1. Purification of kavalactones from Alpinia zerumbet and their protective actions against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells.
- Author
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Rao, Yerra Koteswara, Shih, Hui-Nung, Lee, Yi-Ching, Cheng, Wen-Tai, Hung, Hui-Chin, Wang, Huang-Chi, Chen, Ching Jung, Tzeng, Yew-Min, and Lee, Meng-Jen
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CHEMICAL purification , *LACTONES , *HYDROGEN peroxide , *ZINGIBERACEAE , *NEUROPROTECTIVE agents - Abstract
This study found that fruit shells of shell ginger ( Alpinia zerumbet ) are a rich source of the kavalactones dihydro-5,6-dehydrokavain (DDK) and 5,6-dehydrokavain (DK). The fruit shell extraction with hexane resulted in good purity and higher yields of DDK and DK than did chloroform, ethanol, 10% ethanol, methanol or water. Additionally, this study examined the neuroprotective effects of DDK and DK against H 2 O 2 -induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells and the possible molecular mechanisms involved. 16 h after stimulation with 400 μM H 2 O 2 , the viability (MTT reduction) of PC12 cells decreased while membrane damage (LDH release) was noticeably increased. However, pretreatment for 6 h with DDK and DK (1 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM and 50 μM) rescued PC12 cells from H 2 O 2 -induced cytotoxicity, as evidenced by decreased LDH release and increased cell viability. DDK and DK inhibit the MAPK family member p38, activate AKT, and reduce caspase-3 activity. DDK also reduced the oxidative status in H 2 O 2 -treated PC12 cells. Together, our data indicate that the A. zerumbet constituents, DDK and DK, exert a protective effect against oxidative stress-induced PC12 cell death and that the regulation of p-Akt and the p38 MAPK, and of oxidative states may be involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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