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1. Early impact of domestication on aggressiveness, activity, and stress behaviors in zebrafish (Danio rerio) using mirror test and automated videotracking

Author

E. Diakos, C. Chevalier, Md. Shahjahan, A. Hardy, S. Lambert, P. Kestemont, P. Fontaine, A. Pasquet, and T. Lecocq

Subjects
Activity, Aggressiveness, Domestication, Stress, Zebrafish, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Fish domestication progresses through five levels: from the initial acclimatization to captivity (Level 1), to the life cycle completion in captivity (Level 4), and even to the implementation of selective breeding programs (Level 5). Domestication leads to phenotypic changes over generations, sometimes from the very first generation. Behavioral traits are among the first to change. However, in fish, potential behavioral changes during early domestication have been little studied. Therefore, we studied potential behavioral changes among early and advanced levels of domestication in a model species, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), using a mirror test experiment, commonly used to assess traits involved in activity, aggressiveness, and stress in this species. We compared these traits between wild zebrafish in captivity (F0; Level 1), the first generation of their captive-born offspring (F1; Level 4), and three laboratory strains (AB, TU, and WIK; Level 5). Each fish was individually filmed and tracked using an automated procedure for 5 min. Nine behavioral traits and one activity-related trait were characterized for each individual based on the movements and positioning of the fish. We applied a principal component analysis (PCA) and tested the significance of potential differences between groups using an analysis of similarities (ANOSIM). We applied an indicator value analysis (IndVal) to determine which traits were most expressed by each group. We detected differences between groups and across domestication levels. More specifically, we highlighted differentiations between different levels of domestication (e.g. between F1, AB, TU, and WIK) as early as the beginning of the domestication process (i.e. F0 vs. F1), but also within the same level of domestication (i.e. AB vs. TU). Based on PCA and IndVal, (i) F0 and F1 tended to show stronger expression of stress-related traits than the other groups, (ii) F0 was more active than others, and (iii) TU was more aggressive than AB. Our results confirmed that domestication can change fish behavior, even in the first generation born in captivity, although these modifications remain limited. In contrast, we did not observe any general trends correlated with domestication levels, given that AB and TU diverged in their aggressiveness levels, and WIK differed only from F1. This result needs to be generalized to other species but also considered for domestication for aquaculture. If future studies confirm that the changes observed at the beginning of the domestication process remain limited and that there is no consistent evolutionary trend across generations in fish, this would highlight the crucial importance of selecting the right species from the outset of domestication. It would also emphasize the need to design selective breeding programs that shape fish stocks with the most desirable characteristics. To our knowledge, this study is one of the few to examine the behavior of wild zebrafish alongside laboratory strains, offering a unique insight into the early stages of domestication.

Published
2024
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2. Insights from a topo-bathymetric and oceanographic dataset for coastal flooding studies: the French Flooding Prevention Action Program of Saint-Malo

Author

L. Seyfried, L. Biscara, H. Michaud, F. Leckler, A. Pasquet, M. Pezerat, and C. Gicquel

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

The French Flooding Prevention Action Program of Saint-Malo, France, requires the assessment of coastal flooding risks and the development of a local flood warning system. The first prerequisite is knowledge of the topography and bathymetry of the bay of Saint-Malo; the acquisition of new multibeam bathymetric data was performed in 2018 and 2019 to increase the resolution of the existing topo-bathymetric datasets and to produce two high-resolution (20 and 5 m) topo-bathymetric digital terrain models. Second, the hydrodynamics associated with coastal flooding were investigated through a dense and extensive oceanographic field experiment conducted during winter 2018–2019 using a network of 22 moorings with 37 sensors: the network included 2 directional buoys, 2 pressure tide gauges, 18 wave pressure gauges, 4 single-point current meters, 7 current profilers, and 4 acoustic wave current profilers from mid-depth (25 m) up to the upper beach and the dike system. The oceanographic dataset thus provides an extended overview of the hydrodynamics and wave processes in the bay of Saint-Malo from the coast up to over-flooding and over-topping areas. This dataset helps to identify the physical drivers of the coastal flooding and provides a quantification of their respective contributions. In particular, the wave processes at the foot of the protection structures can be observed: in this macro-tidal environment, during high spring tides, short and infragravity waves propagate up to the protection structures, while the wave set-up remains negligible, and over-topping by sea packs can occur. The combination of high-resolution topo-bathymetric and oceanographic datasets allows the construction, calibration and validation of a wave and hydrodynamic coupled model that is used to investigate flooding processes more deeply and might be integrated into a future local warning system by means of Saint-Malo inter-communality. The topo-bathymetric and oceanographic datasets are available freely at https://doi.org/10.17183/MNT_COTIER_GNB_PAPI_SM_20m_WGS84, https://doi.org/10.17183/MNT_COTIER_PORT_SM_PAPI_SM_5m_WGS84 and https://doi.org/10.17183/CAMPAGNE_OCEANO_STMALO (Shom, 2020a, b, 2021).

