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1. The physical and biogeochemical parameters along the coastal waters of Saudi Arabia during field surveys in summer, 2021

Author

Y. O. Abualnaja, A. Pavlidou, J. H. Churchill, I. Hatzianestis, D. Velaoras, H. Kontoyiannis, V. P. Papadopoulos, A. P. Karageorgis, G. Assimakopoulou, H. Kaberi, T. Kannelopoulos, C. Parinos, C. Zeri, D. Ballas, E. Pitta, V. Paraskevopoulou, A. Androni, S. Chourdaki, V. Fioraki, S. Iliakis, G. Kabouri, A. Konstantinopoulou, G. Krokos, D. Papageorgiou, A. Papageorgiou, G. Pappas, E. Plakidi, E. Rousselaki, I. Stavrakaki, E. Tzempelikou, P. Zachioti, A. Yfanti, T. Zoulias, A. Al Amoudi, Y. Alshehri, A. Alharbi, H. Al Sulami, T. Boksmati, R. Mutwalli, and I. Hoteit

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

During the last decades, the coastal areas of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, on the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf, have been subjected to intense economic and industrial growth. As a result, it may be expected that the overall environmental status of Saudi Arabian coastal marine waters has been affected by human activities. As a consequence, adequate management of the Saudi Arabian coastal zone requires an assessment of how the various pressures within this zone impact the quality of seawater and sediments. To this end, environmental surveys were conducted over 15 hotspot areas (areas subject to environmental pressures) in the Saudi Arabian coastal zone of the Red Sea and over three hotspot areas in the Saudi Arabian waters of the Arabian Gulf. The survey in the Red Sea, conducted in June/July 2021, acquired measurements from hotspot areas spanning most of the Saudi coastline, extending from near the Saudi–Jordanian border in the north to Al Shuqaiq and Jizan Economic City (close to the Saudi–Yemen border) in the south. The survey in the Arabian Gulf, carried out in September 2021, included the areas of Al Khobar, Dammam and Ras Al Khair. The main objective of both cruises was to record the physical and biogeochemical parameters along the coastal waters of the kingdom, tracing the dispersion of contaminants related to specific pressures. Taken together, these cruises constitute the first multidisciplinary and geographically comprehensive study of contaminants within the Saudi Arabian coastal waters and sediments. The measurements acquired revealed the influence of various anthropogenic pressures on the coastal marine environment of Saudi Arabia and also highlighted a strong influence of hydrographic conditions on the distribution of biochemical properties in the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. The data can be accessed at SEANOE https://doi.org/10.17882/96463 (Abualnaja et al., 2023), whereas the details of the sampling stations are available at https://mcep.kaust.edu.sa/cruise-postings (last access: 25 March 2024). The dataset includes the parameters shown in Tables 1a, b and 2a.

Published
2024
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3. Optimizing Feature Selection for Industrial Casting Defect Detection Using QLESCA Optimizer

Author

Hamad, Qusay Shihab, Saleh, Sami Abdulla Mohsen, Suandi, Shahrel Azmin, Samma, Hussein, Hamad, Yasameen Shihab, Al Amoudi, Ibrahim, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Tan, Kay Chen, Series Editor, Ahmad, Nur Syazreen, editor, Mohamad-Saleh, Junita, editor, and Teh, Jiashen, editor

Published
2024
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4. YOLOv7-Tiny and YOLOv8n Evaluation for Face Detection

Author

Al Amoudi, Ibrahim, Ramli, Dzati Athiar, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Tan, Kay Chen, Series Editor, Ahmad, Nur Syazreen, editor, Mohamad-Saleh, Junita, editor, and Teh, Jiashen, editor

Published
2024
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5. AGVs and AMRs Robots: A Brief Overview of the Differences and Navigation Principles

Author

Saleh, Sami Abdulla Mohsen, Suandi, Shahrel Azmin, Ibrahim, Haidi, Hamad, Qusay Shihab, Al Amoudi, Ibrahim, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Tan, Kay Chen, Series Editor, Ahmad, Nur Syazreen, editor, Mohamad-Saleh, Junita, editor, and Teh, Jiashen, editor

Published
2024
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7. Investigating chloride-induced corrosion in reinforced concrete structures using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Author

Ahmed F. Shalabi, Omar S. Baghabra Al-Amoudi, Mohammed A. Al-Osta, Yakubu Sani Wudil, M.A. Gondal, Shamsad Ahmad, Salah U. Al-Dulaijan, Mohammed Ibrahim, and Esam Al-Nahari

Subjects
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, Sustainability, Chloride-induced corrosion, Reinforced concrete, Concrete non-destructive testing, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract

