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1. Adiabatic expansion cooling of antihydrogen

Author

M. Ahmadi, B. X. R. Alves, C. J. Baker, W. Bertsche, A. Capra, S. Cohen, C. Torkzaban, C. L. Cesar, M. Charlton, R. Collister, S. Eriksson, A. Evans, N. Evetts, J. Fajans, T. Friesen, M. C. Fujiwara, P. Granum, J. S. Hangst, M. E. Hayden, D. Hodgkinson, C. A. Isaac, M. A. Johnson, S. A. Jones, S. Jonsell, N. Kalem, N. Madsen, D. Maxwell, J. T. K. McKenna, S. Menary, T. Momose, J. Munich, K. Olchanski, A. Olin, P. Pusa, C. Ø. Rasmussen, F. Robicheaux, R. L. Sacramento, M. Sameed, E. Sarid, D. M. Silveira, C. So, G. Stutter, T. D. Tharp, R. I. Thompson, D. P. van der Werf, and J. S. Wurtele

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Magnetically trapped antihydrogen atoms can be cooled by expanding the volume of the trap in which they are confined. We report a proof-of-principle experiment in which antiatoms are deliberately released from expanded and static traps. Antiatoms escape at an average trap depth of 0.08±0.01K (statistical errors only) from the expanded trap while they escape at average depths of 0.22±0.01 and 0.17±0.01K from two different static traps. (We employ temperature-equivalent energy units.) Detailed simulations qualitatively agree with the escape times measured in the experiment and show a decrease of 38% (statistical error

Published
2024
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2. Measurements of Penning-Malmberg trap patch potentials and associated performance degradation

Author

C. J. Baker, W. Bertsche, A. Capra, C. L. Cesar, M. Charlton, A. Christensen, R. Collister, A. Cridland Mathad, S. Eriksson, A. Evans, N. Evetts, J. Fajans, T. Friesen, M. C. Fujiwara, D. R. Gill, P. Grandemange, P. Granum, J. S. Hangst, M. E. Hayden, D. Hodgkinson, E. D. Hunter, C. A. Isaac, M. A. Johnson, J. Jones, S. A. Jones, S. Jonsell, A. Khramov, L. Kurchaninov, H. Landsberger, N. Madsen, D. Maxwell, J. T. K. McKenna, S. Menary, T. Momose, P. S. Mullan, J. J. Munich, K. Olchanski, A. Olin, J. Peszka, A. Powell, P. Pusa, C.Ø. Rasmussen, F. Robicheaux, R. L. Sacramento, M. Sameed, E. Sarid, D. M. Silveira, C. So, G. Stutter, T. D. Tharp, R. I. Thompson, C. Torkzaban, D. P. van der Werf, E. Ward, and J. S. Wurtele

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Antiprotons created by laser ionization of antihydrogen are observed to rapidly escape the ALPHA trap. Further, positron plasmas heat more quickly after the trap is illuminated by laser light for several hours. These phenomena can be caused by patch potentials—variations in the electrical potential along metal surfaces. A simple model of the effects of patch potentials explains the particle loss, and an experimental technique using trapped electrons is developed for measuring the electric field produced by the patch potentials. The model is validated by controlled experiments and simulations.

Published
2024
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3. THE SUNRISE SUMMER SCHOOL: AN INNOVATIVE LEARNING-BY-DOING EXPERIENCE FOR THE DOCUMENTATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE

Author

C. Balletti, A. Capra, A. Calantropio, F. Chiabrando, E. Colucci, G. Furfaro, A. Guastella, F. Guerra, A. Lingua, F. Matrone, F. Menna, E. Nocerino, L. Teppati Losè, P. Vernier, and D. Visintini

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

The first edition of the SUNRISE (Seashore and UNderwater documentation of aRchaeological herItage palimpSests and Environment) summer school was carried out in Marina di Ragusa in Sicily (Italy) from 3rd to 9th September 2022. It was jointly organized by Politecnico di Torino, IUAV, University of Sassari, FBK, University of Udine and the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia with the support of SIFET, ISPRS Student Consortium, private companies (Images, Microgeo, Stonex, Leica and Geomax) and the municipality of Santa Croce Camerina.The five days of summer school were attended by 20 students from Europe, Asia and USA. After the first day of lectures focused on the theoretical basis of surveying, photogrammetry, LiDAR, and SLAM, the field activities took place in a submerged and terrestrial scenario. The underwater surveying involved a submerged amphora, and the terrestrial activity was focused on the Arab bath of Mezzagnone, a 6th-century AD building that has been fully preserved until today. The paper deal with this experience and underline the followed approach. Finally some results achieved by the students are reported.

Published
2023
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4. Measurement of isotopic separation of argon with the prototype of the cryogenic distillation plant Aria for dark matter searches

Author

E. Aaron, P. Agnes, I. Ahmad, S. Albergo, I. F. M. Albuquerque, T. Alexander, A. K. Alton, P. Amaudruz, M. Atzori Corona, M. Ave, I. Ch. Avetisov, O. Azzolini, H. O. Back, Z. Balmforth, A. Barrado, P. Barrillon, A. Basco, G. Batignani, V. Bocci, W. M. Bonivento, B. Bottino, M. G. Boulay, J. Busto, M. Cadeddu, A. Caminata, N. Canci, A. Capra, S. Caprioli, M. Caravati, N. Cargioli, M. Carlini, P. Castello, P. Cavalcante, S. Cavuoti, S. Cebrian, J. M. Cela Ruiz, S. Chashin, A. Chepurnov, E. Chyhyrynets, L. Cifarelli, D. Cintas, M. Citterio, B. Cleveland, V. Cocco, E. Conde Vilda, L. Consiglio, S. Copello, G. Covone, M. Czubak, M. D’Aniello, S. D’Auria, M. D. Da Rocha Rolo, S. Davini, S. De Cecco, G. De Guido, D. De Gruttola, S. De Pasquale, G. De Rosa, G. Dellacasa, A. V. Derbin, A. Devoto, F. Di Capua, L. Di Noto, P. Di Stefano, G. Dolganov, F. Dordei, E. Ellingwood, T. Erjavec, S. Farenzena, M. Fernandez Diaz, G. Fiorillo, P. Franchini, D. Franco, N. Funicello, F. Gabriele, D. Gahan, C. Galbiati, G. Gallina, G. Gallus, M. Garbini, P. Garcia Abia, A. Gendotti, C. Ghiano, C. Giganti, G. K. Giovanetti, V. Goicoechea Casanueva, A. Gola, G. Grauso, G. Grilli di Cortona, A. Grobov, M. Gromov, M. Guan, M. Guerzoni, M. Gulino, C. Guo, B. R. Hackett, A. L. Hallin, A. Hamer, M. Haranczyk, T. Hessel, S. Hill, S. Horikawa, F. Hubaut, J. Hucker, T. Hugues, An. Ianni, V. Ippolito, C. Jillings, S. Jois, P. Kachru, A. A. Kemp, C. L. Kendziora, M. Kimura, I. Kochanek, K. Kondo, G. Korga, S. Koulosousas, A. Kubankin, M. Kuss, M. Kuźniak, M. La Commara, M. Lai, N. Lami, E. Le Guirriec, E. Leason, A. Leoni, L. Lidey, F. Lippi, M. Lissia, L. Luzzi, O. Lychagina, N. Maccioni, O. Macfadyen, I. N. Machulin, S. Manecki, I. Manthos, L. Mapelli, A. Margotti, S. M. Mari, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, A. Marini, M. Martínez, C. J. Martoff, M. Mascia, A. Masoni, G. Matteucci, K. Mavrokoridis, C. Maxia, A. B. McDonald, A. Messina, R. Milincic, A. Mitra, A. Moharana, S. Moioli, J. Monroe, E. Moretti, M. Morrocchi, T. Mróz, V. N. Muratova, C. Muscas, P. Musico, R. Nania, M. Nessi, K. Nikolopoulos, J. Nowak, K. Olchansky, A. Oleinik, V. Oleynikov, P. Organtini, A. Ortiz de Solórzano, L. Pagani, M. Pallavicini, L. Pandola, E. Pantic, E. Paoloni, G. Paternoster, P. A. Pegoraro, K. Pelczar, L. A. Pellegrini, C. Pellegrino, V. Pesudo, S. Piacentini, L. Pietrofaccia, N. Pino, A. Pocar, D. M. Poehlmann, S. Pordes, P. Pralavorio, D. Price, F. Ragusa, Y. Ramachers, M. Razeti, A. L. Renshaw, M. Rescigno, F. Retiere, L. P. Rignanese, C. Ripoli, A. Rivetti, A. Roberts, C. Roberts, J. Rode, G. Rogers, L. Romero, M. Rossi, A. Rubbia, M. A. Sabia, G. M. Sabiu, P. Salomone, E. Sandford, S. Sanfilippo, D. Santone, R. Santorelli, C. Savarese, E. Scapparone, G. Schillaci, F. Schukman, G. Scioli, M. Simeone, P. Skensved, M. D. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, T. Smirnova, B. Smith, F. Spadoni, M. Spangenberg, R. Stefanizzi, A. Steri, V. Stornelli, S. Stracka, M. Stringer, S. Sulis, A. Sung, Y. Suvorov, A. M. Szelc, R. Tartaglia, A. Taylor, J. Taylor, S. Tedesco, G. Testera, K. Thieme, T. N. Thorpe, A. Tonazzo, A. Tricomi, E. V. Unzhakov, T. Vallivilayil John, M. Van Uffelen, T. Viant, S. Viel, R. B. Vogelaar, J. Vossebeld, M. Wada, M. B. Walczak, H. Wang, Y. Wang, S. Westerdale, L. Williams, I. Wingerter-Seez, R. Wojaczyński, Ma. M. Wojcik, T. Wright, Y. Xie, C. Yang, A. Zabihi, P. Zakhary, A. Zani, A. Zichichi, G. Zuzel, M. P. Zykova, and DarkSide-20k Collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The Aria cryogenic distillation plant, located in Sardinia, Italy, is a key component of the DarkSide-20k experimental program for WIMP dark matter searches at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. Aria is designed to purify the argon, extracted from underground wells in Colorado, USA, and used as the DarkSide-20k target material, to detector-grade quality. In this paper, we report the first measurement of argon isotopic separation by distillation with the 26 m tall Aria prototype. We discuss the measurement of the operating parameters of the column and the observation of the simultaneous separation of the three stable argon isotopes: $${}^{36}\hbox {Ar}$$ 36 Ar , $${}^{38}\textrm{Ar}$$ 38 Ar , and $${}^{40}\textrm{Ar}$$ 40 Ar . We also provide a detailed comparison of the experimental results with commercial process simulation software. This measurement of isotopic separation of argon is a significant achievement for the project, building on the success of the initial demonstration of isotopic separation of nitrogen using the same equipment in 2019.

