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【要旨】外来思想は特定の地域や国家に受容されるや、同時に変容もおきる。思想を変容させる磁石のような力が働き、それを磁場とよぶ。韓国・朝鮮の思想史ではどのような磁場があったのかを、具体的な社会の特徴的な構造から抽象的な思想の場での概念、理、氣、天などに即して筆者の今までの研究に基づき多面的に、通時代的に論じた。なお都留文科大学研究紀要には筆者は辺英浩（PYON Yong-Ho）と表記した論説があるので参照されたい。

application/pdf, Article, 大阪府立大学工業高等専門学校研究紀要, 2015, 49, p.15-20

本研究では、グラフィックデザインにおける文字の組み方や文章、様々なオブジェクトの配置等、空間性を把握しながらバランス良く適正に構築するには、視覚認知学を基本にした脳におけるリアルな部分を考慮しなければならない。実在の目で確認できる形態だけではなく、発生するエネルギーをベクトルの代替的な示し方を使って、グラフィック空間における磁場の概念を利用した表現方法を考察する。

By making a survey of physics textbooks for the unit "Magnetic force on the current", and a questionnaire for undergraduate students, we found that some students depend on rote learning of physics rules, e.g. the Fleming's left-hand rule, to understand the magnetic force on the current. We proposed an understanding of the force based on Maxwell stress tensor, which represents a nature of magnetic field, by using our teaching material to visualize combined magnetic fields. The material is designed to get a real feeling on the magnetic force on the current. We also conducted a trial class for undergraduate students and got positive reactions for our material.

In order to construct SPSes (Space Power Station) and space stations, much cheaper method to bring material for construction is necessary. Here, the space tugboat is suggested for this purpose, which uses the JxB arc-jet propeller, solar energy and solid propellant. Basic experiment of the JxB arc jet propeller is carried out to obtain large thrust density and stability of the arc-jet. By controlling the magnetic filed, arc gap, electrode length, discharge current, etc., we could obtain high thrust density. In this propeller, carbon and aluminum can be used as propellant., 資料番号: AA0063965025

ElectroDynamic Tether (EDT) is a long, thin conductive string deployed from a spacecraft. Traveling across the geomagnetic field and driving a current inside itself, EDT may be used to reboost/deboost a spacecraft to which EDT is attached. This is made possible by the Lorentz force acting on EDT. It is considered to be an alternative propulsion system for station-keeping, orbit-raising or de-orbiting purpose. EDT needs plasma contactor to collect ionospheric electrons. Bare-tether is one of the most efficient electron collectors. It has an uninsulated portion of the metallic tether itself to collect ionospheric electrons. It is extremely economical propulsion system because it can be operated without propellant. In order to put into practice EDT technology, we still need to solve several problems. One of them is the current-voltage characteristic of an electron collector. There exist some theories. When the radius of the electron collector is smaller than the local Debye length, current collection is limited by Orbital Motion Limit (OML). OML is the upper limit of the current collection in the steady-state collisionless uniform plasma. However, current collection to the bare-tether in space does not always drive OML because it is not taken into account plasma velocity and magnetic field. So ground-based experiments of current collection to a bare-tether were carried out to investigate the influence of surrounding plasma parameters, configuration of bare-tether, magnetic field and plasma velocity on the current-voltage characteristic. An anode-layer-type Hall Thruster was used as a plasma source. We could produce plasma velocity of approximately over 8 km/sec which is orbital velocity in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) where bare-tether is used, varying discharge voltage of Hall thruster. Experimental results showed that plasma velocity and configuration of bare-tether sample affected the current collection. In addition, for all cases, current collection to bare-tether sample was less than that predicted by OML. Accordingly, we need to modify OML when we estimate current collection to bare-tether in space., 資料番号: AA0063965014

