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The Yushan archaeological site is located in Zhenhai district, Ningbo city, Zhejiang Province, and it primarily consists of remains from the Hemudu culture and Shang and Zhou dynasties. During excavations conducted from 2013 to 2015, 58 wood samples were collected. The unearthed woods from the Yushan site were identified and belonged to 15 different genera or species, including Cupressus sp., Pinus sp., Castanopsis eyrei, Cyclobalanopsis sp. The research indicated that the early inhabitants of Yushan primarily utilized the surrounding tree resources. Pinus and Cyclobalanopsis wood played a crucial role in the daily lives of the early inhabitants and were widely used as construction materials and living woodwork. Cyclobalanopsis, representing the Fagaceae family of trees, might also provide nuts as a food resource in the early stages of the site and were protected by the early inhabitants. Additionally, Astanopsis eyrei was used to make wooden clogs; Zelkova, Diospyros, and Aphananthe wood were utilized in the construction of trestle bridges; Cyclobalanopsis and Castanopsis eyrei were applied to create wooden spinning tops. Ancient Pinus tree remnants were discovered in the site area, possibly indicating a manifestation of the early inhabitants' natural deity worship. The early inhabitants of Yushan demonstrated the practice of using local materials and making the most of available resources, providing valuable new materials for exploring the prehistoric utilization patterns of tree resources in the Ningbo-Shaoxing plain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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As one of the world-famous "four dry fruits", Walnut is the homology of medicine and food with high nutritional and medicinal value, which also offers human wood and the living environment. With extensive research on the archaeology of environment and plants, more and more walnut remains were excavated in archaeological sites and strata, providing us with first-hand material to learn the origin and long history of walnut. China is one of the origins of walnut, which can be shown in the discovery of walnut leaves, nut fossils, pollen and charred or non-charred remains. According to ancient codes and records about walnut utilization, China has a long history of walnut cultivation. Our smart and diligent predecessors accumulated rich experience of walnut utilization and created a splendid walnut culture. A further exploration of walnut history and culture has great practical significance to the development of walnut industry, income growth of farmers and the construction of beautiful new countryside in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]