Published
2023
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5. PHOTOGRAMMETRIC AND FLUORESCENCE SOLUTIONS FOR MONITORING OF HABITAT FORMING ORGANISMS

Author

P. Rossi, S. Righi, L. Parente, C. Castagnetti, S. Cattini, G. Di Loro, E. Falvo, F. Grassi, F. Mancini, L. Rovati, R. Simonini, and A. Capra

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

The development and testing of innovative technologies and automated data analysis methodologies offer tools for the monitoring of complex marine ecosystems and the direct and indirect effects of climate change on natural heritage. Photogrammetric methods allow precise mapping of the underwater landscape as well as detailed three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of marine structures, improving the study of complex marine ecosystems. Moreover, fluorescence analyses can provide critical information about the health status of marine organisms. Analysing the variations in their self-fluorescence, allow for early detect changes in their physiological state. These applications provide very useful data to evaluate the health state of biodiversity-rich 3D biogenic structures and make measurements of fine-scale changes, with greater precision than existing methodologies. This contribution shows a multidisciplinary approach to the design, development, and implementation of a technological solution based on the above-mentioned optical measuring systems. Such a system is characterized by a reflex camera, LED-based light sources, and filters to allow the analysis of the self-fluorescence signal. The proposed solution aspires to improve the standardization of monitoring plans through non-destructive fine-scale accurate data collection for image analysis and multi-temporal comparisons, providing challenging stepping-stones for habitat-forming anthozoan management and restoration activities. Initial results of tests carried out in controlled conditions are shown. The photogrammetric approach resulted in 3D reconstructions that allow the monitoring of deformations at millimetre scale. The fluorimetry methodology allowed to obtain high-resolution images with great repeatability, which enabled the identification of stressful status even in absence of geometric deformations. The proposed approaches and obtained results are discussed, together with potential issues related to their implementation in a real-world context adopting remotely operative vehicles.

Published
2022
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6. P07 BORTEZOMIB-MELPHALAN-PREDNISONE (VMP) VS. LENALIDOMIDE-DEXAMETHASONE (RD) IN REAL-LIFE MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS INELIGIBLE FOR TRANSPLANT: UPDATED ANALYSIS OF THE RANDOMIZED PHASE IV REAL MM TRIAL

Author

A. Larocca, M. D’Agostino, N. Giuliani, E. Antonioli, R. Zambello, S. Ronconi, I. D. Vincelli, F. Ciceri, A. P. Falcone, M. Michieli, F. Cattel, A. Capra, M. Grasso, A. M. Cafro, F. Bonello, R. Floris, M. Offidani, E. Sciorsi, G. Pietrantuono, P. Curci, F. Patriarca, M. Cavo, S. Mangiacavalli, G. Benevolo, A. Evangelista, G. Ciccone, M. Boccadoro, B. Bruno, and S. Bringhen

Subjects
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published
2023
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7. P39 DEDALO: PHASE II STUDY OF DARATUMUMAB PLUS POMALIDOMIDE AND DEXAMETHASONE (DPD) IN PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED/REFRACTORY MULTIPLE MYELOMA AND 17P DELETION

Author

V. Montefusco, A.M. Cafro, G. Margiotta Casaluci, F. Patriarca, R. Mina, M. D’Agostino, A. Capra, C. Priola, B. Dalla Palma, R. Rizzi, A. Genua, M.T. Petrucci, L. Paris, A. Belotti, M. Cavo, C. Conticello, C. Carlo-Stella, and M Boccadoro

Subjects
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published
2023
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8. B02 CARFILZOMIB AND LENALIDOMIDE-BASED THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF PRIMARY PLASMA CELL LEUKEMIA: RESULTS OF THE FINAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROSPECTIVE PHASE 2 EMN12/HOVON-129 STUDY FOR PATIENTS AGED 18-65 YEARS

Author

N. van de Donk, M.C. Minnema, B. van der Holt, F. Schjesvold, K.L. Wu, A. Capra, A. Broyl, W.W.H. Roeloffzen, A.P.A. Gadisseur, G. Pietrantuono, L. Pour, V. van der Velden, T. Lund, M. Offidani, M. Grasso, L. Giaccone, M. Cavo, T. Silkjaer, J. Caers, S. Zweegman, R. Hajek, R. Benjamin, A. Vangsted, M. Boccadoro, F. Gay, P. Sonneveld, and P. Musto

Subjects
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published
2023
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9. Sympathetic cooling of positrons to cryogenic temperatures for antihydrogen production

Author

C. J. Baker, W. Bertsche, A. Capra, C. L. Cesar, M. Charlton, A. Cridland Mathad, S. Eriksson, A. Evans, N. Evetts, S. Fabbri, J. Fajans, T. Friesen, M. C. Fujiwara, P. Grandemange, P. Granum, J. S. Hangst, M. E. Hayden, D. Hodgkinson, C. A. Isaac, M. A. Johnson, J. M. Jones, S. A. Jones, S. Jonsell, L. Kurchaninov, N. Madsen, D. Maxwell, J. T. K. McKenna, S. Menary, T. Momose, P. Mullan, K. Olchanski, A. Olin, J. Peszka, A. Powell, P. Pusa, C. Ø. Rasmussen, F. Robicheaux, R. L. Sacramento, M. Sameed, E. Sarid, D. M. Silveira, G. Stutter, C. So, T. D. Tharp, R. I. Thompson, D. P. van der Werf, and J. S. Wurtele

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Positrons are key to the production of cold antihydrogen. Here the authors report the sympathetic cooling of positrons by interacting them with laser-cooled Be+ ions resulting in a three-fold reduction of the temperature of positrons for antihydrogen synthesis.