宇宙機の精密な3軸姿勢制御を実現する装置として、リアクションホイールが一般的に用いられている。しかし装置が大型になってしまうため小型の宇宙機に搭載するのには適さない。また機械的摺動部を持つために故障を起こす可能性が高い。これらの問題を解決するものとして、3次元リアクションホイールが提案されている。これは、浮上している剛体球に回転磁場を与えることで剛体球内に渦電流を発生させ、それにより得られるローレンツ力を駆動トルクとして剛体球に角運動量を与えるものである。この装置では、機械的摺動部を持たないために耐故障性の向上が見込まれ、また剛体球を3次元的に回転させることで3軸の姿勢制御が可能であり、装置の小型化につながる。本研究では3次元リアクションホイールを用いた姿勢制御システムについて解析的および実験的に検討を行った。その結果から制御特性を見積もり、従来のリアクションホイールに対する有用性を比較、検証する。さらに、実際に宇宙機に搭載する上での問題点の検討も行う。, This paper presents a novel attitude control device which is called Three Dimensional Reaction Wheel (3DRW). 3DRW consists of only one levitated spherical mass which can rotate around arbitrary axes by rotational magnetic field. This leads to the reduction of the weight and volume of the system as compared to existing reaction wheel. Furthermore, this device has no mechanical contact between rotor and stator, so the failure caused by the mechanical contact would be reduced. In this paper, the results of the analysis and experiment on the dynamics and control of 3DRW are shown. To investigate the dynamics of the rotation mass in a magnetic field without mechanical contact with stator, an air levitation system is used. This makes it possible to control the rotation of mass around arbitrary axes. Furthermore, the characteristic of attitude control using 3DRW is also evaluated, and advantage of 3DRW for very small satellites such as micro-class or nano-class satellite is revealed., 資料番号: AA0063718018

Static magnetic filed was superimposed for surface tension measurement of molten silicon by oscillating droplet method using ElectroMagnetic Levitation (EML). Amplitude of surface oscillation of the m = 0, +/-1 and +/-2 was attenuated with increasing the static magnetic field from 0 to 0.3 T. When the static magnetic field was above 0.4 T, the surface oscillations of m = 0 and +/-1 vanished, whereas only the m = +/-2 oscillation remained at 0.4 - 0.8 T. The oscillation frequencies of m = 0 and +/-1 were increased with increasing static magnetic field, whereas that of m = +/-2 oscillation was constant at 0 - 0.3 T. Although the frequency of the m = +/-2 oscillation became a slightly small at 0.4 T, it kept constant again at 0.4 - 0.8 T. The calculated surface tension of molten silicon was influenced by the static magnetic field. Superimposition of static magnetic filed to EML is not equivalent to the microgravity experiment., 資料番号: AA0063706010

ElectroMagnetic Formation Flight (EMFF) for satellites in LEO (Low Earth Orbit) is discussed. EMFF is a technique to control the satellites' relative position using electromagnetic force without any propellants. It is estimated that the superconductive magnets have capability to produce required magnetic force for formation keeping. The problem to use EMFF in LEO is the huge amount of disturbance torque, caused by enormous magnetic moment and earth magnetic field. Sinusoidal driving of the superconductive coil is proposed for this issue, and novel method is also proposed for magnetic force control using phase difference between the magnetic moments. Proposed methods are evaluated with experiments with actual superconductive coil, and hardware in the loop simulations is also carried out to demonstrate the relative position control capability of proposed system., 資料番号: AA0063718028

Levitation is an elegant method to measure thermophysical properties of high temperature melts, such as molten semiconductors, molten steel and so on. The effect of applying magnetic field and use of microgravity environment are compared. We propose measurement of surface tension by electromagnetic levitation in an atmosphere with various oxygen partial pressures in microgravity on board the airplane under the collaboration with European scientists in a the frame work of collaboration program 'JAXA-ESA Topical Team'., 資料番号: AA0063349043

