Search

Copyright of Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences / Chung-kuo ko Hsueh Yuan Yuan Kan is the property of Institutes of Science & Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics is the property of Piezoelectric & Acoustooptic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arid Zone Research / Ganhanqu Yanjiu is the property of Arid Zone Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Aerospace Control & Application is the property of Editorial Department of Aerospace Control & Application and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arid Zone Research / Ganhanqu Yanjiu is the property of Arid Zone Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of New Media Research is the property of New Media Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Uranium Mining & Metallurgy is the property of Uranium Mining & Metallurgy Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society is the property of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chemistry & Industry of Forest Products is the property of Chemistry & Industry of Forest Products Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Science Research & Application is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Management & Technology Discussion is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

:【Objective】Light is the most important factor affecting plant growth, development, metabolism and external phenotype. In the process of plant growth, artificial light sources are often used instead of natural light to fill the seeds and seedlings to improve the quality, yield and efficiency of fruits and vegetables. Artificial light plant is one of the important ways for standardized and efficient seedling cultivation, but its high energy consumption, accounting for 60% to 80% of the total energy consumption of plant factories, seriously hinder the promotion and application of factory seedling technology. Therefore, reducing the energy consumption of light source and improving the utilization rate of light is one of the core goals for plant seedling. 【Method】 Aiming at the problems of fixed height, high energy consumption and difficult to match the light demand of seed and seedling growth, this study developed a precise light cultivation platform for seedlings based on Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) technology by combining theoretical analysis, model construction and experiment. Taking cucumber seedlings as the object, the performance of the light intensity control system of the precision light cultivation platform for seedlings was verified, and its effect on the growth of cucumber seedlings was explored.【Result】The experimental results showed that the light intensity and light distribution uniformity were improved after the optimization of the lamp bead structure. The developed platform can fill the light of cucumber seedlings by manual, automatic, Human Machine Interface (HMI) and host computer. Through the platform optical radiation energy consumption model and the layer level adjustment control strategy, the LED operating power is effectively reduced, saving about 40.65% of electric energy. The maximum and minimum relative error of the optical platform radiation model are 34.37% and 3.57%, respectively, and the average relative error is 11.45%. Cultivation experiments showed that under the same light intensity treatment, there was no significant difference in seedling phenotype parameters and strong seedling index by comparing the precision light cultivation platform with the traditional high floor fixed platform. 【Conclusion】The precision light cultivation platform of seedlings based on PLC technology realizes automatic lifting and intelligent dimming, and saves up to 40.65% power without affecting the growth of seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open science is thriving and driving a global paradigm shift in scientific research. Open science governance is designated to gradually increase the transparency and global participation in the process of scientific and technological progress, ensure low-cost openness around the world, accelerate the global dissemination and sharing of results, and improve the scientific and humanistic literacy of the people. With the development trend of open science becoming more and more powerful, a series of challenges emerge gradually. By analyzing and studying the open science governance framework model, it helps to further sort out the governance logic, clarify the governance subjects and governance mechanisms, which will effectively promote the construction of open science governance system, accelerate the development of science and technology, help China become one of the leaders of the global knowledge community in 2040-2050, and promote the realization of the strategic goal of becoming a world power in science and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] China is a large country of pork production and consumption in the world, but most fresh meat is sold extensively while little of them is sold in refrigeration condition. In order to improve the quality and prolong the shelf life of fresh meat, a refrigeration method based on ultrasonic atomizing humidification was proposed. [Method] Taking the pork sold in an open refrigerated display cabinet as the material, the influence of ultrasonic atomizing humidification on the shelf quality of pork was studied, and the changes of quality parameters such as shear force, color difference, cooking loss rate and pH of pork within 24 h in temperature control (TC) and temperature and humidity control (THC) conditions. [Result] The pork shear force changed little compared with the