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High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved nuclear and non histone proteins, cell, which is caused by the damage or passive release of apoptotic and necrotic cells, as well as the pathogenic factors and active secretions. It can be released into the extra-cellular space during necrosis of all eukaryotic cells. Besides, more and more evidences have shown that the extracellular HMGB1 may be a very potential underlying inflammatory mediator. It has been reported that HMGB1 could serve as an important inflammatory cytokine through binding with its specific receptors. HMGB1 has effect on the inflammation, and the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Therefore, HMGB1 may be a therapeutic target for the clinical management of coronary artery inflammatory diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]