Reinforced concrete structures face significant annual expenditures in combating rebar corrosion, with chloride penetration identified as a major contributor. This study employs laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to quantitatively predict the chloride-induced corrosion rate in such structures. Eighty samples, characterized by known chloride content (ranging from 0 % to 1.0 %), underwent controlled corrosion processes with predetermined degrees measured as bar weight loss. The investigation included two cement types, Type I and Type V, along with samples incorporating pozzolanic materials (FA, SF, and GGBFS,) in addition to plain OPC samples. LIBS was subsequently employed to detect chlorine presence in each concrete sample, recording the corresponding intensity of the chlorine line. After the initial data acquisition, peak analysis was performed to identify the dominant spectral peaks, ensuring that the most relevant signals were isolated. Following this, the intensity of the chloride emission line from the LIBS spectrum was recorded and correlated with its corresponding chloride signal, establishing a quantitative relationship between the LIBS output and chloride presence. A model was then developed to link the LIBS signal intensity to its corresponding chloride concentration in the sample. In parallel, the corrosion rate associated with each specific chloride concentration was measured and then linked to the LIBS-derived chloride concentrations, creating a framework that ties the LIBS output to the actual rebar degradation within the concrete. Comparisons with previous studies demonstrated superior conformity of the developed models. The study also presents optimized parameters for the LIBS setup. Notably, results indicated a high correlation between LIBS intensity and chloride concentration, with the developed model accurately predicting the degree of corrosion.

Published
2024
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17. Immunocompromised-Associated Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Experience From the 2016/2017 Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Prospective Cohort Study*

