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This study aims to assess how to prevent the loss of academic potential due to the full-scale war unleashed by Russia on the territory of Ukraine. The paper establishes the relationship between the location of Ukrainian researchers and their ability to engage in scientific activity and determines the factors that decrease scientific efficiency during the war. Moreover, it identifies the influence of the scientists’ place of residence on their scientific efficiency. The sample comprises 172 lecturers from Berdyansk State Pedagogical University, Ukraine. This university was chosen because it was located in the temporarily occupied territory at the beginning of the war and later was relocated to another city. 40.8% of respondents who left the temporarily occupied territory for the Ukraine-controlled territories noted a decrease in the effectiveness of their scientific activities. Furthermore, 33.8% could not think about science at all. The most challenging situation is for those who went abroad: 55.6% show decreased scientific activity, and 27.7% note its complete absence. The most significant reasons that prevent scientific activity are financial instability, lack of access to equipment, loss of relevance of previously started research, inability to concentrate on science, poor quality or lack of Internet, and adaptation to a new residence.

Chloride is one of the most abundant ions in sea water, which is more available than fresh water. Due to lack of H2O adsorbate states near the valence band maximum (VBM) edge, the difficulty of water dissociation incidents has been reported on the rutile TiO2 surface as the excitation energy is around the band gap energy of TiO2. It is interesting whether the extra chloride can be a benefit to the water dissociation or not. In this study, the models of chlorine adatoms placed on the rutile TiO2 (110)/water interface are constructed using ab initio methods. The time-dependent spatial charges, bond-lengths of water molecules, and Hirshfeld charges are calculated by real-time time-dependent density functional theory and the Ehrenfest dynamics theory for investigating the excited state nonadiabatic dynamics of water dissociation. This study presents two photoinduced water-splitting pathways related to chlorine and analyzes the photogenerated hole along the reactions. The first step of water dissociation relies on the localized competition of oxygen charges between the dissociated water and the bridge site of TiO2 for transforming the water into hydroxyl and hydrogen by photoinduced driving force.

Bilayer compounds of two-dimensional T12 phase carbon allotrope and penta-graphene have been studied using the electron density functional theory. The stability of the considered two-dimensional structures with different types of stacking order at different temperatures has been estimated from the calculated phonon spectra and molecular dynamics simulation. The stability of the two-dimensional planar structure up to 1350 K has been demonstrated. It has been shown that bilayer penta-graphene compounds with the AA' and AB' stacking orders have energy minima both in the state with the van der Waals interaction and in the form of covalently bonded layers in the AA-T12 and T12 phases. The barrier for the transition between covalently and van der Waals bonded AA' and AB' stacking orders has been analyzed. The calculated electronic and optical characteristics show that the band gap in the case of covalent bonding is much narrower than that in the case of van der Waals bonding.

Introduction. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common tumour of the eyelids and periocular region throughout the world. BCC represents 90 % of malignant tumours of the eyelids, predominantly in the male population. The incidence is higher in age over 60. Over 50% of BCC of the periocular region initially occur on the lower lid and inner angle. Research objectives. Literature review of the epidemiology, aetiopathogenesis, clinical attributes, diagnostics, treatment histopathology, recurrence, prognostic factors, and management of BCC. Core of work. Standardised incidence of diagnosis C44 in the period 1997–2012 in Slovakia ranged from 35.05 to 73.9 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The histopathological examination is essential. The first consideration for treatment of periocular BCC is radical surgical excision using Mohs micrographic technique. We can consider the apoptotic index, the expression of Bcl-2, as an unexplained prognostic factor of BCC recurrence. Conclusion. Increased attention must be given to periocular malignant tumours. Functional and aesthetic outcome in patients is important after clear excisions and reconstruction should be carefully considered. Radical exenteration is considered in the case of orbital invasion of high-risk aggressive BCC.

