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【目的】研究人嗅黏膜来源的间充质干细胞（OMSC）对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）小鼠的治疗作用及机制。【方法】经鼻内镜局麻下取健康捐献者嗅区黏膜上皮，消化、传代后获取嗅黏膜间充质干细胞，培养至第5代，进行干细胞表面分子鉴定、多向诱导分化及染色。以髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白（MOG35-55）和百日咳毒素（PT）诱发C57小鼠EAE模型，记录小鼠神经功能评分（10分法）。造模后第16天（发病高峰期）将已发病小鼠随机分为治疗组和对照组，分别进行经尾静脉OMSC和等体积PBS治疗。造模后第24天经内眦静脉取血，CBA法检测小鼠血浆IL-10、IL-17、IFN-γ、IL-6水平。取脊髓，HE和LFB染色观察损伤灶大小。取健康捐献者外周血淋巴细胞与OMSC共培养，2d后比较单独培养组和共培养组分泌IFN-γ的CD4+T淋巴细胞（Th1细胞）比例；加入IDO、COX抑制剂干预，观察2d后各组Th1细胞比例。【结果】OMSC表面分子表达符合间充质干细胞特性并具有多向分化潜能。MOG35-55及PT成功诱导EAE模型，小鼠出现不同程度的神经功能损伤，OMSC治疗后，治疗组小鼠发病严重程度较对照组减轻（=0.002），且治疗组血清IFN-γ浓度低于对照组（=0.032），IL-10、IL-17、IL-6浓度差异无统计学差异。HE、LFB染色切片分别显示OMSC治疗组炎症因子浸润程度较对照组减轻，脱髓鞘区域范围也较对照组减小。人外周血淋巴细胞与OMSC共培养2d后，Th1细胞比例较淋巴细胞单独培养组降低（=0.001）。IDO抑制剂组Th1细胞比例高于共培养组（=0.01），与单独培养组的差异无统计学意义；COX抑制剂组Th1细胞比例与共培养组相比无统计学差异。【结论】OMSC可能通过IDO通路调控Th1淋巴细胞比例，从而抑制实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎小鼠的脱髓鞘损伤反应。本研究为临床治疗多发性硬化疾病提供了新的思路。

生存性是光传送网络中亟待解决的问题.文章基于环网的优良保护倒换能力提出了环覆盖保护策略,给出了选择环覆盖的控制流程,建立了以保护容量需求作为优化目标的环覆盖优化设计模型.

