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Objectives To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of bone metastasis of gastric cancer, analyze the influencing factors of bone metastasis and the effects of different treatment methods, and provide a basis for early detection and treatment optimization of bone metastasis of gastric cancer. Methods A total of 142 gastric cancer patients with bone metastasis admitted to the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2011 to December2021 were enrolled, including 60 cases of simple bone metastasis and 82 cases of bone metastasis combined with extraosseous metastasis. 142 patients with stage Ⅲ gastric cancer without distant metastasis and 142 gastric cancer patients with visceral metastasis admitted to this hospital during the same period were also enrolled for comparison. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of bone metastasis, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the influencing factors of overall survival (OS) of patients with bone metastasis. Results Among the 142 patients with bone metastasis, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was the main type (123 cases), and 45 patients had simultaneous bone metastasis. Rib metastasis (100 cases), spine metastasis (88 cases), and pelvis metastasis (84 cases) were more common. A total of 110 patients had multiple bone metastasis, and 82 patients had extraosseous metastasis. Results of the stage Ⅲ gastric cancer group, the visceral metastasis group, the bone metastasis group, and the bone metastasis with extraosseous metastasis group were compared. There were significant differences in age, degree of differentiation, Borrmann type, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, serum calcium, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, lymphocyte, hemoglobin, platelet, CEA, CA19-9, and CA724 (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Borrmann type was an independent protective factor of bone metastasis of gastric cancer (type 3: OR=0.07, 95%CI: 0.01-0.64, P=0.018). Alkaline phosphatase (OR=2.54, 95% CI: 1.07-6.01, P=0.034), serum calcium (OR=2.71, 95% CI: 1.15-6.41, P=0.023), creatine kinase isoenzyme (OR=16.33, 95% CI: 1.83-145.58, P=0.012), platelet (OR=10.08, 95% CI: 1.89-53.85, P=0.007), and CA19-9 (OR=2.40, 95% CI: 1.14-5.05, P=0.021) were independent risk factors of bone metastasis of gastric cancer. The median OS of the stage Ⅲ gastric cancer group, the visceral metastasis group, the bone metastasis group, and the bone metastasis with extrabony group were 47, 13, 18, and 6 months, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The median OS of patients with bone metastasis only who underwent primary tumor surgery was 33 months, better than 6 months of patients without surgery (P=0.048). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that extraosseous metastasis (HR=2.45, 95% CI: 1.56-3.85, P<0.001) and decreased hemoglobin (HR=1.54, 95%CI: 1.02-2.34, P=0.042) were independent risk factors of OS of gastric cancer patients with bone metastasis. Conclusions The prognosis of gastric cancer patients with bone metastasis alone is significantly better than that of other stage Ⅳ patients. For such patients, surgery on the primary site combined with chemotherapy after full evaluation may prolong the survival time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The study explored the distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in mangroves and the association between microorganisms and ARGs in order to understand the current situation of mangrove resistance pollution and provide theoretical support for risk assessment of ARGs in the environment. [Method) Metagenomics technique was used to explore the composition, diversity and relationship with microorganisms of antibiotic resistance genes in mangrove sediments and water in Dongzhaigang, Hainan province. [Result] The rifampicin resistance gene rpoB mutants, daptomycin resistance gene rpoC, fluoroquinolone resistance gene mfd, aminocoumarin resistance gene alas, acetoxy resistance gene EF-Tu mutants, macrolide resistance gene macB and isoniazid resistance gene katG were dominant genes in this area. The composition types of antibiotic resistance gene in sediment and water were similar, but the diversities of antibiotic resistance gene in water were higher than those in sediment. However, NMDS analysis showed that the composition and distribution of ARGs in sediments and water bodies were obviously different. The correlation analysis between ARGs and microbial groups showed that α-Proteobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria and Flavobacteriia were the main microbial groups strongly associated with ARGs, accounting for 70%. Among them, the resistance genes in water were mainly distributed in α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria and Flavobacteriia, while the resistance genes in sediments were mainly distributed in γ-Proteobacteria and δ-Proteobacteria. (Conclusion) Mangrove sediments and water bodies have different composition characteristics of ARGs, and they both have different risk characteristics. As a result, when carrying out ecological monitoring and management of drug-resistant microorganisms and ARGs in mangroves, attention should be paid not only to monitoring the compositional characteristics of microorganisms, but also to the pattern of change of ARGs in the water body, in order to predict the risk of drug-resistance of microorganisms in sediment in this area of mangroves in Dongzhaigang, Hainan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To explore the inhibitory effect of hiocontrol strain JT86 on sclerotia-producing pathogens of tobacco. [Methods] The cell wall hydrolase activities in the fementation broth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 186 were detected using the double-antibody sandwich method. The mycelium and sclerotia morphological changes of the pathogen treated with JT86 fermentation broth were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The inhibitory effects on the hyphal growth and clematia germination of Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium ralf, and Sclerotinia sclerotiarum were tested. [Results] The inhibitory rates of JT86 fermentation broth on the hyphal growth of R. salani 5. rolfsii and S. sclerotiaru w 77.07% 50.82% and 95.25% respectively. After 24 h treatment with JT86 fermentation broth, the sclerotia of the three pathogens did not germinate, with inhibitory rates all reached 100% JT86 fermentation houth had high protease, cellulase and chitinase activities, but did not produce indoleacetic acid. Scanning electron microscopy showed that JT86 fermentation broth could cause severe hyphal atrophy and deformity of R. zolani. [Conclusion] The JT86 fermentation both had good inhibitory effects on the growth and development, as well as selestial germination of R. solani, S. ralfiii and S. scleratiorum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Intrusion of overerupted posterior teeth with clear aligner for adult patients with different bone densities, orthodontists mostly choose the diaphragm thickness by subjective experience, and finite element analysis is expected to provide a theoretical basis for choosing the appropriate thickness of diaphragms for patients with different bone densities. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of diaphragm thickness and bone density on the intrusion of overerupted maxillary first molar in adult patients using clear aligners using finite element analysis. METHODS: Four groups of finite element models were created based on four bone densities (cancellous bone types I, II, III, and IV) and assembled with three clear aligner models with diaphragm thicknesses of 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mm, respectively. Finite element analysis was then performed using Ansys 2021 software. Clear aligners applied a 0.2 mm intrusion displacement to the maxillary first molar was simulated in each group. The von Mises stress and tooth displacement trends of root, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone of first molar and its adjacent teeth were compared between groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The von Mises stress distribution of the first molar was the same in all groups, mainly at the root furcation; the second premolar was distributed in the proximal mid-cervical 1/3; the second molar was distributed at the buccal root furcation. (2) The displacement of the first molar and adjacent teeth was close to mesial displacement; the first molar displayed a buccal displacement trend, whereas adjacent teeth displayed a palatal displacement trend. At class II density of alveolar bone, the first molar X- and Y-axis displacement was the smallest, and the Z-axis displacement was the greatest; displacement of adjacent teeth increased with decreasing bone density. In the Z-axis direction, the displacement of the first molar and adjacent teeth was proportional to the thickness of the diaphragm. The smallest displacement was observed in the second premolar 1 mm and second molar 0.5 mm groups in the X- and Y-axis directions. (3) These results concluded that the use of clear aligners to lower the overerupted molars is less likely to cause pericemental fibrosis and root resorption. Decreased bone density does not increase the risk of root resorption. Class II bone density is optimal for molar intrusion. The maximum equivalent stress of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone is proportional to the thickness of the diaphragm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To assess the clinical significance of 16p13.11 microduplications encompassing NDE1 gene and study the genotype-phenotype correlation. Methods Sixty-one patients and 6, 144 controls who had undergone chromosome microarray analysis（CMA）for neurocognitive impairment or other reasons were analyzed and then divided into three groups: a group of patients with neurocognitive impairment, a prenatal group with abnormal nervous systems, and a prenatal group with normal nervous systems. The fetuses carrying 16p13.11 microduplications were followed up, and the detection rates for the three groups were statistically analyzed. Results 16p13.11 microduplications were not detectable in the group of patients with neurocognitive impairment and the prenatal group with abnormal nervous systems. However, 16p13.11 microduplications encompassing NDE1 gene were detectable in 13 fetuses in the prenatal group with normal nervous systems. Of these, one pregnancy was terminated because of fetal heart defect, the others chose to continue their pregnancy, and no other structural abnormalities were observed in the fetuses. A follow-up on postnatal health of the newborns revealed no apparent abnormalities. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of 16p13.11 microduplication among the three groups （P > 0.05）. Conclusions Combined with the characteristics of low penetrance, 16p13.11 microduplications encompassing the entire NDE1 gene may be benign variants;however, more large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the associated clinical phenotypes. Follow-up to adulthood is recommended for prenatal cases with 16p13.11 microduplication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To provide further data for clinical treatment of rare autosomal trisomy (RATs), through the analysis of the results of RATs screened by non-invasive prenatal examination (NIPT). Method A total of 85, 525 pregnant women who received NIPT in Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from January 1, 2018 to June 1, 2022 were selected. Invasive diagnosis was performed for women with high risk results and pregnancy outcome was followed. Result Among the 85, 525 samples, 182 cases of high risk of RATs were detected. A total of 136 cases chose for further diagnosis, and 7 cases were confirmed, including 2 cases of T2, 1 case of T7, 1 case of T9, 1 case of T15, and 2 cases of T16. Positive predictive value (PPV) were 50%, 3.13%, 12.5%, 33.3%, and 12.5%, respectively, and the PPV of other chromosomes was 0. The total PPV was 5.15%. Detailed follow-up was conducted in 121 high-risk pregnant women, and 116 (95.87%) had a live birth, the incidence of fetal growth restriction (FGR) and preterm birth (PTB) were 25.62%, 20.66% respectively. Conclusion RATs screened by NIPT has a lower PPV, but the high risk of RATs has important clinical significance, suggesting that pregnant women are at increased risk of FGR and PTB and need enhanced ultrasound follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the anxiety， depression and sleep disorders in patients with early dysfunctional filtration blebs who underwent needle revision of filtration bleb after glaucoma trabeculectomy. Methods We selected 30 patients who recovered to normal 6 months after glaucoma trabeculectomy(Group A), 30 patients with early dysfunc‐ tional filtration blebs who underwent needle revision of filtration bleb after glaucoma trabeculectomy(Group B), and 30 healthy adults(Group C) . Anxiety， depression and sleep disorders were scored using Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) . We compared SAS， SDS， PSQI scores and the positive rate of anxiety， depression and sleep disorders among the three groups. The correlation of SAS， SADS and PSQI scores in patients with early dysfunctional filtration blebs was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results There were no significant differences in gender， age， educational level or marital status among the three groups(all P> 0. 