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Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Frontiers of Computer Science & Technology is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For different applications,many methods need trajectories to be designed and stored in different data structures,and searched by different algorithms, that is to say they are lack of universal property. For the purpose of increasing the universal property of trajectories, this paper proposed a method to translate trajectories into trajectory graphs which have the same structures as knowledge graphs, and proposed method first identified entities, relations and attributes according to the features of trajectories in turn, then grouped them into trajectory graphs. Trajectory graphs are graphs, they can support the basic queries, range queries, nearest neighbor queries, keyword searches and pattern searches of trajectories, also can be added into existing knowledge bases easily. At last, this paper took an experimental analysis on real data, compares the performances of proposed method and common database method, it shows that proposed method is efficient and universal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The plant immune elicitors can induce a line of defense responses in plants and are identifed as new type of biological pesticides. At present stage, new plant immune elicitor is screening with potted plants or field experiments, which is time-consuming and high-cost. The droplet microfluidic technology, which is originated from analytical chemistry and owns micro-channel network structure, has properties of high throughput, high sensitivity, low consumption of reagent, no cross contamination and rapid reaction. These advantages provide a novel platform for screening plant immune elicitors. Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) are obtained by degradation of chitosan. It was reported that COS could activate plant innate immunity, such as: stimulate H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) production, induce defense response by NO (nitric oxide) pathway, make a synthesis of phytoalexin, impact the jasmonic acid / ethylene (JA/ET) signaling marker, trigger defense-related gene expression, cause changes in protein phosphorylation, activate mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and possess antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi in plant. Because of the advantages and the high solubility, nontoxicity, and biocompatibility, COS are considered as an effective plant immune elicitor by researchers. To preliminarily applying droplet microfluidic technology in plant immune elicitor screening, integrated microfluidic chip with droplets formation structure was designed and fabricated. COS were chosen as positive reagent, and BY-2 tobacco cells played as model plant cell. The flow rate of mobile phase was measured and established for BY-2 tobacco cells droplets formation, and the single cell encapsulating efficiency was calculated. Then COS and NO probe were dumped into the droplets with BY-2 tobacco cells, and the fluorescence intensity of NO probe from droplets was detected to evaluate the feasibility of screening the plant immune elicitor COS. To make the comparative analysis, the fluorescence intensity was compared with the same reaction system in 96-well plate. The results showed that at the flow rates of 100 μL/h in cell suspension and 300 μL/h in oil, the sizes of generated droplets were suitable to encapsulate the cells. The BY-2 cell clusters could be dispersed in isotonic solution, and every droplet encapsulated single cell. The ratio of droplets encapsulating single cell was about 22.9%. The ratio conformed to Poisson distribution. The fluorescence intensity of droplets incubated with COS was detected by fluorescence microscope. The fluorescence intensity from the COS/NO probe/BY-2 cell group was significantly higher than the control groups. In the comparative analysis experiments, the fluorescence intensity of droplets showed similar trend compared with the same reaction system in 96-well plate. This result implied that the cell treated with COS in droplets showed similar trend in defense responses compared to traditional screening method with 96-well plate. Thus, the droplets with COS / NO probe / BY-2 cell show high fluorescence intensity that can be detected by fluorescence microscope, which implies that integrated with fluorescence detecting technique, droplets microfluidics and fluorescence probe can be a novel platform for screening plant immune elicitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Jiangsu University (Natural Science Edition) / Jiangsu Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban) is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Jiangsu University (Natural Science Edition) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Image & Graphics is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Image & Graphics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)