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BACKGROUND: Prostaglandin E1 and basic fibroblast growth factor can promote the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells, but the effects of their combinations on the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells and angiogenesis are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of prostaglandin E1 combined with basic fibroblast growth factor on the proliferation and angiogenesis of human dental pulp stem cells. METHODS: (1) Human dental pulp stem cells were isolated and cultured in vitro. After detection and identification of surface markers, prostaglandin E1 and basic fibroblast growth factor at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 μg/L were used to treat human dental pulp stem cells in vitro. The untreated cells served as control group. The cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay, and the optimum drug concentration and time of drug action were screened. (2) The in vitro cultured human dental pulp stem cells were divided into four groups: blank control group, prostaglandin E1 group, basic fibroblast growth factor group and combination group. The cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay. Human dental pulp stem cell conditioned medium was extracted. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and endostatin in the culture medium were detected by ELISA. The in vitro tubular formation ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells after culture in conditioned medium was tested by tubule formation experiment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The optimum concentration of prostaglandin E1 and basic fibroblast growth factor was 20 μg/L, and the optimum time of action was 2 days. Compared with the blank control group, the relative proliferation rate, level of vascular endothelial growth factor and the angiogenesis ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cell in vitro in the prostaglandin E1, basic fibroblast growth factor and combination groups were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while the level of endostatin was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). All above index levels in the combination group were significantly superior to those in the prostaglandin E1 and basic fibroblast growth factor groups (P < 0.05). In summary, prostaglandin E1 combined with basic fibroblast growth factor can promote the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells and enhance the tubular formation ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Sunlight pollution caused by glass curtain walls of buildings in urban environment has brought great threats to traffic safety, fire control and residents' health. At present, most researches on architecture sunlight pollution traditionally focus a local small range at specific construction based on simulation or measurement methods. We keep the way of three‑dimensional (3D) computation, dissimilarly integrates geographic resources to expand the perception range of city sunlight pollution brought by building glasses. Methods: The calculation technique of sunlight pollution builds 3D spatial relationship among road, building facade and sunlight in real urban environment, using deep‑learning image segmentation to extract glass curtain walls. Then, combined with glare evaluation model, we develop an innovative sunlight pollution model from perspective of drivers to evaluate the suitability for people. Results: Taking Shenzhen Fu‑ tian Center as an example, the multi‑level analyses of sunlight pollution are implemented by means of calculation under real time and real location, and path selection based on evaluation. Through these instances, the time sequence regularity, the spatial distribution characteristics and the path estimation of architecture sunlight pollution are revealed. Conclusions: The analyses retain space computation mode with innovations, fully utilize street view resources, and provide people the macroscopic concept, which indicates relative strength of building sunlight pollution. Additionally, the method ensures instantaneity of urban sunlight pollution acquisition and computation, to a certain extent covers shortages of current researches, and is further capable of reference evaluation in environment protection, accurate warnings and predictions of glare intensity for pedestrians and drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]