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[Objective] The objective of this study is to determine the optimal conditions for the combined treatment of fresh-cut ‘June Red Taro’ with L-ascorbic acid (AA) and ultrasound (US), and to investigate its preservation effects. [Method] Yongding ‘June Red Taro’ was used as the test material. Initially, 11 types of various preservative solutions, including tap water, pure water, deionized water, 9% sucrose solution, 1% sodium carbonate solution, 1% sodium chloride solution, 1% AA solution, and slightly acidic electrolyzed water (20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/L), were used to identify the most effective one for preserving fresh-cut ‘June Red Taro’. Subsequently, the preservative effects of AA and ethanol mixture on fresh-cut ‘June Red Taro’ was studied. The experimental results indicated that AA showed the best preservative effect. Based on this finding, a further exploration was conducted to investigate the specific impacts of AA and US combined treatment (AS) on the storage quality of fresh-cut ‘June Red Taro’. Metrics such as browning degree, hardness, pH value, relative conductivity, and sensory evaluation scores were measured to determine whether the AS treatment further enhanced the preservative effect. [Result] The experimental results demonstrated that the sensory quality of fresh-cut ‘June Red Taro’ could be effectively maintained when the AA concentration was 2%, soaking time was 15 minutes, US treatment time was 10 minutes, US frequency was 53 kHz, and US power was 400 W. The AS treatment effectively inhibited the increase in browning degree, maintained acidity stability, slowed down the decrease in hardness, preserved the integrity of cell membranes, and maintained a high sensory score. Therefore, these parameters were determined as the optimal conditions for AS treatment. [Conclusion] AA is selected as the best color-protecting solution from different soaking solutions, and the optimal conditions for the AS treatment of fresh-cut taro are determined. The AS treatment effectively improved the preservative effect of fresh-cut ‘June Red Taro’. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this study, to clarify the current situation of non-grain conversion of cultivated land in the Pearl River Delta and curb the tendency of this conversion, a county-level administrative region was used as the research unit. The spatial differentiation characteristics of non-grain conversion in the Pearl River Delta were determined, and the spatial Durbin model and geographically weighted regression mode were used to explore the spatial effects of the influencing factors of non-grain conversion of cultivated land. The average non-grain rate of counties in the Pearl River Delta in 2019 was 47.8%, which was higher than the national average. From the perspective of ratio, the nongrain cultivated land is concentrated in counties around the Pearl River Delta and some central counties, mainly with low-low and highhigh agglomeration. From the perspective of absolute area, non-grain cultivated land is concentrated in the northeast of the study area, mainly high-high agglomeration. Spatial dependence of non-grain was evident in the Pearl River Delta. From the perspective of direct effect, the proportion of gross domestic product(GDP)in the primary industry and the distance to the city center are negatively correlated with non-grain, while the area of cultivated land per labor and the area of effective cultivated land irrigation are positively correlated. From the perspective of spillover effect, per capita GDP is positively correlated with non-grain. Spatial heterogeneity of the impact of the proportion of GDP in the primary industry and the irrigated area of effective cultivated land on non-grain transformation was evident(high in the middle and low on the periphery). The results show that regions with higher levels of economic development are more likely to produce non-grain. Non-grain governance should be adapted to local conditions and hierarchical remediation to improve grain yield and comprehensive grain productivity and promote cost reduction and increase grain and farming efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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As learning analytics research has become active both in Japan and abroad, there is a growing demand for data analysis that contributes to the improvement of learning environments that utilizes evidence based on the collection of the results of such analysis. However, in order to accumulate evidence for effective improvement of learning environment, data analysis and practical studies are needed to be utilized for improvement of learning environment. This explanatory paper reviews research on evidence-based improvement of learning environments through learning analytics and introduces examples of learning analytics research conducted by the authors to support learning and improve teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optimal spatial layout of farmland is of great significance in improving the production capacity. The agricultural and geographical patterns can also be better matched for the national food security. However, the previous researches focus mainly on the spatial layout at the scale of specific administrative districts. It is still lacking in the replacement of farmland with the restored land. Taking Fengkai County in Guangdong Province as an example, this study aims to follow the micro adjustment on "transferring out existing farmland and transferring in restored land". Firstly, the spatial superposition and comprehensive evaluation methods were used to identify the farmland that transferred out with the fragmented, unstable and low production potential. Secondly, the screening utility function was constructed based on the three objectives of the maximization of agricultural production suitability, the minimization of the importance of ecosystem service functions, and the maximization of layout compactness of the restored land. An optimal model was also constructed to adjust the spatial layout of farmland, according to the two aspects of transferring in and out. Taking the balance of the number of transfers in and out as a constraint, the spatial layout of farmland was optimized at different administrative scales. The results showed that: 1) A total of 1,689.89 hm² of farmland was transferred out of the study area, accounting for 7.62% of the total area of farmland. The overall distribution of farmland was characterized by "global fragmentation and local aggregation". 2) The average suitability of agricultural production and integrated ecosystem services in the restored land were 67.04 and 40.52, respectively, indicating the superior resource endowment in agricultural and ecological production. 3) There were significant differences in farmland that transferred in at administrative scales. The average suitability of agricultural production increased by 2.08 in the farmland that transferred in, whereas, the mean value of comprehensive ecosystem services decreased by 0.67 in the intra-county balance scenario, compared with the intra-town one. The screening of farmland that transferred in was more effective at a wider spatial scale. 4) The quality, stability, and contiguity of optimal farmlands were improved in both scenarios. The optimization was much more outstanding in the intra-county balance scenario, compared with the intra-town one. There were also significant impacts on the administrative scales. An optimal expansion in the screening scale of restored land can be expected to improve the overall quality of farmland and reduce the probability of screening ecologically important land. There were two contributions of this study. Firstly, an optimal model was constructed on the spatial layout with better applicability. The dynamic adjustment was realized to optimize the current farmland and the restored land. Secondly, there were some differences in the spatial layout of farmland at the scale of administrative regions. The administrative regions can be considered to formulate the policies for farmland protection. The finding can provide a strong reference for the decision-making on the optimization of spatial layout of restored land and farmland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

报道1例以周围神经病变为首发症状的POEMS综合征合并Castleman病的患者. 患者 为55岁女性, 1年前发现血糖升高, 4个月前出现下肢麻凉, 刺痛等, 近1个月步态不稳, 病程中有反复 脑梗死. 入院检查发现有皮肤改变, 水肿, 脾大, 淋巴结肿大, 心包积液等系统性表现, 同时合并视盘 水肿, M蛋白血症, 血管内皮生长因子水平明显增高, 淋巴结活检支持Castleman病等, 诊断为POEMS 综合征, 予达雷妥尤单抗联合地塞米松方案化疗后症状明显缓解. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Marine environmental governance is a common concern of the international community. China’ s participation in marine garbage management is not only the call of the new era, but also an important measure to realize China’s “rising to the sea”. Based on the investigation and research, it is found that the fishermen in Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province currently have problems in the process of participating in the management of marine fishery garbage, such as the imperfect cognition system of the fishermen to the marine fishery garbage, the narrow way for the fishermen to participate in the management action, and the policy of the fishermen’s living environment has not been updated in time. According to the internal logic of Potter-Lauler comprehensive excitation model, incentive countermeasures for fishermen to participate in marine fishery waste management were put forward from multiple aspects of perception of individual effort, work performance, intrinsicand extrinsic rewards, satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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