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Abstract Background For women worldwide, breast cancer is considered a significant public health concern. The development of enormous changes caused by surgery and irradiation makes diagnosing the postoperative breast a complicated procedure. The current study aimed to detect the additive role of contrast-enhanced spectral mammogram (CESM) to digital mammogram and US in the surveillance of postoperative breast cancer patients. Methods This research was conducted on 74 female patients with a prior history of surgery for the treatment of previous breast cancer. All patients had undergone sonomammography and CESM. Benign lesions were followed up, while suspicious lesions were biopsied. Results The current study revealed that CESM can enhance the sensitivity, specificity our overall accuracy of sonomammography in the surveillance of breast cancer patients after surgery. Conclusion Adding CESM to properly selected patients in the surveillance of breast cancer patients after surgical treatment can enhance the diagnostic performance of conventional imaging modalities.

Background: Extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis (EHPVT) is a cause of portal hypertension in children. It is complicated by upper gastrointestinal variceal bleeding. Aim of the work: to study shear wave elastography (SWE) assessed liver and spleen stiffness among children with EHPVT as a predictor of esophageal varices, its grade and/or upper gastrointestinal (GIT) bleeding. Methods: This case-control study included 18 children with EHPVT who were not secondary to liver disease and 18 healthy children as a control group who underwent ultrasonography and SWE of the liver and spleen. The patient group underwent upper GIT endoscopy as well. Results: The mean ± SD age of the children with EPVT was 9.11 ± 5.26 years, and 5 (27.7%) were females. Three (16.7%) had thrombophilia, 11 (61.1%) had undergone neonatal placement of umbilical catheter, both neonatal intensive care unit admission and thrombophilia in 2 (11.1%) and omphalitis in one (5.5%). All had clinically evident splenomegaly and sonographic evidence of portal vein cavernoma, 2 had recanalized portal vein. SWE stiffness of the right lobe was 7.39 ± 0.86 kPa, the left lobe was 7.64± 0.99 kPa and splenic stiffness was (mean± SD was 68.1 ± 22.8 kPa and range 28-121 kPa) among those with EHPVT, compared to the control group which was 6.83 ± 0.37 kPa, 7.39 ± 0.85 kPa, and (mean± SD was 19.61 ± 2.7 kPa and range 17.2-24.2 kPa), (p = 0.018), (p=0.036) and (p=0.00001) respectively. Esophageal varices bleeding and grade did not correlate with the modified caudate to right lobe diameter ratio (p=0.621), and (p= 0.53), stiffness of the right lobe (p=0.64) and (p= 0.684), left lobe (p=0.297) and (p= 0.223), or spleen stiffness (p=0.499) and (p= 0.196) respectively. Eleven (61.1%) had patent lienorenal collaterals, they were older (mean age 10± 5.3years) compared to those who did not develop (6.7 ± 3.6 years) lienorenal collaterals (p=0.06). The development of spontaneous lienorenal shunts was associated with a decreased risk of variceal bleeding (p= 0.013). Conclusion: EHPVT in children was associated with hepatic and splenic stiffness compared to the control group. The stiffness did not correlate with the upper GIT variceal grade or bleeding. The development of spontaneous lienorenal shunts seems to deflate portosystemic shunt pressure and reduce the risk of variceal bleeding.

With the goal to effectively produce a cadre of trained and ready foreign language (FL) teachers, the academic debate is not only focused on what content knowledge and skills the teacher needs, but also on how to best deliver teacher training in order to acquire such knowledge and skills (Darling-Hammond et al., 2017). Hence, it is particularly important to evaluate the design and facilitation of teacher professional development (PD) courses to maximize learning and transfer of training. This action research study investigated the instructional approaches offered in a PD course in a FL institute and teachers' perceptions of benefits and drawbacks of each approach on their learning. A mixed method approach (Teddlie & Tashakkori, 2009; Tsushima, 2017) was followed to obtain a holistic understanding of the issue. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected. This included tracking the time spent on different instructional approaches over two iterations of the course in two different Middle-Eastern (ME) language schools and using a survey with open-ended questions to collect teachers' input about the instructional approaches. Four course facilitators and thirteen teachers participated in the study. Data analysis indicated that mentoring played a significant role in participants' learning. The mentoring sessions embedded within the workshop instructional hours and the one-on-one ad hoc out of class mentoring sessions, constituting 73% of the total instructional hours, were perceived as being instrumental to the participants' learning experiences. One implication for teacher trainers is that they need to be aware of what specific personal and professional qualities they bring to mentoring teachers or what skills they do not yet possess. Teacher training courses and on-going reflective practice need to include such opportunities.