05), and the balance between the groups was comparable. Significant differences were found in SAS， SDS and PSQI scores between the three groups(all P<0. 05) . There were significant differences in SAS， SDS and PSQI scores between the groups B and C(all P<0. 05) . Significant difference was found in PSQI score between group A and group C(P< 0. 05) . SAS score of 45， SDS score of 50， and PSQI score of> 7 were used as the positive determination criteria for anxi‐ ety， depression， and sleep disorders， respectively. There were significant differences in the positive rates of depression and sleep disorders among these three groups(all P<0. 05) . Significant differences were found in the positive rates for anx‐ iety， depression and sleep disorders between the group B and group C(all P<0. 05) . There was significant difference in the positive rate of sleep disorder between groups B and A， and between groups A and C(all P<0. 05) . PSQI score was positively correlated with SAS score(r=0. 511) and SDS score(r=0. 296) in patients of group B(P<0. 05), and SAS score was positively correlated with SDS score(r=0. 355，P<0. 05) . Conclusion Patients with early dysfunctional filtration blebs who underwent needle revision of filtration bleb after glaucoma trabeculectomy have high incidences of anxiety， depression and sleep disturbance within 6 months， so necessary psychological intervention should be given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different blade species have different blade characteristics information, whether it is based on leaf information to identify tree species or accurately detect leaf diseases, image segmentation is particularly important. This paper proposes a blade image segmentation method based on the new addition algorithm, which is used to add the edge contour of the binary image extracted by the Canny detector to the original gray image, and the inverted binary image is quadratic with the first added image. Before and after adding, the image format and size of the blade image should be kept consistent, and the image addition condition can be satisfied to realize the segmentation of the blade image. The experimental results show that the method retains the complete feature information of the blade and the blade is completely separated from the background. It provides solid theoretical support for subsequent image feature extraction and tree species identification, the addition method can also be applied to other fields of image segmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of triptolide (TP) on the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under hypoxia. Methods (1) HUVECs were treated with 0, 40, 80, 160 and 320 nmol/L TP (named with hypoxia group, TP40 group, TP80 group, TP160 group and TP320 group, respectively) under the hypoxic condition (37 ℃, 5% CO2, 1% O2, 94% N2) for culturing 12 hours. Meanwhile, cells cultured under normoxia condition (without TP added) were set as the normoxia group. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of HIF1α in each group. (2) The cells were divided into normal control group, hypoxia group and TP80 group. The immunofluorescence method was performed to detect the localization of HIF1α in cells. (3) Expressions of VEGF were detected by Western blot assay in TP80 group and hypoxia group. (4) The cells were divided into hypoxia group, TP80 group, TP80 +KF20 group (80 nmol/L TP and 20 μmol/L KC7F2), and TP80+ KF30 group (80 nmol/L TP and 30 μmol/L KC7F2). After 12-hour culturing, Western blot assay was used to detect the expressions of HIF1α and VEGF in each group. Results (1) Under the normoxia condition, no HIF1α was detected in HUVECs. The expression level of HIF1α was significantly increased in TP80 group than that in hypoxia group (P < 0.05), while there was no significant change in expression of hypoxia HIF1α in TP160 group and TP320 group compared with that of hypoxic group. (2) The immunofluorescence result showed that HIF1α was mainly expressed in the nucleus. (3) The expression of VEGF was significantly increased in TP80 group than that in hypoxia group (P < 0.05). (4) After the intervention of KC7F2, HIF1α and VEGF expression levels were significantly decreased in the TP80+KF20 group and the TP80+ KF30 group than those in the TP80 group (P < 0.05). Conclusion TP can improve the expression of HIF1α and VEGF to accelerate the proliferation of endothelial cells under hypoxia condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the problems of energy depletion and environmental pollution caused by non renewable energy such as oil and coal have seriously hindered the sustainable development of our society. Biomass energy is a reliable low-carbon alternative energy with renewable, clean and other characteristics. Therefore, the energy transformation to renewable energy is crucial to China's development. Research shows that China has rich biomass resources. For example, agricultural wastes can be used to produce biogas by anaerobic fermentation of agricultural wastes straw, which can reduce a lot of carbon emissions. Therefore, it is of great significance for China's development to make full and reasonable use of this resource. This paper discusses two types of biogas power generation technologies using straw as raw material, namely, traditional biogas direct combustion power generation technology and biogas fuel cell power generation technology. Based on life cycle assessment (LCA) and time value dynamic analysis method, the feasibility of two types of biogas power generation technologies is comprehensively evaluated from both environmental and economic aspects. The feasibility of this technology is compared with that of coal-fired power generation technology, and the feasibility of straw biogas power generation technology in both economic and environmental aspects is discussed. In the feasibility analysis of environmental benefits, three potential values of environmental impact categories are considered: global warming (GWP), environmental acidification (AP) and human toxicity (HTP). The environmental impact potential of the three power generation technologies is calculated according to the equivalence factor of each environmental category. After the environmental impact potentials are standardized, the total environmental impact loads of different environmental categories are obtained. The analysis of the total environmental impact is consistent with the judgment of the environmental benefits of the three power generation technologies. The economic feasibility analysis adopts the dynamic analysis method of time value, and selects the dynamic investment payback period, internal rate of return and net present value as the analysis indicators. According to literature review, find representative power plants, and calculate dynamic payback period, net present value and internal rate of return by referring to capital input and output data of power plants. According to the calculation results, the economic feasibility of different power generation technologies is comprehensively analyzed. The results show that the biogas fuel cell power generation technology is the best in terms of total environmental impact, and the total environmental impact load is 8.55×10-4, followed by biogas direct combustion power generation technology, with a total environmental impact load of 2.15×10-2。 