Search

As a major multi-departmental coordination mechanism in Chinese government and politics, the “leading group” has long been regarded as an effective institutional design to solve the coordination dilemma of bureaucracy. However, in recent years, the phenomenon of “leading-group failure” has appeared in more and more emergency management practices, and a large number of “working groups” and “working teams” have emerged. Existing research lacks systematic examination of these new phenomena, and especially lacks in-depth research on the internal mechanisms and applicable situations of them. Through a participatory observation of an emergency management work in W City, the authors conducted a single case analysis of two organizational debuggings in W City in an emergency management situation. After serious governance failures occurred in the early stages of emergency management. W City replaced the "leading group" with "working groups" and "working teams", and subsequently achieved significant improvements. Because the high- pressure work situation fully tests the organizational effectiveness of different organizational forms, it provides us with an observation perspective from a natural experiment. W City has a large population, a long emergency management cycle, clear organizational adjustment points, and significant contrast in the effects of pre- and post- treatment, making it a persuading example. Through multiple rounds of interviews with relevant staff in W City, as well as the collection of secondary data such as public data, news reports, policy documents, etc., this article has various sources of evidence. After forming the first draft of the research report, it was checked with the interviewees to meet the validity of the case-construction related conditions. This article defines the formal and informal forms of administrative knowledge and political authority, and uses this as a framework to analyze the types and applicable situations of the three mechanisms. The study believes that the "leading group" is power-oriented and is suitable for pioneering situations; the "working group" is task-oriented and is suitable for overall-planning situations; the "working team" is resource-oriented and is suitable for focal situations. Compared with existing research, this article expands on the following three aspects: first, this article enriches the theoretical discussion of the coordination mechanism literature with typology research, and focusing on two types of mechanism that have received little attention before especially by comparing them with the "leading group" in the same situation; secondly, this article brings Weber's bureaucracy theory back to the analytical framework of the coordination mechanism, trying to transcend the research perspective that taking collaborative governance as the opposite of bureaucracy; thirdly, this article combines relevant discussions on traditional Chinese political culture to propose formal and informal definitions of administrative knowledge and political authority, and transfers the tacit knowledge concept that has been widely discussed in the field of knowledge management to administrative work, and the nature of the position is also included in the perspective of political authority production, which expands the scope of interpretation of this concept. As a basic theory for understanding modern government, bureaucracy has experienced ups and downs along with the wave of administrative reform, while its relationship with the multi-departmental coordination mechanism has not been fully discussed at the theoretical level. The research in this article is instructive for understanding the "constancy" and "change" of bureaucracy in the new era, and helps to make targeted deployment according to the types and characteristics of the coordination mechanism in practical work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To analyze the clinical characteristics and genotype of a patient with congenital systemic lipodystrophy (CGL) type 1 associated with exudative xanthoma caused by AGPAT2 gene mutation, and to provide evidence for clinical and genetic diagnosis of the disease. Methods Clinical data of the patient such as medical history, physical examination and laboratory examination were collected. Peripheral venous blood was collected for whole exome sequencing analysis and Sanger sequencing verification, and treatment was provided to patients according to the changes of condition. Results The clinical manifestations of the patient were subcutaneous fat reduction, fatty liver, spleen enlargement, kidney enlargement, high blood sugar and lipids, severe insulin resistance, scattered yellow rash on limbs, which was confirmed as xanthoma. The results of whole exon sequencing showed that the AGPAT2 gene of the patient had a heterozygous nonsense mutation of c. 202C>T:p. R68 and c. 646A>T:p. K216, and the former was the pathogenic mutation site. Follow-up therapy covers improvement of lifestyle, low-fat diet and regular exercise. The rashes subsided after active lipid-lowering therapy. Conclusions Apart from typical lipodystrophy, the patient was accompanied by exanthemous xanthoma. No CGLI patient with exanthemous xanthoma has been reported in the domestic literature database up to now, and the genetic test results showed that there was a c. 202C>T heterozygous mutation of AGPAT2 gene. This gene site has not been reported in the literature, and its functional verification needs to be further studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the preparation method of acetanilide, which is commonly taught in current undergraduate experimental courses, is improved. While acetic acid and aniline were used as starting materials in the improved method, zinc powder was replaced with stannous chloride (which is listed as an easy-to-make tube explosion product) as a reducing agent to prevent aniline from being oxidized. At the same time, p-toluene sulfonic acid was added as a catalyst. A fixed bed dehydration reflux device was used instead of the classical fractionation device, and a packed rectification column was used as the fixed bed. The column was filled with glass spring packing, a 4A molecular sieve and color-changing silica gel from bottom to top in turn. During the reaction, distilled water and acetic acid were fractionated by the glass spring packing, acetic acid was refluxed to the reaction flask, and water was absorbed by the 4A molecular sieve and color-changing silica gel. After absorbing water, the color of the silica gel changed from orange to green, which is a clear indication of the reaction process. The improved experiment does not require control reagents, the reaction time is shortened, and the phenomenon is rich, making it more suitable for undergraduate teaching. In addition, two extended experiments were designed in this study, which can be selected according to the needs of teaching. One is to prepare phenyl 4-acetylaminoacetate from acetanilide; the second is to determine the unreacted aniline content in the waste liquid by constant pH titration. This modified experimental procedure employs extraction, column chromatography, titration, and data processing and analysis, which can effectively improve the comprehensive experimental ability of the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of seven kinds of 16 common roughages of Yunnan mutton sheep were collected from southern (Honghe), northern (Qujing), western (Chuxiong, Dali) and central (Kunming) of Yunnan Province, respectively. Cornell net carbohydrate protein system (CNCPS) was used to evaluate the nutritional value of common roughages of Yunnan meat sheep. The results showed that among 16 roughage samples, the non-protein nitrogen (PA) content of corn silage in central region was the highest, and the barley stalk in northern region was the lowest. The content of rapidly degradable true protein (PB1) in broad bean bran in western region was the highest, and the highland barley stem in northern region was the lowest. The carbohydrate (CHO) content of wheat straw in central region was the highest, the CHO content of corn silage was significantly higher than that of other roughages except the central wheat straw (P<0.05), and CHO content of ryegrass in central region was the lowest. The experiment indicates that corn silage in western China has lower content of unavailable fiber and protein, higher nutritional value, and can be used as a kind of high-quality fiber feed resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Saddle point problems exist in many engineering research areas such as fluid mechanics， electromagnetism， optimization problems， the least squares problems， elliptic partial differential equations， and etc. Based on SOR-Like methods in combination of the concept of HS splitting， a new iteration splitting improvement method was presented so as to apply the classic saddle point solutions to special saddle point problems. Then， the MSOR-Like method was proposed to handle the above special saddle point system containing asymmetric blocks， and the convergence analysis as well as the selection of optimal relaxation parameters were also given. Finally， a numerical example was given to verify different optimal matrix of the modified SOR method， and it was found that the only difference is in the convergence rate while there is no difference in the convergence effect. Furthermore， under the same calculation accuracy， the modified SOR method for solving the special saddle point problems is better than the conventional methods in solving the classical saddle point problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]