Published
2021
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10. AI Meets Antimatter: Unveiling Antihydrogen Annihilations

Author

Ferreira, Ashley, Singh, Mahip, Capra, Andrea, Carli, Ina, Quiceno, Daniel Duque, Fedorko, Wojciech T., Fujiwara, Makoto M., Li, Muyan, Martin, Lars, Saito, Yukiya, Smith, Gareth, and Xu, Anqi

Subjects
Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

The ALPHA-g experiment at CERN aims to perform the first-ever direct measurement of the effect of gravity on antimatter, determining its weight to within 1% precision. This measurement requires an accurate prediction of the vertical position of annihilations within the detector. In this work, we present a novel approach to annihilation position reconstruction using an ensemble of models based on the PointNet deep learning architecture. The newly developed model, PointNet Ensemble for Annihilation Reconstruction (PEAR) outperforms the standard approach to annihilation position reconstruction, providing more than twice the resolution while maintaining a similarly low bias. This work may also offer insights for similar efforts applying deep learning to experiments that require high resolution and low bias., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Machine Learning and the Physical Sciences Workshop at the 38th conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)

Published
2024

11. A 'Symbolic' Representation of Object-Nets (Extended Version)

Author

Köhler-Bussmeier, Michael and Capra, Lorenzo

Subjects
Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science, 68Q10, F.1.1
Abstract

In this contribution we extend the concept of a Petri net morphism to Elementary Object Systems (EOS). EOS are a nets-within-nets formalism, i.e. we allow the tokens of a Petri net to be Petri nets again. This nested structure has the consequence that even systems defined by very small Petri nets have a quite huge reachability graph. In this contribution we use automorphism to describe symmetries of the Petri net topology. Since these symmetries carry over to markings as well this leads to a condensed state space, too.

Published
2024

12. Efficient Performance Analysis of Modular Rewritable Petri Nets

Author

Capra, Lorenzo and Gribaudo, Marco

Subjects
Computer Science - Performance, Computer Science - Symbolic Computation
Abstract

Petri Nets (PN) are extensively used as a robust formalism to model concurrent and distributed systems; however, they encounter difficulties in accurately modeling adaptive systems. To address this issue, we defined rewritable PT nets (RwPT) using Maude, a declarative language that ensures consistent rewriting logic semantics. Recently, we proposed a modular approach that employs algebraic operators to build extensive RwPT models. This methodology uses composite node labeling to maintain hierarchical organization through net rewrites and has been shown to be effective. Once stochastic parameters are integrated into the formalism, we introduce an automated procedure to derive a lumped CTMC from the quotient graph generated by a modular RwPT model. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, we present a fault-tolerant manufacturing system as a case study., Comment: In Proceedings FROM 2024, arXiv:2410.23020

Published
2024
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13. Measurements of the Quantum Yield of Silicon using Geiger-mode Avalanching Photodetectors

Author

Lewis, Harry, Mahtab, Mahsa, Retiere, Fabrice, Croix, Austin De St., Raymond, Kurtis, Henriksson-Ward, Maia, Morrison, Nicholas, Zhang, Aileen, Capra, Andrea, and Underwood, Ryan

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Accurate characterization of quantum yield is crucial to the reconstruction of energy depositions in silicon at the eV scale. This work presents a new method for experimentally calculating quantum yield using vacuum UV-sensitive silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), which can be used to determine the probabilities that a UV photon absorbed in a silicon crystal will produce one, two, or three electron-hole pairs. Results are presented which fully constrain the distribution at photon energies up to 7.75eV. This method works by exploiting the saturation of photon detection efficiency which occurs when these devices are biased sufficiently high above their avalanche breakdown voltage. The measured quantum yield values are lower than those that have been previously reported by experimental data and modelling -- this is expected to impact the sensitivity of experiments searching for light dark matter through direct detection in semiconductors, and should also be taken into account when characterizing the performance of UV photodetectors with high quantum efficiency. Measurements have been taken using a Hamamatsu VUV4 and an FBK VUV-HD3 device, showing good agreements between devices, and at a range of temperatures from 163-233K. The validity of the method is assessed using supplementary measurements of absolute photon detection efficiency, and an additional novel method of measuring average quantum yield using DC current-voltage measurements of SiPMs is presented and used for corroboration., Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures

Published
2024

14. Improving the accuracy of food security predictions by integrating conflict data

Author

Bertetti, Marco, Agnolucci, Paolo, Calzadilla, Alvaro, and Capra, Licia

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Violence and armed conflicts have emerged as prominent factors driving food crises. However, the extent of their impact remains largely unexplored. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the impact of violent conflicts on food security in Africa. We performed a comprehensive correlation analysis using data from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWSNET) and the Armed Conflict Location Event Data (ACLED). Our results show that using conflict data to train machine learning models leads to a 1.5% increase in accuracy compared to models that do not incorporate conflict-related information. The key contribution of this study is the quantitative analysis of the impact of conflicts on food security predictions.

Published
2024

15. An independent evaluation of the Famine Early Warning Systems Network food security projections

Author

Bertetti, Marco, Agnolucci, Paolo, Calzadilla, Alvaro, and Capra, Licia

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

Reports from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWSNET) serve as the benchmark for food security predictions which is crucial for stakeholders in planning interventions and support people in need. This paper assesses the predictive accuracy of FEWSNET's food security forecasting, by comparing predictions to the following ground truth assessments at the administrative boundaries-livelihood level, revealing an overall high accuracy of 78\% across diverse timeframes and locations. However, our analysis also shows significant variations in performance across distinct regions and prediction periods. Therefore, our analysis sheds light on strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement in the context of food security predictions. The insights derived from this study not only enhance our understanding of FEWSNET's capabilities but also emphasize the importance of continuous refinement in forecasting methodologies.

Published
2024

16. B03 CARFILZOMIB AND LENALIDOMIDE FOR PRIMARY PLASMA CELL LEUKEMIA: FINAL RESULTS OF THE PROSPECTIVE PHASE 2 EMN12/HOVON-129 STUDY FOR PATIENTS AGED ≥66 YEARS

Author

P. Musto, M.C. Minnema, W.W.H. Roeloffzen, A. Capra, B. van der Holt, A. Juul Vangsted, A. Broyl, F. Schjesvold, T. Lund, T. Silkjaer, R. Benjamin, M. Grasso, K. Lung Wu, J. Caers, M. Cavo, R. Hájek, B. Bruno, A. Gadisseur, G. Pietrantuono, M. Offidani, L. Pour, P. Sonneveld, M. Boccadoro, and N. van de Donk

Subjects
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published
2023
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17. Design and performance of a novel low energy multispecies beamline for an antihydrogen experiment

Author

C. J. Baker, W. Bertsche, A. Capra, C. L. Cesar, M. Charlton, A. J. Christensen, R. Collister, A. Cridland Mathad, S. Eriksson, A. Evans, N. Evetts, S. Fabbri, J. Fajans, T. Friesen, M. C. Fujiwara, D. R. Gill, P. Grandemange, P. Granum, J. S. Hangst, M. E. Hayden, D. Hodgkinson, C. A. Isaac, M. A. Johnson, J. M. Jones, S. A. Jones, A. Khramov, L. Kurchaninov, N. Madsen, D. Maxwell, J. T. K. McKenna, S. Menary, T. Momose, P. S. Mullan, J. J. Munich, K. Olchanski, J. Peszka, A. Powell, C. Ø. Rasmussen, R. L. Sacramento, M. Sameed, E. Sarid, D. M. Silveira, C. So, D. M. Starko, G. Stutter, T. D. Tharp, R. I. Thompson, C. Torkzaban, D. P. van der Werf, and J. S. Wurtele

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

The ALPHA Collaboration, based at the CERN Antiproton Decelerator, has recently implemented a novel beamline for low energy (≲100 eV) positron and antiproton transport between cylindrical Penning traps that have strong axial magnetic fields. Here, we describe how a combination of semianalytical and numerical calculations was used to optimize the layout and design of this beamline. Using experimental measurements taken during the initial commissioning of the instrument, we evaluate its performance and validate the models used for its development. By combining data from a range of sources, we show that the beamline has a high transfer efficiency and estimate that the percentage of particles captured in the experiments from each bunch is (78±3)% for up to 10^{5} antiprotons and (71±5)% for bunches of up to 10^{7} positrons.

