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Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Mining Magazine is the property of China Mining Magazine Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Modern Preventive Medicine is the property of Modern Preventive Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To address the issues of complex disturbance and input saturation that affect the trajectory tracking accuracy of the robotic manipulator, an adaptive integrated sliding mode control technique based on input saturation compensation was proposed. Firstly, an auxiliary function was designed based on the adaptive control method to get rid of the input saturation trait. Secondly, the trajectory tracking control law was designed by the estimated upper limit of complex disturbance and the non-singular integral terminal sliding mode control method, which made the tracking error converge to the zero neighborhood quickly and weakened chattering. The Lyapunov stability theorem was used to demonstrate that the algorithm could ensure the finite-time convergence of trajectory tracking error. Finally, the effectiveness of the adaptive non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control method was verified by comparing with the existing control methods through simulation and experimentation. The results show that each joint of the manipulator can track the desired trajectory within 0.5 s and 0.8 s in simulation and experiment, respectively, and the tracking error can be reduced to 1.2×10-3 rad and 8.7×10-3 rad, which can effectively solve the input saturation problem of the manipulator and lessen the influence of complex disturbance on the control accuracy of the system trajectory tracking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The aims of this study are to elucidate the relationship between the production-living-ecological functions in Hubei Province and the role of their influencing factors on the spatial layout of the territorial space, and to provide theoretical support for optimizing the development and protection pattern of the territorial space. [Methods] The framework of ‘function evaluation-quantification of relationships-identification of mechanisms’ was follows to evaluate the production-living-ecology functions based on the grid scale, and the root mean square error (RMSE) model and geographical detector model were used to explore the spatiotemporal pattern and influencing factors of spatial functional trade-off relationships, respectively, which broke through the limitations of existing studies on the dynamic evolution of spatial function relationships at the microscopic scale. [Results] (1) From 2000 to 2020, the production and living functions of the region had been improved, with significant changes in the high areas of Wuhan City and low areas of the western mountainous areas of Hubei, expanding by 538.54 km~2 and 14 207.47 km² respectively. The overall ecological function had weakened, and the reduction in the high areas of the four mountainous regions had been marked, with an average annual decrease of 1 009.50 km². (2) During the study period, the intensity of production-living function trade-off was characterized by a ‘Λ’-shaped evolution, and the spatial layout showed an ‘expansion of low-value areas and contraction of high-value areas’, especially in the central and western parts of Suizhou City and the main urban area of Wuhan City. The change patterns of production-ecological function intensity and living-ecological function intensity were similar, with an inverted N-shaped evolution trend, but the spatial distribution pattern differed significantly, showing a ‘high in the middle and low around’ distribution pattern and a center-periphery spatial layout, respectively. (3) In 2000—2005, 2005—2010, 2010—2015, and 2015—2020, the dynamic changes of the production-life function trade-off index were especially prominent in the main urban areas of one provincial center of Wuhan and two provincial sub-centers of Xiangyang and Yichang, some counties and districts of Wuhan Metropolitan Area and mountainous areas of western Hubei Province. The significant changes of production-ecological function trade-off index and living-ecological function trade-off index mainly distributed in four mountainous areas and some counties and districts of Jianghan Plain in Hubei Province. (4) Population density, GDP, and human activity intensity were the main drivers of the territorial spatial functional trade-off relationship. [Conclusion] The overall level of synergy among the production-living-ecological functions in Hubei Province is improving, and socio-economic activities have a greater impact on the coordinated development of the production-living-ecological functions, which should be followed up by strengthening the territorial space control and management in accordance with the local conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology is the property of Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To explore the relationship between the levels of serum uric acid (UA), cystatin C (CysC) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated with leukoaraiosis. Methods: 113 patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated with leukoaraiosis admitted to the 960 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army from March 2020 to December 2022 were selected, the levels of serum UA, CysC and Lp-PLA2 were detected. Followed up for 1 month, the patients were divided into good prognosis group (0 ~ 2 scores, 75 cases) and poor prognosis group (3 scores and above, 38 cases) according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of poor prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated with leukoaraiosis, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the value of serum UA, CysC and Lp-PLA2 in predicting poor prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated with leukoaraiosis. Results: The levels of serum UA, CysC, and Lp-PLA2 in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that severe white matter lesions, high NIHSS score at admission, and high levels of serum UA, CysC, and Lp-PLA2 were risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated with leukoaraiosis (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of combined serum UA, CysC, and Lp-PLA2 to predict the prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated with leukoaraiosis was 0.916, which was higher than the individual prediction. Conclusion: The elevated levels of serum UA, CysC, and Lp-PLA2 in patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated with leukoaraiosis were associated with poor prognosis, the combination of serum UA, CysC, and Lp-PLA2 had a higher predictive value for poor prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated with leukoaraiosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The combination assessments of agrometeorological condition, growing suitability, agrometeorological disasters and their impacts on development and yield for autumn harvest crops were conducted by the usage of multiple methods including agrometeorological index, growing suitability model and agrometeorological disaster index, based on the meteorology observations in the year of 2023 and 1991-2020 from 2433 stations, as well as the development stage observations from agrometeorological stations. The results shown that there were suitable radiation and temperature condition, plenty precipitation, less occurrence and low intensity in agriculture drought, cold stress, heat stress and cold dew wind, benefiting better growing for autumn harvest crops during growing season in the year of 2023. However, some disadvantages were declared, such as severe waterlogging induced by heavy precipitation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Northeast China, extreme heat stress during summer in North China, Huanghuai and Xinjiang, periodical cold stress during spring in northern regions, local cold dew wind for double-season late rice in Hunan and Hubei, long drought duration during spring in southern Southeast China, as well as periodical drought during summer in some northern regions, that threaten development for autumn harvest crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Forest Products Industry is the property of China Forest Products Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University is the property of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cotton Textile Technology is the property of Cotton Textile Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cotton Textile Technology is the property of Cotton Textile Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Department of Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology is the property of Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the position sensorless control method of permanent magnet synchronous moto r(PMSM) based on fluctuating high-frequency signal injection, the use of band pass filter(BPF)increases the system phase delay, resulting in poor observation performance, we proposed an optimized fluctuating high-frequency signal injection for position sensorless control method using second order-second order generalized integrator(SO-SOGI). Firstly, a method was designed to use SO-SOGI to observe PMSM rotor position and speed information. Secondly, the amplitude frequency characteristics of the SO-SOGI used at the center frequency were analyzed, and it was verified that SO-SOGI has good fundamental extraction ability and inner loop negative feedback adjustment mechanism, which can output specific frequency signals without phase delay issues. Finally, simulation verification was conducted using MATLAB/Simulink. The results show that the accuracy of rotor position estimation during static operation is improved by about 0.7 rad, verifying that the method has good position estimation accuracy and improves the reliability of the system; The speed estimation error during dynamic operation is reduced by about 62.5%. The method can effectively adapt to changes at low speeds and the system's anti-interference performance is improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polymer Materials Science & Engineering is the property of Sichuan University, Polymer Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To explore the occurrence and characteristics of neutropenia induced by clopidogrel, so as to provide reference for clinical safe drug use. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Data and VIP database were retrieved to collect the literature of neutropenia induced by clopidogrel from the establishment of the database to Mar. 2023, and statistical analysis was conducted on patients’ information, drug use, neutrophil count, complications, clinical interventions and outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 29 cases from 27 articles were identified and included in the analysis. There were 18 males (62. 1%) and 11 females (37. 9%). The age of the patients was from 33 to 90 years old, with an average of (68. 1±13. 7) years. And 23 cases (79. 3%) were ≥60 years old. Totally 19 cases (65. 5%) developed neutropenia within 30 d after treatment, 17 cases (58. 6%) suffered severe neutropenia, and 15 cases ( 51. 7%) accompanied with fever. After drug withdrawal, administration of granulocyte colonystimulating factor and broad-spectrum antibiotics, 26 cases (89. 