Author

Gertz, Shira J., Bhalla, Anoopindar, Chima, Ranjit S., Emeriaud, Guillaume, Fitzgerald, Julie C., Hsing, Deyin D., Jeyapalan, Asumthia S., Pike, Francis, Sallee, Colin J., Thomas, Neal J., Yehya, Nadir, Rowan, Courtney M., Sforza, Jesica, Poterala, Rossana, Fernandez, Analia, Avila Vera, Antonio, Orqueda, Daniel, Agueda Vidal, Nilda, Rosemary, Deheza, Turon, Gonzalo, Monjes, Cecilia, Fernando Espanol, Segundo, Siaba Serrate, Alejandro, Iolster, Thomas, Torres, Silvio, Cinquegrani, Karina, Jose Montes, Maria, Capocasa, Patricia, Ferreyra, Marcela, Castellani, Pablo, Giampieri, Martin, Pedraza, Claudia, Martin Landry, Luis, Althabe, Maria, Vanesa Fortini, Yanina, Botta, Priscila, Paziencia, Fernando, Erickson, Simon, Barr, Samantha, Shea, Sara, Butt, Warwick, Delzoppo, Carmel, Pintimalla, Alyssa, Martinez Leon, Alejandro Fabio, Guzman Rivera, Gustavo Alfredo, Jouvet, Philippe, Emeriaud, Guillaume, Dumitrascu, Mariana, Ellen French, Mary, Caro, Daniel, Castillo, I, Andres, E., Cruces Romero, Pablo, Medina, Tania, Pavez Madrid, Paula, Cortez, Ambar, Alvear, Jimena, Acuna, Carlos, Diaz, Franco, Jose Nunez, Maria, Wegner Araya, Adriana, Godoy Mundaca, Loreto, Chen, Yang, Perez Lozano, German, Pardo Carrero, Rosalba, Lopez Alarcon, Yurika Paola, Mazzillo Vega, Liliana, Maria Izquierdo, Ledys, Piñeres Olave, Byron Enrique, Zuluaga Orrego, Cesar, Quinonez Lopez, Deyanira, Vasquez Hoyos, Pablo, Vavrina, Martin, Zurek, Jiri, Campos-Miño, Santiago, Yerovi, Rocio, Bridier, Armelle, Payen, Valerie, Milesi, Christophe, Bourgoin, Pierre, Travert, Brendan, Genuini, Mathieu, Starck, Julie, Maria, Matthieu, Guichoux, Julie, Baudin, Florent, Briassoulis, George, Ilia, Stavroula, Di Nardo, Matteo, Camporesi, Anna, Chiusolo, Fabrizio, Shime, Nobuaki, Ohshimo, Shinichiro, Kida, Yoshiko, Kyo, Michihito, Tabata, Yuichi, Fong Tang, Swee, Wern Tai, Chian, See Lum, Lucy Chai, Elghuwael, Ismail, Jimenez Rivera, Nestor Javier, Jarillo Quijada, Alberto E, Kneyber, Martin, Dijkstra, Sandra, Beca, John, Sherring, Claire, Miriam, Rea, Vargas G, Sonia I, Vasquez Miranda, Daniel, Ramirez Cortez, Grimaldo, Tantalean, Jose, Pagowska-Klimek, Izabela, Gil Escobar, Carlos, Sousa Moniz, Marta, Camilo, Cristina, Hazwani, Tarek, Aldairi, Nedaa, Al Amoudi, Ahmed, Alahmadti, Ahmad, Taylor, Ryan, Mendizabal, Mikel, Goni Orayen, Concepcion, Lopez Fernandez, Yolanda, Ramon Valle, Juan, Martinez, Lidia, Pilar Orive, Javier, Brezmes, Marta, Lopez-Herce, Jesus, Parrilla, Julio, Gaboli, Mirella, Gonzalez Gomez, Jose Manuel, Morales Martinez, Antonio, Alapont, Vicent Modesto I, Sanchez Diaz, Juan Ignacio, Llorente de la Fuente, Ana M., Palanca Arias, Daniel, Madurga Revilla, Paula, Martinez de Azagra, Amelia, Garcia Gonzalez, Maria, Arjona Villanueva, David, Garcia Casas, Paula, Brio Sanagustin, Sonia, Pons Odena, Marti, Medina, Alberto, Onate Vergara, Eider, Rodriguez Campoy, Patricia, Reyes Dominguez, Susana, Dursun, Oguz, Atike Ongun, Ebru, Kamit Can, Fulya, Berna Anil, Ayse, Baines, Paul, Walsh, Laura, Jones, Dawn, Sadasivam, Kalaimaran, Mildner, Reinout, Plunkett, Adrian, Lillie, Jon, Tibby, Shane, Wellman, Paul, Belfield, Holly, Brierley, Joe, Dominguez, Troy E., Abaleke, Eugenia, Feinstein, Yael, Deep, Akash, Sundararajan, Santosh, Oruganti, Siva, Silvestre, Catarina, Weitz, James, Sheward, Victoria, Macrae, Duncan, Aramburo, Angela, Fortune, Peter-Marc, Subramanian, Gayathri, Jennings, Claire, Dwarakanathan, Buvana, Inwald, David, Feather, Calandra, Agbeko, Rachel, Lawton-Woodhall, Angela, McIntyre, Karen, Sykes, Kim, Pappachan, Jon, Gale, Helen, Mellish, Christie, McCorkell, Jenni, Torero, Luis, Nofziger, Ryan, Latifi, Samir, Anthony, Heather, Sanders, Ron, Hefley, Glenda, Virk, Manpreet, Jaimon, Nancy, Maddux, Aline B., Mourani, Peter M., Ralston, Kimberly, Sierra, Yamila, Khemani, Robinder, Newth, Christopher, Bhalla, Anoopindar, Kwok, Jeni, Morzov, Rica, Mahapatra, Sidharth, Truemper, Edward, Kustka, Lucinda, Nett, Sholeen T., Singleton, Marcy, Dean Jarvis, J., Yehya, Nadir, Napolitano, Natalie, Murphy, Marie, Ronan, Laurie, Morgan, Ryan, Kubis, Sherri, Broden, Elizabeth, Willson, Douglas, Henderson, Grace, Gedeit, Rainer, Murkowski, Kathy, Woods, Katherine, Kasch, Mary, Han, Yong Y, Affolter, Jeremy T, Tieves, Kelly S, Hughes-Schalk, Amber, Chima, Ranjit S., Krallman, Kelli, Stoneman, Erin, Benken, Laura, Yunger, Toni, Schneider, James, Sweberg, Todd, Kessel, Aaron, Carroll, Christopher L., Santanelli, James, Ackerman, Kate G, Cullimore, Melissa, Rowan, Courtney, Bales, Melissa, Keith Dockery, W., Jafari-Namin, Shirin, Barry, Dana, Jane’t, Keary, Alibrahim, Omar, Patankar, Nikhil, Qiao, Haiping, Gertz, Shira, Su, Felice, Haileselassie, Bereketeab, Song, Hanqiu, Bysani, Kris, Monjure, Tracey, Beltramo, Fernando, Totapally, Balagangadhar, Govantes, Beatriz, Coates, Bria, Wellisch, Lawren, Allen, Kiona, Shukla, Avani, Thomas, Neal J., Spear, Debbie, Shein, Steven L., Gertz, Shira, Parker, Margaret M., Sloniewsky, Daniel, Allen, Christine, Harrell, Amy, Pinto, Neethi, Kniola, Allison, Rodgers, Chiara, Cvijanovich, Natalie, Typpo, Katri, Kelley, Connor, King, Caroline, Sapru, Anil, Ratiu, Anna, Ashtari, Neda, Sikora, Lindsay, Jeyapalan, Asumthia S., Coronado-Munoz, Alvaro, Flori, Heidi, Dahmer, Mary K., Jayachandran, Chaandini, Hume, Janet, Nerheim, Dan, Smith, Rebecca, Spaeder, Michael, Adu-Darko, Michelle, Smith, Lincoln, Hartmann, Silvia, Sullivan, Erin, Merritt, Courtney, Al-Subu, Awni, Blom, Andrea, Lin, John C., Spinella, Philip, Hsing, Deyin D., Pon, Steve, Brian Estil, Jim, Gautam, Richa, Giuliano, John S., Jr, and Tala, Joana