Compared with coal-fired power generation technology (2.97×10-1), the emission reduction rate reached 99.71% and 92.76% respectively. In terms of economic benefits, when the dynamic payback period and NPV are taken as indicators, the payback period of the straw biogas direct fired power generation project is the shortest (12.03 years), the NPV in the operation period can reach 1 361 246 Yuan/MW, and the economic benefits are the best; The second is coal-fired power generation project (14.5 years), with a net present value of 423 933 Yuan/MW; The dynamic payback period of biogas fuel cell power generation project is more than 20 years, and there is no surplus during operation. Therefore, compared with biogas fuel cell power generation technology, biogas direct combustion power generation technology has more significant economic benefits. This shows that biogas direct fired power generation technology will remain one of the best power generation technologies to replace coal-fired power generation in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to evaluate the pesticide residue levels in apricots in Shanxi Province, an ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was established for the determination of 29 pesticides such as imidacloprid and difenoconazole in apricots, and the pesticide residues in apricot samples were analyzed. The results showed that the linearity of 29 pesticides were acceptable in the range of 0.001~0.2 mg/kg with R 2 > 0.99. The average recoveries ranged from 63% to 117% with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.7% to 7.7% at the spiked levels of 0.005, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.005 mg/kg, which met the requirements of pesticide multi-residue analysis. The established method was used to analyze 42 apricot samples collected in Shanxi Province, and the results showed that the pesticides were detected in 26 of the 42 apricot samples, with a detection rate of 61.9%. Imidacloprid had the highest detection rate (45.2%), and the residue levels ranged from < 0.005~0.57 mg/kg. A total of 13 pesticides were detected, none of which were registered on apricots, indicating that as a distinctive minor crop, there are problems in the pests control of apricot, such as the lack of pesticides available and no standards to follow, which affected the safety of agricultural products. By comparing the current status of pesticide residue limit standards in apricot in China with that in other countries, it is suggested that the pesticide residue supervision should be strengthened in China, and the necessity and feasibility of the establishment of MRL of five pesticides, namely cyazofamid, epoxiconazole, etoxazole, paclobutrazol and pyridaben, in apricot should be further investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective　To investigate the change and potential role of Mindin protein in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B （CHB） with PEG-IFNα-2b. Methods　A total of 29 CHB patients who received the treatment with PEG-IFNα-2b in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from January 2018 to December 2019 were enrolled， and according to their clinical outcome， they were divided into cured group with 17 patients and uncured group with 12 patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected from both groups at baseline， 12 weeks， and 24 weeks to measure blood routine indices， liver function parameters， hepatitis B markers， and Mindin protein. HBsAg， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， and Mindin protein at different time points were compared between the two groups. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups； a Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate correlation； a multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the influence of HBsAg and ALT on the content of Mindin protein. Results　The analysis of baseline data showed that there were significant differences in the levels of HBsAg， HBeAb， albumin， and albumin/ globulin ratio between the cured group and the uncured group （all P<0.05）. The cured group tended to have a gradual increase in the level of Mindin， and the level of Mindin at 24 weeks was significantly higher than that at baseline （P<0.05）. The cured group had a significantly higher level of Mindin protein than the uncured group at 24 weeks （P=0.019）. The cured group had a significantly lower level of HBsAg than the uncured group （P<0.05）， with a significant change from baseline to each time point within the cured group （P<0.05）. In addition， the levels of ALT and AST in the cured group tended to first increase and then decrease， and the expression levels at 12 weeks were significantly higher than those at baseline （P<0.05）. At 12 weeks， there was a strong linear correlation between Mindin protein levels and ALT in the untreated group （r=0.760 8， P<0.05）， and further multiple linear regression analysis also demonstrated a linear relationship between the two （b=1.571， P=0.019）. Conclusion　There is a significant difference in the level of Mindin protein between the cured group and the non-cured group after 24 weeks of PEG-IFNα-2b antiviral treatment， and therefore， detecting the dynamic changes of Mindin protein can better predict the treatment outcome of CHB， which provides a reference for clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of Conbercept on fiber scar formation in rabbit filter channel after trabeculectomy. Methods Forty healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: trabeculectomy combined with mitomycin group (group A), trabeculectomy combined with Conbercept injection group (group B), trabeculectomy combined with mitomycin and Conbercept injection group (group C), trabeculectomy combined with normal saline injection group (group D), with 10 rabbits in each group. Standard trabeculectomy was performed on the right eyes of rabbits. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured before and after the operation, and the morphology and complications were observed by slit-lamp microscope. At 28 days after surgery, the operative eye was removed and the tissues of the follicle area were clipped. HE staining was used to observe the histopathologic changes of the filter passage, Masson staining was used to observe the collagen deposition and fibrosis degree of the filter passage tissues, and immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of CD31 in the filter passage tissues. Results The IOP in each group decreased to the lowest on the 3rd day after surgery, gradually increased on the 7th day after surgery, and almost completely recovered to the preoperative level on the 28th day after surgery. At 7 days after surgery, functional follicles were formed in the operative area of groups A, B and C, while conjunctival vessels on the follicle surface of group D were dense, with obvious vascularization and flat follicle area. Among them, the height of follicles in the group A increased and the surface blood vessels were sparse. In the group B, the diffusion of follicles increased, and there was no obvious congestion on the follicle surface. In the group C, the diffusion of follicles increased, and there was no obvious congestion on the surface of follicles and conjunctiva. As time went on, to 28 days after surgery, the conjunctival congestion gradually decreased and faded away, and the filtration vesicles were limited and flattened. At 28 days after operation, the histopathological features of the eyes in the groups A and B were similar, showing loose collagen fiber arrangement and local thickened epithelial tissues, accompanied by dot infiltration of lymphocytes. More epithelial cell degeneration, cell swelling and cytoplasmic vacuolation were observed in the groups A and C, while no such pathological changes were observed in the group B. At 28 days after surgery, the proportion of collagen fibers in the filter aisle in the groups A, B and C was lower than that in the group D (all P<0. 05), and the proportion of collagen fibers in the filter aisle in the group B was lower than that in the groups A and C (both P<0. 05) . The number of microvessels in the group B was significantly smaller than that in the groups A, C and D (all P<0. 05) . Conclusion Conbercept can inhibit the formation of neovascularization and scarring in the rabbit filter passage after trabeculectomy, and help maintain the shape of the filter vesicle, so as to effectively improve the success rate of glaucoma trabeculectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case of pituicytoma was observed in a Han-Wistar rat from the control group of a 2-year carcinogenicity study. No obvious abnormality were found in clinical observation and necropsy. Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining results showed that nodular hyperplasia in the pars nervosa of the pituitary, which was well demarcated and compressed the adjacent normal tissue. The tumor cells were similar to the glial cells with round or oval nuclei, cytoplasm rich in eosinophilic or vacuole. The tumor cells differentiated well, with no obvious cell pleomorphism and visible mitotic figures. Some tumor cells were arranged in a pseudorosette formation. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) analysis confirmed positive expression of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100 protein. The tumor was diagnosed as the spontaneous benign pituicytoma combining the HE and IHC staining results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the role of LIF/LIFR/STAT3 pathway in endometrial receptivity in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS). Methods Forty 21-day-old SD female rats were divided into normal(control)group, model group, sham-operation group, and LIF group with 10 rats in each. The rat model of PCOS was constructed by subcutaneous injection of prasterone sodium sulfate at the back of the neck. The serum levels of testosterone(T), glucose and insulin in each group were detected. The morphological changes of the uterus in each group were observed by HE staining, and the morphological changes of endometrium were measured. Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)were used to determine the protein expression and mRNA expression of LIF and STAT3 in rat endometrium. Results Compared with control group, the levels of integrin avb3, serum T, insulin and glucose in PCOS rats were significantly increased(P=0.000, P=0.000, P=0.001). Supplementation of exogenous LIF could significantly reduce the levels of integrin avb3, serum T, glucose and insulin in PCOS rats(P=0.000, P=0.002, P=0.003, P=0.007). HE results showed that exogenous LIF could reduce uterine cavity and glandular morphology in PCOS rats and increase the equivalent diameter(P=0.000, P=0.000)and area(P=0.000, P=0.000)of uterine glands and glandular cavity, the ratio of glandular interstitial area(P=0.000), and the average endometrial thickness(P=0.006), with statistically significant differences. Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of LIF and p-STAT3 protein and mRNA in model group were significantly decreased compared with control group. Compared with model group, the protein and mRNA expressions of LIF and p-STAT3 in LIF group were significantly increased(P<0.05). Conclusion Exogenous LIF supplementation can improve endometrial receptivity in PCOS rats, and its mechanism is related to the LIF/LIFR/STAT3 pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heavy ion beam（HIB）irradiation, with high mutagenesis rate, broad mutagenesis spectrum and stable mutant, has been widely used in the implementation of industrial microbial breeding. With the development of sequencing technology, a more comprehensive understanding of the biological information at multiple levels such as genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome may be achieved via study on the mutagenesis effect of HIB. This paper summarizes the research progress of microbial breeding using HIB, combining highthroughput sequencing technology to explore the biological effects of heavy ion mutagenesis. On this basis, a new idea of using omics methods to study the mutagenesis effect of HIB was further discussed with aim to provide references and suggestions for the breeding technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of forest management methods on the understory litter and soil water conservation capacity of Larix principisrupprechtii forests of different ages were studied to provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation management and soil and water conservation measures in the study area. In August 2021, young forests, near-mature forests and mature forests of Larix principis-rupprechtii under near-natural management, conventional management and non-management measures were selected as the research objects in Wangyedian Forest Farm, Chifeng City, the method of field survey and sampling combined with indoor experimental analysis was used to compare and analyze the water holding capacity of understory litter and soil in young Larix principis-rupprechtii forest, near-mature forest and mature forest under different management methods, and the entropy weight method was used to comprehensively evaluate the litter and soil water conservation capacity of Larix principis-rupprechtii forest. The results showed that: the total thickness of litter in 9 sample plots ranged from 2. 