Magnetic alignment appears in important devices such as a compass, an electric generator or a memory disc; at present, only effects of spontaneous magnetic moments are used. Here we report that alignment occur for ordinary solid that do not contain spontaneous moment; alignment occurred by anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility Delta(sub chi). Rotational oscillation of a magnetically stable axis with respect to static field was observed for biotite, calcite, forsterite, graphite, muscovite, talc and urea at a low field of 0.11 T produced by a horseshoe magnet. Delta(sub chi) above 4 x 10(exp -8) emu/g are obtained from the period of oscillation tau = 2 pi x (I/(M x Delta(sub chi)))(exp -1/2) x B(exp -1); this was realized because restoration torque of the fiber that suspended the crystal was negligible. Sensitivity for measuring Delta(sub chi) can be improved drastically by realizing the oscillation in microgravity, where the fiber itself is deleted; oscillations were achieved for KDP (Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate), gypsum, Rochelle salt and urea at B = 1.3 T. Higher sensitivity is necessary to obtain small Delta(sub chi) values; this can be done by increasing tau according to the above equation, and is realized by a parabolic flight or in an orbital laboratory. Characteristics of spontaneous moment have long been conceived to the public by rotational oscillation of a compass caused by terrestrial field, which led to invention of the above mentioned devices. In a same sense, rotational motions of ordinary crystals reported here may induce new types of applications in various fields that are not related to magnetism at present. Magnetically active property may be recognized for almost all the solid materials when sensitivity of Delta(sub chi) reach the level of 10(exp -11) emu/g in an parabolic flight., 資料番号: AA0063349008

通常、リアクションホイールは機械部を持つ。これにより接触による摩擦が生じるのでリアクションホイールの寿命が短くなる。また、リアクションホイールは剛体となるので設計が固定化される。特に小型衛星と呼ばれるものでは設計の固定化はミッションに制約を課すことに繋がる。これらリアクションホイールを用いることによって生じる問題を解決する1つの手段として本研究は3次元リアクションホイールを提案する。3次元リアクションホイールとは磁気浮上させた剛体球に回転磁場を与えることによって剛体球内に渦電流を誘導し、渦電流と回転磁場によって剛体球にはローレンツ力がかかる。このローレンツ力によって剛体球は回転し、角運動量を発生させる。3次元リアクションホイールは駆動部が浮上しているので機械部を持たない。これにより長期の運用を行う衛星に搭載することが可能となる。また、回転磁場任意軸周りに掛けることができるので3次元での回転が可能となり、1つの機器で3軸の姿勢を制御できる。ここで、重要となるのが剛体球を機械部(モータなど)を用いずに回転させることである。本研究では回転システムについて実験的に検証を行う。まず、剛体球を1次元回転させることによる基礎実験を行う。剛体球の浮上、回転について実験的に検証する。また、実験の結果を踏まえて3次元リアクションホイールのモデル化を行う。, This paper presents a novel attitude control device called 3 Dimensional Reaction Wheel (3DRW). 3DRW consists of a spherical mass which can rotate around arbitrary axes by magnetic levitation. 3DRW is 3-DOF (Degree Of Freedom) device with only one reaction mass which could make it possible to drastically reduce the weight and volume of the system as compared to existing reaction wheel. In addition to that, this device does not have mechanical contact between rotor and stator, so longer operating lifetime can be expected. In this paper, the concept of 3DRW is introduced, and the analysis and the result of simulations on the dynamics of rotation mass in a magnetic field are shown. Also the experiment setup of magnetic levitation and rotating, and its results are presented. Finally it is will mentioned how 3DRW system can be applied effectively for the small satellites., 資料番号: AA0063481020

