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目的探讨内窥镜获取大隐静脉在冠状动脉旁路移植术中的应用并探讨学习曲线，重点关注初学者易发生的问题及对早期临床结果的影响。方法回顾性分析2013年7月至2014年4月在郑州大学第一附属医院心外科接受不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术并使用内窥镜技术获取大隐静脉的83例患者的临床资料，按照手术时间的先后顺序分为A组（初学组20例）、B组（熟悉组20例）、C组（进步组20例）、D组（成熟组23例），分析各组之间患者围术期及随访结果差异，明确学习曲线周期。结果该组患者年龄为（60.22±8.06）岁，体质量为（69.77±11.66） kg，其中合并高血压24例、糖尿病26例、亚急性脑梗14例。A组相对于后三组获取大隐静脉长度与时间比值明显较小（PP=0.006），并且随访1年时静脉桥通畅率较低，但差异无统计学意义。结论内窥镜获取大隐静脉之前技术操作培训是必要的，能有效规避初学者造成的血管损伤，实际获取的过程中大概需要亲自操作20例，并认真总结技术技巧就可以较为熟练地进行相关操作。

根据等效介质理论和严格耦合波理论,提出了可见光波段下基于氧化铝材料的亚波长导模共振光栅滤波器的理论设计与仿真方法。利用Rsoft软件分别仿真分析强调制和弱调制下的氧化铝光栅反射光谱,并探讨了光栅周期（400～420nm）、占空比（0.2～0.8）和光栅厚度（117～367nm）等结构参数的改变对光栅光谱特性的影响。仿真结果表明,氧化铝光栅在610nm波长处具有优秀的滤波效果:旁带

由于光纤端接数量多、连线繁琐,运检人员在进行光纤跳纤操作时极易出现误拔或误接,进而造成通信业务的中断甚至引起电网事件。文章基于智能化软件的施工指导的方法,提出通过清晰的信息提示及智能光纤配线网络设备端口发光二极管状态实现工单操作的智能化指引,以声、光、以及手机终端界面多种方式的可视化端口指引手段,指导进行端口的定位操作,避免由于端口误操作引起的电网通信事故,提高电力通信网的安全性、稳定性和可靠性。

针对模分复用系统中模式串扰问题,提出一种具有大模式差分群时延的微结构少模光纤,利用基于全矢量有限元分析法的Comsol计算其模场分布和有效折射率,同时分析光纤的模式差分群时延。仿真结果表明:该光纤在1.55μm波长处,LP11、LP21、LP02与LP01的模式差分群时延分别为8.45、19.28和23.25ps/m,与传统的少模光纤相比,该少模光纤具有良好的大模式差分群时延特性,能有效解决模间串扰问题,在模分复用系统中有着重要的应用。

深入研究了在1 550和1 330nm波长条件下光纤传输中机械对准误差导致的损耗问题。MATLAB仿真结果表明:高阶模比低阶模有更严重的衰减,单模光纤横向对准误差是最严重的损耗因素;较大的数值孔径时角度对准误差导致的耦合损耗减小,而在数值孔径一样时匹配液折射率越高耦合效率越低,这与端面间隙导致的损耗影响相反。文中的研究对于光纤通信的稳定性发展具有一定的理论和实际意义。

作为光纤到户（FTTH）的理想解决方案之一,以太无源光网络（EPON）提供了1Gbit/s的上下行带宽。组播实现了IP网络中点到多点的高效数据传输,能够有效地节约网络带宽和降低网络负载。随着视频点播、电视会议和远程教育等各种高带宽要求业务的推广,组播技术的加入,将会使EPON能够更加自如地迎接各种新兴的高带宽要求的多媒体业务的挑战。文章作者根据EPON的特点,增加了组播逻辑链路标识（LLID）,结合运用因特网组用户管理协议（IGMP）snooping以及操作管理维护（OAM）,在EPON系统中实现了一套LLID组播机制。

【目的】探讨含碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）的壳聚糖-Ⅰ型胶原复合支架对人牙周膜细胞（HPDLC）生长和增殖的影响。【方法】MTT法观察含bFGF因子壳聚糖-Ⅰ型胶原复合支架浸出液、不含bFGF因子壳聚糖-Ⅰ型胶原复合支架浸出液以及正常细胞培养液对HPDLC生长和增殖的影响，利用流式细胞仪（FCM）检测上述3种液体对HPDLC细胞周期的影响，并将HPDLC接种于含bFGF因子壳聚糖-Ⅰ型胶原复合支架和不含bFGF因子壳聚糖-Ⅰ型胶原复合支架内，通过免疫细胞组织化学和激光共聚焦显微镜来检测HPDLC在复合支架内的存活和增殖情况。【结果】含bFGF因子壳聚糖-Ⅰ型胶原复合支架浸出液对HPDLC生长和增殖的促进作用明显强于不含bFGF因子壳聚糖-Ⅰ型胶原复合支架浸出液和正常细胞培养液．而后两组间无统计学意义；含bFGF因子壳聚糖-Ⅰ型胶原复合支架浸出液促进HPDLC从G1期进入S期；HPDLC在含bFGF因子壳聚糖-Ⅰ型胶原复合支架内的生长和增殖也明显优于不含bFGF因子壳聚糖-Ⅰ型胶原复合支架。【结论】含bFGF因子壳聚糖-Ⅰ型胶原复合支架可以促进体外培养的HPDLC生长和增殖。