Published
2024
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3. The prediction of floods in Venice: methods, models and uncertainty (review article)

Author

G. Umgiesser, M. Bajo, C. Ferrarin, A. Cucco, P. Lionello, D. Zanchettin, A. Papa, A. Tosoni, M. Ferla, E. Coraci, S. Morucci, F. Crosato, A. Bonometto, A. Valentini, M. Orlić, I. D. Haigh, J. W. Nielsen, X. Bertin, A. B. Fortunato, B. Pérez Gómez, E. Alvarez Fanjul, D. Paradis, D. Jourdan, A. Pasquet, B. Mourre, J. Tintoré, and R. J. Nicholls

Subjects
Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

This paper reviews the state of the art in storm surge forecasting and its particular application in the northern Adriatic Sea. The city of Venice already depends on operational storm surge forecasting systems to warn the population and economy of imminent flood threats, as well as help to protect the extensive cultural heritage. This will be more important in the future, with the new mobile barriers called MOSE (MOdulo Sperimentale Elettromeccanico, Experimental Electromechanical Module) that will be completed by 2021. The barriers will depend on accurate storm surge forecasting to control their operation. In this paper, the physics behind the flooding of Venice is discussed, and the state of the art of storm surge forecasting in Europe is reviewed. The challenges for the surge forecasting systems are analyzed, especially in view of uncertainty. This includes consideration of selected historic extreme events that were particularly difficult to forecast. Four potential improvements are identified: (1) improve meteorological forecasts, (2) develop ensemble forecasting, (3) assimilation of water level measurements and (4) develop a multimodel approach.

Published
2021
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4. The effects of polyculture on behaviour and production of pikeperch in recirculation systems

Author

M. Thomas, T. Lecocq, C. Abregal, S. Nahon, J. Aubin, C. Jaeger, A. Wilfart, L. Schaeffer, Y. Ledoré, L. Puillet, and A. Pasquet

Subjects
Polyculture, RAS, Biomass gain, Interindividual relationships, Group structure, Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, SH1-691
Abstract

Recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs) are seen as a promising technology to address the societal and environmental challenges of aquaculture. However, this technology is mainly used in intensive monoculture and little knowledge is available in polyculture approaches. In this study, we studied survival, growth performance, and behaviour of juvenile pikeperch Sander lucioperca reared in RAS either in monoculture or in polyculture (associated with sterlet Acipenser ruthenus or tench Tinca tinca or both sterlet and tench). After 30 days, the survival rate was 100 % for both monoculture and polyculture reared pikeperch. The mean final weights and the biomass gain of pikeperch were significantly lower for pikeperch alone (respectively 75.7 ± 2.7 g and 25.2 %) or with sterlet (respectively 81.0 ± 3.2 g and 38.3 %) than in combination with tench (respectively 85.7 ± 8.1 g and 50.1 %) or with sterlet and tench (respectively 90.3 ± 16.4 g and 51.5 %). Behavioural changes were also detected depending on the fish combination: there are fewer interactions between individuals of pikeperch when reared alone (0.34 ± 0.10) or in polyculture with sterlet (0.40 ± 0.02) in comparison to the other polyculture conditions (with tench [0.80 ± 0.20], or the two other species [0.70 ± 0.15]). The group structure also differed with a lower cohesion and homogeneity of the pikeperch group when they were reared in monoculture compared to polyculture modalities. No aggressive interaction was detected between pikeperch regardless of rearing modalities. In conclusion, due to positive effects on growth parameters and few behavioural changes in pikeperch, this study highlights that RAS polyculture is a relevant alternative production strategy for pikeperch compared to monoculture.

