24 results on '"Açıkbaş, Gökhan"'
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2. Induced superhydrophobic and antimicrobial character of zinc metal modified ceramic wall tile surfaces
- Author
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Özcan, Selçuk, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, and Çalış Açıkbaş, Nurcan
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The effect of silicon nitride powder characteristics on SiAlON microstructures, densification and phase assemblage
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Özcan, Selçuk, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Özbay, Nurgül, and Açıkbaş, Nurcan Çalış
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- 2017
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4. Turkish Lunar Regolith Simulant TBG-1
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Toklu, Y. Cengiz, primary, Çalış Açıkbaş, Nurcan, additional, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, additional, Erdem Çerçevik, Ali, additional, and Akpınar, Pınar, additional
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- 2023
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5. POLYESTER COMPOSITE MATERIAL PRODUCTION USING WASTE OF PET WATER BOTTLES AND PINE
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Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Gökdai, Duygu, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Gökdai, Duygu, and Açıkbaş, Gökhan
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PET Bottle Wastes ,Composites - Abstract
Polyester Composite Material Production Using Waste of Pet Water Bottles and Pine. Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi TÜBİTAK – BİDEB - 2209
- Published
- 2016
6. Grafit atık takviyeli epoksi matrisli kompozitlerin karakterizasyonu
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Açıkgöz, Çağlayan, Çalış Açıkbaş, Nurcan, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Açıkgöz, Çağlayan, Çalış Açıkbaş, Nurcan, and Açıkbaş, Gökhan
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Epoksi ,Eğme Dayanımı ,Grafit ,Elastik Modül ,Kompozit - Abstract
Kompozit malzemeler bugünün ve geleceğin vazgeçilmez malzemesi olarak görülmektedir. Özellikle de polimer matrist kompozitler bu alanda çok önemli bir yer tutmaktadır ve önemi gittikçe artmaktadır. Bunda polimer malzemelerin mühendislik uygulamalarındaki hafiflik, üretilebilirlik, ekonomiklik gibi vazgeçilmez özelliklerinin etkili olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. Kompozit malzeme teknolojisinde çelik kadar sağlam ve çeliğin 4'te 1 yoğunluğa sahip bir malzeme üretmek mümkün olabilmektedir. Grafit, yaklaşık olarak %80-88 oranında saf karbon içeren, yumuşak, siyah renkli bir karbon mineralidir. Grafit çok yüksek sıcaklıklara dayanabilir. Son dönemlerde, uzay kapsüllerinin ısı kalkanlarının yapımında da grafitten yararlanılmaya başlanmıştır. Epoksiler, iki ya da daha fazla epoksit içeren bileşenlerden oluşurlar. Polifenol'ün epiktoridin ile bazik şartlarda reaksiyonu sonucu elde edilirler. Viskoz ve açık renkli bir sıvı halindedirler. Yapılan çalışmada epoksi içine grafit ısıtıcı element atığı katılarak iyi mekanik özelliklere sahip polimer matrisli kompozit malzeme üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmayla birlikte epoksinin maliyeti düşürülüp atıkların değerlendirilmesi sağlanmıştır. 90 pm altındaki partikül boyutuna sahip grafit takviye elemanı epoksi içine katılarak dolgu oranının mekanik özellikler üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Hazır kalıplama yöntemiyle yapılan döküm işlemlerinden sonra nihai ürünlere Shore-D sertligi, 3-nokta eğme deneyi, elastik modül, yoğunluk ölçümü ve SEM analizi yapılmıştır. En iyi eğme dayanımı %70 epoksi: %30 grafit ve en iyi elastik modül %40 epoksi: %60 grafit kompozisyonundaki malzemelerde elde edilmiştir.