Magnetic Sail is a deep space propulsion system which captures the momentum of the solar wind by a large artificial magnetic field produced around a spacecraft. To verify the momentum transfer process from the solar wind to the spacecraft, we simulated the interaction between the solar wind and the artificial magnetic field of Magnetic Sail using magnetohydrodynamic model. The result showed the same plasma flow and magnetic field structure as those of the Earth. The change of the solar wind momentum results in a pressure distribution on the magnetopause. The pressure on the magnetopause is then transferred to the spacecraft through the Lorentz force between the induced current along the magnetopause and the current along the coil of the spacecraft. The simulation successfully demonstrated that the solar wind momentum is transferred to the spacecraft via the Lorentz force. The drag coefficient (thrust coefficient) of the Magnetic Sail was estimated to be 5.0., 資料番号: AA0063157009, レポート番号: JAXA-SP-06-014

磁気プラズマセイル(Magneto Plasma Sail; MPS)とは、探査機まわりに磁気圏を形成し、高速のプラズマ流である太陽風を「磁場の帆」で受け止め、太陽風の動圧を推力として利用する推進システムである。本推進システムにおける推力は「帆」に相当する磁気圏の大きさに比例するため、磁気圏を拡大するために、探査機周りに形成された磁場にプラズマを噴射することにより、効率よく磁気圏を広げる方法が検討されている。本報告では、探査機周りの流れ場がどのように形成されるかを調べるために、電磁流体方程式による数値シミュレーションを行い、噴射プラズマによる磁気圏の変化や太陽風と磁場の干渉の様子を調べた。その解析結果について報告する。, 資料番号: AA0063157010, レポート番号: JAXA-SP-06-014

We have been studying the Magneto Plasma Sail (MPS) by using 3D hybrid numerical simulation code. There are two key issues of MPS research, one is the possibility of magnetic inflation, and the other is the analysis of the interaction between the solar wind and the artificially generated magnetic field. We simulated the interaction between the solar wind and dipole magnetic field in pure-Magsail and compared with the drag coefficient obtained by using other hybrid code. And we simulated the magnetic inflation by injected plasma. Plasma is injected from the region located in 1.0 m from the center of the coil. Plasma is injected in radial direction with N = 10(exp 20) /cu m and v = 4.0 km/s. Next we simulated the interaction between the solar wind and inflated magnetic field by the plasma injection. The initial magnetic field is produced at the center of the system as dipole configuration. The solar wind flows only in the positive Z direction with 5 x 10(exp 6) /cu m density and 400 km/s velocity. The Ar plasma with 5 x 10(exp 9) /cu m density and 20 km/s velocity is injected isotropically. We will show these simulation results and list up the difficulties of numerical simulation of MPS in each theme. And finally I will make a brief summary and talk about the Future plan., 資料番号: AA0063157011, レポート番号: JAXA-SP-06-014

A quick review of plasma sail propulsion is provided to close up the technical and physical issues of plasma sail. A spacecraft propulsion system utilizing the energy of the solar wind was firstly proposed by Prof. Winglee in 2000. Although Winglee proposed an M2P2 (Mini-Magnetospheric Plasma-Propulsion) design with a small (20-cm-diamter) coil and a small helicon plasma source, it was criticized by Dr. Khazanov in 2003. He insisted that: (1) MHD (Magnetohydrodynamic) is not an appropriate approximation to describe M2P2 design by Winglee, and with ion kinetic simulation, it was shown that the M2P2 design could provide only negligible thrust; (2) considerably larger sails (than that Winglee proposed) would be required to tap the energy of the solar wind. We started our study in 2003, and it is shown that moderately sized magnetic sails can produce sub-Newton-class thrust in the ion inertial scale (approximately 70 km). We continue our efforts to make a feasibly sized plasma sail (Magnetoplasma Sail) by optimizing the magnetic field inflation process Winglee proposed. However, several physical issues (action and reaction force of the MPS, finite Larmor radius effect in the far region of the MPS, and so on) were shown to remain to be solved before we proceed to a system design of a spacecraft propelled by MPS., 資料番号: AA0063157008, レポート番号: JAXA-SP-06-014