Background. In some rare cases pediatric solid tumors may infiltrate or incase major vessels, which may require vascular plastics as part of radical tumor resection. As these situations are rare in pediatric surgeon practice, there is no common approach to this problem. In order to analyze the available experience we reviewed published cases concerning vascular plastics in pediatric oncosurgery. Materials and methods. The references from MEDLINE (PubMed), HighWire Press, and eLibrary electronic databases were analyzed for references describing practical vascular surgery experience with vascular implants published in 2002–2022. Results. There is few published data on major vessels reconstruction in patients with pediatric solid tumors. Most publications describe single cases or small case series. The vascular plastics in these children is difficult due to small vessel diameter, difficulties in choosing the right graft, risk of thrombosis, and the need to provide adequate circulation in a rapidly growing child. As there are no major studies of this subject we still have no consensus on optimal vascular reconstruction tactics in children with solid tumors. Therefore, new systematic studies are needed. Conclusion. We provide a brief review on currently used methods of vascular plastics and reconstruction available for use in children with solid tumors.

Background. Various anthropometric and instrumental methods are used to assess the correspondence between height and body weight of a person. Aim. Carrying out a comparative assessment of the results of anthropometric indicators and bioimpedance analysis among men and women fitness center visitors. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study of 58 men and 62 women was carried out. Participants underwent standard anthropometry (measurement of height with a stadiometer; body weight with an electronic scale; measurement of waist circumference and hip circumference with a centimeter tape) and bioimpedancemetry. Statistical processing was carried out by non-parametric methods: to study the relationship between the phenomena, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used, the differences in the average indicators were calculated by the Student's t-test, relative indicators by the Pearson 2 test, the differences were considered statistically significant at p 0.05. Results. Correlation analysis of the main calculated anthropometric and bioimpedance parameters established a strong relationship between body mass index and adipose tissue content (r=0.87). According to the data of bioimpedance analysis in the group of men, there was a significant predominance of muscle mass over fat, both in normal and overweight (p 0.0001). In the course of a comparative assessment of body mass index and bioimpedance analysis indicators, it was found that the use of body mass index is more often associated with overdiagnosis of overweight (p=0.0067). In the group of women, bioimpedancemetry analysis showed the predominance of muscle tissue over adipose tissue only with a normal body mass index, with overweight, the predominance of adipose tissue was found (p 0.0001). According to the results of bioimpedancemetry, the frequency of the norm decreased by 1.5 times compared with the body mass index (p=0.0017), the proportion of obesity increased by 4 times (p=0.0017) and the proportion of overweight almost 1.4 times. Conclusion. A comprehensive assessment of the body composition by bioimpedancemetry in men established the predominance of muscle mass over fat, which made it possible to reduce the frequency of overdiagnosis of excess body weight by 2 times; in women, body mass index was associated with underdiagnosis of overweight.

In this work, using the methods of X-ray phase analysis, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, the features of the impact of annealing in air within the temperature range of t = 200÷÷550 °C on the morphology, elemental and phase composition, chemical state and structure of primary particles of nanopowders obtained by grinding natural diamond and the method of detonation synthesis are studied. It is shown that heat treatment in air at given values of temperature and heating time does not affect the elemental composition and atomic structure of primary particles of nanopowders obtained both by the methods of detonation synthesis (DND) and natural diamond grinding (PND). Using XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, it has been found that annealing in air within the temperature range of 400–550 °C results in the effective removal of amorphous and graphite-like carbon atoms in the sp2- and sp3-states from diamond nanopowders by oxidation with atmospheric oxygen. In the original DND nanopowder, containing about 33.2 % of non-diamond carbon atoms of the total number of carbon atoms, after annealing for 5 h at a temperature of 550 °C, the relative number of nondiamond carbon atoms in the sp2-state decreased to ~21.4 %. In this case, the increase in the relative number of carbon atoms in the sp3-state (in the lattice of the diamond core) and in the composition of oxygen-containing functional groups ranged from ~39.8 % to ~46.5 % and from ~27 % to ~32.1 %, respectively. In the PND nanopowder, which prior to annealing contains about 10.6 % of non-diamond carbon atoms in the sp2-state of the total number of carbon atoms, after annealing under the same conditions as the DND nanopowder, their relative number decreased to 7.1 %. The relative number of carbon atoms in the sp3-state increased from 72.9 % to 82.1 %, and the proportion of carbon atoms in the composition of oxygen-containing functional groups also slightly increased from 10.2 % to 10.8 %. It is demonstrated that the annealing of PND and DND nanopowders in air leads to a change in their color, they become lighter as a result of oxidation of non-diamond carbon by atmospheric oxygen. The maximum effect is observed at a temperature of 550 °C and an annealing time of 5 h. In this case, the weight loss of PND and DND nanopowders after annealing was 5.37 % and 21.09 %, respectively. The significant weight loss of DND nanopowder compared to PND is primarily caused by the high content of non-diamond carbon in the initial state and the high surface energy of primary particles due to their small size.