37 cm to 5. 83 cm, and the total volume of litter ranged from 11. 27 t / hm 2 to 37. 07 t / hm 2 . The maximum and effective water holding capacity of litter under different ages of Larix principis-rupprechtii forests showed the trend of mature forest>near-mature forest>young forest. The maximum and effective water holding capacity of litter under Larix principis-rupprechtii forest under different management modes showed the order of non-management>conventional management> near natural management. Soil total porosity, capillary porosity, saturated water capacity and capillary water capacity under different ages of Larix principis-rupprechtii stands had the regularities of young forest>mature forest>near-mature forest. Soil porosity and water holding capacity of Larix principis-rupprechtii forest under different management patterns showed the change rule of near-natural management>conventional management>non-management. Under non-management measures, the understory water conservation capacity of mature forest stage of Larix principis-rupprechtii forest was the highest; under conventional management measures, the understory water conservation capacity of young forest stage was second, and the understory water conservation capacity of near-mature forest stage under conventional management measures was the lowest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the effect of multidisciplinary team intervention under mind mapping on postoperative weakness and despair in patients with primary liver cancer. Methods A total of 170 patients who underwent primary liver cancer surgery in the Third Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Af-filiated Hospital of Hunan Normal University from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the research ob-jects, and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 85 cases in each group. The control group received routine postoperative nursing, and the observation group received multidisciplinary team intervention under mind mapping. The degrees of weakness and despair level, nutritional status and post-operative complications were compared between the two groups. Results Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the scores of degrees of weakness between the two groups(P >O. 05). After the in-tervention, the scores of health status, social support, self-control and emotion in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P 0. 05). After the intervention, the scores of losses of motivation, feeling of the future and expectation of future in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P0. 05). After intervention, the levels of BMI and serum protein in the observation group were higher the differences were statistically significant( P <0. 05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0. 05). Conclusion Multidisciplinary team intervention under mind mapping can effectively reduce the postoperative weakness and despair level of patients with primary liver cancer, improve the nutritional status of patients and reduce the incidence of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Two earthquakes with a distance less than 40 km occurred in Menyuan, Qinghai Province, China, including Mw 5.9 earthquake on 26th January 2016 and Mw 6.7 earthquake on 8th January 2022. Methods: The interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique was utilized to process Sentinel-1A radar images from both ascending and descending tracks to retrieve high resolution coseismic surface displacement maps for these two Menyuan earthquakes. The coseismic surface displacements were then inverted to determine the fault geometry parameters and the non-uniform fault slip distributions with a dislocation model in an elastic half- space. Results: The results show that the 2016 Menyuan earthquake was a reverse event on a buried fault with a maximum surface displacement of 6.7 cm and 7.0 cm on the ascending and descending tracks, respectively. The maximum slip on the fault plane reached 0.53 m and concentrated at depths of 4 − 12 km. The 2022 Menyuan earthquake ruptured along the NWW - SEE strike with a maximum surface displacement of 78 cm in the satellite radar line of sight and a maximum fault slip of 3.5 m occurred at a depth of approximately 4 km. Conclusions: Considering the tectonic settings around the Lenglongling fault zone, the 2022 Menyuan earthquake is likely to occure in the western segment of the left‐lateral Lenglongling fault, with its western end extending westward to the Tuolaishan fault. By calculating the coulomb failure stress changes (CFS), it is inferred that the 2016 Menyuan earthquake generated considerable positive CFS which might have triggered the 2022 Menyuan earthquake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This investigation was under taken to explore probable mechanisms and signal pathways involved in diaphragm dysfunction induced by Sepsis. The rat sepsis model was constructed by injecting 8 mg/kg LPS into the abdominal cavity. Male SD rats were divided into 3 groups (n=6/group): comparing control group (Con group), LPS group (Sepsis group) and calcium Protease inhibitor pretreatment group (Calpeptin group). Each group of rats was sacrificed, and then their diaphragm tissues were quickly separated. The pathological changes of the diaphragm tissue were observed by using the hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining method. Additionally, the mRNA expression levels ofμ-Calpain, caspase-3, Beclin-1, TNF-αand IL-6 in diaphragm tissue were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Under the light microscope, we could see that the diaphragm cross-section in the Con group was regular, with full and orderly muscle fibers, closely spaced muscle fibers, and nuclei distributed along