Published
2024
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19. The first record of the invasive mosquito species Aedes albopictus in Yemen

Author

Alia Zayed, Yasser Baheshm, Mohammed Al Amoudi, Salim Bin Shabiz, and Matthew Jensen Montgomery

Subjects
First record, Aedes albopictus, Invasive species, Al Mahrah, Yemen, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

The invasive mosquito Aedes albopictus is regarded as a public health threat due to its ability to transmit pathogens such as dengue and chikungunya viruses, its wide range of hosts, and its ecological plasticity. Aedes albopictus has already invaded parts of the Middle East region and further expansion is expected. Twenty-two sites in three districts of Yemen (Al Ghaydha, Hawf, and Sayhout) were screened for the presence of mosquitoes. We surveyed water bodies and containers, and deployed Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Biogents Sentinel (BG) traps, spray catches, and aspiration for adult collection. Aedes albopictus was recorded for the first time in Yemen in September 2023, during routine surveillance in Al Mahrah Governorate. Adults and immature stages of Ae. albopictus were identified in Hawf, a city 17 m above sea level in the easternmost part of the Governorate of Al Mahrah, which is located less than 8 km from the border with Oman. Our findings showed that Ae. albopictus adults were coexisting with both Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi in the same location and occupying the same containers with Ae. aegypti with a ratio of 1:2. This is the first report on the presence of Ae. albopictus in Yemen. The proximity, ongoing human activity and transportation exchanges between Al Mahrah and Oman may have played a role in the introduction of this species. Intensive efforts should be undertaken to monitor and manage Ae. albopictus spread in the country, in addition to coordinating cross-border surveillance with Oman. The presence of both Aedes spp. vectors together highlights the need for surveillance for associated diseases and consideration of countermeasures.

Published
2024
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26. Automatic Attendance System Using Face Recognition with Deep Learning Algorithm

Author

Al-Amoudi, Ibrahim, Samad, Rosdiyana, Abdullah, Nor Rul Hasma, Mustafa, Mahfuzah, Pebrianti, Dwi, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Isa, Khalid, editor, Md. Zain, Zainah, editor, Mohd-Mokhtar, Rosmiwati, editor, Mat Noh, Maziyah, editor, Ismail, Zool H., editor, Yusof, Ahmad Anas, editor, Mohamad Ayob, Ahmad Faisal, editor, Azhar Ali, Syed Saad, editor, and Abdul Kadir, Herdawatie, editor

Published
2022
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33. Development of eco-friendly hollow concrete blocks in the field using wasted high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, and crumb tire rubber

Author

Saeed M. Al-Tarbi, Omar S. Baghabra Al-Amoudi, Mohammed A. Al-Osta, Waleed A. Al-Awsh, Mohammed Rizwan Ali, and Mohammed Maslehuddin

Subjects
Polyethylene, Rubber, Strength, Thermal conductivity, Economic evaluation, Oil fuel usage, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997
Abstract

A new configuration of hollow concrete blocks was fabricated in the field. Three distinct types of hollow concrete blocks were produced to assess the effectiveness of such blocks in the market. In addition, the experimentally determined thermal resistance was used to calculate the expenses, oil consumption, and CO2 emissions. Blocks made with crumb rubber failed in the ASTM C129 tests for non-load bearing compressive strength, whereas those made with the control and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) met the standard requirements. It was shown that the inclusion of rubber particles lowered the strength by 56%. The control block with the new configuration used in this investigation has a thermal conductivity of 53.4% lower than the commercial hollow blocks. While the inclusion material had a smaller impact than the arrangement of holes, HDPE thermal conductivity decreased by 6.4% compared to the control block. Likewise, the control-block wall's layout can reduce the power consumption by 53%. Moreover, the HDPE and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) blocks lowered the power consumption by 54 and 57%, respectively, saving roughly 4.26 ($/m2.year). Furthermore, the oil consumption and CO2 emissions were decreased by 56% when HDPE with 20% replacement was utilized. Reducing oil consumption as an energy source implies cleaner air and a lower carbon footprint. Therefore, it is recommended to incorporate these waste materials in the production of concrete blocks in order to reduce CO2 pollution in the world.