initial value after 12 h of TC condition, but rapidly decreased to 65.2N after 24 h of storage. The shear force of pork rapidly decreased within 12 h, and remained at around 86 N during 12-24 h in THC condition. In both conditions, L*, a* and b* showed similar trends over time, but L* in TC condition was higher than THC condition, while a* and b* were lower than THC condition. After 24 h refrigerated sales, the number of pork microorganisms under the two conditions were 28 000 and 149 713 CFU/ mL, respectively. The change of pork microbial number during refrigerated sales was related to the change of color difference. The cooking loss rate showed similar trend under the two conditions over time, and there was little difference between them after 12 h. The cooking loss rate under two conditions were 26.2% and 24.6%, respectively. After 24 h refrigerated sales, the pH of pork under TC condition and THC condition decreased by 0.4 and 0.2, respectively, and the pork under THC condition belonged to the prime meat. The temperature and relative humidity in the refrigerated display cabinet under two working conditions showed similar trend of decreasing to rising in a single refrigeration cycle. The minimum temperature of TC condition in the cabinet was 1.2℃ higher than that of THC condition. The variation trend and amplitude of relative humidity under two working conditions were similar. [Conclusion] THC condition slowed down the shear force and pH drop rate of pork, reduce the cooking loss rate of pork, but the number of microorganisms in THC condition is 5.3 times of that in TC condition. The research results have a significant reference for improving the shelf quality of pork and optimizing the parameters of refrigerated display cabinet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A sunflower seed is one of the most important cash crops in oil, food, and feeding. The area of edible sunflower cultivation has steadily increased in China in recent years. It is an urgent need for mechanized and combined harvesting. However, the conventional machinery of edible sunflower harvesting cannot fully meet the large-scale production, due to the low seed selection and adaptability in fields. Among them, the fan-shaker structure is adopted for the current cleaning device in the 4ZK-6 type combined harvester of edible sunflower. It is a high demand to develop a new device suitable for steep slope, where edible sunflower is widely grown. In this study, a cylinder sieve device was designed for the combined harvesting operation under the complex terrain, according to the threshing mixture characteristics of edible sunflower. The size of the sieve aperture was set as 16 mm using the average three-axis diameter and particle size of the edible sunflower seed, broken petiole, and broken sunflower plate in the threshing mixture. The range of the inclination angle was obtained to clarify the effect of the inclination angle of the sieve on the performance of the seed sieve using the size of the stripped material particle. The kinematics analysis of edible sunflower seed was combined with the actual production needs. The structure size of built-in flow-aided spiral blades was determined as follows: the outer and inner diameters were 670, and 500 mm, respectively, while the pitch was 400 mm. A dynamic analysis was performed on the sliding and throwing out of edible sunflower seed on the cylinder sieve surface. The range of velocity was then determined in the cylinder sieve. Software EDEM was selected to determine the axial motion velocity of materials in the cylindrical sieve with the sifting time, and the sifting characteristics of edible sunflower seeds with the size of the selected sifting hole. The single-factor test was carried out to clarify the influence of the inclination angle, the rotational velocity of the cylinder sieve, and the feeding amount on the seed clean rate and loss rate. The threshing mixture of "Sunflower 363" was selected as the research object in Hebei Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions, China. The optimal intervals of working parameters were determined for each factor. The orthogonal test was carried out using cleaning rate and loss rate as evaluation indexes under SPSS software. Variance analysis showed that the rotational speed and feeding amount of the cylinder sieve posed a significant effect on the clean ratio and loss ratio, whereas, the inclination angle of cylinder sieve installation had a significant effect on the clean ratio, but some effect on the loss ratio. The comprehensive scoring demonstrated that the order of the primary and secondary factors on the cylinder sieve selection was ranked as inclination, the speed of the cylinder sieve, and feeding amount. The optimal working parameters of the cleaning device were achieved in the feeding amount of 0.6 kg/s, the sieve installation inclination of 3°, and the speed of 25 r/min. The bench test indicated that the clean and loss ratios were 98.92% and 1.97%, respectively under the optimal combination. A field test was carried out in Wuchuan County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. The test subject was chosen as the "sunflower 363" with the 800 mm+400 mm wide and narrow planting mode, where the plant spacing was 500 mm. Three 20-metre slopes were selected in the steeply sloping areas, in order to verify the performance and adaptability of the cylindrical sieve cleaning device in complex working conditions. Specifically, the clean and loss rates were 96.53%, and 2.08%, respectively, indicating the stable operating performance of the cylinder sieve device. The clean rate of the whole machine was 3.32 percentage points higher than the original