1. Changes in nutraceutical quality of tomato under different organic substrates
- Author
-
Leonel Mendoza-Tacuba, Miguel Ángel Segura-Castruita, Cirilo Vásquez-Vásquez, José Luis García Hernández, Manuel Fortis-Hernández, Miguel Ángel Gallegos-Robles, and Pablo Preciado-Rangel
- Subjects
Soil Science ,1,1 biphenyl ,Plant Science ,phenols ,Horticulture ,engineering.material ,SB1-1110 ,1,1 bifenil ,2-picrilhidrazil ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Solanum lycopersicum ,Phenols ,Cultivar ,Gallic acid ,fenóis ,Compost ,Plant culture ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,lycopene ,040401 food science ,Manure ,Lycopene ,chemistry ,licopeno ,engineering ,Trolox ,Vermicompost - Abstract
Yield and nutraceutical quality of Sahel tomato cultivar under shade net was evaluated using different mixtures of organic substrates in Coahuila, northern Mexico. The treatments consisted of mixtures using sand (S), vermicompost (VC), solarized bovine manure (SB), agricultural soil (AS) and mineralized compost (MC). The treatments were: T1 (S:VC, 80:20), T2 (S:SB, 80:20), T3 (S:SB:AS, 80:15:05), T4 (S:VC:AS, 80:15:05), T5 (S:MC, 80:20), and a control treatment T6 (S, 100%) with Steiner solution. Yield results showed that the best organic treatments were T5 and T4 with 3.48 and 3.33 kg plant-1, respectively; while the highest yield was in control (T6) with 3.71 kg plant-1. The highest phenolic content in the organic treatment of fruits was 56.94 mg equivalent of gallic acid per 100 g in fresh weight for T5, while the treatment with chemical fertilization obtained 49.82. The greatest antioxidant capacity was obtained in T4, with 478.34 μM equivalent of Trolox/100 g fresh weight. Two colors were evaluated (yellow and red) corresponding to two ripeness phases. Lycopene content in tomatoes was in average 32% higher in the red colored fruits than in the yellow ones, with 3.12 and 2.24 mg lycopene 100 g pulp-1 values, respectively. For the red ones, treatment T5 showed the highest value (3.52) and in yellow ones T1 reported 2.35, while T2 presented the lowest values for both colors. Organic fertilizers based on S:VC can induce good amounts of lycopene in fruits of both colors, as well as improve phenols and antiOX. RESUMO Avaliou-se em Coahuila, norte do México, o rendimento e a qualidade nutracêutica da cultivar de tomate Sahel sob malha sombreada. Foram utilizadas diversas misturas de substratos orgânicos consistindo das misturas utilizando areia (S), vermicomposto (VC), esterco bovino solarizado (SB), solo agrícola (AS) e composto mineralizado (MC). Os tratamentos foram: T1 (S:VC, 80:20), T2 (S:SB, 80:20), T3 (S:SB:AS, 80:15:05), T4 (S:VC:AS, 80:15:05), T5 (S:MC, 80:20), e um tratamento controle T6 (S, 100%) com solução de Steiner. Os resultados de produtividade mostraram que os melhores tratamentos orgânicos foram T5 e T4 com 3,48 e 3,33 kg planta-1, respectivamente; enquanto o maior rendimento foi obtido no controle com 3,71 kg planta-1. O maior teor fenólico nos frutos sob tratamento orgânico foi de 56,94 mg equivalentes de ácido gálico por 100 g de peso fresco para T5, enquanto o tratamento com adubação química obteve 49,82. A maior capacidade antioxidante foi obtida em T4, com 478,34 μM equivalente de Trolox/100 g de peso fresco. Foram avaliadas duas fases de amadurecimento nos frutos (amarelo e vermelho). O conteúdo de licopeno no tomate foi, em média, 32% maior nos frutos de cor vermelha que nos amarelos, com 3,12 e 2,24 mg de licopeno 100 g polpa-1, respectivamente. Para os vermelhos, o tratamento T5 apresentou o maior valor (3,52) e nos amarelos T1, 2,35, enquanto o T2 apresentou os menores valores para as duas cores. Adubos orgânicos à base de S:VC podem induzir boas quantidades de licopeno em frutos de ambas as cores, além de melhorar fenóis e antiOX.
- Published
- 2018