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Objective: To investigate the feasibility and mechanism of anti-CD90 monoclonal antibody in the treatment of melanoma. Methods: hi this study, the possibility of anti-CD90 monoclonal antibody to induce the B16 cell line apoptosis in vitro was analyzed by flow cytometry firstly. Afterwards, the murine melanoma model was established by subcutaneously injecting B16 cells into C57BL/6J mice, then evaluated the anti-tumor effect of anti-CD90 monoclonal antibody by comparing the size and weight of the tumors. The formation and distribution of neovascularization in tumor tissues were detected by iinmunohistochemistry, for comparing the microvascular density in the control group and the therapy group. Results: Although anti-CD90 monoclonal antibody could not directly induce the apoptosis of B16 cells, it could inhibit the progress of melanoma in mice in situ (p=0.049), and the neovascularization in therapy group was significantly reduced. The t-test results showed that there was a significant difference in microvascular density between the treatment group and the control group (p=0.011). Conclusions: Anti-C'D90 monoclonal antibody can inhibit the development of melanoma by inhibiting the formation of neovascularization in tumor tissue, so as to acliieve the effect of melanoma treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]