African art is a distinct art by itself and has its own character like other arts, and it was influenced by the pioneers of modern art such as Picasso and Braque. African arts have combined a set of intertwined ideological, material and symbolic values using various materials closely related to pagan rituals.And African arts bear all the qualities and ingredients of a good artistic work of expressive, organizational, linear, color and symbolic values, and among the characteristics of these arts are exaggeration, deletion, flatness, abstraction and the use of symbols in abundance - as each tribe has a special totem - and repetition had a clear impact as the African artist enjoys repeating unity, and repeats it again After the time, creating an aesthetic formation that enriches the surfaces, and one of the characteristics of these arts is direct expression without making an idea or prior planning, which gives it vitality to the artwork, and all these values were performed simply, but they reflected the units and decorative elements in the African environment, where the belief of placing some animals In the formation, such as the crocodile, for example, a clear effect, as well as the manifestations of the universe from the sun, moon and stars. These characteristics included most or all of the arts, making it a sweet source that can be used in forming or reshaping glass.African art lacks the art of glass in terms of painting, coloring and shaping it, but in the current era, some artists have implemented models of African art on raw glass, whether by painting on it, by melting it, or by carving on glass and other well-known glass techniques

Abstract Background Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease defined by non-caseous epithelioid cell granulomas that can affect virtually all organs. Lung, mediastinal and hilar lymph node involvement is prevalent, occurring in around 90% of the patients, and is responsible for the majority of the morbidity and mortality related to the disorder. Sarcoidosis is one of the differential diagnoses of the benign mediastinal lymphadenopathy. This research aimed to detect the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diffusion in evaluation of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in sarcoid patients. Results This cross study involved a total of 30 patients known to have sarcoidosis: 6 males and 24 females aged between 18 and 50 years (with a mean age 38.97 ± 8.67); all of them presented with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. For all patients, each lymph node group was evaluated for the average size and average ADC value. The mean ADC measured was (1.76 ± 0.28) × 10−3 mm2/s. Eight patients showed concurrent activity with poor response to the treatment, and they showed different ADC values with one of them showing low ADC with pattern of diffusion restriction displaying mean ADC value of 1.28 × 10−3 mm2/s. Conclusions Diffusion-weighted MRI is an established imaging technique that could be utilized to evaluate mediastinal lymphadenopathy in sarcoidosis as the benign counterpart of mediastinal lymphadenopathy.

This paper aims to improve the steering performance of the Ackermann personal mobility scooter based on a new meta-heuristic optimization algorithm named Differential Harris Hawks Optimization (DHHO) and the modeling of the steering encoder. The steering response in the Ackermann mechanism is crucial for automated driving systems (ADS), especially in localization and path-planning phases. Various methods presented in the literature are used to control the steering, and meta-heuristic optimization algorithms have achieved prominent results. Harris Hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm is a recent algorithm that outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms in various optimization applications. However, it has yet to be applied to the steering control application. The research in this paper was conducted in three stages. First, practical experiments were performed on the steering encoder sensor that measures the steering angle of the Landlex mobility scooter, and supervised learning was applied to model the results obtained for the steering control. Second, the DHHO algorithm is proposed by introducing mutation between hawks in the exploration phase instead of the Hawks perch technique, improving population diversity and reducing premature convergence. The simulation results on CEC2021 benchmark functions showed that the DHHO algorithm outperforms the HHO, PSO, BAS, and CMAES algorithms. The mean error of the DHHO is improved with a confidence level of 99.8047% and 91.6016% in the 10-dimension and 20-dimension problems, respectively, compared with the original HHO. Third, DHHO is implemented for interactive real-time PID tuning to control the steering of the Ackermann scooter. The practical transient response results showed that the settling time is improved by 89.31% compared to the original response with no overshoot and steady-state error, proving the superior performance of the DHHO algorithm compared to the traditional control methods.