Published
2023
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18. Cell‐Specific Transposable Element and Gene Expression Analysis Across Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Phenotypes

Author

Cutts, Zachary, Patterson, Sarah, Maliskova, Lenka, Taylor, Kimberly E, Ye, Chun Jimmie, Dall'Era, Maria, Yazdany, Jinoos, Criswell, Lindsey A, Fragiadakis, Gabriela K, Langelier, Charles, Capra, John A, Sirota, Marina, and Lanata, Cristina M

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Genetics, Lupus, Autoimmune Disease, Women's Health, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Inflammatory and immune system, Clinical sciences
Abstract

ObjectiveThere is an established yet unexplained link between interferon (IFN) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The expression of sequences derived from transposable elements (TEs) may contribute to SLE phenotypes, specifically production of type I IFNs and generation of autoantibodies.MethodsWe profiled cell-sorted RNA-sequencing data (CD4+ T cells, CD14+ monocytes, CD19+ B cells, and natural killer cells) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 120 patients with SLE and quantified TE expression identifying 27,135 TEs. We tested for differential TE expression across 10 SLE phenotypes, including autoantibody production and disease activity.ResultsWe found 731 differentially expressed (DE) TEs across all SLE phenotypes that were mostly cell specific and phenotype specific. DE TEs were enriched for specific families and open reading frames of viral genes encoded in TE sequences. Increased expression of DE TEs was associated with genes involved in antiviral activity, such as LY6E, ISG15, and TRIM22, and pathways such as IFN signaling.ConclusionThese findings suggest that expression of TEs contributes to activation of SLE-related mechanisms in a cell-specific manner, which can impact disease diagnostics and therapeutics.

Published
2024

19. Systematic analysis of requirements for socially acceptable service robots

Author

Ruo, Andrea, Arreghini, Simone, Capra, Luca, De Chiara, Rosario, Di Pasquale, Valeria, Giusti, Alessandro, Iani, Cristina, Paolillo, Antonio, Petrak, Dominic, Plaum, Alexander, Quamara, Megha, Sabattini, Lorenzo, Schmuck, Viktor, Servillo, Paolo, Zurolo, Francesco, and Villani, Valeria

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

In modern society, service robots are increasingly recognized for their wide range of practical applications. In large and crowded social spaces, such as museums and hospitals, these robots are required to safely move in the environment while exhibiting user-friendly behavior. Ensuring the safe and socially acceptable operation of robots in such settings presents several challenges. To enhance the social acceptance in the design process of service robots, we present a systematic analysis of requirements, categorized into functional and non-functional. These requirements are further classified into different categories, with a single requirement potentially belonging to multiple categories. Finally, considering the specific case of a receptionist robotic agent, we discuss the requirements it should possess to ensure social acceptance.

Published
2024

20. Benchmarking the design of the cryogenics system for the underground argon in DarkSide-20k

Author

Collaboration, DarkSide-20k, Acerbi, F., Adhikari, P., Agnes, P., Ahmad, I., Albergo, S., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Amaudruz, P., Angiolilli, M., Aprile, E., Ardito, R., Corona, M. Atzori, Auty, D. J., Ave, M., Avetisov, I. C., Azzolini, O., Back, H. O., Balmforth, Z., Olmedo, A. Barrado, Barrillon, P., Batignani, G., Bhowmick, P., Blua, S., Bocci, V., Bonivento, W., Bottino, B., Boulay, M. G., Buchowicz, A., Bussino, S., Busto, J., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calabrese, R., Camillo, V., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Capra, A., Caravati, M., Cárdenas-Montes, M., Cargioli, N., Carlini, M., Castellani, A., Castello, P., Cavalcante, P., Cebrian, S., Ruiz, J. Cela, Chashin, S., Chepurnov, A., Cifarelli, L., Cintas, D., Citterio, M., Cleveland, B., Coadou, Y., Cocco, V., Colaiuda, D., Vilda, E. Conde, Consiglio, L., Costa, B. S., Czubak, M., D'Aniello, M., D'Auria, S., Rolo, M. D. Da Rocha, Darbo, G., Davini, S., De Cecco, S., De Guido, G., Dellacasa, G., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Capua, F., Di Ludovico, A., Di Noto, L., Di Stefano, P., Dias, L. K., Mairena, D. Díaz, Ding, X., Dionisi, C., Dolganov, G., Dordei, F., Dronik, V., Elersich, A., Ellingwood, E., Erjavec, T., Diaz, M. Fernandez, Ficorella, A., Fiorillo, G., Franchini, P., Franco, D., Gatti, H. Frandini, Frolov, E., Gabriele, F., Gahan, D., Galbiati, C., Galiński, G., Gallina, G., Gallus, G., Garbini, M., Abia, P. Garcia, Gawdzik, A., Gendotti, A., Ghisi, A., Giovanetti, G. K., Casanueva, V. Goicoechea, Gola, A., Grandi, L., Grauso, G., di Cortona, G. Grilli, Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guerzoni, M., Gulino, M., Guo, C., Hackett, B. R., Hallin, A., Hamer, A., Haranczyk, M., Harrop, B., Hessel, T., Hill, S., Horikawa, S., Hu, J., Hubaut, F., Hucker, J., Hugues, T., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, A., Ippolito, V., Jamil, A., Jillings, C., Jois, S., Kachru, P., Keloth, R., Kemmerich, N., Kemp, A., Kendziora, C. L., Kimura, M., Kish, A., Kondo, K., Korga, G., Kotsiopoulou, L., Koulosousas, S., Kubankin, A., Kunzé, P., Kuss, M., Kuźniak, M., Kuzwa, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Guirriec, E. Le, Leason, E., Leoni, A., Lidey, L., Lissia, M., Luzzi, L., Lychagina, O., Macfadyen, O., Machulin, I. N., Manecki, S., Manthos, I., Mapelli, L., Marasciulli, A., Mari, S. M., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Martinez, M., Martoff, C. J., Matteucci, G., Mavrokoridis, K., McDonald, A. B., Mclaughlin, J., Merzi, S., Messina, A., Milincic, R., Minutoli, S., Mitra, A., Moharana, A., Moioli, S., Monroe, J., Moretti, E., Morrocchi, M., Mroz, T., Muratova, V. N., Murphy, M., Murra, M., Muscas, C., Musico, P., Nania, R., Nessi, M., Nieradka, G., Nikolopoulos, K., Nikoloudaki, E., Nowak, J., Olchanski, K., Oleinik, A., Oleynikov, V., Organtini, P., de Solórzano, A. Ortiz, Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Papi, D., Pastuszak, G., Paternoster, G., Peck, A., Pegoraro, P. A., Pelczar, K., Pellegrini, L. A., Perez, R., Perotti, F., Pesudo, V., Piacentini, S. I., Pino, N., Plante, G., Pocar, A., Poehlmann, M., Pordes, S., Pralavorio, P., Price, D., Puglia, S., Bazetto, M. Queiroga, Ragusa, F., Ramachers, Y., Ramirez, A., Ravinthiran, S., Razeti, M., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Retiere, F., Rignanese, L. P., Rivetti, A., Roberts, A., Roberts, C., Rogers, G., Romero, L., Rossi, M., Rubbia, A., Rudik, D., Sabia, M., Salomone, P., Samoylov, O., Sandford, E., Sanfilippo, S., Santone, D., Santorelli, R., Santos, E. M., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schillaci, G., Schuckman II, F. G., Scioli, G., Semenov, D. A., Shalamova, V., Sheshukov, A., Simeone, M., Skensved, P., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Smirnova, T., Smith, B., Sotnikov, A., Spadoni, F., Spangenberg, M., Stefanizzi, R., Steri, A., Stornelli, V., Stracka, S., Sulis, S., Sung, A., Sunny, C., Suvorov, Y., Szelc, A. M., Taborda, O., Tartaglia, R., Taylor, A., Taylor, J., Tedesco, S., Testera, G., Thieme, K., Thompson, A., Thorpe, T. N., Tonazzo, A., Torres-Lara, S., Tricomi, A., Unzhakov, E. V., Vallivilayil, T. J., Van Uffelen, M., Velazquez-Fernandez, L., Viant, T., Viel, S., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Vossebeld, J., Vyas, B., Wada, M., Walczak, M. B., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Westerdale, S., Williams, L., Wojaczyński, R., Wojcik, M., Wojcik, M. M., Wright, T., Xiao, X., Xie, Y., Yang, C., Yin, J., Zabihi, A., Zakhary, P., Zani, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zichichi, A., Zuzel, G., and Zykova, M. P.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