- Published
- 2016
7. Effect of Chemical Treatment on Polyester Matrix Composites Reinforced with Chestnut Waste
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Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Gökdai, Duygu, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Gökdai, Duygu, and Açıkbaş, Gökhan
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Polymer Matrix Composites ,Polyester ,Chemical Treatment ,Mechanical Properties ,Chestnut Wastes - Abstract
In recent years due to same ecologtal and environmental apprehension [n the fabrication of thermoplastic composites natural fibers have been preferred instead af using inorganic fillers. The increasing demand for thermoplastic composites has led to find new resources A wide variety Of fibe' materials are available for the polymer such as corncobs, nutshell, pepper stem, cereal straw and even cellulose wastes One of these materia's is chestnut shell. Turkey has a large quantity of chesnut tree in the East Black Sea subsection, the Marrnara region, and the Antalya coastal area via the West Anatolia subsection. Aim of this study was to produce polymer matrix composites by using treated chestnut waste as filler and polyester as polymer matrix with casting method Cobalt naphthenate as accelerator and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide as hardener were used to produce polyester matrix camposites Chestnut powder was treated with sodium hydroxide and acetic acid solution Polyester amount was kept [n constant and chestnut ratios were changed from 3% to in weight Effect of chemical treatment was investigated by evaluating some rnechamcal properties such as flexural strength, elastic modulus, hardness and some physical features such as density and water absorption According to test results using treated filler has decreased the bending strength values in ratio. It was observed that chemical treatment hag no signiñnnt effect on elastic modulus and hardness values of the composites. While impact strength values have decreased With the increase in chestnut there IS an % decrement when treated chestnut filler was
- Published
- 2016
8. Effect Of Chestnut And Glass Powder On Some Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Polyester Composites
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Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Gökdai, Duygu, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Gökdai, Duygu, and Açıkbaş, Gökhan
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Glass Powder Wastes ,Polymer Matrix Composites ,Polyester ,Mechanical Properties ,Chestnut Wastes - Abstract
Natural resources decrease due to the increase of world population and consumption Th erefore, it is to use ofour natural resources more t man mer. Clag powders, the most widely used at over •90* of all reinforcements with thermoplastic or thermoset rmtrices, are available in rrany forrns to produce various commercial and industrial products All types ofglass powders have high therrmal resistance, Icø*' coefficient of thermal expansion high density and insulating properties Chestnut tree abundantly exists in the East Black Sea subsection, the Marmara region, and the Antalya coastal area via the West Anatolia subsection in Túrkey_ The nuts are used by confectioners, eater, roasted and ground to make four. In this study polymer matrix composites were manufactured using chestnut waste and glass powder as filler and polyester as polymer matrix with casting method. Polyester: filler ratio was kept in constant and chestnut: glass powder ratios were changed Some mechanical properties ofcomposite materials were investigated and final product to determine ther fiexural strength. elastic rr.odulus, hardness as well as some physical features such as density and water absorption The experimental results showed that increasing ratio of chestnut had led to decreasing of strength. Elastic modulus and hardness values were similar for all type of composites. Class powder added to chestnut in a ratio of 6% caused ta decreasing of strength in 18% Ceramic phase yielded an increase of approximately in the elastic modulus of the cornpc•sites. Generally im pact st'engt_h values were decreased with the increasing of ±escnut and glass powder filler ratio in all sam ples In addition impact strength of the composites Filled with glass powder has lower values •n comparision to composites Filled with only chestnut waste
- Published
- 2016
9. DEPENDENCE OF SiAlON-TiN COMPOSITE PROPERTIES ON TiN REINFORCEMENT PARTICLE SIZES
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Çalış Açıkbaş, Nurcan, primary and Açıkbaş, Gökhan, additional
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- 2018
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10. Interfacial and physico-mechanical properties of walnut shell fiber reinforced polyester matrix composites
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Açıkbaş, Gökhan, primary
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- 2018
- Full Text