The Amazigh culture has preserved an ancient decorative art, and this ancient decorative art is reflected in the weaving of carpets and ceramics, as it takes the form of geometric drawings that often use the “Tifinagh” alphabet, and the craftsmanship of gold, silver and other elements is another element that cannot be ignored This culture, and indeed one of the mediums with which it began to be known at the global level.The culture of the Berbers has two parts, one of which is their own, which is their first inherited asset; Some of its elements are semi-frozen and still preserve the forms on which it was first established in ancient times, such as architecture and decoration in carpets, ceramics, tattoos and building facades; Some of them may have evolved through the ages, but nonetheless retained their distinct Amazigh character, such as language, oral literature, dance, singing, social and political traditions. the cultures themselves.Therefore, the "Amazigh" made an important contribution to the construction of the pillars of the great civilizations and cultures that followed on the shores of the MediterraneanStarting from the middle of the first millennium BC. As for the reason for their self-culture being isolated, it is twofold, or in fact it is two reasons. The first is their Bedouin lifestyle, and the second is that no book was revealed in their language. It was never served by a religious motive, just as it served the Hebrew and Arabic religious motives, and to a lesser extent Greek and Latin. Amazighs have always been an open culture that is not closed in on itself, which, with its special character, contributed to the construction of the pillars of great civilizations and cultures, which in turn affected all kinds of plastic arts. Also, this art had a great impact in the field of applied arts, which can be used in the field of artistic glass design.

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a rare genetic disorder that presents as an isolated polycystic renal disease in childhood, or associated with congenital hepatic fibrosis and/or Caroli disease. The spectrum of complications of ARPKD include end stage kidney disease, systemic hypertension and liver disease. Anemia in ARPKD is commonly due to be reduced erythropoietin or iron deficiency. We present a 2-year old male patient with ARPKD who presented to the emergency room by striking pallor and dark urine. Initial lab work revealed Hemoglobin level 2g/dL. Blood transfusion was challenging due to difficult typing and frequent mismatch. Other labs showed elevated urea and creatinine, positive direct Coomb’s anticoagulant test and positive urine culture. Imaging was consistent with ARPKD. The patient was resuscitated and after stabilization, he received pulsed methylprednisolone at 30 mg/day for 5 days followed by prednisone 2mg/kg/day for 4 weeks that was tapered over 2 months with marked improvement. Herein we report autoimmune hemolytic anemia as another and rare cause for anemia associated with ARPKD.

Lack of attention is a chronic behavior in ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder). Our goal is to develop a reliable method for the detection of inattention with high accuracy and low time consumption to be used in real time neurofeedback. The new applied methods for inattention in children are EMD (Empirical Mode Decomposition) with difference time series (Dt) and MRA (Multi Resolution Analysis). EMD is a method of breaking down a signal into ‘modes’ (IMFs) representing its different frequency components. Furthermore, MRA strikes balance between temporal and frequency resolution through localizing the EEG signal in frequency domain of interest (beta range) by wavelet decomposition or EMD and then retains time domain information using FD. As the results demonstrate, in intermediate and severe level cases of inattention, EMD_Dt technique is the most accurate. In mild level cases of inattention MRA (wavelet + FD) technique performance is better than EMD_Dt. However, the time consumption of the MRA (wavelet + FD) technique is fifteen times larger than EMD_Dt technique. EMD_Dt is the best technique as it requires less processing time which is the most important factor in neurofeedback, furthermore, clinician concerned more with severe and intermediate level of inattention to be treated.

Background: One of the limitations of the right radial access approach is complex vessel anatomy, such as subclavian tortuosity. Several clinical predictors have been proposed for tortuosities, such as older age, female sex and hypertension. In this study, we hypothesised that chest radiography would add predictive value to the traditional predictors. Methods: This prospective blinded study included patients who underwent transradial access coronary angiography. They were classified into four groups according to difficulty: Group I, Group II, Group III and Group IV. Different groups were compared according to clinical and radiographic characteristics. Results: The study included 108 patients (54, 27, 17 and 10 patients in Groups I, II, III and IV, respectively). The rate of crossover to transfemoral access was 9.26%. Age, hypertension and female sex were associated with a greater difficulty and failure rates. Regarding radiographic parameters, a higher failure rate was associated with a higher diameter of the aortic knuckle (Group IV, 4.09 ± 1.32 cm versus Groups I, II and III combined, 3.26 ± 0.98 cm; p=0.015) and the width of the mediastinum (Group IV, 8.96 ± 2.88 cm versus Groups I, II and III combined, 7.28 ± 1.78 cm; p=0.009). The cut-off value for prominent aortic knuckle was 3.55 cm (sensitivity 70% and specificity 67.35%) and the width of mediastinum was 6.59 cm (sensitivity 90% and specificity 42.86%). Conclusion: Radiographic prominent aortic knuckle and wide mediastinum are valuable clinical parameters and useful predictors for transradial access failure caused by tortuosity of the right subclavian/brachiocephalic arteries or aorta.