資料番号: AA0063354001

資料番号: AA0063350028

フェルミ加速を調べるために、電子が振動するポテンシャル壁と定常なポテンシャル障壁の間を磁場に沿って往復運動する新しい実験系を考案した。この実験で、電子が共鳴的に加速するときのポテンシャル障壁の振動の周波数は、電子の往復運動の周波数に関係していることが観測できた。さらに、電子の加速エネルギーと電子がポテンシャル壁の間を往復運動する回数との関係も測定した。, To study Fermi acceleration, a novel experimental system, where electrons go back and forth along a magnetic field line between an oscillating potential wall and a stationary potential wall, has been constructed and the resonance of electron's bounce motion with the oscillation was observed. The relation of the number of bounce time with electron's acceleration energy was also measured., 資料番号: AA0049213003, レポート番号: JAXA-SP-05-020

The potential formation in an inductively coupled plasma device in uniform magnetic field, at moderate pressures, is experimentally discussed. The axial profiles of plasma parameters showed that this double layer appears inside the plasma source as a natural border between two plasmas with different properties., 資料番号: AA0049213007, レポート番号: JAXA-SP-05-020

新しい推進システムとして注目を集めている磁気プラズマセイルは、高い推力電力比と比推力が達成できると期待されており、外惑星探査におけるコスト削減や飛行時間の大幅短縮に貢献できる可能性を持っている。我々は、この磁気プラズマセイルについて、3次元のハイブリッドコードを用いて、有限ラーマ半径効果を考慮した数値解析を実施した。解析は磁場の展開と太陽風-磁場の相互作用の2つのメカニズムに関して実施し、磁場展開については粒子的効果が支配的となる領域においても数値解析を実施し、太陽風-磁場の相互作用については磁気圏代表長で規格化される抗力係数を用いて推力特性を評価した。本論文では、それに加え、磁場の展開における計算コストに関する問題点と磁場の展開と太陽風-磁場の相互作用を同時に解析する必要性について述べた。, Recently, a new propulsion system called Magneto Plasma Sail (MPS) attracts attention, and it is expected to have high thrust to power ratio and high specific impulse. The MPS produces the propulsive force by the interaction between the solar wind and the artificial magnetic field inflated by the plasma injection. By using a 3D hybrid simulation code, we investigated, considering the finite Larmor radius effect, the inflation by the plasma injection and the interaction between the solar wind and the artificial magnetic field, respectively. In this paper, we showed the results of the magnetic field inflation with the finite Larmor radius effect and investigated the dependence of thrust on the size of the magnetic cavity. Also, we discussed the problem about costs of large scale calculation related with above numerical analysis and the necessity of concurrent analysis including both the inflation and the interaction between the solar wind and the magnetic field., 資料番号: AA0049193003, レポート番号: JAXA-RR-05-014

150kgクラス小型衛星を利用した磁気セイル飛翔実験の検討を行なった。衛星は直径2mの超電導コイルとその制御・電源系から構成され、液体ヘリウム冷却系によって4K低温超電導状態を実現する。地球磁気圏のmagnetopauseは太陽側に10Re程度であるから、衛星を太陽風を受けるべく地球磁気圏の外側の領域に配置するために、小型固体モータにより太陽側に遠地点がある250km×20Re軌道に投入する。軌道投入後、液体ヘリウムによる冷却が有効なおよそ1週間、地球磁気圏外になる遠地点付近でのみ推力1μNクラスの磁気セイルを作動し、衛星軌道の変化から磁気セイルの推進性能を確認する。, A 150-kg-class engineering satellite for the demonstration of magnetic sail was studied. When the satellite is inserted into an orbit whose perigee is out of the geomagnetic field, a 2-m-diameter superconducting coil is initiated by a battery discharge, obtaining 3-T magnetic field at the surface of the superconducting coil. The coil will be cooled by liquid helium cryostat, hence the coil operation is valid only while the liquid helium is kept, maybe a week or so; during this duration, the magnetic sail is expected to produce 1 micro N thrust. Although the thrust level is very small, it will be measured by a precise orbit determination so as to demonstrate the world's first thrust production of the magnetic sail in space., 資料番号: AA0049193008, レポート番号: JAXA-RR-05-014