Published
2020
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5. Improving pikeperch larviculture by combining environmental, feeding and populational factors

Author

T. Colchen, E. Gisbert, D. Krauss, Y. Ledoré, A. Pasquet, and P. Fontaine

Subjects
Sander lucioperca, Fish farming, Multifactorial design, Recirculating Aquaculture System, Early life stages, Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, SH1-691
Abstract

Pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) has a high potential for inland aquaculture diversification in Europe. Bottlenecks (i.e. low survival, cannibalism and deformity rates) hamper further expansion of pikeperch culture, because of the weak production performances at the nursery level. To improve the production of pikeperch juveniles under recirculation system we used a pilot scale larval rearing system (700 L tanks) and multifactorial designs. Three successive larval rearing trials (duration: 35-49 days) were conducted to identify the best combination of environmental, feeding and population factors. Considering the main significant effects observed on survival, growth, swim bladder inflation rates and biomass gain, a favourable combination of twelve factor (F) modalities was proposed (F1- initial density: 100 larvae.L-1, F2- no sorting of fish jumper, F3- no sibling population, F4- eggs from large females, F5- discontinuous feeding, F6- no co-feeding, F7- light intensity: 50 lx, F8- beginning of the weaning at 16 dph (days post-hatching), F9- weaning duration: 9 days, F10- water renewal rate of 100 % per hour, F11- tank cleaning during morning and F12- tank bottom-up water current). A final validation step was realized over a last trial (seven replicates, duration: 49 days), and validated with the best productive results obtained over the global experimental period (2015-2018). These results were: a final body weight of 815.64 ± 95.34 mg, a survival rate of 16.9 ± 1.7 %, a specific growth rate of 15.1 ± 5.9 %.d-1, a final fish biomass of 9.55 ± 0.23 kg, a swim bladder inflation rate of 92.6 ± 3.2 % and a food conversion rate of 0.65 ± 0.02 (dry food). The final stocking density was 13.6 kg.m-3 of rearing volume. Authors were able to validate and provide a reliable basic protocol for pikeperch larval rearing using recirculating units.

Published
2020
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6. Lifetime of vertical giant soap films: role of the relative humidity and film dimensions

Author

Pasquet, Marina, Boulogne, François, Restagno, Frédéric, and Rio, Emmanuelle

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

We consider the lifetime of rectangular vertical soap films and we explore the influence of relative humidity and both dimensions on the stability of large soap films, reaching heights of up to 1.2 m. Using an automated rupture detection system, we achieve a robust statistical measurement of their lifetimes and we also measure the film thinning dynamics. We demonstrate that drainage has a negligible impact on the film stability as opposed to evaporation. To do so, we compare the measured lifetimes with predictions from the Boulogne \& Dollet model \cite{BoulogneDollet2018}, originally designed to describe the convective evaporation of hydrogels. Interestingly, we show that this model can predict a maximum film lifetime for all sizes.

Published
2024
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7. Multimodality for improved CNN photometric redshifts

Author

Ait-Ouahmed, R., Arnouts, S., Pasquet, J., Treyer, M., and Bertin, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Photometric redshift estimation plays a crucial role in modern cosmological surveys for studying the universe's large-scale structures and the evolution of galaxies. Deep learning has emerged as a powerful method to produce accurate photometric redshift estimates from multi-band images of galaxies. Here, we introduce a multimodal approach consisting of the parallel processing of several subsets of image bands prior, the outputs of which are then merged for further processing through a convolutional neural network (CNN). We evaluate the performance of our method using three surveys: the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), The Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHTLS) and Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC). By improving the model's ability to capture information embedded in the correlation between different bands, our technique surpasses the state-of-the-art photometric redshift precision. We find that the positive gain does not depend on the specific architecture of the CNN and that it increases with the number of photometric filters available., Comment: Accepted in A&A