Published
2022
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40. Molecular Simulation of Cement-Based Materials and Their Properties

Author

Ashraf A. Bahraq, Mohammed A. Al-Osta, Omar S. Baghabra Al-Amoudi, I.B. Obot, Mohammed Maslehuddin, Habib-ur-Rehman Ahmed, and Tawfik A. Saleh

Subjects
Atomistic simulation, Molecular dynamics, Cement phases, Hydration products, Nanoengineering, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

Hydrated cement is one of the complex composite systems due to the presence of multi-scale phases with varying morphologies. Calcium silicate hydrate, which is the principal binder phase in the hydrated cement, is responsible for the stiffness, strength, and durability of Portland cement concrete. To understand the mechanical and durability behavior of concrete, it is important to investigate the interactions of hydrated cement phases with other materials at the nanoscale. In this regard, the molecular simulation of cement-based materials is an effective approach to study the properties and interactions of the cement system at the fundamental scale. Recently, many studies have been published regarding atomistic simulations to investigate the cement phases to define/explain the microscopic physical and chemical properties, thereby improving the macroscopic performance of hardened binders. The research in molecular simulation of cementitious systems involves researchers with multidisciplinary backgrounds, mainly in two areas: ① cement chemistry, where the hydration reactions govern most of the chemical and physical properties at the atomic scale; and ② computational materials science and engineering, where the bottom-up approach is required. The latter approach is still in its infancy, and as such, a study of the prevailing knowledge is useful, namely through an exhaustive literature review. This state-of-the-art report provides a comprehensive survey on studies that were conducted in this area and cites the important findings.

Published
2022
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41. Exploring the Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitudes, Self-Efficacy, and Infection Control Practices Among Saudi Arabian Nurses: A Multi-Center Study.

Author

Alsulami, Amal, Sacgaca, Lailani, Pangket, Petelyne, Pasay-an, Eddieson, Al Amoudi, Fatmah Ahmed, Alreshidi, Maha Sanat, Alrashedi, Nojoud, Mostoles Jr., Romeo, Buta, Joyce, Areola Jr., Benito, Dominguez, Allen Joshua, and Gonzales, Analita

Abstract

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections are a significant risk to patients and the healthcare system. Differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices among nurses have limited standardized precautions. Improving self-efficacy can enhance compliance with standard precautions, protect patients, and preserve the credibility of healthcare institutions. Aim: This study aimed to determine the mediating effects of self-efficacy on nurses' knowledge, attitude, and compliance with standard precautions in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in four hospitals in Dharan, Saudi Arabia, between July and October 2023. The respondents were selected through a multistage sampling of 305 nurses from wards and special areas. Results: participants demonstrated a moderate level of knowledge (M = 19.00, SD = 2.17), positive attitudes (M = 55.86, SD = 10.22), intermediate compliance (M = 72.44, SD = 11.47), and moderate self-efficacy (M = 29.99, SD = 11.40). Respondents who possessed more knowledge demonstrated positive attitudes toward standard precautions (r = 0.256, p < 0.001) and were more likely to comply (r = 0.376, p < 0.001). Higher self-efficacy levels were significantly positively correlated with knowledge (r = 0.391, p < 0.001), attitude (r = 0.311, p < 0.001), and compliance (r = 0.385, p < 0.001). The direct effect of knowledge on compliance was estimated to be 0.115 (p < 0.001), while the direct effect of attitude was slightly weaker (0.014, p = 0.049). Self-efficacy indirectly increased compliance through its influence on knowledge and attitude, with indirect effects of 0.039 (p < 0.001) and 0.008 (p = 0.002), respectively. Conclusions: Nurses with higher knowledge of infection control and positive attitudes toward established protocols were more likely to comply consistently. This association is further strengthened by self-efficacy. This confidence enhanced their understanding of the specific procedures, reinforced their positive beliefs about the importance of protocols, and ultimately led to greater adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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42. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cutaneous Adverse Events: Mechanisms of Occurrence.