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11. Effect of Marble Hop Waste Ratios on Mechanical Properties of Polyester Matrix Composites
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Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Andoğlu, Ecem Müge, Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, and Andoğlu, Ecem Müge
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Polymer Matrix Composites ,Hop Wastes ,Polyester ,Marble Wastes ,Mechanical Properties - Abstract
In developing countries, the methods used to recycle and re-use waste materials should be investigated in order to benefit from natural resources effectively. In our country, there are a lot of waste materials which have economic value. One of them is waste marble (Uygunoğlu et al., 2014). As a result of its geological location, Turkey possesses very rich, natural stone reserves in various colours and patterns (Çelik and Sabah, 2008). Marble wastes are generated by quarries and processing plants in different forms. The large amount of marble wastes is a serious problem for the industry and the environment (Tozsin et al., 2014).The by-product generated from marble processing is a powdered dust and may represent an environmental problem (Ghazy and Gad, 2014). Many researchers recently were interested in studying the possibility of recycle and re-use of such wastes in useful industries (Aliabdo et al., 2014). Natural stone powder is generally used as a raw material or reinforcement material in various areas such as building materials, bricks, ceramics, cement additives, desulphurization processes and infiltration. In addition, natural stone powder can be used in the production of polymer based composite material (Bilgin et al., 2012). The composite manufacturing has been a wide area of research and it is the preferred choice due to its superior properties like low density, stiffness, light weight and possesses better mechanical properties. This has found its wide applications in aerospace, automotive, marine and sporting industries (Gopinath et al., 2014). A composite material is a non uniform solid consisting of two or more different materials that are mechanically bonded together. Each of the various components retains its identity in the composite and maintains its characteristic structure and properties. Generally, the structure of a composite consists of two phases, matrix and reinforcement. Composite materials may be selected to give unusual combinations of stiffness, strength, weight, high-temperature performance, corrosion resistance, hardness, or conductivity (Askeland et al., 2010).
- Published
- 2015
12. Effect of Marble Pine Cone Waste Ratıos on Mechanical Properties of Polyester Matrix Composites
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Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Gökdai, Duygu, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Gökdai, Duygu, and Açıkbaş, Gökhan
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Polymer Matrix Composites ,Pine Cone Wastes ,Polyester ,Marble Wastes ,Mechanical Properties - Abstract
There is still a going research interest to find out alternative source of materials for composite manufacturing. Therefore, alternative non-wood based materials may play an important role in the forest product industry. Pine cone, a renewable resource, has not been used effectively. It is collected, dried to facilitate seed release, and generally discarded or burned in stoves in winter. Also, cone collection does not require extra costs. In this study, polymer matrix composites were manufactured using pine cone and marble wastes as filler and polyester as polymer matrix with casting method. Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide as hardener and cobalt naphthenate as accelerator were used to produce polyester matrix composites. Polyester: filler ratio was kept in constant and pine cone: marble waste ratios were changed. Mechanical properties of composite materials were investigated and the final product tested to determine their flexural strength, elastic modulus, hardness as well as some physical features such as density and water absorption. The experimental results showed that strength and hardness of the composite materials decreased with the increase in pine cone: marble waste ratio.
- Published
- 2015
13. Effect of Vitreous China Sanitaryware Waste Amount on Polyester Matrix Composite Properties
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Açıkbaş, Gökhan and Göçmez, Hasan
- Abstract