The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of polymorphic variants previously associated with arterial hypertension (AH) in Genome Wide Association Studies (GWASs) in/next to genes and locuses CYP7A1 and PLEKHA7 on the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Bulgarian patients. A hundred and nine consecutive patients with angiographically documented CAD were studied. The genotyping was done with 7900 HT Fast Real-Time PCR (Applied Biosystems) with TaqMan® method. The control group consisted of 192 healthy population controls, selected from the bio- bank of the Molecular Medicine Center. SPSS and PLINK were used for the statistical analysis with level of significance < 0.05 and confidence interval 95%. The mean age of the studied patients was 63.71 ± 9.35 years; 35 (35%) females. Previous myocardial infarction (MI) had 38(38%); one-vessel – 39 (39%); two-vessel – 28 (28%); three-vessel disease – 34 (34%); 43 (43%) were with diabetes mellitus; 92 (92%) – with arterial hypertension (AH); 77 (77%) – with dyslipidemia; 42 (42%) were smokers; 25 (25%) were obese. We did not find any significant association between CAD and poly- morphism rs11191548 near CYP17A1 and only a tendency for genotype of rs381815 in PLEKHA7 (p = 0.06; OR 0.64; CI 0.40-1.02 for CAD) under dominant model. This is of practical importance both for studying the genetic aspects of CAD in the future and for enlargement of the current database.

AIM. To evaluate the expected effectiveness of post-COVID rehabilitation strategies. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study was conducted August, 2021 – March, 2022 in the republican and federal rehabilitation centers: Krasnodar Territory (n=25), the Republic of Buryatia (n=25), and Moscow (n= 25). The data were obtained by a retrospective analysis of medical records and by interviewing the study participants who had an indication or had been treated in a rehabilitation centre for post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (U 09.9). The average length of time after the onset of the acute period of the disease was 6.5 ± 2.5 months. A prognostic model was constructed to estimate the expected effectiveness of the rehabilitation programme, as measured by a reduction in the severity of dyspnea. Nonlinear maximum likelihood logit regression was used to build the model. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. According to the presented model, the best expected rehabilitation effectiveness was found in the National Medical Research Center (Moscow) (β=-1.788685, p=0.009964604), a slightly lower expected rehabilitation effectiveness was observed in the resort with a curative climate (Krasnodar Territory) (β=0.9913501, p=0.182944), the lowest expected effectiveness was registered in the regional rehabilitation center (the Republic of Buryatia) (β=1.054594 p=0.2642723). The need for an integrated approach in the treatment of patients with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome was pointed out by many domestic and foreign researchers, however, the choice and content of treatment strategies is debatable. Our study provides a preliminary answer to this question. CONCLUSION. The developed model of the expected effectiveness of the rehabilitation of patients suffering from shortness of breath after undergoing COVID-19 has a specificity of 54.54%, sensitivity of 91.3% and an overall accuracy of 84.21%. The best expected rehabilitation effectiveness was found in the National Medical Research Center of Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Moscow) (β=-1.788685, p=0.009964604), somewhat lower in the resort with a curative climate (Krasnodar territory) (β=0.9913501, p=0.182944), the lowest expected efficiency was registered in the regional rehabilitation center (the Republic of Buryatia) (β=1.054594 p=0.2642723).