Abstract Background Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is a heterodimeric tetramer consisting of two Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunits (RRM1) and two Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small subunits (RRM2). RRM2 is the building subunit of RNR that is important for synthesis of Deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) during S phase of cell cycle during DNA replication. RRM2 is associated with poor prognosis in lung and colorectal cancer. In breast cancer, increased RRM2 protein level is strongly correlated with large tumour size, positive lymph node and relapse. In this study, we aimed to study expression of RRM2 in breast cancer and to correlate it with different clinicopathological parameters in Egyptian women. Material and methods This study was performed by investigating RRM2 protein expression in breast cancer and correlating the results with other clinicopathological variables using immunohistochemistry and tissue microarrays. Results About 77% of cases were RRM2 positive. High Ki67 was observed in cases with high RRM2 score. The majority of non-luminal cases expressed RRM2, however this was statistically insignificant. In ER positive group, RRM2 expression was associated with shorter disease free survival with borderline significance. Conclusion RRM2 protein expression can help in evaluating outcome of breast cancer patients and could be a potential therapeutic target.

Abstract Background With the continuous improvement of the respiratory care of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients, cardiac manifestations (heart failure and arrhythmias) become the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Early identification of cardiac muscle affection is crucial to start anti-failure drugs that reverse remodeling and improve prognosis. This study aimed to detect subtle cardiac changes in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients and carriers using electrocardiography and echocardiography. Results This study included genetically diagnosed Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients (28 males) and carriers (25 females) and compared them to healthy gender-matched control groups. All study participants underwent clinical assessment, 12-lead electrocardiography, and global longitudinal strain augmented echocardiography. In the current study, Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients had higher heart rates, smaller left ventricular internal diameters, left atrial diameter, lower ejection fraction, and worse left ventricular global longitudinal strain in comparison with the control group. The global longitudinal strain inversely correlated with the age of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients. The number of exon mutations did not affect electrocardiography and echocardiographic findings. Exon mutations 45–47 and 51–54 were significantly associated with an ejection fraction less than 60%. Duchenne muscular dystrophy carriers had smaller left ventricular wall diameters, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left atrial diameter, and worse left ventricular global longitudinal strain in comparison with the control group. Conclusions Left ventricular global longitudinal strain could detect subtle left ventricular systolic dysfunction in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients and carriers before the decline of left ventricular ejection fraction.

Abstract Background Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a common congenital cyanotic heart disease in which arrhythmias could develop even after successful operative repair. Pulmonary regurgitation and right ventricular dilatation develop in many cases. The relation between arrhythmias and right ventricular dilatation is not established. Our aim is to assess the relation in between the degree of right ventricular volume affection and the severity of the pulmonary regurgitation, associated arrhythmias and the need for pulmonary valve repair in Egyptian pediatric and adolescent cases after successful TOF repair. Results A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on 32 cases after successful surgical repair. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, 24 h Holter monitoring and cardiac MRI for assessment of pulmonary regurgitation fraction (PRF), ventricular volumes and function were measured. Cases were classified according to right ventricular end diastolic volume index (RVEDVI) into 2 groups with cut off value 150 ml/m2. Mean age of the studied cases was (12.96 ± 3.384) years, mean age at time of surgical repair was (34.23 ± 22.1) months, and mean duration postoperatively was (121.72 ± 41.028) months. Eighteen cases (56%) had RVEDVI ≥ 150 ml/m2, PRF was significantly higher in cases with increased RVEDVI (p value 0.007), with positive significant correlation between RVEDVI and PRF (p value = 0.0001, r = 0.61). Arrhythmias were detected in 18 cases (56%), the most common of which was infrequent supraventricular ectopy. No significant difference in incidence of arrhythmias between the 2 groups (p value = 1) with also no significant correlation between arrhythmias and increased RVEDVI (p value = 0.76, r = 0.05). No difference between cases with and without arrhythmias regarding RVEDVI (p value = 0.56) or PRF (p value = 0.5). Conclusion Holter detected arrhythmias after successful surgical repair of TOF were significantly associated with increased postoperative duration but not with PRF or RVEDVI.