the edge of the lens. In the diaphragm muscle cells of the Con group, there were intact capillary endothelium and no interstitial hyperplasia. Compared with the Con group, HE staining of the sepsis group rats with LPS for 24 h showed no obvious changes in diaphragm atrophy, but the contractiity of the diaphragm decreased, which was consistent with our previous research results. The mRNA expression levels of the above genes in sepsis group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and were significantly decreased after Calpeptin pretreatment(P<0.05) by qRT-PCR. Diaphragm muscles are prone to dysfunction during sepsis. Calpeptin, a calpain inhibitor, can significantly reduce the activation of inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy pathways induced by LPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Snow water equivalent (SWE) plays a key role in climate change prediction, water resource management and agricultural production planning. GPS interferometric reflectometry (GPS IR) has been proven to be a powerful tool to monitor snow depth. An efficient framework is presented to rapidly estimate SWE from GPS IR derived snow depth. Methods: Firstly, the daily snow depth product is obtained using GPS observations with GPS IR technique. Secondly, an SWE conversion model is constructed using snow depth, SWE and climate observations from snow telemetry (SNOTEL) stations in the study region. Finally, using the climate forecast data provided by the historical and projected climate data for North America (Climate-NA) project as parameter constraints, the daily GPS snow depth product is converted into SWEs. Results: The application of the proposed framework to GPS data from the plate boundary observatory (PBO), USA shows that GPS IR derived snow depth product is reliable (R2 = 0.98, RMSE (root mean square error) = 11.1 cm, Bias =-3.7 cm).The daily GPS snow depth can be converted into SWE with high reliability (R² = 0.98, RMSE = 4.2 cm, Bias =-2.5 cm) and stability. The rapid conversion model has high spatiotemporal stability with most of the residuals lying with the range of [-5, 5] cm. The additional uncertainties introduced by the climate forecast data and the spatial variations of snow depths have limited impacts on the estimation of SWE. Conclusions: It is believed that the proposed framework can not only provide guidance to rapidly estimate SWE inregions lacking snow monitoring equipment, but also provide a reference to enhance existing snow observation network and improve accumulated snow products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Three Gorges Project has brought great changes to the regional land use and ecological environment in China in recent years. The temporal and spatial changes in land use and habitat quality are essential to promote the development and protection of territorial space, as well as the transformation of high-quality development in the reservoir area. In this study, land-use data were used from several phases in Hubei section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, according to the construction time node. An InVEST model was used to evaluate the spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics of habitat quality. The distribution index, topographic potential index, and geographically weighted regression model were finally utilized to investigate the topographic gradient effect of habitat quality and the response to land-use change. The results showed that: 1) The characteristics of land-use changes in the study area were mainly the large expansion of construction land and water areas, and a small increase in the area of cultivated land, while a small decrease in the area of forest and grassland. 2) The quality of habitats improved in some areas after the first-phase resettlement of the Three Gorges Project. The habitat quality significantly degraded around some cities and towns in the reservoir area and the Three Gorges Dam after the first-phase resettlement to the full completion of the Three Gorges Project. The quality of habitats in the reservoir area remained stable after the full operation. 3) The habitat quality of contiguous urbanization and engineering construction areas located in low topography was degraded to a greater extent, while the habitat quality of cultivated land reclamation areas scattered in the middle topography was slightly degraded, and the habitat quality of high topography areas with high forest and grass coverage was basically stable, from the perspective of spatial distribution. 4) Geographically weighted regression models showed that there were spatial differences in the response of habitat quality to the change of different land types. The habitat quality responded significantly to changes in forestland in southern Xingshan County, northern Yiling District, and the junction of southern Zigui and Badong County. The habitat quality in the villages and towns responded significantly to the changes of cultivated land in the south of Badong County, such as Yesanguan Town. Furthermore, the habitat quality responded significantly to changes in the construction and cultivated land distributed in the northern part of Xingshan County, around Badong County, and near the Three Gorges Dam. The findings can be expected to reveal the temporal and spatial change of habitat quality, particularly providing decision-making references for the sustainable development of land use and protection in the Hubei section of the Three Gorges Reservoir areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renal cancer is the most common renal cancer, which is easy to relapse and distant metastasis. Targeted therapy has gradually become an indispensable treatment for renal cancer. Because of the limitation of the RECIST standard in evaluating the effect of solid tumors, computed tomograhy(CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) are often used in clinical practice. With the continuous development of technology, many new imaging methods, such as dynamic contrast-enhanced ultra sonography(DCE-US), positron emission tomography CT (PET-CT), can more accurately and early evaluate and predict the efficacy of targeted therapy. In this paper, the imaging status and prospect of targeted therapy for renal cancer were reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and mechanism of anti-CD90 monoclonal antibody in the treatment of melanoma. Methods: hi this study, the possibility of anti-CD90 monoclonal antibody to induce the B16 cell line apoptosis in vitro was analyzed by flow cytometry firstly. Afterwards, the murine melanoma model was established by subcutaneously injecting B16 cells into C57BL/6J mice, then