We computed, at the ab initio level, BaZrO3, CaTiO3, SrTiO3 as well as WO3 and ReO3 (001) surfaces and analyzed systematic tendencies therein. As obtained by our ab initio hybrid DFT-HF computations, at BO2-terminated (001) surfaces of investigated ABO3 perovskites as well as WO3 and ReO3 oxides, all top-layer ions shift in the direction of the crystal bulk. The single-deviation from this tendency is upward shift of the WO2-terminated WO3 (001) surface top layer O ion by the magnitude of +0.42% of the bulk lattice constant a0. In contrary, all second layer ions, with the single exception of ReO2-terminated ReO3 (001) surface O ion, shifts upwards. Our computed BO2-terminated SrTiO3, CaTiO3, BaZrO3, WO3 and ReO3 (001) surface Γ–Γ band gaps always are smaller than their respective bulk Γ–Γ band gaps. The B–O ion chemical bond populations in the SrTiO3, CaTiO3 and BaZrO3 perovskite bulk are always smaller than at their nearby BO2-terminated (001) surfaces. On the contrary, the W–O and Re–O ion chemical bond populations in the WO3 (0.142 e) and ReO3 (0.212 e) bulk are slightly larger than at nearby the WO2- and ReO2-terminated WO3 and ReO3 (001) surfaces (0.108 e and 0.170 e). Nonetheless, the W–O and Re–O chemical bond populations between the W and Re ions located in the upper layer and the O ions located in the second layer of the WO2- and ReO2-terminated (001) surfaces (0.278 e and 0.262 e) are the absolutely largest bond populations in the WO3 and ReO3 crystals.

The subject of the study is electric power processes in integrated test benches with DC machines and induction machines operating on the principle of mutual loading. The purpose of the study is to obtain a mathematical model that allows us to study the operation of DC machines under specified conditions. Methods of mathematical modeling, well-known mathematical models of elements of two-link frequency converters, numerical methods for solving differential equations systems using the Runge-Kutta method of the fourth order of accuracy implemented in the Mathcad computer algebra system are used for the study. Mathematical modeling takes into account the nonlinearity of the magnetization curve of the magnetic circuits of electric machines and the pulsations of constant voltage supplied to their windings caused by the operation of converters. As a result of the study, mathematical models of electric power processes in test benches were obtained, which allow calculating currents in all branches of the considered electrical circuits, electromagnetic moments and the rotation frequency of the common shaft. The developed mathematical models can be applied in the design of integrated stands for testing DC machines and asynchronous machines by the method of mutual loading.

Introduction: The number of studies on health effects of social networking in young people has increased recently, but their results are inconsistent. Objective: To analyze the impact of social networking on the development of Internet addiction disorders among medical university students. Materials and methods: A survey of 403 medical students from the Russian cities of Moscow, Kaliningrad, and Voronezh was conducted in January–March, 2022 using a questionnaire developed by S.A. Kulakov to identify the influence of Internet or an already developed Internet addiction, and later tested and recommended for hygienic research by Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences A.G. Sukharev. The mean age of students was 20.1 ± 0.08 years. Statistical data analysis was carried out using standard methods in Microsoft Excel and Statistica 13.0; we also did descriptive statistics and estimated relative risks. Results: According to the Screen Time app, the average time of social networking among the students was 250.3 ± 14.0 minutes a day. Three or more social networks were used daily by 53.5 % of the respondents. Our questionnaire-based survey revealed 2.3 % of the students with Internet addiction disorders and 13.9 % of those strongly influenced by the Net. Conclusion: The relative risk of developing Internet addiction among the medical university students posed by two or more hours a day of social networking was 4.167 (95.0 % CI, 2.558–31.130). This factor, however, is manageable and should be taken into account in health education of medical students.

Chalcopyrites are ternary semiconductor compounds with successful applications in photovoltaics. Certain chalcopyrites are well researched, yet others remain understudied despite showing promise. In this study, we use ab initio methods to study CuGaS2, AgGaS2, and CuGaSe2 chalcopyrites with a focus on their less studied solid solutions. We use density functional theory (DFT) to study the effects that atomic configurations have on the properties of a solid solution and we calculate the optical absorption spectra using a many-body perturbation theory. Our theoretical simulations predict that excess of In and Se in the solid solutions leads to narrowing of the band gap and to the broadening of the absorption spectra. Obtained results show promise for possible photovoltaic applications, as well as developed methodology can be used for further study of other promising chalcopyritic compounds.