Seramik sağlık gereçleri alanında Türkiye, Avrupa'da en çok üretim yapan ülke konumundadır. Senelik 320.000 tonluk üretim miktarı, 21,3 milyonluk üretim adediyle ve üretiminin %60'ını ihraç etmesi nedeniyle ülke ekonomisinde önemli bir konuma sahiptir. Bu nedenle üretim esnasında oluşan atıkların miktarı ve çevreye olan etkisi düşünüldüğünde bu atıkların etkili bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi büyük bir önem arz etmektedir. Üretici firmalar oluşan yaş atığın büyük bir bölümünü değerlendirebilselerde sinterlenmiş ürünün değerlendirilmesinde üretim kısıtlamaları nedeniyle bu mümkün olamamaktadır. Bu durum atıkların farklı alanlarda fayda sağlayacak şekilde değerlendirilmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada seramik sağlık gereçleri alanında üretim yapan bir firmanın atık vitreous china bünyeli sinterlenmiş ürünleri, belirli bir boyut aralığında olacak şekilde öğütülerek polyester matris içerisine farklı oranlarda katılarak kompozit sağlık gereci ürünler (lavabo vb.) elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen kompozit ürünün mekanik ve fiziksel özelliklerine atık sağlık gereci seramik ürün miktarının etkisi tartışılmıştır. Kompozit ürüne, üç nokta eğme, elastik modül, sertlik, % su emme, % toplam porozite, bulk yoğunluk, teorik yoğunluk, % açık porozite testleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen ürünlerin mikro yapıları, kullanılan tozların tane şekilleri Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu(SEM)-İkincil Electron(SE) dedektörü kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Artan atık seramik miktarı ile kompozit ürünlerde eğme mukavemetinde belirgin bir değişim görülmezken, sertlik ve elastik modul değerleri artmıştır. Artan seramik atık miktarı ile % su emme değerleri benzer iken % açık porozite, % toplam porozite, bulk yoğunluk değerleri artmıştır., The manufacturing of 320000 tons with 21.3 million pieces and exporting 60 % of them make Turkey as leading country at the production of sanitaryware field in the Europa. In the meantime, high amount of sanitaryware production and subsequent effect on the environment requires effective assessment of waste. Although manufacturer effectively utilize wet waste, sintered waste is difficult to regain due to some processing technical hitches. In this respect, the evaluation of waste materials in the various field needs to be investigated. In this study, polyester composite were obtained by adding certain size of vitreous china body waste from company produced sanitaryware products(sink etc.). The mechanical and physical properties of composites were determined in terms of effect of the amount of ceramic waste added into matrix. Elastic module, bending strength, hardness, water absorption, porosity and density were attained. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) determined the grain size and morphology of samples. While the content of ceramic waste addition in the composites increased, bending strength did not change significantly but hardness and elastic modulus improved. Water absorption of composites did not changed whereas open and total porosity and bulk density were increased upon the addition of ceramic waste into polymer matrix.
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- 2017
14. Characterization and properties of industrial polymer matrix composite sanitarywares
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Açıkbaş, Gökhan, primary and Göçmez, Hasan, additional
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- 2017
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15. Polyester Matrisli Kompozit Özeliklerine Vitrifiye Seramik Sağlık Gereci Atık Miktarının Etkisi
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Açıkbaş, Gökhan, primary and Göçmez, Hasan, additional
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- 2017
- Full Text
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16. Production and characterization of a hybrid polymer matrix composite
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Açıkbaş, Gökhan, primary, Özcan, Selçuk, additional, and Çalış Açıkbaş, Nurcan, additional
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- 2017
- Full Text
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17. COMPARISON OF PINE CONE POWDER MICA CONTENT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYESTER COMPOSITES
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Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Gökdai, Duygu, Yılmaz, Sevcan, Akpınar Borazan, Alev, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, and Gökdai, Duygu
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Powder ,Pine ,Cone - Abstract
Wood as a building material is as old as mankind.
- Published
- 2008
18. Production and characterization of a hybrid polymer matrix composite.
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Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Özcan, Selçuk, and Çalış Açıkbaş, Nurcan