DarkSide-20k (DS-20k) is a dark matter detection experiment under construction at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy. It utilises ~100 t of low radioactivity argon from an underground source (UAr) in its inner detector, with half serving as target in a dual-phase time projection chamber (TPC). The UAr cryogenics system must maintain stable thermodynamic conditions throughout the experiment's lifetime of >10 years. Continuous removal of impurities and radon from the UAr is essential for maximising signal yield and mitigating background. We are developing an efficient and powerful cryogenics system with a gas purification loop with a target circulation rate of 1000 slpm. Central to its design is a condenser operated with liquid nitrogen which is paired with a gas heat exchanger cascade, delivering a combined cooling power of >8 kW. Here we present the design choices in view of the DS-20k requirements, in particular the condenser's working principle and the cooling control, and we show test results obtained with a dedicated benchmarking platform at CERN and LNGS. We find that the thermal efficiency of the recirculation loop, defined in terms of nitrogen consumption per argon flow rate, is 95 % and the pressure in the test cryostat can be maintained within $\pm$(0.1-0.2) mbar. We further detail a 5-day cool-down procedure of the test cryostat, maintaining a cooling rate typically within -2 K/h, as required for the DS-20k inner detector. Additionally, we assess the circuit's flow resistance, and the heat transfer capabilities of two heat exchanger geometries for argon phase change, used to provide gas for recirculation. We conclude by discussing how our findings influence the finalisation of the system design, including necessary modifications to meet requirements and ongoing testing activities., Comment: 45 pages, 24 figures

Published
2024

21. DarkSide-20k sensitivity to light dark matter particles

Author

Collaboration, DarkSide-20k, Acerbi, F., Adhikari, P., Agnes, P., Ahmad, I., Albergo, S., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Amaudruz, P., Angiolilli, M., Aprile, E., Ardito, R., Corona, M. Atzori, Auty, D. J., Ave, M., Avetisov, I. C., Azzolini, O., Back, H. O., Balmforth, Z., Olmedo, A. Barrado, Barrillon, P., Batignani, G., Bhowmick, P., Blua, S., Bocci, V., Bonivento, W., Bottino, B., Boulay, M. G., Buchowicz, A., Bussino, S., Busto, J., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calabrese, R., Camillo, V., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Capra, A., Caravati, M., Cárdenas-Montes, M., Cargioli, N., Carlini, M., Castellani, A., Castello, P., Cavalcante, P., Cebrian, S., Ruiz, J. M. Cela, Chashin, S., Chepurnov, A., Cifarelli, L., Cintas, D., Citterio, M., Cleveland, B., Coadou, Y., Cocco, V., Colaiuda, D., Vilda, E. Conde, Consiglio, L., Costa, B. S., Czubak, M., D'Aniello, M., D'Auria, S., Rolo, M. D. Da Rocha, Darbo, G., Davini, S., De Cecco, S., De Guido, G., Dellacasa, G., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Capua, F., Di Ludovico, A., Di Noto, L., Di Stefano, P., Dias, L. K., Mairena, D. Díaz, Ding, X., Dionisi, C., Dolganov, G., Dordei, F., Dronik, V., Elersich, A., Ellingwood, E., Erjavec, T., Diaz, M. Fernandez, Ficorella, A., Fiorillo, G., Franchini, P., Franco, D., Gatti, H. Frandini, Frolov, E., Gabriele, F., Gahan, D., Galbiati, C., Galiński, G., Gallina, G., Gallus, G., Garbini, M., Abia, P. Garcia, Gawdzik, A., Gendotti, A., Ghisi, A., Giovanetti, G. K., Casanueva, V. Goicoechea, Gola, A., Grandi, L., Grauso, G., di Cortona, G. Grilli, Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guerzoni, M., Gulino, M., Guo, C., Hackett, B. R., Hallin, A., Hamer, A., Haranczyk, M., Harrop, B., Hessel, T., Hill, S., Horikawa, S., Hu, J., Hubaut, F., Hucker, J., Hugues, T., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, A., Ippolito, V., Jamil, A., Jillings, C., Jois, S., Kachru, P., Keloth, R., Kemmerich, N., Kemp, A., Kendziora, C. L., Kimura, M., Kondo, K., Korga, G., Kotsiopoulou, L., Koulosousas, S., Kubankin, A., Kunzé, P., Kuss, M., Kuźniak, M., Kuzwa, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Guirriec, E. Le, Leason, E., Leoni, A., Lidey, L., Lissia, M., Luzzi, L., Lychagina, O., Macfadyen, O., Machulin, I. N., Manecki, S., Manthos, I., Mapelli, L., Marasciulli, A., Mari, S. M., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Martinez, M., Martoff, C. J., Matteucci, G., Mavrokoridis, K., McDonald, A. B., Mclaughlin, J., Merzi, S., Messina, A., Milincic, R., Minutoli, S., Mitra, A., Moioli, S., Monroe, J., Moretti, E., Morrocchi, M., Mroz, T., Muratova, V. N., Murphy, M., Murra, M., Muscas, C., Musico, P., Nania, R., Nessi, M., Nieradka, G., Nikolopoulos, K., Nikoloudaki, E., Nowak, J., Olchanski, K., Oleinik, A., Oleynikov, V., Organtini, P., de Solórzano, A. Ortiz, Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Papi, D., Pastuszak, G., Paternoster, G., Peck, A., Pegoraro, P. A., Pelczar, K., Pellegrini, L. A., Perez, R., Perotti, F., Pesudo, V., Piacentini, S. I., Pino, N., Plante, G., Pocar, A., Poehlmann, M., Pordes, S., Pralavorio, P., Price, D., Puglia, S., Bazetto, M. Queiroga, Ragusa, F., Ramachers, Y., Ramirez, A., Ravinthiran, S., Razeti, M., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Retiere, F., Rignanese, L. P., Rivetti, A., Roberts, A., Roberts, C., Rogers, G., Romero, L., Rossi, M., Rubbia, A., Rudik, D., Sabia, M., Salomone, P., Samoylov, O., Sandford, E., Sanfilippo, S., Santone, D., Santorelli, R., Santos, E. M., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schillaci, G., Schuckman II, F. G., Scioli, G., Semenov, D. A., Shalamova, V., Sheshukov, A., Simeone, M., Skensved, P., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Smirnova, T., Smith, B., Sotnikov, A., Spadoni, F., Spangenberg, M., Stefanizzi, R., Steri, A., Stornelli, V., Stracka, S., Sulis, S., Sung, A., Sunny, C., Suvorov, Y., Szelc, A. M., Taborda, O., Tartaglia, R., Taylor, A., Taylor, J., Tedesco, S., Testera, G., Thieme, K., Thompson, A., Tonazzo, A., Torres-Lara, S., Tricomi, A., Unzhakov, E. V., Vallivilayil, T. J., Van Uffelen, M., Velazquez-Fernandez, L., Viant, T., Viel, S., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Vossebeld, J., Vyas, B., Walczak, M. B., Wang, Y., Wang, H., Westerdale, S., Williams, L., Wojaczyński, R., Wojcik, M., Wojcik, M. M., Wright, T., Xie, Y., Yang, C., Yin, J., Zabihi, A., Zakhary, P., Zani, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zichichi, A., Zuzel, G., and Zykova, M. P.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The dual-phase liquid argon time projection chamber is presently one of the leading technologies to search for dark matter particles with masses below 10 GeV/c$^2$. This was demonstrated by the DarkSide-50 experiment with approximately 50 kg of low-radioactivity liquid argon as target material. The next generation experiment DarkSide-20k, currently under construction, will use 1,000 times more argon and is expected to start operation in 2027. Based on the DarkSide-50 experience, here we assess the DarkSide-20k sensitivity to models predicting light dark matter particles, including Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) and sub-GeV/c$^2$ particles interacting with electrons in argon atoms. With one year of data, a sensitivity improvement to dark matter interaction cross-sections by at least one order of magnitude with respect to DarkSide-50 is expected for all these models. A sensitivity to WIMP--nucleon interaction cross-sections below $1\times10^{-42}$ cm$^2$ is achievable for WIMP masses above 800 MeV/c$^2$. With 10 years exposure, the neutrino fog can be reached for WIMP masses around 5 GeV/c$^2$., Comment: submitted to Nature Communications

Published
2024

22. NLPGuard: A Framework for Mitigating the Use of Protected Attributes by NLP Classifiers

Author

Greco, Salvatore, Zhou, Ke, Capra, Licia, Cerquitelli, Tania, and Quercia, Daniele