We have performed a systematic study resulting in detailed information on the structural, electronic and optical properties of the cubic (Pm3¯m) and tetragonal (P4mm) phases of PbTiO3 applying the GGA/PBE approximation with and without the Hubbard U potential correction. Through the variation in Hubbard potential values, we establish band gap predictions for the tetragonal phase of PbTiO3 that are in rather good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, the bond lengths for both phases of PbTiO3 were assessed with experimental measurements, confirming the validity of our model, while chemical bond analysis highlights the covalent nature of the Ti–O and Pb–O bonds. In addition, the study of the optical properties of the two phases of PbTiO3, by applying Hubbard’ U potential, corrects the systematic inaccuracy of the GGA approximation, as well as validating the electronic analysis and offering excellent concordance with the experimental results. Therefore, our results underline that the GGA/PBE approximation with the Hubbard U potential correction could be an effective method for obtaining reliable band gap predictions with moderate computational cost. Therefore, these findings will enable theorists to make use of the precise values of these two phases’ gap energies to enhance PbTiO3’s performance for new applications.

In this work, we present the results of the structure and luminescence properties of YAG:Ce (Y3Al5O12 doped with Ce3+ ions) ceramic samples. Their synthesis was carried out by sintering samples from the initial oxide powders under the powerful action of a high-energy electron beam with an energy of 1.4 MeV and a power density of 22–25 kW/cm2. The measured diffraction patterns of the synthesized ceramics are in good agreement with the standard for YAG. Luminescence characteristics at stationary/time-resolved regimes were studied. It is shown that under the influence of a high-power electron beam on a mixture of powders, it is possible to synthesize YAG:Ce luminescent ceramics with characteristics close to the well-known YAG:Ce phosphor ceramics obtained by traditional methods of solid-state synthesis. Thus, it has been demonstrated that the technology of radiation synthesis of luminescent ceramics is very promising.

Recently gallium oxide ($$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$ Ga 2 O 3 ) has become one of the most actively studied materials due to its competitive electronic properties such as wide bandgap, high breakdown field, simple control of carrier concentration, and high thermal stability. These properties make gallium oxide a promising candidate for potential applications in high-power electronic devices. $$\beta$$ β -$$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$ Ga 2 O 3 crystals are commonly grown by the Czochralski method in an iridium (Ir) crucible. For this reason, Ir is often present in $$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$ Ga 2 O 3 crystals as an unintentional dopant. In this work the impact of Ir incorporation defects on potential p-type conductivity in $$\beta$$ β -$$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$ Ga 2 O 3 is studied by means of density functional theory. The metastable $$\alpha$$ α -$$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$ Ga 2 O 3 phase was investigated as the model object to understand the processes caused by iridium doping in gallium oxide-based systems. Obtained results allow us to understand better the influence of Ir on $$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$ Ga 2 O 3 electronic structure, as well as provide interpretation for optical transitions reported in recent experiments.

The article contains an overview of the main bibliographic information about the curriculum vitae and professional activities of Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Director of the Research Institute of Hygiene for Children and Adolescents - Galina Nikolaevna Serdyukovskaya. The data of literary sources in authorship/co-authorship with G.N. Serdyukovskaya, was taken from the electronic fund of the Russian State Library. The role of the scientist in creating a scientific and pedagogical basis for studying the problem of the health of children and schoolchildren is shown, the results of the activities of the Research Institute of Hygiene for Children and Adolescents headed by her over the period from 1963 to 1996, its development, issues of establishing scientific and clinical activities are indicated. Improvement of scientific and managing activities in this area, development of international cooperation, great public work carried out by G.N. Serdyukovskaya became an example for many generations of scientists whose activities are related to the study of the health problems of children, adolescents and youth.