Abstract Background Supraspinatus tendon is a part of the rotator cuff of the shoulder, partial or full-thickness tear can affect the tendon secondary to trauma or repeated microtrauma. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in comparison to physical therapy for treatment of chronic partial supraspinatus tears. Results At the beginning of the study, there were no significant differences between both groups in all parameters: (a) PRP injection had significantly improved the visual analog scale (VAS), disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand scale (DASH) and shoulder range of motion (ROM) but not size of tear at 6 and 12 weeks post-injection in comparison to baseline recordings; (b) physical therapy had significantly improved VAS, DASH but not shoulder ROM nor size of tear at 6 and 12 weeks post-injection in comparison to baseline recordings; and (c) PRP injection was superior to physical therapy in the improvement of VAS, shoulder ROM, and DASH score. Conclusion The US-guided PRP injection is superior to physical therapy in improving pain, ROM, and function in treatment of partial thickness tear of supraspinatus tendon.

This paper aims to improve the steering performance of the Ackermann personal mobility scooter based on a new meta-heuristic optimization algorithm named Differential Harris Hawks Optimization (DHHO) and the modeling of the steering encoder. The steering response in the Ackermann mechanism is crucial for automated driving systems (ADS), especially in localization and path-planning phases. Various methods presented in the literature are used to control the steering, and meta-heuristic optimization algorithms have achieved prominent results. Harris Hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm is a recent algorithm that outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms in various optimization applications. However, it has yet to be applied to the steering control application. The research in this paper was conducted in three stages. First, practical experiments were performed on the steering encoder sensor that measures the steering angle of the Landlex mobility scooter, and supervised learning was applied to model the results obtained for the steering control. Second, the DHHO algorithm is proposed by introducing mutation between hawks in the exploration phase instead of the Hawks perch technique, improving population diversity and reducing premature convergence. The simulation results on CEC2021 benchmark functions showed that the DHHO algorithm outperforms the HHO, PSO, BAS, and CMAES algorithms. The mean error of the DHHO is improved with a confidence level of 99.8047% and 91.6016% in the 10-dimension and 20-dimension problems, respectively, compared with the original HHO. Third, DHHO is implemented for interactive real-time PID tuning to control the steering of the Ackermann scooter. The practical transient response results showed that the settling time is improved by 89.31% compared to the original response with no overshoot and steady-state error, proving the superior performance of the DHHO algorithm compared to the traditional control methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose. Low back pain (LBP) is a common health problem that hinders patients' daily activities. During hip physical examination on LBP patients, gluteus medius (GMed) weakness and tenderness were found. Therefore, in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP), this study examined the effect of adding specific GMed strengthening to the APTA-guided program on pain, back disability, GMed macromorphology, strength, and functional performance. Methods. This study is a randomized controlled trial involving 58 patients with NSCLBP aged between 20 and 45 years. The pain was measured by a numerical pain rating scale, functional disability was estimated by the Oswestry disability index, and Ultrasonography evaluated GMed thickness. A hand-held dynamometer measured GMed strength, and its functional performance was assessed by a single-leg squat test (SLST). Patients were randomly assigned to group A received the APTA program and group B received the same program plus selected GMed strengthening. Results. For groups A and B, the percentage of change in pain was 40%, and 66.67% and that of disability level was 45.24%, and 61.5%, in favor of group B. The between-group comparison revealed significant differences for pain (p = 0.001) but not for functional disability (p = 0.12). There was a significant difference in GMed thickness for average relaxed (p = 0.009), and average contracted (p = 0.043) in both groups post-treatment but not for activation (p = 0.063). GMed strength changed by 13.1% and 21.8% in groups A and B respectively but no significant differences were observed between groups (p = 0.44). The percentage of change in the SLST was 20.6% and 58.8% for Groups A and B respectively, with a significant between-group comparison (p = 0.04). Conclusions. GMed strengthening exercises improved GMed macromorphology, reduced disability, and pain, and enhanced functional performance. It may therefore be advised that patients with NSCLBP incorporate strengthening of the GMed muscle in their treatment program. Study registration. This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05521165). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic value of programmed death-ligand1 expression in colon carcinoma cells and its correlation with different pathological features. Methods: An immunohistochemical study was conducted on 50 cases diagnosed as colon carcinoma over a one year period from October 2018 to October 2019.The paraffin blocks were received from the Pathology Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University and Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST). The diagnosis of colon carcinoma for all cases was revised using H&E stain. The immunohistochemical expression of programmed death- ligand1 was assessed using immune reactive score method. The personal data, clinical details and pathological diagnosis were recorded and correlated with programmed death-ligand1 expression. Results: This study included 50 cases of colon carcinoma. There was a male predominance with female to male ratio 1:1.08.The age of patients was ranged from 30 years to 76 years with mean age 53.3± 11.2 years. The majority of cases (44%) were invasive adenocarcinoma followed by invasive adenocarcinoma with mucoid activity (18%), invasive adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (16%), invasive signet ring carcinoma (14%) and invasive mucinous carcinoma (8%). Immune reactive score for programmed death-ligand1 had a Mean ± Standard Deviation of 8.4 ± 4.2. Strong immune reactive score was represented by 58% of cases, moderate immune reactive score was represented by 24% of cases and only one case (2%) had mild immune reactive score. The remaining 16% of cases were negative. Correlation between immune reactive score of programmed death-ligand1and tumor type, size and lymph-vascular invasion was statistically significant. Cases with marked immune reactive score for programmed death-ligand1 showed highest predilection for invasive adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation, large sized tumors and lymph-vascular invasion. Conclusion: The expression of programmed death-ligand1 using immune reactive score method can estimate the growth of colon carcinoma, invasive adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation and lymph-vascular spread. Further large scale studies utilizing programmed death-ligand 1can aid in identifying the prognosis and therapeutic possibilities for patients with colon cancer.