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POLYMERS , *EPOXY resins , *GLASS fibers , *SCANNING electron microscopes , *DENSITY - Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop low cost hybrid composites with enhanced mechanical properties by the addition of industrial wall tile and glass fiber wastes into epoxy resin. This process not only reduces the production cost, but also helps to eliminate solid wastes. The detailed characterization of waste particulate fillers was performed by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray fluorescence, laser diffraction, and He gas picnometer techniques. The effects of the ceramic particulates to glass fiber ratio and the particle size of the waste materials on the physical and mechanical properties were determined with a fixed polymer to filler ratio of 40:60. The density, three point bending strength, impact resistance and hardness of the hybrid composites were measured. The results indicated that when the filler particle size increased, the bulk density almost remained unchanged, and the bending strength and impact resistance decreased, while the hardness and flexural modulus were almost constant. Because of the weak matrix‐reinforcement interphase, mechanical properties deteriorated with the increasing amount of waste glass fiber and better mechanical properties were achieved with the use of finer particles. As a result of incorporation of industrial wastes such as ground ceramic wall tile and glass fiber instead of expensive fillers, low cost reinforcement of the hybrid epoxy matrix composites was achieved. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:4080–4093, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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19. Seramik yüzeylerinde mikromorfoloji oluşturulması
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Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Kara, Ferhat, Diğer, and Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
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Seramik Mühendisliği ,Ceramic Engineering ,Seramik -- Yüzeyler - Abstract
Tez (yüksek lisans) - Anadolu Üniversitesi, Anadolu Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Seramik Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Kayıt no: 415678, Bu tezde, seramik yüzeylerde süperhidrofobik yüzey özelliğinin elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Su damlasının üzerinde 150°'den büyük açı yaptığı yüzeyler süperhirofobik yüzeyler olarak adlandırılır. Böyle bu yüzeyin süperhidrofobik özellik gösterebilmesi için hem üzerinde mikrometre mertebesinde pürüzlülük hem de doğal olarak hidrofobik olan malzemeden imal edilmiş olması gerekir. Bu nedenle sırlı karo yüzeyinde uçucu organik maddeler kullanılarak mikro mertebede bir pürüzlülük oluşturulmuştur.Yüzeylerin morfolojik gelişimi taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile incelenmiştir. Düzenli morfolojiye sahip yüzeyler organik bir kaplama malzemesiyle kaplanmıştır. Temas açısı gonyometresi kullanılarak kaplanmış morfolojik yüzey, düz yüzey ve kaplanmışdüz yüzey numunelerin temas açıları ölçülüp, kıyaslanmıştır. Uygun morfolojiye sahip yüzeylerin teorik yüzey pürüzlülük faktörleri hesaplanmıştır. Tezde elde edilen yüzeylerde, pürüzlülük faktörleri ile temas açıları arasında bir ilgileşim olmadığıgörülmüştür. Ancak, oluşturulan morfolojilerin temas açısını 100°'den 130° civarına çıkardığı görülmüştür.
- Published
- 2007
20. Formation of Superhydrophobic Character on Ceramic Surfaces.
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Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Özcan, Selçuk, and Açıkbaş, Nurcan Çalış
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SUPERHYDROPHOBIC surfaces , *CERAMICS , *ADDITIVES , *MICROSTRUCTURE , *SURFACE chemistry , *SURFACE roughness , *ADHESION , *CONTACT angle - Abstract
The superhydrophobicity of surfaces is important in an increasing variety of technological areas including self-cleaning surfaces, antifogging surfaces, resistance to oxidation, drag reduction, and more. In nature a superhydrophobic character is common to many plants, such as lotus leaves. A superhydrophobic surface are taken as the basis of a self-cleaning mechanism in which water drops completely roll off and carry undesirable particles. This self-cleaning or lotus effect is caused by both the texture of the leaf surface and the intrinsic chemistry of the surface. The roughness of the surface leads to very large contact angles close to 180o for a liquid drop on the surface. Beyond the existence of large contact angles, very low adhesion, characterized by a small contact angle hysteresis, is a prerequisite for many applications. Recently the functionalisation of surfaces has received significant attention in ceramic sector. However either applied techniques are expensive or durability of surfaces is not sufficient. For this reason it is necessary to develop economical production routes and more durable surfaces. In order to solve this problem, micron scale roughness was formed on glazed tile surfaces by using economical organic materials and nano-sized inorganic powders. These special organic additives was applied on the surfaces by using different processing techniques in order to modify surface energy. Morphological evolution of the surfaces was examined by scanning electron microscopy and stereo microscope. Contact angle of surfaces were measured by contact angle goniometer after the surfaces were coated with an organic solution in order to make the surface chemistry effects same for all of the surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