Purpose. To assess the sowing rate effect on the performance and seed quality of pea cultivars in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Materials and methods. The study was conducted in the stationary crop rotation of the Plant Production Institute named after V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS in 2018–2021 on basic mineral fertilization at a dose of N30P30K30. The soil was typical mid-humus slightly-leached chernozem. The forecrop was spring cereals. Zoned pea cultivars Oplot and Metsenat were investigated in the experiments. The sowing rate was 0.8 million, 1.0 million, 1.2 million, and 1.4 million seeds/ha. The farming techniques, except for the issues under investigation, were conventional the zone. The data were processed by analysis of variance. Results and discussion. Under the instable weather in 2018–2021, on average, the largest numbers of pods and seeds per plant and the highest 1000-seed weight in the pea cultivars were recorded at the sowing rate of 0.8 million seeds/ha. The increase in the rate to 1.4 million seeds/ha resulted in a significant decline in these parameters: by 10.9−11.4%, 16.0–18.3% and 5.3–7.8%, respectively. The differences in the 1000-seed weight between the ‘1.0 million seeds/ha’ and ‘1.2 million seeds/ha’ variants as well as between ‘1.2 million seeds/ha’ and ‘1.4 million seeds/ha’ variants were insignificant: 2.3−2.4 g and 4.1−9.5 g, respectively. The pre- harvest plant density was vary similar regardless of the sowing rates: 0.75−1.12 million plants/ha in Oplot and 0.74−1.11 million plants/ha in Metsenat. At the same time, the pre-harvest plant survival decreased when the sowing rate was raised: 79.3−80.0% (depending on the cultivar) at 1.4 million seeds/ha vs. 85.0−87.0% at 1.0 million and 1.2 million seeds/ha. The highest pre-harvest plant survival (92.5−93.8%) was recorded when the both cultivars were sown at the rate of 0.8 million seeds/ha. Thus, pea cultivars were able to self-regulate their plant density at different sowing rates. On the average across the four years in the ‘0.8 million seeds/ha’ variant, the performance of Oplot amounted to 2.67 t/ha. When the sowing rate was increased to 1.2 million and 1.4 million seeds/ha, the performance rose by 0.35 t/ha and 0.41 t/ha or by 13.1% and 15.4%, respectively. At the same time, the increase in the sowing density to 1.4 million seeds/ha did not significantly boost the seed yield compared to the ‘1.2 million seeds/ha' variant. In Metsenat, the differences in the yield depending on the sowing rate were smaller (2.51−2.75 t/ha).The biggest yield was noted at the sowing rate of 1.2 million seeds/ha and there was a downward trend in the plant performance as the plant density was increased. Under the most favorable weather in 2020 and 2021, the highest yields were obtained when the cultivars were sown at the rates of 1.2 million and 1.4 million seeds/ha, without any significant difference between them. In 2020, the maximum yield was given by Oplot (4.09 and 4.20 t/ha, respectively, which was by 14.2% and 17.3% higher than that in the ‘0.8 million seeds/ha’ variant). Metsenat responded more weakly to the favorable weather. When the sowing density was raised from 1.0 million seeds/ha to 1.4 million seeds/ha, the yield was 3.59–3.77 t/ha; the desirable gain in the seed yield of 0.20 t/ha or 5.6% was provided at the rate of 1.2 million seeds/ha. In unfavorable 2018, there was no significant difference in the yields from the cultivars between the studied variants. There were differences in the seed quality of the cultivars depending on weather and sowing rate. On average across the sowing rates, Oplot had a higher content of protein in seeds: 21.35%, which was by 0.26% higher than in Metsenat. On average across the study years, a higher content of protein in seeds were noted with the sowing rate of 0.8 million seeds/ha: 1.68% in Oplot and 21.40% in Metsenat. As the sowing rate was increased to 1.0 million and 1.2 million seeds/ha, the protein content in seeds reduced by 0.20–0.37%; when the rate was increased to 1.4 million seeds/ha - by 0.65– 0.67%. Regardless of the sowing rate, Oplot produced a higher yield and accumulated more protein in seeds than Metsenat. Conclusions. On average under the unstable weather in 2018−2021, the highest indicators of the pea performance were recorded at the sowing rate of 0.8 million seeds/ha, and its increase to 1.4 million seeds/ha led to their reduction. The pre-harvest plant density differed insignificantly between the cultivars related to the sowing rates, plant survival rates decreased with increasing sowing density. The pre-harvest highest survival of plants was achieved at the rate of 0.8 million seeds/ha − 92.5−93.8%. The pea cultivars were able to self-regulate their plant density. On the average across the four years in the ‘0.8 million seeds/ha’ variant, the yield from Oplot was 2.67 t/ha, increasing by 0.35 and 0.41 t/ha or by 13.1 and 15.4% at the sowing rates of 1.2 million and 1.4 million seeds/ha, respectively. 1.2 million seeds/ha turned out to be the optimal sowing rate, and an increase in the sowing density led to a reduction in the plant performance. There were differences in the seed quality of the cultivars depending on the weather and sowing rate, in particular, the highest content of protein in seeds was detected in Oplot sown at the rate of 0.8 million seeds/ha.