Author

Eshaq, Abdulaziz M., Flanagan, Thomas W., Ba Abbad, Abdulqader A., Makarem, Zain Alabden A., Bokir, Mohammed S., Alasheq, Ahmed K., Al Asheikh, Sara A., Almashhor, Abdullah M., Binyamani, Faroq, Al-Amoudi, Waleed A., Bawzir, Abdulaziz S., Haikel, Youssef, Megahed, Mossad, and Hassan, Mohamed

Subjects
IMMUNE checkpoint proteins, CYTOTOXIC T cells, NON-small-cell lung carcinoma, IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors, RENAL cancer, BREAST
Abstract

Immunotherapy, particularly that based on blocking checkpoint proteins in many tumors, including melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), triple-negative breast (TNB cancer), renal cancer, and gastrointestinal and endometrial neoplasms, is a therapeutic alternative to chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapies have the potential to target different pathways leading to the destruction of cancer cells. Although ICIs are an effective treatment strategy for patients with highly immune-infiltrated cancers, the development of different adverse effects including cutaneous adverse effects during and after the treatment with ICIs is common. ICI-associated cutaneous adverse effects include mostly inflammatory and bullous dermatoses, as well as severe cutaneous side reactions such as rash or inflammatory dermatitis encompassing erythema multiforme; lichenoid, eczematous, psoriasiform, and morbilliform lesions; and palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia. The development of immunotherapy-related adverse effects is a consequence of ICIs' unique molecular action that is mainly mediated by the activation of cytotoxic CD4+/CD8+ T cells. ICI-associated cutaneous disorders are the most prevalent effects induced in response to anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), and anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) agents. Herein, we will elucidate the mechanisms regulating the occurrence of cutaneous adverse effects following treatment with ICIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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46. Noninvasive Ventilation for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Experience From the 2016/2017 Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Prospective Cohort Study*