7%) had good prognosis and 3 cases (10. 3%) died. CONCLUSIONS: Neutropenia induced by clopidogrel mostly occurs within 30 d after administration, and is characterized by severe granulocytosis. In the early stage of clinical application of clopidogrel, blood routine monitoring should be strengthened, and once neutropenia is found, the drug should be stopped in time, granulocyte colonystimulating factor and anti-infection therapy can be given if necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society is the property of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A scheme for preparation of 4 - qubit supersinglets in microwave cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) based on the resonant atom - cavity interaction via two - photon process is proposed. Initially, cavities are only prepared in the vacuum states and a three - level S - style Rydberg atom is prepared in the excited state, and then, the atom is sequentially sent through four cavities . After an appropriate atom - cavity interaction process and measurement on the atomic state, these cavities will be projected onto the supersinglets with maximum fidelity. The influence of atom - cavity coupling constant on fidelity as well as the practical feasibility of the scheme are discussed. Numerical calculation demonstrates that the fidelity is more sensitive to the interaction time for a larger coupling constant when the detuning equals to zero, and the fidelity of the entangled state varies with the interaction time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing is the property of Editorial Department of Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Detergent & Cosmetics is the property of Detergent & Cosmetics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Psychological Science is the property of Psychological Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences is the property of Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences is the property of Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Forest Products Industry is the property of China Forest Products Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Railway Standard Design is the property of Railway Standard Design Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences is the property of Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Management & Technology Discussion is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】 The production mode of Hainan longan can be divided into natural flowering on-season longan and off-season longan induced by potassium chlorate. Reasonable fruit loading is extremely important to maintain tree vigor and avoid alternate bearing results. The fruit loading regulation modes in the production of on-season and off-season longan are greatly different. The fruit setting amount of on-season longan is great, which seriously affects the tree vigor and fruit quality, while off-season longan fruit abscission before harvest is a common phenomenon, which seriously affects the yield. Therefore, fruit thinning of on-season longan and fruit preserving of off-season longan are equally important in the production. 【Method】 The main cultivar Shixia longan was used as the test material, and two tests including fruit thinning of on-season longan and fruit preserving of off-season long were set. The fruit thinning effect was studied by treating the longan ears with different fruit thinning agents, and the fruit preserving effect was studied with the treatment of different fruit preserving agents after artificially induced fruit abscission of off-season longan.【Result】 By tracking and monitoring the fruit abscission rate and the separation force of the pedicel abscission layer, it was found that IAA and DMTU treatments delayed fruit abscission process for 2 days, 2,4-D and NAA treatments delayed the fruit abscission process for 3 days in off-season longan, but neither of them could prevent fruit abscission. Treatment of fruit substituted by IAA completely inhibited the pedicel separation in off-season longan. Girdling treatment could induce 100% of on-season longan fruit abscission within 6 days; different concentrations of ethephon, paraquat and 100 g/L urea treatment could induce 11.88%-53.05%, 29.23% and 35.43% of fruit abscission respectively within 10 days. After 10 days, there was very little fruit abscission under urea treatment, while other treatments showed sustained fruit abscission. 【Conclusion】 The results show that carbohydrate stress, paraquat, ethephon and urea treatment can induce the abscission layer separation of longan pedicel, and these agents have a fruit thinning effect on onseason longan. IAA, 2,4-D, NAA, DMTU can delay the abscission layer separation of fruit pedicel, which can effectively delay the abscission of off-season longan before harvest. All the treatments that can enhance the IAA signal can play a role in fruit preserving, while all the treatments that reduce the synthesis and transport of IAA and the treatments that enhance the ethylene signal have effects on fruit thinning. Therefore, in terms of production, it is suggested that measures should be taken to thin the fruit of on-season longan as early as possible to reduce the consumption of carbohydrates and then ensure the quality and yield of the fruits. In the middle fruiting period of off-season longan, certain fruit preserving measures should be taken to ensure the accumulation of IAA in the fruit to avoid the abscission of fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tunnel Construction / Suidao Jianshe (Zhong-Yingwen Ban) is the property of Tunnel Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)