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of aquatic training in diluted sodium chloride bromine brine in restoring the functional state of the organism of patients with portcovid syndrome in comparison with aquatic training in fresh water. Material and methods. Specialists of the National Medical Research Centre of Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Health of Russia conducted an open, prospective, randomized study to evaluate the effect of a course of aquatic training in a bromine sodium chloride brine pool. The study included 28 subjects, who were divided into 2 equal groups. Patients in both groups were comparable for gender (χ2 =0.45; p=0.31) and age (U=99.5; p=0.7) and all had post COVID-19 (U 09.9) as their primary diagnosis. The intervention group received a course of aquatic training (7 treatments) in a pool with bromine sodium chloride brine (well No. 69, 32 Novy Arbat Street, Moscow) with mineralization of 120 g/dm3 and its preliminary dilution to 40 g/m3. Control group – a course of aquatic-exercises (7 treatments) in a fresh water pool. Patients, after signing informed consent, underwent load tests: 6-minute walking test, laser Doppler flowmetry (“LASMA ST”, Russia), cardiointervalography (“Health Reserves-R”, Russia). Results and discussion. These data confirm the “null” hypothesis of a more favorable effect of the chemical composition of the diluted brine that acts during aquatic training on the patient’s body compared to fresh water, especially in the presence of microcirculation disorders after suffering COVID-19. The group of patients who received aquatic training in the pool with bromine sodium chloride brine revealed a significant decrease in excessive sympathetic nervous system activity (T-11.0; p=0.02) at the end of the study. According to LAZMA-ST data, there was a twofold increase in the oxidative metabolism of the cell (IOM T-16.0; p 0.05). These data confirm the “null” hypothesis of a more favorable effect of the chemical composition of the diluted brine that acts during aquatic training on the patient’s body compared to fresh water, especially in the presence of microcirculation disorders after suffering COVID-19. Conclusion. Aquatic training in sodium chloride bromide brine effectively reduces the sympathetic nervous system activity, increases oxidative metabolism and improves microcirculation compared to aquatic training in fresh water.

AIM: This study aimed to conduct comprehensive scientific research to monitor the physical development of children in Russia aged 55 years from 1965 to 2021 and characterize the current state of acceleration activities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted in 2021 as part of the all-Russian population monitoring of the physical development of schoolchildren aged 717 years. A total of 30,965 boys and 33,290 girls were examined. The standard anthropometric technique, tools, and statistical processing were used. The subjects of the Russian Federation for which there were archival published data were selected to analyze the long-term dynamics of the physical development of child population. The monitoring parameters included data about the climatic-geographical and socio-economic characteristics of the regions. The conducted study did not endanger the participants, and it complied with the requirements of biomedical ethics and the statements of the Declaration of Helsinki. Statistica 13 PL (StatSoft, USA) was used for data processing. RESULTS: In the prognostic model for the formation of indicators of physical development of children, the leading factor (p 0.05) is agegender characteristics (-coefficient=4.065.04), and the second significant factor is the index of social development of the region (-coefficient=0.370.47). Living in regions with insufficient insolation (-coefficient=0.44) and living in rural areas (-coefficient=0.44) are also considered as significant factors for boys. DISCUSSION: Regional scenarios are observed in the physical development of children; therefore, the regional standards for the physical development of children must be updated every 1020 years. CONCLUSIONS: In the second decade of the XXI century, no manifestations of deceleration with gracilization are recorded at the end of the XX century in the physical development of the child population of Russia. The activity of acceleration with disharmonious manifestations has been addressed. Data about the physical development of children in Russia, which were analyzed in the dynamics of 55 years of observation, indicate that regional scenarios are associated with the influence of climatic, geographic, and socio-economic factors.