「ベピ・コロンボ(BepiColombo)」計画は、欧州宇宙機関(以下、ESA)との共同によって、この惑星の磁場・磁気圏・内部・表層を初めて多角的・総合的に観測しようとするプロジェクトである。本計画の科学的意義は、以下の2つである。(1)固有磁場と磁気圏を持つ地球型惑星は地球と水星だけであり、水星の詳細探査は「初の惑星磁場・磁気圏の詳細比較」の機会となる。「惑星の磁場・磁気圏の普遍性と特異牲」の知見に大きな飛躍をもたらすことが期待される。(2)磁場の存在と関係すると見られる巨大な中心核に代表される水星の特異な内部・表層の全球観測は、太陽系形成、特に「地球型惑星の起源と進化」の解明に貢献することが期待される。本計画は、上記の目標に最適化された2つの周回探査機、すなわち表面・内部の観測に最適化された水星表面探査機Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO:3軸制御、低高度極軌道)と、磁場・磁気圏の観測に最適化された水星磁気圏探査機Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter(MMO:スピン制御、楕円極軌道)から構成される。両探査機は、1体で「ソユーズ・フレガート2B」ロケットで2012年に打ち上げられ、水星へ伴に旅をする。2016年の水星到達後に分離し、協力して観測活動を行う。, 資料番号: AA0049122167

工学ミッションとして検討中の「ソーラ電カセイル計画」は、その一環として、小型探査機を木星周回軌道へ投入する可能性を検討している。将采の木星大規模探査へ向けた「パスファインダー」としての役割を担うこの計画について、意義、科学目標、モデル搭載機器について述べる。, 資料番号: AA0049122030

資料番号: AA0049122047

Effects of magnetic field on the sustainment and dynamics of low current DC vacuum arcs, less than 20 A, were examined. DC vacuum arcs are ignited by the opening of a butt contact made of zinc. Without magnetic field, the cathode spot moves at random on the cathode surface and the arc voltage is constant for increasing gap length up to 30 mm. In the axial magnetic field, the arc plasma was restricted within a column and the arc voltage rose with increasing gap length. When a magnet was arranged behind the cathode, the field had an axially symmetric transverse component and the arc plasma rotated in the opposite direction of the Lorentz force (- J x B) on the edge of the cathode. On the other hand, when a magnet, was arranged behind the anode, the arc plasma was constricted on the electrode axis and the lifetime of the arcs became longer although the arc voltage rose with increasing gap length., 資料番号: AA0049206073, レポート番号: JAXA-SP-05-001E

Bare-tether systems are one of the greatest-efficiency electrodynamic tethered systems. The system with an uninsulated portion of the metallic tether itself to collect electrons from the space plasma is operated as a thruster or a power generator on a satellite. Ground experiments were carried out to understand phenomena of electron collection by a bare tether in space. Metallic tether samples were exposed to a simulating Low-Earth-Orbit plasma flow as varying tether sample diameter and length, and plasma velocity. A magnetic field was also applied. The normalized collection current increased with plasma velocity. The existence of magnetic field raised the normalized collection current because of the edge effect of a tether sample or the three-dimensional effect. A high collection current above the orbital-motion-limited current could be achieved with a magnetic field. The current characteristics of a bare tether strongly depended on plasma velocity and surrounding magnetic field., 資料番号: AA0049206070, レポート番号: JAXA-SP-05-001E

資料番号: AA0063347028

資料番号: AA0063347026

平成22年度スペースプラズマ研究会(2011年3月3-4日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS)相模原キャンパス), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Space Plasma Conference FY2010 (March 3-4, 2011. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS)Sagamihara Campus), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 資料番号: SA6000080018