Author

Emeriaud, Guillaume, Pons-Òdena, Marti, Bhalla, Anoopindar K., Shein, Steven L., Killien, Elizabeth Y., Modesto i Alapont, Vicent, Rowan, Courtney, Baudin, Florent, Lin, John C., Grégoire, Gabrielle, Napolitano, Natalie, Mayordomo-Colunga, Juan, Diaz, Franco, Cruces, Pablo, Medina, Alberto, Smith, Lincoln, Khemani, Robinder G., Sforza, Jesica, Poterala, Rossana, Fernandez, Analia, Avila Vera, Antonio, Orqueda, Daniel, Agueda Vidal, Nilda, Rosemary, Deheza, Turon, Gonzalo, Monjes, Cecilia, Espanol, Segundo Fernando, Serrate, Alejandro Siaba, Iolster, Thomas, Torres, Silvio, Cinquegrani, Karina, Jose Montes, Maria, Capocasa, Patricia, Ferreyra, Marcela, Castellani, Pablo, Giampieri, Martin, Pedraza, Claudia, Landry, Luis Martin, Althabe, Maria, Fortini, Yanina Vanesa, Botta, Priscila, Paziencia, Fernando, Erickson, Simon, Barr, Samantha, Shea, Sara, Butt, Warwick, Delzoppo, Carmel, Pintimalla, Alyssa, Leon, Alejandro Fabio Martinez, Rivera, Gustavo Alfredo Guzman, Jouvet, Philippe, Emeriaud, Guillaume, Dumitrascu, Mariana, Ellen French, Mary, Caro I, Daniel, Castillo, Andres E., Romero, Pablo Cruces, Medina, Tania, Madrid, Paula Pavez, Cortez, Ambar, Alvear, Jimena, Acuna, Carlos, Diaz, Franco, Nunez, Maria Jose, Araya, Adriana Wegner, Mundaca, Loreto Godoy, Chen, Yang, Lozano, German Perez, Carrero, Rosalba Pardo, Alarcon, Yurika Paola Lopez, Vega, Liliana Mazzillo, Izquierdo, Ledys Maria, Olave, Byron Enrique Piñeres, Orrego, Cesar Zuluaga, Lopez, Deyanira Quinonez, Hoyos, Pablo Vasquez, Vavrina, Martin, Zurek, Jiri, Campos-Miño, Santiago, Yerovi, Rocio, Bridier, Armelle, Payen, Valerie, Milesi, Christophe, Bourgoin, Pierre, Travert, Brendan, Genuini, Mathieu, Starck, Julie, Maria, Matthieu, Guichoux, Julie, Baudin, Florent, Briassoulis, George, Ilia, Stavroula, Di Nardo, Matteo, Camporesi, Anna, Chiusolo, Fabrizio, Shime, Nobuaki, Ohshimo, Shinichiro, Kida, Yoshiko, Kyo, Michihito, Tabata, Yuichi, Tang, Swee Fong, Tai, Chian Wern, Lum, Lucy Chai See, Elghuwael, Ismail, Rivera, Nestor Javier Jimenez, Jarillo Quijada, Alberto E, Kneyber, Martin, Dijkstra, Sandra, Beca, John, Sherring, Claire, Rea, Miriam, Vargas G, Sonia I, Miranda, Daniel Vasquez, Cortez, Grimaldo Ramirez, Tantalean, Jose, Pagowska-Klimek, Izabela, Escobar, Carlos Gil, Moniz, Marta Sousa, Camilo, Cristina, Hazwani, Tarek, Aldairi, Nedaa, Al Amoudi, Ahmed, Alahmadti, Ahmad, Taylor, Ryan, Mendizabal, Mikel, Orayen, Concepcion Goni, Fernandez, Yolanda Lopez, Valle, Juan Ramon, Martinez, Lidia, Orive, Javier Pilar, Brezmes, Marta, Lopez-Herce, Jesus, Parrilla, Julio, Gaboli, Mirella, Gomez, Jose Manuel Gonzalez, Morales Martinez, Antonio, Alapont, Vicent Modesto I, Diaz, Juan Ignacio Sanchez, Llorente de la Fuente, Ana M., Palanca Arias, Daniel, Madurga Revilla, Paula, Martinez de Azagra, Amelia, Garcia Gonzalez, Maria, Arjona Villanueva, David, Garcia Casas, Paula, Brio Sanagustin, Sonia, Pons Odena, Marti, Medina, Alberto, Onate Vergara, Eider, Rodriguez Campoy, Patricia, Reyes Dominguez, Susana, Dursun, Oguz, Atike Ongun, Ebru, Kamit Can, Fulya, Berna Anil, Ayse, Baines, Paul, Walsh, Laura, Jones, Dawn, Sadasivam, Kalaimaran, Mildner, Reinout, Plunkett, Adrian, Lillie, Jon, Tibby, Shane, Wellman, Paul, Belfield, Holly, Brierley, Joe, Dominguez, Troy E., Abaleke, Eugenia, Feinstein, Yael, Deep, Akash, Sundararajan, Santosh, Oruganti, Siva, Silvestre, Catarina, Weitz, James, Sheward, Victoria, Macrae, Duncan, Aramburo, Angela, Fortune, Peter-Marc, Subramanian, Gayathri, Jennings, Claire, Dwarakanathan, Buvana, Inwald, David, Feather, Calandra, Agbeko, Rachel, Lawton-Woodhall, Angela, McIntyre, Karen, Sykes, Kim, Pappachan, Jon, Gale, Helen, Mellish, Christie, McCorkell, Jenni, Torero, Luis, Nofziger, Ryan, Latifi, Samir, Anthony, Heather, Sanders, Ron, Hefley, Glenda, Virk, Manpreet, Jaimon, Nancy, Maddux, Aline B., Mourani, Peter M., Ralston, Kimberly, Sierra, Yamila, Khemani, Robinder, Newth, Christopher, Bhalla, Anoopindar, Kwok, Jeni, Morzov, Rica, Mahapatra, Sidharth, Truemper, Edward, Kustka, Lucinda, Nett, Sholeen T., Singleton, Marcy, Dean Jarvis, J., Yehya, Nadir, Napolitano, Natalie, Murphy, Marie, Ronan, Laurie, Morgan, Ryan, Kubis, Sherri, Broden, Elizabeth, Willson, Douglas, Henderson, Grace, Gedeit, Rainer, Murkowski, Kathy, Woods, Katherine, Kasch, Mary, Han, Yong Y, Affolter, Jeremy T, Tieves, Kelly S, Hughes-Schalk, Amber, Chima, Ranjit S., Krallman, Kelli, Stoneman, Erin, Benken, Laura, Yunger, Toni, Schneider, James, Sweberg, Todd, Kessel, Aaron, Carroll, Christopher L., Santanelli, James, Ackerman, Kate G, Cullimore, Melissa, Rowan, Courtney, Bales, Melissa, Keith Dockery, W., Jafari-Namin, Shirin, Barry, Dana, Jane’t, Keary, Alibrahim, Omar, Patankar, Nikhil, Qiao, Haiping, Gertz, Shira, Su, Felice, Haileselassie, Bereketeab, Song, Hanqiu, Bysani, Kris, Monjure, Tracey, Beltramo, Fernando, Totapally, Balagangadhar, Govantes, Beatriz, Coates, Bria, Wellisch, Lawren, Allen, Kiona, Shukla, Avani, Thomas, Neal J., Spear, Debbie, Shein, Steven L., Gertz, Shira, Parker, Margaret M., Sloniewsky, Daniel, Allen, Christine, Harrell, Amy, Pinto, Neethi, Kniola, Allison, Rodgers, Chiara, Cvijanovich, Natalie, Typpo, Katri, Kelley, Connor, King, Caroline, Sapru, Anil, Ratiu, Anna, Ashtari, Neda, Sikora, Lindsay, Jeyapalan, Asumthia S., Coronado-Munoz, Alvaro, Flori, Heidi, Dahmer, Mary K., Jayachandran, Chaandini, Hume, Janet, Nerheim, Dan, Smith, Rebecca, Spaeder, Michael, Adu-Darko, Michelle, Smith, Lincoln, Hartmann, Silvia, Sullivan, Erin, Merritt, Courtney, Al-Subu, Awni, Blom, Andrea, Lin, John C., Spinella, Philip, Hsing, Deyin D., Pon, Steve, Brian Estil, Jim, Gautam, Richa, Giuliano, John S., Jr, and Tala, Joana