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

AI regulations are expected to prohibit machine learning models from using sensitive attributes during training. However, the latest Natural Language Processing (NLP) classifiers, which rely on deep learning, operate as black-box systems, complicating the detection and remediation of such misuse. Traditional bias mitigation methods in NLP aim for comparable performance across different groups based on attributes like gender or race but fail to address the underlying issue of reliance on protected attributes. To partly fix that, we introduce NLPGuard, a framework for mitigating the reliance on protected attributes in NLP classifiers. NLPGuard takes an unlabeled dataset, an existing NLP classifier, and its training data as input, producing a modified training dataset that significantly reduces dependence on protected attributes without compromising accuracy. NLPGuard is applied to three classification tasks: identifying toxic language, sentiment analysis, and occupation classification. Our evaluation shows that current NLP classifiers heavily depend on protected attributes, with up to $23\%$ of the most predictive words associated with these attributes. However, NLPGuard effectively reduces this reliance by up to $79\%$, while slightly improving accuracy., Comment: Paper accepted at CSCW 2024

Published
2024
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23. S300: HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN TRANSPLANT-INELIGIBLE REAL-LIFE MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS TREATED WITH BORTEZOMIB-MELPHALAN-PREDNISONE (VMP) VS. LENALIDOMIDE-DEXAMETHASONE (RD)

Author

M. D’Agostino, S. Bringhen, R. Ria, F. Ciceri, A. P. Falcone, M. Michieli, M. Grasso, F. Pane, M. Quaresima, F. Cattel, M. Mirabile, F. Fioritoni, M. T. Petrucci, V. Cotugno, A. Capra, S. Pezzatti, M. L. Mosca Siez, M. Cantonetti, G. Margiotta Casaluci, P. Bertazzoni, R. Floris, M. Offidani, G. Pietrantuono, A. Evangelista, M. Boccadoro, and A. Larocca

Subjects
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published
2022
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24. P932: ON-DEMAND PLERIXAFOR WITH CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE AND G-CSF FOR HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELL MOBILIZATION IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS: FINAL RESULTS OF THE MOZOBL06877 STUDY

Author

R. Mina, F. Bonello, F. Fazio, R. Saccardi, V. Bongarzoni, F. Marchesi, G. Bertuglia, P. Curci, R. M. Lemoli, S. Ballanti, T. Dentamaro, G. Benevolo, A. Capra, R. Floris, P. Tosi, A. Olivieri, D. Rota-Scalabrini, C. Cangialosi, M. Cavo, P. Corradini, G. Milone, M. Boccadoro, and A. Larocca

Subjects
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published
2022
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25. COMPARISON OF DIVER-OPERATED UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SYSTEMS FOR CORAL REEF MONITORING

Author

E. Nocerino, F. Neyer, A. Gruen, M. Troyer, F. Menna, A. Brooks, A. Capra, C. Castagnetti, and P. Rossi

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

Underwater photogrammetry is a well-established technique for measuring and modelling the subaquatic environment in fields ranging from archaeology to marine ecology. While for simple tasks the acquisition and processing of images have become straightforward, applications requiring relative accuracy better then 1:1000 are still considered challenging. This study focuses on the metric evaluation of different off-the-shelf camera systems for making high resolution and high accuracy measurements of coral reefs monitoring through time, where the variations to be measured are in the range of a few centimeters per year. High quality and low-cost systems (reflex and mirrorless vs action cameras, i.e. GoPro) with multiple lenses (prime and zoom), different fields of views (from fisheye to moderate wide angle), pressure housing materials and lens ports (dome and flat) are compared. Tests are repeated at different camera to object distances to investigate distance dependent induced errors and assess the accuracy of the photogrammetrically derived models. An extensive statistical analysis of the different systems is performed and comparisons against reference control point measured through a high precision underwater geodetic network are reported.

Published
2019
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26. A new hybrid gadolinium nanoparticles-loaded polymeric material for neutron detection in rare event searches

Author

Collaboration, DarkSide-20k, Acerbi, F., Adhikari, P., Agnes, P., Ahmad, I., Albergo, S., Albuquerque, I. F., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Amaudruz, P., Angiolilli, M., Aprile, E., Ardito, R., Corona, M. Atzori, Auty, D. J., Ave, M., Avetisov, I. C., Azzolini, O., Back, H. O., Balmforth, Z., Olmedo, A. Barrado, Barrillon, P., Batignani, G., Bhowmick, P., Bocci, V., Bonivento, W., Bottino, B., Boulay, M. G., Buchowicz, A., Bussino, S., Busto, J., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Calabrese, R., Camillo, V., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Capra, A., Caravati, M., Cárdenas-Montes, M., Cargioli, N., Carlini, M., Castellani, A., Castello, P., Cavalcante, P., Cavallo, D., Cebrian, S., Ruiz, J. Cela, Chashin, S., Chepurnov, A., Cifarelli, L., Cintas, D., Citterio, M., Cleveland, B., Coadou, Y., Cocco, V., Colaiuda, D., Vilda, E. Conde, Consiglio, L., Costa, B. S., Czubak, M., D'Auria, S., Rolo, M. D. Da Rocha, Darbo, G., Davini, S., De Cecco, S., De Guido, G., Dellacasa, G., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Capua, F., Di Ludovico, A., Di Noto, L., Di Stefano, P., Dias, L. K., Mairena, D. Díaz, Ding, X., Dionisi, C., Dolganov, G., Dordei, F., Dronik, V., Elersich, A., Ellingwood, E., Erjavec, T., Diaz, M. Fernandez, Ficorella, A., Fiorillo, G., Franchini, P., Franco, D., Gatti, H. Frandini, Frolov, E., Gabriele, F., Gahan, D., Galbiati, C., Galinski, G., Gallina, G., Garbini, M., Abia, P. Garcia, Gawdzik, A., Gendotti, A., Ghisi, A., Giovanetti, G. K., Casanueva, V. Goicoechea, Gola, A., Grandi, L., Grauso, G., di Cortona, G. Grilli, Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guerzoni, M., Gulino, M., Guo, C., Hackett, B. R., Hallin, A., Hamer, A., Haranczyk, M., Harrop, B., Hessel, T., Hill, S., Horikawa, S., Hu, J., Hubaut, F., Hucker, J., Hugues, T., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, A., Ippolito, V., Jamil, A., Jillings, C., Keloth, R., Kemmerich, N., Kemp, A., Kendziora, C. L., Kimura, M., Kondo, K., Korga, G., Kotsiopoulou, L., Koulosousas, S., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., Kuzniak, M., Kuzwa, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Guirriec, E. Le, Leason, E., Leoni, A., Lidey, L., Lissia, M., Luzzi, L., Lychagina, O., Macfadyen, O., Machulin, I. N., Manecki, S., Manthos, I., Mapelli, L., Marasciulli, A., Mari, S. M., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Marini, A., Martinez, M., Martoff, C. J., Matteucci, G., Mavrokoridis, K., McDonald, A. B., Mclaughlin, J., Merzi, S., Messina, A., Milincic, R., Minutoli, S., Mitra, A., Moharana, A., Moioli, S., Monroe, J., Moretti, E., Morrocchi, M., Mroz, T., Muratova, V. N., Murphy, M., Murra, M., Muscas, C., Musico, P., Nania, R., Nessi, M., Nieradka, G., Nikolopoulos, K., Nikoloudaki, E., Nowak, J., Olchanski, K., Oleinik, A., Oleynikov, V., Organtini, P., de Solórzano, A. Ortiz, Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Papi, D., Pastuszak, G., Paternoster, G., Peddis, D., Pegoraro, P. A., Pelczar, K., Pellegrini, L. A., Perez, R., Perotti, F., Pesudo, V., Piacentini, S. I., Pino, N., Plante, G., Pocar, A., Poehlmann, M., Pordes, S., Pralavorio, P., Price, D., Puglia, S., Bazetto, M. Queiroga, Ragusa, F., Ramachers, Y., Ramirez, A., Ravinthiran, S., Razeti, M., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Retiere, F., Rignanese, L. P., Rivetti, A., Roberts, A., Roberts, C., Rogers, G., Romero, L., Rossi, M., Rubbia, A., Rudik, D., Sabia, M., Sadashivajois, S., Salomone, P., Samoylov, O., Sandford, E., Sanfilippo, S., Santone, D., Santorelli, R., Santos, E. M., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Schillaci, G., Schuckman II, F. G., Scioli, G., Semenov, D. A., Sheshukov, A., Simeone, M., Skensved, P., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Slimani, S., Smirnov, O., Smirnova, T., Smith, B., Sotnikov, A., Spadoni, F., Spangenberg, M., Stefanizzi, R., Steri, A., Stornelli, V., Stracka, S., Sulis, S., Sung, A., Sunny, C., Suvorov, Y., Szelc, A. M., Taborda, O., Tartaglia, R., Taylor, A., Taylor, J., Tedesco, S., Testera, G., Thieme, K., Thompson, A., Tonazzo, A., Torres-Lara, S., Tosi, S., Tricomi, A., Unzhakov, E. V., Vallivilayil, T. J., Van Uffelen, M., Velazquez-Fernandez, L., Viant, T., Vicini, S., Viel, S., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Vossebeld, J., Vyas, B., Wada, M., Walczak, M. B., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Westerdale, S., Williams, L., Wojaczynski, R., Wojcik, M. M., Wojcik, M., Wright, T., Xie, Y., Yang, C., Yin, J., Zabihi, A., Zakhary, P., Zani, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zichichi, A., Zuzel, G., and Zykova, M. P.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Experiments aimed at direct searches for WIMP dark matter require highly effective reduction of backgrounds and control of any residual radioactive contamination. In particular, neutrons interacting with atomic nuclei represent an important class of backgrounds due to the expected similarity of a WIMP-nucleon interaction, so that such experiments often feature a dedicated neutron detector surrounding the active target volume. In the context of the development of DarkSide-20k detector at INFN Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS), several R&D projects were conceived and developed for the creation of a new hybrid material rich in both hydrogen and gadolinium nuclei to be employed as an essential element of the neutron detector. Thanks to its very high cross-section for neutron capture, gadolinium is one of the most widely used elements in neutron detectors, while the hydrogen-rich material is instrumental in efficiently moderating the neutrons. In this paper results from one of the R&Ds are presented. In this effort the new hybrid material was obtained as a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix, loaded with gadolinium oxide in the form of nanoparticles. We describe its realization, including all phases of design, purification, construction, characterization, and determination of mechanical properties of the new material.