fan-shaker cleaning structure, while the loss rate was reduced by 4.11 percentage points. The cylinder sieve device can be expected to effectively improve the performance of edible sunflower combine harvester in complex terrain. This finding can provide the theoretical reference for the structural optimization of edible sunflower harvesting equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fly Ash Comprehensive Utilization is the property of Hebei Fly Ash Comprehensive Utilization Magazine Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sunflower is one of the four major oil crops in the world. There are oil and edible sunflower at present. Among them, there is a large planting area of edible sunflowers in China. The seeds of edible sunflowers are thin and delicate easy to thresh, and the skin is mostly black with white lines and short hairs. Particularly, the skin of seeds is easily scratched, as the full ripe stage stalks and back of sunflower disc turn yellow and leaves dry up. The traditional threshing elements are also easily scratched during threshing. The resulting flowery-skinned seeds can greatly reduce the economic value, where the sunflower discs are seriously broken and hard to clean. It is very necessary to balance the structure of the threshing element and the key operating parameters of the system for the better threshing performance of sunflowers. In this study, an axial, spiral, and cylindrical threshing device was designed for the low breaking and un-threshing rate of edible sunflowers during harvesting and threshing. A theoretical and experimental investigation was carried out, according to the current status of sunflower threshing. The sunflower threshing device was mainly composed of a threshing drum, top cover, power transmission system, frame, grain collection, concave screen, threshing gap adjustment mechanism, and material conveying component. The threshing element was a spiral tube with an external diameter of 32 mm, in order to reduce the scratching of grain skin during threshing. The concave screen used the grid with the wrap angle of 180° for the larger separation area. The kinematics and dynamics of material transport were then analyzed in the threshing space. The spiral lift angle was 63° for the spiral tube of the threshing element, where the pitch was 2 800 mm. Taking the sunflower 3638 as the object, the field test was performed on the self-developed sunflower threshing bench. A single-factor experiment was carried out to determine the influence of working parameters on the threshing performance. The results show that an optimal combination was achieved, with the range of feeding rate of 1.2-1.6 kg/s, drum speed of 250-350 r/min, and threshing clearance of 30-40 mm. There were generally low un-threshing rate and damage rates in this case. A multi-objective optimization test was conducted to evaluate the threshing performance under the optimal combination of the parameters in the threshing device. A secondary rotation orthogonal test was carried out, with the feeding rate, drum speed, and threshing clearance as the influencing factors, while the un-threshing rate and breaking rate as the response indices. Design-Expert software was then selected to establish the mathematical model between the response index and the influencing factors. The optimal combination of parameters was optimized using the response surface method. The optimized parameter set was determined as the feeding rate of 1.4 kg/s, and the drum speed of 300 r/min with a threshing clearance of 35 mm. At the same time, the un-threshing rate and the breaking rate were 0.55%, and 1.76%, respectively. A verification test was carried out on the test bench. After that, the un-threshing rate was 0.59%, and the breaking rate was 1.77%. Among them, the relative error was less than 5% in the predicted value of the model, indicating the suitability of the prediction model. This finding can provide a theoretical reference for the mechanized harvesting equipment of edible sunflowers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Functional Materials / Gongneng Cailiao is the property of Chongqing Functional Materials Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Modern Food Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Office of Modern Food Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Coal Science & Technology (0253-2336) is the property of Coal Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A series of poly(amic acid) (PAA) alignment agents are prepared from 1, 2, :3, 4- cyclo b utane tetracarboxylic dianhydride (CBDA) and various aromatic diamines, including 4, 4' - methylenedianiline (MDA), 3,3'- dimethyl-4,4' -diaminodiphenylmethane (DMDA), 3,3', 5,5' - tetramethyl-4,4' -diaminodiphenyl methane (TMMDA), 3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-diethyl-4,4' -diamino- di phenyl methane (DMDEDA),1,1-bis_- (4-amino-3,5-dimethyl) phenyl]-1-phenylmethane (PTMDA), and 1, 1 - bis_-(4-amino-3,5-dimethyl) phenyl] -l(3' -trifluoromethylphenyl)methane (TFMDA), respectively via low-temperature polycondensat ion procedure. Liquid crystal (LC) minicells are fabricated by using the prepared PAAs as the alignment agents. The poly imide (PI) alignment films obtained by thermally curing of the PAAs exhibits good thermal stability with the 5% weight loss temperatures higher than 450°C. The PI alignment films show good alignment ability tO the LC molecules, after exposure by the linear polarized ultraviolet light (LPUV) (wavelength: 254nm). The LC molecules show the pretilt angles (0p) in the range of 0.28-0.47°. The LC minicells show low residual direct current voltage (RDC) features with the RDC values as low as :364 