資料番号: AA0063347018

資料番号: AA0063347011

A magnetic sail is a unique propulsion system, which travels interplanetary space by capturing the energy of the solar wind. In order to simulate the interaction between the artificial magnetic field produced around a spacecraft and the solar wind, scaled-down laboratory experiment was conducted in a space chamber. Preliminary results showed some strong interactions between the high-density and high-velocity plasma flow and an artificial magnetic field, hence the possibility of the magnetic sail simulator is provided; however, further improvement is required to realize a collision-less solar wind plasma flow in the laboratory., 資料番号: AA0049120020

Experimentally examined is the effect of applied magnetic field on a weakly ionized Argon plasma supersonic flow around a body around which the magnetic field is generated. To analyze the flow, applied is the absorption spectroscopic technique which enables determination of the translational temperature and the flow velocity. Based on the translational temperature distribution, combined with the electron excitation temperature distribution previously determined, the effect of the applied magnetic field on the behavior of the shock layer is discussed and it is confirmed that the applied magnetic field of which interaction parameter is 0.34 can affect the shock layer behavior and enhance the shock stand-off distance., 資料番号: AA0048089012

Cu nanowire arrays were electrodeposited with a template of polycarbonate (PC) filter 6 to 10 micrometers thick. Nanopore size was varied from 200 to 15 nm in diameter. Pt-Pd alloy film was sputtered on one side of PC filter and then used as cathode in 0.6 M CuSO4 aqueous solution (pH = 2). Potentiostatic electrodeposition at - 400 mV vs. Cu reference electrode was conducted in two kinds of electrolytic cell configurations, Cathode over Anode (C/A) and Anode over Cathode (A/C). It was also engaged in a strong magnetic field. The transient variation of cathodic current clearly showed four stages in both cell configurations. In Stage 2, the cathodic current increased in A/C configuration, while it decreased in C/A. The difference of cathodic current variation between two configurations was smaller with smaller sized pores. Superposition of magnetic field introduces much shorter duration period of the second stage. Cu nanowire arrays were successfully electrochemical-processed with the aspect ratio of 50 to 400. Furthermore, 15 nm diameter Cu nanowire was confirmed with the lattice image pattern by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) technique. Much better crystallinity may be expected by controlling the gravitational level as well as the magnetic field flax, besides the improved template technique., 資料番号: AA0048095013

テザーを用いた新たな発電法を提案する。宇宙空間で導電性テザーと地球の磁場を用いた発電法は提案されており、過去にその発電の有効性を実証するための実験も行われている。また、テザー以外に太陽を利用した発電などもある。本研究では惑星衛星間のテザーシステムによる新たな発電を考える。重力ポテンシャルの差を利用して動力なしでテザーを伸展させる。この時得られる張力を利用して発電を行うというものである。また、発電と物資の輸送を同時に行えるのもこのシステムの利点である。本稿はテザーの運動方程式やテザーにかかる張力の分布、システムの有する発電能力などについて考察する。, A new power generation method is proposed using a space tether. A generation method has been already proposed using a conductive tether and the magnetic field of the earth in space, and an experiment was performed to demonstrate the validity of the generation method. Here, considered is a new generating method with a tether system between a planet and its satellite. The tether in this system can be extended without power utilizing the difference of gravitational forces. This system can generate electricity using a tension. In this paper, considered are the equation of motion of the tether, the distribution of the tension along the tether, and the power generation output of the proposed system., 資料番号: AA0047897009

宇宙航空研究開発機構・宇宙科学研究本部(ISAS/JAXA)の高密度磁化プラズマ装置を用いて行う低域混成波ソリトンの実験研究計画および実験の進捗状況について概要を述べる。, 資料番号: AA0047901016