BACKGROUND: Exercise is an effective method for preventing and treating osteoporosis, but it is unclear whether its effect on postmenopausal osteoporosis is related to changes in bone autophagy levels. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of exercise via cellular autophagy on the morphology and mechanical properties of bone tissue in ovariectomized rats, and to explore the mechanism of exercise on bone mass in ovariectomized rats from the perspective of autophagy. METHODS: A rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis was established, and a 24-week moderate-intensity exercise was used for intervention. After the experiment, serum estradiol levels were measured by ELISA, and bone mineral density and bone microstructure of the cortical and trabecular bone were detected by micro-CT. The biomechanical indicators of the tibia were tested by a three-point bending test. Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of LC3 and ATG7 proteins was analyzed by western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The serum estradiol level in the ovariectomized group was significantly lower than that of the sham-operation group and ovariectomized+exercise group (P < 0.01). The body mass of rats in each group increased, and the order was the ovariectomized group > the ovariectomized+exercise group > the sham-operation group > the sham-operation+exercise group. The bone mineral density and bone mass of rats in all groups significantly increased (P < 0.01), but the increase in the ovariectomized group was significantly lower than that of the other groups, and the increase in the ovariectomized+exercise group was significantly higher than that of the ovariectomized group. Compared with the sham-operation group, the bone mineral density of the tibial cancellous bone in the sham-operation+exercise group was significantly increased (P < 0.01), while the bone mineral density in the ovariectomized and ovariectomized+exercise groups was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Compared with the ovariectomized+exercise group, the ovariectomized group showed significantly lower bone volume fraction, number of trabeculae, and bone mineral density of cancellous bone (P < 0.05), extremely significantly lower trabecular thickness (P < 0.01), and significantly higher mean trabecular pattern factor, trabecular separation, and structural model index (P < 0.01). Compared with the ovariectomized group, the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and the relative expression of ATG7 protein significantly increased in the ovariectomized+exercise group (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation and ovariectomized groups, the number of autophagosomes increased in the sham-operation+exercise and ovariectomized+exercise groups, respectively. To conclude, moderate-intensity treadmill exercise can improve the bone microstructure and biomechanical properties of the tibial cancellous bone and increase bone mass in ovariectomized rats by increasing serum estradiol levels and bone autophagy levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of mental disorders in people living with HIV/AIDS and to provide reference for clinical prevention of HIV associated mental disorders. Methods People living with HIV/AIDS who were diagnosed in our hospital from May 2017 to March 2023 were stratified randomly selected according to the year of admission. The first hospitalization records and laboratory test data from the medical record management systemwere reviewed and then relevant parameters were extracted as baseline data and were followed up regularly. Cox regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of HIV associated mental disorders. Results A total of 503 people living with HIV/AIDS meeting the study criteria were included, 71 patients were diagnosed with mental disorders during follow 一 up, with an incidence of 14. 1%. Multivariate analysis showed poor sleep (HR = 3. 813, 95% CI: 2. 237 - 6. 501), ART side effects (HR = 1. 740, 95% CI: L 047 -2. 891), poor insight (HR =7. 213, 95% CI: 4. 277 - 12. 163), abnormal CD4/CD8 ceU ratio (HR =2.772, 95% CI: 1. 246 - 6. 163) and abnormal creatine kinase (HR = 1. 765, 95% CI: 1. 086 -2. 871) were risk factors for HIV associated mental disorders. Conclusion People living with HIV/AIDS have a relatively high incidence of mental disorders within the first year of diagnosis, the influencing factors should be identified as early as possible when HIV/AIDS patients are diagnosed, and corresponding intervention plans should be formulated to prevent the occurrence and development of HIV associated mental disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To understand the relationship between different lifestyles and the formation of fatty liver, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of fatty liver. Methods A total of 15 858 physical examination subjects who had no history of fatty liver in the hospital in 2018 were selected as the study objects. A retrospective cohort study was adopted, questionnaire survey and physical examination data were extracted, and Chi-square and logistics regression analysis were used to statistically analyze the influence of different lifestyles on the formation of fatty liver after two years of follow-up. Results The cumulative incidence of fatty liver was 8. 1%, the incidence of male was higher than that of female, the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05), and the incidence of fatty liver increased with the increase of age. The results of univariate analysis showed that men, frequent consumption of high fat, infrequent consumption of milk and soy products, excessive intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, short or long sleep time, smoking and drinking were prone to fatty liver disease(P <0.05). logistics regression analysis shows that high-fat diet and excessive intake of sugary drinks were risk factors for fatty liver(P <0.05), and exercise was a protective factor for fatty liver(P <0.05). Conclusion Keeping a light diet, reducing the intake of sugary drinks and strengthening exercise in daily life can reduce the occurrence of fatty liver. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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