The study of the anatomical nature of women's body wear, in terms of mobility and physical endurance, is the most important criteria for the achievement of ergonomics in the design of glass jewellery, as this contributes to the achievement of the best functional performance.This research is related to the study of compatibility and suitability between the anatomical nature of the woman's body in terms of movement and physical ability, and the glass jewelelry design, the development of considerations to overcome the restrictions of movement in the place of wear, and the Overweight of the glass jewellery , in order to avoid the damage , And to achieve comfort and safety during use.The problem of research is the lack of information needed to study the effectiveness of suitability and compatibility between the anatomical nature of women's wear and glass jewellery in terms of movement and physical ability.Therefore, the aim of the research was to identify the most important considerations of compatibility and suitability between the anatomical nature of the positions of wearing with the woman's body and the glass jewellery design, in terms of movement and physical ability.Thus, the hypothesis of research is that the identification of the most appropriate compatibility and suitability between the anatomical nature of women's wear and glass jewellery, in terms of movement and physical ability, contributes to their best functional performance.The research presented several main axes, tried to achieve the goal of research, including a descriptive historical study of the compatibility and suitability between the anatomical nature of women's body and glass jewelery in terms of: movement and physical ability to endure.The second axis is a descriptive study of the movement and physical ability as an anatomical nature of the wearing positions of the woman's body. The third axis also identified the most important considerations for compatibility and suitability between movement and physical ability as an anatomical nature of wearing positions and glass ornaments, to achieve comfort and safety when used. the most important results of the research is the study of the design of glass jewellery according to the anatomical movement of positions to wear with the woman's body, as well as the situation to overcome the restrictions on the movement of wearing, and increase the weight of glass ornaments, through the role of design and technology, to achieve the standards of ergonomics and safety When used.

In autonomous driving, object detection is considered a base step to many subsequent processes. However, object detection is challenged by loss in visibility caused by rain. Rainfall occurs in two main forms, which are streaks and streaks accumulations. Each degradation type imposes different effect on the captured videos; therefore, they cannot be mitigated in the same way. We propose a lightweight network which mitigates both types of rain degradation in real-time, without negatively affecting the object-detection task. The proposed network consists of two different modules which are used progressively. The first one is a progressive ResNet for rain streaks removal, while the second one is a transmission-guided lightweight network for rain streak accumulation removal. The network has been tested on synthetic and real rainy datasets and has been compared with state-of-the-art (SOTA) networks. Additionally, time performance evaluation has been performed to ensure real-time performance. Finally, the effect of the developed deraining network has been tested on YOLO object-detection network. The proposed network exceeded SOTA by 1.12 dB in PSNR on the average result of multiple synthetic datasets with 2.29× speedup. Finally, it can be observed that the inclusion of different lightweight stages works favorably for real-time applications and could be updated to mitigate different degradation factors such as snow and sun blare.