資料番号: AA0047901006

資料番号: AA0047901025

資料番号: AA0047272013

資料番号: AA0047120040

To realize magnetic sails, momentum of the solar wind should be efficiently transferred to a spacecraft via magnetic field, which is produced around a spacecraft. In this paper, two important physical processes are addressed: 1) diffusive processes caused by plasma turbulence at the magnetospheric boundary around the spacecraft; and 2) field aligned current loops that will electrically connect the magnetospheric boundary and the spacecraft. The idea of the magnetic sails will be demonstrated by an experimental simulator, in which a fast plasma beam will penetrate into a dipole magnetic field. For that purpose, the two important physical processes should be scaled down to a small laboratory experiment in a space chamber. From the scaling considerations, the interaction can be scaled down if high-speed and high-density (10(exp 19) m(sup -3)) plasma jet is used with 1-T-class magnetic field., 資料番号: AA0047118068

In this research, the morphological changes during GaP solution growth of the S/L interface were observed under static magnetic field using near-infrared (NIR) microscope with an interferometer. The damping effect of convection was discussed by means of analyzing fringe pattern during dissolution and growth., 資料番号: AA0046917069

Jupiter's Io-related decameter wave emission (Io-DAM) is known to show following clear occurrence characteristics; 1) the Io-DAM events occur in specific combinations of the central meridian magnetic longitude (CML) and Io phase angle (phi(sub Io), 2) most of their polarization show right-handed and highly elliptical feature. The three-dimensional ray tracing analysis for Io-DAM has been made to investigate the location and physical properties of the source regions and the magnetoionic mode. In previous such studies, source regions have been assumed to be located at one restricted region at an instant, however, longitudinally extended source regions are assumed in this study based on Jupiter's auroral images which have shown that particle energy has been induced in longitudinally wide area in Jupiter's polar regions. The results have been still preliminary one, however, give some explanations for the origin of Io-DAM. The observed CML-phi(sub Io) occurrence probability can be explained by thin emission cone with the opening half angle of nearly 90 degrees and quite tenuous plasma condition in and near the source region, but some additional conditions, such as some particular energy inputs to the Io-DAM source magnetic fields to generate Io-DAM waves, are still required. The observed polarization characteristics can not be explained based on known plasma conditions in Jupiter's polar regions, which suggests that polar plasma should be in quite different conditions between dawn and dusk side., 資料番号: AA0047898042

資料番号: AA0047901017

資料番号: AA0045919014

The magneto plasma sail (plasma assisted magnetic sail) produces the propulsive force due to the interaction between the artificial magnetic field around the spacecraft inflated by the plasma and the solar wind erupted from the Sun. The inflation of the magnetic field by the plasma was proposed by a group of the University of Washington and the basic research has just started. This paper summarizes the characteristics of the magneto plasma sail by comparing with the other low-thrust propulsion systems, and investigates the potential of its application to near future planetary missions. Finally, engineering satellite for magneto plasma sail is proposed as a first step., 資料番号: AA0045441088

エレクトロダイナミックテザーを用いた宇宙推進はその優れた経済性により近年注目されている。1960年代から始まった一連の宇宙実験を通して、NASAおよびAir Forceはエレクトロダイナミックテザーの実用性を証明してきた。2003年には、テザー自体をプラズマコンタクタとするベアテザーを用いた宇宙実験ProSEDSが予定されている。ベアテザーは従来の球形のプクズマコンタクタに比べ、電子流入効率が高く、将来的に宇宙ステーションの軌道修正や使用済みの人工衛星などの回収などへの適用が期待されている。エレクトロダイナミックテザーの運用に関して、プラズマコンタクターによる電子流入量は直接、推進力に影響するため、その理解がテザー運用において重要な位置を占めている。しかしながら、TSS-1Rなどの実験に見られるように、電子流入のメカニズムはまだ不確かな部分が多く、北アメリカおよびヨーロッパにおいて多くの理論が出されている。ここでは、アメリカにおけるエレクトロダイナミックテザーの現状を、ベアテザーへの電子流入論を含め紹介する。, 資料番号: AA0045426083