21. Characterization of Green Epoxy Matrix Composites Filled with Ceramic Wastes.
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Açıkbaş, Gökhan, Açıkbaş, Nurcan Çalış, İkizek, Emre, Özel, Murat, and Eker, Ahmet Sinan
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- *
PORCELAIN , *BORON compounds , *RESIN custom compounds , *SCANNING electron microscopy , *CERAMICS , *POROSITY - Abstract
The main objective of this study is the use of porcelain and boron ceramic wastes as a filler in epoxy matrices in order to reduce resin cost and improve mechanical properties. Firstly optimum filler content had been determined and then the effect of particle size on mechanical properties such as hardness, bending strength and elastic modulus was evaluated. The characterization of fillers was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The results show that addition of 60 wt.% of ceramic wastes is optimum content for casting. Epoxy matrix composites with porcelain waste added showed better properties than boron waste added composites due to more porosity evolution. The results revealed that addition of porcelain waste is an economic and effective method to increase mechanical properties and to reduce the residue of ceramic wastes from industrial production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
22. The effect of sintering regime on superhydrophobicity of silicon nitride modified ceramic surfaces
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Nurcan Calis Acikbas, Gokhan Acikbas, and Açıkbaş, Gökhan
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Morphology (linguistics) ,Materials science ,Sintering ,Clay industries. Ceramics. Glass ,si3n4 ,02 engineering and technology ,Common method ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0103 physical sciences ,Ceramic ,Composite material ,010302 applied physics ,micro-nano hybrid structures ,sintering ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,ceramic surfaces ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,TP785-869 ,Silicon nitride ,chemistry ,Hydrophobic polymer ,visual_art ,Ceramics and Composites ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,0210 nano-technology ,superhydrophobicity - Abstract
"Early Access" The most common method of obtaining a superhydrophobic surface is to create a specific surface morphology and then coat it with a hydrophobic polymer. Numerous such morphological surfaces have been developed but are often fragile. Ceramic-based coatings show longer life with high wear resistance. In this study, surface micro-nano surface morphology was developed with β-Si3N4 powder and the influence of sintering regime on contact angle of ceramic surfaces was investigated. The contact angle, surface energy and surface roughness were determined from the developed surfaces and surface morphology analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, phase evolution was determined by X-Ray diffraction. Changes in sintering regimes lead to different phase evolutions, roughness, surface topography, surface free energies and contact angles. The superhydrophobicity resulted mainly due to the surface structure/topography in the micro-nano hybrid structures of β-Si3N4 crystals. The highest water contact angle achieved was 166º of the samples sintered at 980°C for 5 min. Bu yayın "UNESCO-TURKEY [2014]" tarafından desteklenmiştir. WOS:000640590900001 Q2
- Published
- 2021
23. Investigation of Antibacterial and Superhydrophobic Properties of Zinc Oxide Modified Porcelain Tile Glazes
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Kayalı, Mehmet Behlül, Çalış Açıkbaş, Nurcan, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, and Kayalı, Mehmet Behlül
- Subjects
Süperhidrofobik ,Porselen Karo ,Temas Açısı ,Superhdyrophobic ,Contact Angle ,Antibakteriyel Etki ,Nano Çinko Oksit ,Antibacterial Effect ,Porcelain Tile ,Nano Zinc Oxide - Abstract