Published
2024
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28. BCL11A intellectual developmental disorder: defining the clinical spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations

Author

Peron, Angela, D’Arco, Felice, Aldinger, Kimberly A., Smith-Hicks, Constance, Zweier, Christiane, Gradek, Gyri A., Bradbury, Kimberley, Accogli, Andrea, Andersen, Erica F., Au, Ping Yee Billie, Battini, Roberta, Beleford, Daniah, Bird, Lynne M., Bouman, Arjan, Bruel, Ange-Line, Busk, Øyvind Løvold, Campeau, Philippe M., Capra, Valeria, Carlston, Colleen, Carmichael, Jenny, Chassevent, Anna, Clayton-Smith, Jill, Bamshad, Michael J., Earl, Dawn L., Faivre, Laurence, Philippe, Christophe, Ferreira, Patrick, Graul-Neumann, Luitgard, Green, Mary J., Haffner, Darrah, Haldipur, Parthiv, Hanna, Suhair, Houge, Gunnar, Jones, Wendy D., Kraus, Cornelia, Kristiansen, Birgit Elisabeth, Lespinasse, James, Low, Karen J., Lynch, Sally Ann, Maia, Sofia, Mao, Rong, Kalinauskiene, Ruta, Melver, Catherine, McDonald, Kimberly, Montgomery, Tara, Morleo, Manuela, Motter, Constance, Openshaw, Amanda S., Palumbos, Janice Cox, Parikh, Aditi Shah, Perilla-Young, Yezmin, Powell, Cynthia M., Person, Richard, Desai, Megha, Piard, Juliette, Pfundt, Rolph, Scala, Marcello, Serey-Gaut, Margaux, Shears, Deborah, Slavotinek, Anne, Suri, Mohnish, Turner, Claire, Tvrdik, Tatiana, Weiss, Karin, Wentzensen, Ingrid M., Zollino, Marcella, Hsieh, Tzung-Chien, de Vries, Bert B. A., Guillemot, Francois, Dobyns, William B., Viskochil, David, and Dias, Cristina

Published
2024
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30. Stimulated Secondary Emission of Single Photon Avalanche Diodes

Author

Raymond, Kurtis, Retière, Fabrice, Lewis, Harry, Capra, Andrea, McCarthy, Duncan, Croix, Austin de St, Gallina, Giacomo, McLaughlin, Joe, Martin, Juliette, Massacret, Nicolas, Agnes, Paolo, Underwood, Ryan, Koulosousas, Seraphim, and Margetak, Peter

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Large-area next-generation physics experiments rely on using Silicon Photo-Multiplier (SiPM) devices to detect single photons, which trigger charge avalanches. The noise mechanism of external cross-talk occurs when secondary photons produced during a charge avalanche escape from an SiPM and trigger other devices within a detector system. This work presents measured spectra of the secondary photons emitted from the Hamamatsu VUV4 and Fondazione Bruno Kessler VUV-HD3 SiPMs stimulated by laser light, near operational voltages. The work describes the Microscope for the Injection and Emission of Light (MIEL) setup, which is an experimental apparatus constructed for this purpose. Measurements have been performed at a range of over-voltage values and temperatures from 86~K to 293~K. The number of photons produced per avalanche at the source are calculated from the measured spectra and determined to be 40$\pm$9 and 61$\pm$11 photons produced per avalanche for the VUV4 and VUV-HD3 respectively at 4 volts over-voltage. No significant temperature dependence is observed within the measurement uncertainties. The overall number of photons emitted per avalanche from each SiPM device are also reported., Comment: 16 pages, 14 figures

Published
2024

31. Illuminating the function of the orphan transporter, SLC22A10, in humans and other primates.

Author

Ferrández-Peral, Luis, Alentorn-Moron, Pol, Fontsere, Claudia, Ceylan, Merve, Koleske, Megan, Handin, Niklas, Artegoitia, Virginia, Lara, Giovanni, Chien, Huan-Chieh, Zhou, Xujia, Dainat, Jacques, Zalevsky, Arthur, Sali, Andrej, Brand, Colin, Wolfreys, Finn, Yang, Jia, Capra, John, Artursson, Per, Marquès-Bonet, Tomàs, Gestwicki, Jason, Giacomini, Kathleen, Newman, John, and Yee, Sook Wah

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Estradiol, HEK293 Cells, Hominidae, Mutation, Missense, Organic Cation Transport Proteins, Primates, Pseudogenes, Substrate Specificity
Abstract

SLC22A10 is an orphan transporter with unknown substrates and function. The goal of this study is to elucidate its substrate specificity and functional characteristics. In contrast to orthologs from great apes, human SLC22A10, tagged with green fluorescent protein, is not expressed on the plasma membrane. Cells expressing great ape SLC22A10 orthologs exhibit significant accumulation of estradiol-17β-glucuronide, unlike those expressing human SLC22A10. Sequence alignments reveal a proline at position 220 in humans, which is a leucine in great apes. Replacing proline with leucine in SLC22A10-P220L restores plasma membrane localization and uptake function. Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes show proline at position 220, akin to modern humans, indicating functional loss during hominin evolution. Human SLC22A10 is a unitary pseudogene due to a fixed missense mutation, P220, while in great apes, its orthologs transport sex steroid conjugates. Characterizing SLC22A10 across species sheds light on its biological role, influencing organism development and steroid homeostasis.

Published
2024

32. Human gene regulatory evolution is driven by the divergence of regulatory element function in both cis and trans.

Author

Hansen, Tyler, Day, Jessica, Capra, John, Hodges, Emily, and Fong, Sarah

Subjects
DNA regulatory elements, chromatin accessibility, comparative genomics, enhancer activity, functional genomics, gene regulation, human evolution, lymphoblastoid cell lines, massively parallel reporter assays, transcription factors, Animals, Humans, Macaca mulatta, Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Gene Expression Regulation, Transcription Factors, Chromatin
Abstract

Gene regulatory divergence between species can result from cis-acting local changes to regulatory element DNA sequences or global trans-acting changes to the regulatory environment. Understanding how these mechanisms drive regulatory evolution has been limited by challenges in identifying trans-acting changes. We present a comprehensive approach to directly identify cis- and trans-divergent regulatory elements between human and rhesus macaque lymphoblastoid cells using assay for transposase-accessible chromatin coupled to self-transcribing active regulatory region (ATAC-STARR) sequencing. In addition to thousands of cis changes, we discover an unexpected number (∼10,000) of trans changes and show that cis and trans elements exhibit distinct patterns of sequence divergence and function. We further identify differentially expressed transcription factors that underlie ∼37% of trans differences and trace how cis changes can produce cascades of trans changes. Overall, we find that most divergent elements (67%) experienced changes in both cis and trans, revealing a substantial role for trans divergence-alone and together with cis changes-in regulatory differences between species.