Published
2023
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47. Association of Interventions With Outcomes in Children At-Risk for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Study*

Author

Hamill, Grant S., Remy, Kenneth E., Slain, Katherine N., Sallee, Colin J., Khemani, Robinder, Smith, Lincoln, Shein, Steven L., Agueda Vidal, Nilda, Rosemary, Deheza, Turon, Gonzalo, Monjes, Cecilia, Jose Montes, Maria, Capocasa, Patricia, Ferreyra, Marcela, Paziencia, Fernando, Erickson, Simon, Barr, Samantha, Shea, Sara, Chen, Yang, Lopez Alarcon, Yurika Paola, Vasquez Hoyos, Pablo, Campos-Miño, Santiago, Yerovi, Rocio, Bourgoin, Pierre, Briassoulis, George, Ilia, Stavroula, Chiusolo, Fabrizio, Hazwani, Tarek, Aldairi, Nedaa, Al Amoudi, Ahmed, Alahmadti, Ahmad, Lopez Fernandez, Yolanda, Ramon Valle, Juan, Martinez, Lidia, Pilar Orive, Javier, Brezmes, Marta, Lopez-Herce, Jesus, Martinez de Azagra, Amelia, Reyes Dominguez, Susana, Kamit Can, Fulya, Berna Anil, Ayse, Silvestre, Catarina, Khemani, Robinder, Newth, Christopher, Bhalla, Anoopindar, Kwok, Jeni, Morzov, Rica, Mahapatra, Sidharth, Truemper, Edward, Kustka, Lucinda, Yehya, Nadir, Napolitano, Natalie, Murphy, Marie, Ronan, Laurie, Morgan, Ryan, Kubis, Sherri, Broden, Elizabeth, Gedeit, Rainer, Murkowski, Kathy, Woods, Katherine, Kasch, Mary, Han, Yong Y., Affolter, Jeremy T., Tieves, Kelly S., Hughes-Schalk, Amber, Chima, Ranjit S., Krallman, Kelli, Stoneman, Erin, Benken, Laura, Yunger, Toni, Rowan, Courtney, Bales, Melissa, Coates, Bria, Wellisch, Lawren, Allen, Kiona, Shukla, Avani, Thomas, Neal J., Spear, Debbie, Shein, Steven L., Allen, Christine, Harrell, Amy, Sapru, Anil, Ratiu, Anna, Ashtari, Neda, Flori, Heidi, Dahmer, Mary K., Jayachandran, Chaandini, Smith, Lincoln, Hartmann, Silvia, Sullivan, Erin, Merritt, Courtney, Al-Subu, Awni, Blom, Andrea, Hsing, Deyin D., Pon, Steve, Brian Estil, Jim, Gautam, Richa, Giuliano, John S., Jr, and Tala, Joana

Published
2023
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48. Dynamics of broadband photoinduced species and enabled photodetection in MXenes

Author

Zhang Feng, Cao Rui, Li Zhongjun, Gao Siyan, Chen Hualong, Guo Jia, Zhang Yule, Al-Amoudi Bashaer Omar, Wageh Swelm, Al-Ghamdi Ahmed A., Zhang Xi, and Zhang Han

Subjects
carrier lifetime, mxene, photodetection, transient absorption, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Dynamics of photoinduced species, as a key parameter for nanomaterials plays a significantly role in the performance of optoelectronic devices. In this work, the origin of broadband optical response for the emerging Ti3C2Tx MXene is revealed by transient spectroscopic analysis. From ultraviolet to infrared, the steady-state and transient optical responses present wavelength-related features. The carrier lifetime is found to change from femtosecond to nanosecond time scale dominated by various photoinduced species, i.e., carrier and surface plasmon. The unique optoelectronic character enables photodetection. This fundamental study on carrier, plasmon dynamics, and application in photodetection is helpful for exploring MXene-based optoelectronic devices.

Published
2022
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