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Objective To investigate the risk factors of hemorrhagic pituitary adenoma apoplexy. Methods The clinical date of 875 patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma from January 2010 to January 2021 in the Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were analyzed retrospectively. According to the occurrence of pituitary adenoma hemorrhagic stroke, the patients were divided into stroke group (88 cases) and non-stroke group (787 cases). The risk factors affecting the occurrence of pituitary adenoma hemorrhagic stroke were screened by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The proportion of bromocriptine therapy, the history of taking antithrombotic drugs, recurrent or residual tumor, and the history of intervention operation in the patient with pituitary apoplexy were higher than those without pituitary apoplexy. The proportion of microadenoma in pituitary adenoma apoplexy group was lower than non-apoplexy group. The difference between the two groups has statistical significance (P＜0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that macroadenoma (OR=0.189, 95%CI:0.069-0.522, P=0.001), the history of taking antithrombotic drugs (OR=4.168, 95%CI:1.611-10.785, P=0.003), bromocriptine therapy (OR=2.912, 95%CI:1.156-7.34, P=0.023) and recurrent or residual tumor (OR=2.787, 95%CI:1.179-6.59, P=0.020) were independent risk factors of pituitary apoplexy. Conclusion The risk factors of hemorrhagic pituitary apoplexy are macroadenoma, the history of taking antithrombotic drugs, bromocriptine therapy and recurrent or residual tumor. Objective To investigate the risk factors of hemorrhagic pituitary adenoma apoplexy. Methods The clinical date of 875 patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma from January 2010 to January 2021 in the Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were analyzed retrospectively. According to the occurrence of pituitary adenoma hemorrhagic stroke, the patients were divided into stroke group (88 cases) and non-stroke group (787 cases). The risk factors affecting the occurrence of pituitary adenoma hemorrhagic stroke were screened by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The proportion of bromocriptine therapy, the history of taking antithrombotic drugs, recurrent or residual tumor, and the history of intervention operation in the patient with pituitary apoplexy were higher than those without pituitary apoplexy. The proportion of microadenoma in pituitary adenoma apoplexy group was lower than non-apoplexy group. The difference between the two groups has statistical significance (P＜0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that macroadenoma (OR=0.189, 95%CI:0.069-0.522, P=0.001), the history of taking antithrombotic drugs (OR=4.168, 95%CI:1.611-10.785, P=0.003), bromocriptine therapy (OR=2.912, 95%CI:1.156-7.34, P=0.023) and recurrent or residual tumor (OR=2.787, 95%CI:1.179-6.59, P=0.020) were independent risk factors of pituitary apoplexy. Conclusion The risk factors of hemorrhagic pituitary apoplexy are macroadenoma, the history of taking antithrombotic drugs, bromocriptine therapy and recurrent or residual tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of pituitary adenomas with xanthogranuloma. Methods The clinical data of 5 cases of pituitary adenomas with xanthogranuloma underwent operation were analyzed retrospectively, and the pathology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, imaging features and treatment of this entity were analyzed in combination with the literature. Results Preoperative MRI showed two patients had high signal on T1 WI and T2 WI in pituitary adenomas. All of the 5 patients underwent operation. Yellow liquid contents were found in 2 cases during operation, and hemosiderosis was found in 3 cases after operation. Temporary diabetes insipidus occurred in 3 cases after operation, and the symptoms were improved after symptomatic treatment. One patient needed long-term hormone replacement therapy. Conclusions Various degrees of anterior pituitary dysfunction is the clinical feature of pituitary adenomas with xanthogranuloma. The possibility of pituitary adenomas with xanthogranuloma should be considered when MRI suggests that pituitary adenomas present high signal cysts in both T1 WI and T2 WI. Imaging and pathology examination find the presence of hemosiderin suggests that xanthogranuloma may be associated with multiple minor bleeding events of pituitary adenomas. Surgical treatment can lead to a good prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore how the recycle logistics effect supply chain performance, the study constructed a closed supply chain system dynamics model, which was composed by demand,manufacture,supplier and recycler. The research considered the constraint condition for the ability of supply and forbidding return,which made the system more complicated and become nonlinear system. The experiments simulated the dynamic changes under different shortage polices of whether permitting delay delivery or not. The result shows that the return logistics would amplify the bullwhip effect under the condition of not permitting delay deliver)'. While under the condition of permitting delay delivery, the recycle logistics can partly dampen the bullwhip effect in some certain conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamics feature of complex supply chain system is one of the basic questions of supply chain research. In order to understand the formation and evolution of supply chain system dynamics features clearly, the paper constructed inventory system model in supply chain. The model considered two factors, nonnegative restrictions about order quantity and lead time at the same time so that it was more real, but simultaneously the system was more complex, in which there was time delay and nonlinear. The research analysed the complex system features by max Lyapunov exponents. The simulation results give the stability inventory policy regions under different lead time. This paper also discussed a kind of common inventory policies at great length. For certain inventory policy, there are some policy parameters to guarantee the system running stability, although these parameters can cause complex dynamics behavior of supply chain system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the purpose of measuring the effect of risk preference to the complex supply chain, this paper built the dynamic supply chain system model which was supported by information system and was closed to the real situation. In order to analyze supply chain dynamic evolution behavior what was affected by decision makers risk preference under the different shortage polices, it described the phase diagrams about inventory and order quantity. The simulation experiments show that the complex supply chain system has some regularity under the certain conditions. When the order decisions were disturbed by the risk preference, the chaotic behavior was caused. The decision makers should be very careful to the shortage phenomenon because the non-rational reaction to the shortage would cause more and more complex system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]