mV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dried roots of Sophora tonkinensis were commonly used as the treatment of the throat and other infectious diseases. In order to identify its large polar antibacterial active components, silica gel column chromatography(CC), ODS CC and Sephadex LH-20 CC and semi preparative HPLC were used to isolate the chemical constituents from n-butanol fraction of S. tonkinensis. The antibacterial activities of the monomers against bacteria(Enterobacter faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli)and fungi(Candida albicans)were evaluated. The results showed ten compounds were isolated and identified as 2',4',7-trihydroxy-6,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)flavanone(1),genistin(2), 2-(2',4'-dihydroxy)-5,6-dioxomethylbenzofuran(3), maltol-β-D-glucopyranoside(4), leonuriside A(5),coniferylalcohol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6),glabrol(7),2-(2',4'-dihydroxy-phenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-10-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-8H-pyrano [2,3-d]chroman-4-one(8), oxymatrine(9), piscidic acid(10). Among of them, compounds 4-6 were isolated from the title plant for the first time, for our knowledge. Besides, biological activity test showed the potential antibacterial activities of compounds 1-3. It is worth mentioning that the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)value of compound 2 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 15.6 μg·mL-1, while the MIC of compound 3 against Candida albicans and Escherichia coli were 31.3 μg·mL-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Sciencepaper is the property of China Sciencepaper and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

1, 3-Dimethyl-1, 2,3, 4-cyclobutanetet racarboxyli oxdiinhydride (MCBDΔ) was prepared by the ultraviolet (wavelength of 365 nm) irradiation phot0-addition procedure with methyl maleic anhydride (MMΔ) ;is raw material and ethyl acetate as the solvent. Two organo-soluble polyimide (PT) resins, PT-1 CMCBDΔ-1:3:3 Δ'B ) and PT-2 (MCBDΔ-BDΔF) were prepared via a two-step chemical imidization procedure by the polymerization of MCBDΔ and aromatic diamine monomers, including 1,3-bisO-aminophenoxy) benzene ( 1:3:3ΔPB) and 2,2 1-bis =(4-aminophenoxy) benzene] hexafluoropropane (BDΔF), respectively. The MCBDΔ-PTI resins showed good solubility in polar aprotic solvents, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMΔ). Colorless and transparent l'T films were successfully prepared by the PNMI' solution. Effects of the alicyclic structure on the heat resistance and optical properties of PT films were studied. The measurement results indicated that the MCBD/Δ-PT films showed good thermal stability with the thermal decomposition temperatures (T5) of 4:3 6.0 °C for PT-1 and 450.9 °C for PT-2, respectively. Meanwhile, the MCBDA-PT films exhibited excellent optical transparency in the visible re gion (400-700 nm). The transmittance of the PT-1 and PT-2 films at the wavelength of 400 nm was 76.0% and 86.0%, respectively. Theyellownessindex(b·x·) of the l'Ifilmswas2.06and1.64 for PT-1 and P-2, respectively. The haze values were lower than 1.0% . The liquid crystal minicells were successfully assembled with PT-1 and P-2 as the alignment films for liquid crystal molecules. The test results indiwted that the rubbed MCBDΔ-PT alignment films could induce a pretilt angle of 1.:3° and 4.4° for PT-1 and PT-2, respectively. The liq uid crystal minicell fabricated with PT-1 alignment film showed a high voltage holding ratio over 98.00 % . 1, 3-Dimethyl-1, 2,3, 4-cyclobutanetet racarboxyli oxdiinhydride (MCBDΔ) was prepared by the ultraviolet (wavelength of 365 nm) irradiation phot0-addition procedure with methyl maleic anhydride (MMΔ) ;is raw material and ethyl acetate as the solvent. Two organo-soluble polyimide (PT) resins, PT-1 CMCBDΔ-1:3:3 Δ'B ) and PT-2 (MCBDΔ-BDΔF) were prepared via a two-step chemical imidization procedure by the polymerization of MCBDΔ and aromatic diamine monomers, including 1,3-bisO-aminophenoxy) benzene ( 1:3:3ΔPB) and 2,2 1-bis =(4-aminophenoxy) benzene] hexafluoropropane (BDΔF), respectively. The MCBDΔ-PTI resins showed good solubility in polar aprotic solvents, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMΔ). Colorless and transparent l'T films were successfully prepared by the PNMI' solution. Effects of the alicyclic structure on the heat resistance and optical properties of PT films were studied. The measurement results indicated that the MCBD/Δ-PT films showed good thermal stability with the thermal decomposition temperatures (T5) of 4:3 6.0 °C for PT-1 and 450.9 °C for PT-2, respectively. Meanwhile, the MCBDA-PT films exhibited excellent optical transparency in the visible re gion (400-700 nm). The transmittance of the PT-1 and PT-2 films at the wavelength of 400 nm was 76.0% and 86.0%, respectively. Theyellownessindex(b·x·) of the l'Ifilmswas2.06and1.64 for PT-1 and P-2, respectively. The haze values were lower than 1.0% . The liquid crystal minicells were successfully assembled with PT-1 and P-2 as the alignment films for liquid crystal molecules. The test results indiwted that the rubbed MCBDΔ-PT alignment films could induce a pretilt angle of 1.:3° and 4.4° for PT-1 and PT-2, respectively. The liq uid crystal minicell fabricated with PT-1 alignment film showed a high voltage holding ratio over 98.00 % . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Nanchang University (Natural Science) is the property of Journal of Nanchang University (Natural Science) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences is the property of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)