Porselen karolar düşük gözeneklilik seviyesi, iyi mekanik özellikleri, termal şok ve donmaya karşı dayanımları nedeniyle yoğun şekilde birçok alanda kaplama malzemesi olarak kullanılmaktadır. Çinko oksit seramik sırlarda genelde parlaklığı arttırmak ve sır çatlağını önlemek amacıyla ilave edilmektedir. Çinko oksit aynı zamanda antibakteriyel etkinliğe ve kendinden süperhidrofobik özelliğe sahip önemli bir metal oksittir. Gerçekleştirilen tez çalışmasında çinko oksitin kendinden süperhidrofobik özelliğinden faydalanmak ve antibakteriyel yüzey gelişimi için çinko oksit ile modifiye edilmiş porselen karo sırları geliştirilmiş ve yüzey özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Tez kapsamında, sır partikül boyutunun, çinko oksit tozunun partikül boyutunun (mikro ve nano), sır kaplama kalınlığının ve proses koşullarının yüzey özelliklerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Yüzey morfolojisi ve nano çinko oksit tozlarının dağılma davranışı taramalı elektron mikroskobu SE, BSE ve EDX dedektörleri yardımıyla, faz gelişimi X-Işınları difraksiyon cihazı ile temas açısı, temas açısı gonyometresi kullanılarak ölçülmüş antibakteriyel testler SANİTER laboratuarlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak nano çinko oksit katkılı yüzeylerin antibakteriyel özelliğe (R: 2.2-2.4) sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Geliştirilen yüzeylerde elde edilen maksimum temas açısı 77o olup, süperhidrofobik yüzeyler (θ>150°) elde edilememiştir. Mikron boyutunda çinko oksit ilavesi ile yapılan sır kompozisyonlarının endüstriyel fırında pişirim sonrasında wilmenit (Zn2SiO4) fazı gelişimi gözlenirken, nano boyutta çinko oksit kullanımı zinsit fazı (ZnO) gelişimini sağlanmıştır. Nano çinko oksit tozunun diğer ilaveler ile birlikte ilave edildiğinde yüzeyde çatlamalar gözlenirken, nano tozun farklı ortamda dağıtıldıktan sonra ilave edilmesiyle çatlama problemi giderilmiştir. Nano tozların farklı ortamda dağıtma işlemi için STPP ve Darvan-C olmak üzere iki farklı türde dağıtıcı kullanılmış ve her iki dağıtıcının da nano çinko oksit tozlarını dağıtmada etkin olduğu yüzeyde çatlama olmadığı gözlenmiştir. Tek ve çift kat sır uygulaması yapılan yüzeylerde kuruma ve pişme sonrasında çatlama problemi ile karşılaşılmamıştır. Porcelain tiles are used as a coating material in many areas due to their low porosity level, good mechanical properties, thermal shock and frost resistance. In general, to increase the brightness of zinc oxide ceramic glazes and to stain the glaze crack. Zinc oxide is also an important metal oxide with antibacterial activity and superhydrophobic in itself. In the thesis study carried out, porcelain tile glazes modified with zinc oxide were investigated in order to benefit from the superhydrophobic feature of zinc oxide and to develop an antibacterial surface, and the surface was enlivened. The effect of the thesis coating, the particle size, the particle size of the zinc oxide powder (micro and nano), the thickness of the coating sequence and the surface of the process conditions were studied. Surface morphology and dispersion behavior of nano zinc oxide powders were monitored with scanning electron microscopy SE, BSE and EDX detectors, phase development X-Rays diffraction device, contact, contact angle laboratoryometry and measured antimicrobial tests were performed at SANITER. As a result, it was determined that nano zinc oxide doped surfaces have antibacterial properties (R: 2.2-2.4). The maximum contact angle obtained on the developed surfaces was 77°, and superhydrophobic surfaces (> 150) could not be obtained. While the wilmenite (Zn2SiO4) phase development was observed after the industrial firing of the glaze compositions made with the addition of zinc oxide in micron size, the use of nano-sized zinc oxide provided the development of the zinsite phase (ZnO). While cracks were observed on the surface when nano zinc oxide powder was added with other additives, the problem of cracking was solved by adding the nano powder after it was dispersed in a different environment. Two different types of dispersants, STPP and Darvan-C, were used for the dispersion of nano powders in different environments, and it was observed that both dispersants were effective in dispersing nano zinc oxide powders. No cracking problem was encountered after drying and firing on surfaces with single and double glaze application. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi – BAP - 2019-01.BŞEÜ.03-01. Bilecik Seyh Edebali University Scientific Research Project - BAP - 2019-01.BŞEÜ.03-01.