evaluated the anti-tumor effect of anti-CD90 monoclonal antibody by comparing the size and weight of the tumors. The formation and distribution of neovascularization in tumor tissues were detected by iinmunohistochemistry, for comparing the microvascular density in the control group and the therapy group. Results: Although anti-CD90 monoclonal antibody could not directly induce the apoptosis of B16 cells, it could inhibit the progress of melanoma in mice in situ (p=0.049), and the neovascularization in therapy group was significantly reduced. The t-test results showed that there was a significant difference in microvascular density between the treatment group and the control group (p=0.011). Conclusions: Anti-C'D90 monoclonal antibody can inhibit the development of melanoma by inhibiting the formation of neovascularization in tumor tissue, so as to acliieve the effect of melanoma treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy of compound honeysuckle decoction hot and humid joint fusidic acid cream in the treatment of targeted drugs-induced rash. Methods: 80 cases of patients with targeted drugs-induced rash admitted in our hospitalfrom August 2014 to August 2016 were selected and divided into two groups with 40 cases in each group according to the drawing method. The control group was treated by fusidic acid cream, while the observation group was treated by compound honeysuckle decoction hot and humid joint fusidic acid cream, the changes of symptom score, quality of life after treatment, clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups. Results: After treatment, the symptoms score of observation group ((6.87± 1.25) points) was lower than that of the control group ((10.29± 2.74) points)(P＜0.05), the quality of life score ((3.15± 0.57)points) of observation group was lower than that of the control group ((6.42± 1.20) points)(P＜0.05). The effective rate of observation group(95.00％) was higher than that of the control group(77.50％)(P＜0.05), no statistical difference was found in the incidence of adverse reactions was observed between two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Compound honeysuckle decoction hot and humid joint fusidic acid cream was effective in the treatment of targeted drugs-induced rash, it could effectively relieve the clinical symptoms, improve the quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effect of different dosage of icariin on the RANKL and Wnt3a expressions in the pressure side of periodontal tissue during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Methods: Twenty four male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups according to the different dosage of icariin as follows: physiological saline group (control group); 1 mg/kg icariin group; 3 mg/kg icariin group: 5 mg/kg icariin group (experience group). 50 g force was used to move the left maxillary first molar. Immunohistochemical staining technology was used to detect the expression of RANKL and Wnt3a in the pressure side of periodontal tissue. Results: Rats in the physiological saline group showed crude surfaces of the root of tooth and alveolar bone at the pressure area of the maxillary first molar and narrowed space of the periodontium, and bone resorption pits and osteoclasts could be observed. Rats in various dosage of icariin group displayed that the space of the periodontium tended to recover normally, and significantly reduced bone resorption pits could be noted. RANKL and Wnt3a expressed on both the physiological saline and icariin groups in the pressure zone of periodontal tissue. Compared with the saline group, the expression of RANKL was significantly decreased in the pressure side of periodontal tissue in the different dosage of icariin groups, and the expression of Wnt3a were significantly increased. Furthermore, the expression of RANKL was decreased gradually with the increase of dosage (P<0.05). And the expression of Wnt3a was increased gradually with the increase of dosage (P<0.05). Conclusions: Different dosage of icariin could reduce the expressions of RANKL and increase the expression of Wnt3a in the periodontal tissue remodeling during OTM. and its effect has certain correlation with its dosage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the value of parameters derived from intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in differentiating histopathological subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods Between May 2014 and December 2015, a total of 69 patients who were surgically and pathologically diagnosed as renal cell carcinoma were recruited for the study. We examined 61 clear cell RCC (ccRCC), and 8 non-clear cell carcinoma (non-ccRCC, including 7 chromophobe RCC and 1 papillary RCC). All the ccRCC were divided into well differentiated group (n=46), moderately differentiated group (n=8), and poorly differentiated group (n=7). In addition to routine renal magnetic resonance imaging examination performed on a 3.0-Tesla MR system, all patients were imaged with axial intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging. Using biexponential model, we calculated the diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f). Results The D and f values of the ccRCC were higher (each P<0.05) than that for non-ccRCC [D (1.29±0.30)×10-3mm2/s, D* (42.92±20.21)×10-3mm2/s, and f (35.71±6.61)% versus D (0.78±0.23)×10-3mm2/s, D* (32.60±11.33)×10-3mm2/s, and f (21.52±8.44)% ]. In the well differentiated group of ccRCC, we found D of (1.36±0.29)×10-3mm2/s, D* (38.39±18.51)×10-3mm2/s, and f (36.40±6.96)%. The D, D*, f values of moderately differentiated lesions were (1.10±0.24)×10-3mm2/s, (59.90±20.23)×10-3 mm2/s, and (32.88±4.02)%, respectively, those of the poorly differentiated group were (1.03±0.16)×10-3mm2/s, (53.28±18.74)×10-3mm2/s, and (34.42±6.21)%. The well differentiated group of ccRCC showed a higher D value than the moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated groups (each P<0.05). D* values were significantly lower for the well differentiated group than for the moderately differentiated group (P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of D values were 90.2% and 87.5% when focusing on the differentiation of ccRCC. For the diagnosis of ccRCC, the sensitivity and specificity of f values were 98.4% and 75.0%, respectively. Conclusions IVIM-DWI can provide certain reliable value in evaluating pathological subtype and differentiation degree of renal cell carcinomas. D and f values are useful to distinguish ccRCC from non-ccRCC. D value is also promising for estimating the differentiation degree of ccRCC, and to indicate the biological behavior of RCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]