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Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with severe novel coronavirus infection. Methods　Patients with severe novel coronavirus infection who were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University (First People′s Hospital of Yinchuan City) from December 20, 2022 to January 20, 2023 were selected as research subjects. Gender, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), acid-base balance related indicators in arterial blood [pH, partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), standard bicarbonate (SB), actual bicarbonate (AB), actual residual base (BD), lactic acid] and venous blood electrolyte related indicators (K+, Na+, Cl-, Ca2+, P3+) were collected. The patients were divided into diabetes group and non diabetes group according to whether they had T2DM. The diagnosis of T2DM was based on the Chinese guidelines for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes (2020 Edition). Comparisons between the two groups were conducted using t-test, χ2-test or Fisher′s test. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between pH and PO2 with various clinical indicators. Results　A total of 61 patients were included, including 31 patients in the diabetes group, 11 males and 20 females; there were 30 cases in non diabetes group, 17 males and 13 females. Compared with the non diabetes group, the FPG in the diabetes group was higher (P<0.001). The results showed that the arterial blood PO2, SB, AB and BD of patients with diabetes were lower than those of patients without diabetes; arterial blood lactate was higher (P<0.05); and both groups of patients had lower levels of PO2 and PCO2 than normal, while arterial blood lactate levels were higher than normal. The water and electrolyte indexes of the patients were analyzed. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in K+, Na+, Cl-, Ca2+, P3+in venous blood between the two groups (P> 0.05), but the Ca2+ in venous plasma of the two groups were lower than the normal level, the K+, Na+, P3+in blood were at the lower limit of normal, and the Cl- in blood was at the upper limit of normal. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that pH was independently and positively with SB (β= 0.800 t=2.33, P=0.24) and BD (β =0.955 t=2.71, P=0.009), and independently and negatively with PCO2 (β =-0.785, t=-4.56, P<0.001), and K+ (β =-0.112, t=-2.13, P=0.038); PO2 was independently positively correlated with Cl- (β =0.240, t=2.09, P=0.041), and independently negatively correlated with FPG (β=-0.266, t=-2.27, P=0.027). Conclusions　T2DM patients with severe novel coronavirus infection have higher blood glucose and more severe electrolyte disorder. Hyperglycemia may be an important reason for the decrease of PO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]