- Published
- 2021
24. Investigation of properties and manufacturability of bioparticule reinforced polymer matrix biocomposites
- Author
-
Can, Oğuzhan, Islak, Bilge Yaman, ESOGÜ, Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi, Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Yaman Islak, Bilge, Açıkbaş, Gökhan, and Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Biyopartikül ,Polymer composites ,Biyokompozit Malzemeler ,Doğal Atık ,Metalurji Mühendisliği ,Biocomposite Materials ,Polimer ,Waste Materials ,Plant fibers ,Metallurgical Engineering ,Biofiber ,Polymer - Abstract
ÖZET Kompozit malzemeler, endüstrinin her alanında sağladıkları avantajlar nedeniyle, istenilen farklı tipteki mekanik, fiziksel veya kimyasal özellikleri yeterli olmayan polimer malzemelerin farklı tipte ve miktarlarda doğal lif ya da sentetik fiberler ile desteklenmesi sonucunda üretilen karma yapılı malzemelerdir. Özellikle lifli kompozit yapıların geliştirilmesi ve özellikleri üzerine, son zamanlarda çok sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte; yeni araştırmalar yapay fiberler yerine doğal fiberlerle üretilebilecek biyokompositlerin üretimi üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu çalışmalar kesik elyaf üretim süreçlerinde üretim yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesi ve aynı zamanda bu polimerlere ilişkin özellik profili geliştirilmesi ile ilgilidir. Yapılan çalışmanın biyokompozit oluşturabilecek atık sınıfında değerlendirilebilecek kadar ucuz doğal fiberlerin kompozit bileşiminde kullanılarak biyopolimerlerin üretilebilirliliğin araştırılması ve özelliklerinin tespitini kapsamaktadır.Bu çalışmada, doğal lif takviyeli kompozit malzemelerde takviye malzemesi olarak en çok kullanılan selüloz esaslı doğal lifler yerine yine lifli yapıya sahip çam kozalağı ve fındık kabuğu takviyesi kullanımı denenmiş, içyapıları, fiber-matris uyumu, özellikler üzerinde büyük etkisi olan fiber-matris bağ mukavemeti, kompozitlerin mekanik, fiziksel ve tribolojik özellikleri ayrıntılı olarak ilk defa incelenmiştir. Biyokompozitlerin üretilmesinde polietilen ve epoksi matris malzeme kullanılmıştır. Polietilen matrisli kompozitlerin üretiminde ekstrüzyon yöntemi, epoksi matrisli kompozitlerin üretiminde açık döküm yöntemi seçilmiştir. Proje kapsamında kompozit malzemelerin özelliklerine iki farklı takviye malzemesinin (öğütülmüş fındık kabuğu ve çam kozalağı) ve farklı miktarlarının (ağ. %5, %10, %20 ve %30) etkisi incelenmiştir. Farklı oran ve katkılara sahip kompozitlerin mekanik özelliklerin belirlenmesinde, sertlik, çekme ve eğme testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tribolojik karakterizasyon için; tungsten karbür aşındırıcı bilye kullanılarak oda sıcaklığında yağlayıcı olmadan bilye-disk (ball-on-disk) testleri gerçekleştirilerek sürtünme ve aşınma oranları belirlenmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Biyokompozit malzemeler, biyopartikül, polimer, doğal atık SUMMARYComposite materials(CM) are made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties that, when combined, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual constituents. A number of research projects have been carried out in the past few years especially about developing production and processing technologies of fiber reinforced composite materials. Natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites have attracted considerable attention in recent years because they can potentially cut product cost, improve mechanical properties, and are beneficial to the environment in applications. The investigations conducted ranged from the surface modifications, composite processing methods, to determination of physical properties. This study consists of investigation of properties and manufacturability of biocomposites by using low-cost biofibers classified as waste materials.In this study, the use of pine cones and hazelnut shell reinforcements which have been used as fiber reinforcing material in natural fiber reinforced composite materials instead of the most commonly used cellulose based natural fibers. Fiber-matrix bonding strength, fiber-matrix bond strength with great effect on properties, mechanical, physical and tribological properties of composites were investigated in detail for the first time. Polyethylene and epoxy matrix materials were used in the production of bio-composites. In the production of polyethylene matrix composites, extrusion method has been chosen for casting of epoxy matrix composites. Within the scope of the project, the effect of two different reinforcement materials (milled hazelnut shell and pine cone) and different amounts (10%, 20% and 30%) of the CM were investigated. For determination of the mechanical properties of composites with different ratios and additives, tensile, bending, hardness tests performed. For tribological characterization; by using tungsten carbide abrasive balls, ball-on-disk tests were carried out without lubricant at room temperature and friction and wear rates were determined.Keywords: Biocomposite Materials, Biofiber, Polymer, Waste Materials 67
- Published
- 2019
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