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In low–middle income countries the number of patients suffering from PTSD (from adult onset trauma) and from complex-PTSD (who have suffered from childhood emotional, physical and sexual abuse, dep...

This research deployed Roger’s innovation diffusion theory to study the adoption of mobile phone services for data collection and report submission among health workers in Rungwe district – Tanzania. Many respondents agreed that, the adoption of mobile phone services for report submission is cheap (73.36%), easy (77.39%), quick (74.4%), can be done at anytime (78.89%), and can allow provision of other services (78.39%). Similarly majority of respondents agreed that, adoption of mobile phone services will be compatible with their employer (64.32%), nature of work (73.37%), and level of education (64.82%). However, almost half of respondents disagreed to the concept that adoption of mobile phone services for report submission will be compatible to their monthly salary income (48.25%) and monthly mobile phone operating cost (47.24%). On complexities associated with the adoption of mobile phone services for report submission, most respondents are able to use mobile phone voice calls (78.78%) and SMS (82.41%). Majority of respondents are unable to use the internet (44.72%) and MMS (48.24%). Trialability of daily and weekly HIMS data was favoured by majority of respondents with 68.33% and 65.32% agreement respectively. Trialability of monthly, quarterly and annual HIMS data was not favoured by majority of respondents with the disagreement of 52.26%, 56.78% and 61.30%, respectively. The findings of the study illustrated that, adoption of mobile phone services for report submission will have observability features such as improved frequency of submission (62.81%), timely submitted report (60.30%), other field using the same technology (64.32%) and other staff using the same technology (66.83%). Correlation analysis of the study data showed that the age category, type of health facility, and employment age were positively correlated but not significant with adoption of mobile phone services for report submission. Monthly salary category and monthly mobile phone costs were inversely correlated with adoption of mobile services for report submission. Only 0.3% of variance in adoption of mobile phone services for report submission was accounted by the regressed demographic variables. Key words: Mobile Phones, Health Information Communication, m-health workers

The Red-billed Quelea Quelea quelea is the most numerous terrestrial bird and the most destructive avian pest of small-grain crops throughout sub-Saharan Africa. The birds occur in 60% of the cereal production areas of Tanzania almost every year. Quelea can cause serious local damage to millet, rice, wheat and sorghum and cause considerable hardship to subsistence farmers. Spraying with the organophosphate avicide Queletox®, (60% fenthion a.i.) remains the preferred control measure despite its negative impact on the environment and high cost. As an alternative control measure, the mass trapping of quelea and harvesting their chicks to use both as a source of protein and for income generation was investigated. Two traps using very large nets, based on designs used successfully to catch birds in Tunisia and the USA, failed with quelea; but success was achieved with four other methods. With traditional basket traps made of grass, an average of 286 birds could be caught per trap per day, this increased to 574 birds by using a replica wire mesh version. When using mist nets in a breeding colony the number of birds caught per day per 12 m long net varied from 445 for the first day to 231 on the tenth day. Trials with a roost trap yielded 5,000 to 17,000 birds per day. Cooking and preservation methods were investigated to maximise the potential utilization of quelea meat as a food resource. The best preservation method was achieved by boiling with added salt and drying, while the cooked product rated most highly by volunteer tasters was fresh meat. Proximate analysis was conducted on preserved, milled, quelea meat which confirmed the highly nutritive value of quelea for human consumption. It was concluded that mass-trapping and chick harvesting methods were more environmentally friendly control methods than spraying or use of explosives, with the added benefits of providing high-quality proteinaceous, uncontaminated, food and income generation for the trappers and their families.