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C型肝炎ウイルス（HCV）感染者は、世界に１億人以上いるとされている。先進国では先端的な医薬品の開発で、HCVを病原とする慢性及び急性C型肝炎の治癒率は飛躍的に高まった。一方、世界には経済的に、また医療体制の問題から、それら先端医薬品を手に入れ難い地域も多い。我々は安価で、また手に入れやすいC型肝炎治療薬を開発するために、各地の伝統薬物（生薬）に着目した。特にタンニンを多く含んだ13生薬を選び、メタノールエキスを作成した。HCVの感染に必須であるHCVタンパク質分解酵素を、大腸菌で生成し、この組み換え酵素に対する阻害効果をスクリーニングした。13のエキスのうち６のエキスの100 μg/mlに、90％以上のHCVタンパク質分解酵素阻害効果を認めた。ポリフェノール含量の高いエキス（800-1500 μgGAE/ml）が阻害効果も高い傾向であったが、阿仙薬エキスはポリフェノール含量が高い（1300 μgGAE/ml以上）にも係らず、ほとんど阻害効果がなかった。一方柿蔕エキスは、ポリフェノール含量は比較的低かったが（400 μgGAE/ml以下）、高い阻害活性が認められ、ポリフェノールの種類によっても、阻害活性が異なることが示唆された。今後柿蔕の活性成分について、さらに詳しく研究する。, Aiming at finding novel hepatits C virus (HCV) drugs having easier access and requiring less economical burden, we studied on crude drugs for anti HCV protease activity. Thirteen crude drugs which are known rich in tannins were selected, since we had found peel and seeds of a tropical fruit in Peru, Camu camu, and their tannic ingredients were effectively inhibited the recombinant HCV protease. Methanolic extracts of the crude drugs were tested for inhibitory activity on the enzyme reaction, and 6 of them at a concentration of 100 μg/ml inhibited the reaction more than 90 %. Five of these effective extracts contained as much as 800-1500 μgGAE/ml phenolics, but the extract of kaki calyx (KC) contained less than 400 μgGAE/ml. On the other hand, that of gambir (Ga), which contained more than 1300 μgGAE/ml phenolics, did not effectively inhibit the reaction. We now focus on the effective ingredients contained in the extract of KC.

本研究において、我々は、企業の組織の活性化について検討した。組織の活性化を考える上で、目的変数を「組織の活性化」をとし、説明変数を「マネジャーのリーダーシップ行動」と組織メンバーの「心理的エンパワーメント」というモデルを考えた。このモデルにもとづいて、必要とされる各変数を質問項目におきかえ、アンケート調査をおこなった。被験者数は、171人(N=171)であった。このデータをもとに、因子分析をおこなった。この結果は、次の通りである。2つの説明変数は、「主成分1(面倒見行動)」、「主成分2(有能感)」、「主成分3(自己決定)」、「主成分4(ビジョン)」の合計4つの主成分が抽出された。目的変数は、「主成分1(革新性)」と「主成分2(人間関係の満足度)」の合計2つの主成分が抽出された。この結果、説明変数と目的変数は、それぞれ1つの変数として特定できたのである。, In this research, we examined the rejuvenation of the organization of the enterprise. We regarded the model in thinking about "the rejuvenation of the organization". The objective variable is "rejuvenation of the organization. "Explaining variable is "the leadership behavior of manager" and the organization member's "psychological empowerment". Each variable was made based on this model and the question item was made. And, the questionnaire survey was done. The number of testees are 171 persons (N=171). The factors were analyzed based on this data. This result is as follows. As for the explaining variable, the principal ingredient of four totals has been extracted. They are "principal ingredient1 (mentoring), "principal ingredient2 (competence)", "principal ingredient3 (self-decision)", and "principal ingredient4 (vision)". As for a target variable, the principal ingredient of two totals has been extracted. They are "principal ingredient1 (innovation)" and "principal ingredient 2 (satisfaction of the interpersonal relationship)". As a result, an explaining variable and a target variable were able respectively to be specified for one variable.

本研究では、現代企業が抱える課題として、組織の活性化について検討してみた。組織の活性化を考えるに当たり、その源泉を組織能力に求め、この基本要素であるマネジャーに着目した。特に、この役割のうちリーダーシップ行動という概念に注目した。しなしながら、マネジャーのリーダーシップの代替要因として、人材の能力発揮が考えられるため、人材にも着目した。これは、潜在的な能力発揮という視点から心理的に動機づけられた状態、すなわちエンパワーメントという概念に注目した。これらの2つの要素の議論がこれまでどの様に行われてきたかを歴史的に検討した。具体的には、マネジャーの役割としてのリーダーシップ行動、そして、人材の心理的エンパワーメントが十分に機能するならば、現代企業の組織は活性化すると本研究では考えた。, In this research, the rejuvenation of the organization was examined as a problem that the modern enterprise had. The source was requested from the organizational ability when thinking about the rejuvenation of the organization, and it paid attention to the manager who was this basic element. Especially, the concept of lead action of these roles was paid to attention. It does it paid attention to talent because the talent's ability demonstrating was thought as an alternative factor of manager's lead though it was none. This was paid to attention from the aspect of a potential ability demonstrating to the concept of state psychologically motivated ,that is,, that is, the empowerment. Whether these two elements had been discussed like any current was historically examined. Concretely, it was thought that the organization of the modern enterprise was rejuvenated if a lead action as manager's role and talent's psychological empowerment functioned enough in this research.

Neisseria sicca, N. mucosa and N. subflava were coaggregated with Streptococcus mutans, S. sobrinus, S. sanguis, S. gordonii, Actinomyces viscosus, A. naeslundii, or Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum. These coaggregations were not inhibited by amino acids, sugars, or EDTA, and suggesting that heat stable cell surface factors from the heat treatment of each kind of cell are involved in the coaggregation. Culture supernatant of N. sicca, N. mucosa, and N. subflava aggregated with S. sanguis, A. viscosus and A. naeslundii. These culture supernatants promoted coaggregation among the microorganisms which do not occur each other in the native cells. These results suggest that N. sicca, N. mucosa and N. subflava, early colonizers, are associated with dental plaque formation, followed by participation of secondary colonizers and the initial steps of cariogenic bacteria adherence.

Porphyromonas gingivalis coaggregation with Propionibacterium acnes and P. avidum was observed. These coaggregations were inhibited with L-arginine, L-lysine, L-cysteine and L-histidine. Heat- and proteinase K-treatment experiments indicated that cell surface heat labile-protein factors of P. gingivalis may adhere to the cell surface of heat-stable protein factors of P. acnes and P. avidum. Both P. gingivalis cells and vesicles promoted the coaggregation of P. acnes to the partner cell with which native P. acnes cells do not ordinarily coaggregate. It was confirmed that supernatants containing menadione like substances of P. acnes and P. avidum stimulated the growth of P. gingivalis in vitro, suggesting that these coaggregations play an important role in the growth of P. gingivalis in subgingival biofilms and in the progress of periodontal disease.