Published
2024

33. Antihydrogen accumulation for fundamental symmetry tests

Author

M. Ahmadi, B. X. R. Alves, C. J. Baker, W. Bertsche, E. Butler, A. Capra, C. Carruth, C. L. Cesar, M. Charlton, S. Cohen, R. Collister, S. Eriksson, A. Evans, N. Evetts, J. Fajans, T. Friesen, M. C. Fujiwara, D. R. Gill, A. Gutierrez, J. S. Hangst, W. N. Hardy, M. E. Hayden, C. A. Isaac, A. Ishida, M. A. Johnson, S. A. Jones, S. Jonsell, L. Kurchaninov, N. Madsen, M. Mathers, D. Maxwell, J. T. K. McKenna, S. Menary, J. M. Michan, T. Momose, J. J. Munich, P. Nolan, K. Olchanski, A. Olin, P. Pusa, C. Ø. Rasmussen, F. Robicheaux, R. L. Sacramento, M. Sameed, E. Sarid, D. M. Silveira, S. Stracka, G. Stutter, C. So, T. D. Tharp, J. E. Thompson, R. I. Thompson, D. P. van der Werf, and J. S. Wurtele

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Antihydrogen studies are important in testing the fundamental principles of physics but producing antihydrogen in large amounts is challenging. Here the authors demonstrate an efficient and high-precision method for trapping and stacking antihydrogen by using controlled plasma.

Published
2017
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34. CRITICAL ISSUES AND KEY POINTS FROM THE SURVEY TO THE CREATION OF THE HISTORICAL BUILDING INFORMATION MODEL: THE CASE OF SANTO STEFANO BASILICA

Author

C. Castagnetti, M. Dubbini, P. C. Ricci, R. Rivola, M. Giannini, and A. Capra

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

The new era of designing in architecture and civil engineering applications lies in the Building Information Modeling (BIM) approach, based on a 3D geometric model including a 3D database. This is easier for new constructions whereas, when dealing with existing buildings, the creation of the BIM is based on the accurate knowledge of the as-built construction. Such a condition is allowed by a 3D survey, often carried out with laser scanning technology or modern photogrammetry, which are able to guarantee an adequate points cloud in terms of resolution and completeness by balancing both time consuming and costs with respect to the request of final accuracy. The BIM approach for existing buildings and even more for historical buildings is not yet a well known and deeply discussed process. There are still several choices to be addressed in the process from the survey to the model and critical issues to be discussed in the modeling step, particularly when dealing with unconventional elements such as deformed geometries or historical elements. The paper describes a comprehensive workflow that goes through the survey and the modeling, allowing to focus on critical issues and key points to obtain a reliable BIM of an existing monument. The case study employed to illustrate the workflow is the Basilica of St. Stefano in Bologna (Italy), a large monumental complex with great religious, historical and architectural assets.

Published
2017
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36. Use of Cefiderocol in Adult Patients: Descriptive Analysis from a Prospective, Multicenter, Cohort Study

Author

Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto, Labate, Laura, Russo Artimagnella, Chiara, Marelli, Cristina, Signori, Alessio, Di Pilato, Vincenzo, Aldieri, Chiara, Bandera, Alessandra, Briano, Federica, Cacopardo, Bruno, Calabresi, Alessandra, Capra Marzani, Federico, Carretta, Anna, Cattelan, Annamaria, Ceccarelli, Luca, Cenderello, Giovanni, Corcione, Silvia, Cortegiani, Andrea, Cultrera, Rosario, De Rosa, Francesco Giuseppe, Del Bono, Valerio, Del Puente, Filippo, Fanelli, Chiara, Fava, Fiorenza, Francisci, Daniela, Geremia, Nicholas, Graziani, Lucia, Lombardi, Andrea, Losito, Angela Raffaella, Maida, Ivana, Marino, Andrea, Mazzitelli, Maria, Merli, Marco, Monardo, Roberta, Mularoni, Alessandra, Oltolini, Chiara, Pallotto, Carlo, Pontali, Emanuele, Raffaelli, Francesca, Rinaldi, Matteo, Ripa, Marco, Santantonio, Teresa Antonia, Serino, Francesco Saverio, Spinicci, Michele, Torti, Carlo, Trecarichi, Enrico Maria, Tumbarello, Mario, Mikulska, Malgorzata, Giacomini, Mauro, Marchese, Anna, Vena, Antonio, and Bassetti, Matteo

Published
2024
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40. Measurements of Penning-Malmberg trap patch potentials and associated performance degradation

Author

Baker, CJ, Bertsche, W, Capra, A, Cesar, CL, Charlton, M, Christensen, A, Collister, R, Mathad, A Cridland, Eriksson, S, Evans, A, Evetts, N, Fajans, J, Friesen, T, Fujiwara, MC, Gill, DR, Grandemange, P, Granum, P, Hangst, JS, Hayden, ME, Hodgkinson, D, Hunter, ED, Isaac, CA, Johnson, MA, Jones, J, Jones, SA, Jonsell, S, Khramov, A, Kurchaninov, L, Landsberger, H, Madsen, N, Maxwell, D, McKenna, JTK, Menary, S, Momose, T, Mullan, PS, Munich, JJ, Olchanski, K, Olin, A, Peszka, J, Powell, A, Pusa, P, Rasmussen, CØ, Robicheaux, F, Sacramento, RL, Sameed, M, Sarid, E, Silveira, DM, So, C, Stutter, G, Tharp, TD, Thompson, RI, Torkzaban, C, van der Werf, DP, Ward, E, and Wurtele, JS

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, Physical sciences
Published
2024

46. Illuminating the function of the orphan transporter, SLC22A10, in humans and other primates

Author

Yee, Sook Wah, Ferrández-Peral, Luis, Alentorn-Moron, Pol, Fontsere, Claudia, Ceylan, Merve, Koleske, Megan L., Handin, Niklas, Artegoitia, Virginia M., Lara, Giovanni, Chien, Huan-Chieh, Zhou, Xujia, Dainat, Jacques, Zalevsky, Arthur, Sali, Andrej, Brand, Colin M., Wolfreys, Finn D., Yang, Jia, Gestwicki, Jason E., Capra, John A., Artursson, Per, Newman, John W., Marquès-Bonet, Tomàs, and Giacomini, Kathleen M.

Published
2024
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50. Bi-allelic variants in CELSR3 are implicated in central nervous system and urinary tract anomalies

Author

Stegmann, Jil D., Kalanithy, Jeshurun C., Dworschak, Gabriel C., Ishorst, Nina, Mingardo, Enrico, Lopes, Filipa M., Ho, Yee Mang, Grote, Phillip, Lindenberg, Tobias T., Yilmaz, Öznur, Channab, Khadija, Seltzsam, Steve, Shril, Shirlee, Hildebrandt, Friedhelm, Boschann, Felix, Heinen, André, Jolly, Angad, Myers, Katherine, McBride, Kim, Bekheirnia, Mir Reza, Bekheirnia, Nasim, Scala, Marcello, Morleo, Manuela, Nigro, Vincenzo, Torella, Annalaura, Pinelli, Michele, Capra, Valeria, Accogli, Andrea, Maitz, Silvia, Spano, Alice, Olson, Rory J., Klee, Eric W., Lanpher, Brendan C., Jang, Se Song, Chae, Jong-Hee, Steinbauer, Philipp, Rieder, Dietmar, Janecke, Andreas R., Vodopiutz, Julia, Vogel, Ida, Blechingberg, Jenny, Cohen, Jennifer L., Riley, Kacie, Klee, Victoria, Walsh, Laurence E., Begemann, Matthias, Elbracht, Miriam, Eggermann, Thomas, Stoppe, Arzu, Stuurman, Kyra, van Slegtenhorst, Marjon, Barakat, Tahsin Stefan, Mulhern, Maureen S., Sands, Tristan T., Cytrynbaum, Cheryl, Weksberg, Rosanna, Isidori, Federica, Pippucci, Tommaso, Severi, Giulia, Montanari, Francesca, Kruer, Michael C., Bakhtiari, Somayeh, Darvish, Hossein, Reutter, Heiko, Hagelueken, Gregor, Geyer, Matthias, Woolf, Adrian S., Posey, Jennifer E., Lupski, James R., Odermatt, Benjamin, and Hilger, Alina C.

Published
2024
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