Published
2023

8. CNN photometric redshifts in the SDSS at $r\leq 20$

Author

Treyer, M., Ait-Ouahmed, R., Pasquet, J., Arnouts, S., Bertin, E., and Fouchez, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We release photometric redshifts, reaching $\sim$0.7, for $\sim$14M galaxies at $r\leq 20$ in the 11,500 deg$^2$ of the SDSS north and south galactic caps. These estimates were inferred from a convolution neural network (CNN) trained on $ugriz$ stamp images of galaxies labelled with a spectroscopic redshift from the SDSS, GAMA and BOSS surveys. Representative training sets of $\sim$370k galaxies were constructed from the much larger combined spectroscopic data to limit biases, particularly those arising from the over-representation of Luminous Red Galaxies. The CNN outputs a redshift classification that offers all the benefits of a well-behaved PDF, with a width efficiently signaling unreliable estimates due to poor photometry or stellar sources. The dispersion, mean bias and rate of catastrophic failures of the median point estimate are of order $\sigma_{\rm MAD}=0.014$, <$\Delta z_{\rm norm}$>$=0.0015$, $\eta(|\Delta z_{\rm norm}|>0.05)=4\%$ on a representative test sample at $r<19.8$, out-performing currently published estimates. The distributions in narrow intervals of magnitudes of the redshifts inferred for the photometric sample are in good agreement with the results of tomographic analyses. The inferred redshifts also match the photometric redshifts of the redMaPPer galaxy clusters for the probable cluster members. The CNN input and output are available at: https://deepdip.iap.fr/treyer+2023., Comment: Submitted to MNRAS

Published
2023

11. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in humans with alternative NF-κB pathway deficiency.

Author

Yu, David, Miller, Corey, Feng, Yi, Guichard, Audrey, Béziat, Vivien, Bustamante, Jacinta, Pan-Hammarström, Qiang, Zhang, Yu, Rosen, Lindsey, Holland, Steve, Bosticardo, Marita, Kenney, Heather, Castagnoli, Riccardo, Slade, Charlotte, Boztuğ, Kaan, Mahlaoui, Nizar, Latour, Sylvain, Abraham, Roshini, Lougaris, Vassilios, Hauck, Fabian, Sediva, Anna, Atschekzei, Faranaz, Sogkas, Georgios, Poli, M, Slatter, Mary, Palterer, Boaz, Keller, Michael, Pinzon-Charry, Alberto, Sullivan, Anna, Droney, Luke, Suan, Daniel, Wong, Melanie, Kane, Alisa, Hu, Hannah, Ma, Cindy, Grombiříková, Hana, Ciznar, Peter, Dalal, Ilan, Aladjidi, Nathalie, Hie, Miguel, Lazaro, Estibaliz, Franco, Jose, Keles, Sevgi, Malphettes, Marion, Pasquet, Marlene, Maccari, Maria, Meinhardt, Andrea, Ikinciogullari, Aydan, Shahrooei, Mohammad, Celmeli, Fatih, Frosk, Patrick, Goodnow, Christopher, Gray, Paul, Belot, Alexandre, Kuehn, Hye, Rosenzweig, Sergio, Miyara, Makoto, Licciardi, Francesco, Servettaz, Amélie, Barlogis, Vincent, Le Guenno, Guillaume, Herrmann, Vera-Maria, Kuijpers, Taco, Ducoux, Grégoire, Sarrot-Reynauld, Françoise, Schuetz, Catharina, Cunningham-Rundles, Charlotte, Rieux-Laucat, Frédéric, Tangye, Stuart, Sobacchi, Cristina, Doffinger, Rainer, Warnatz, Klaus, Grimbacher, Bodo, Fieschi, Claire, Berteloot, Laureline, Bryant, Vanessa, Trouillet Assant, Sophie, Su, Helen, Neven, Benedicte, Abel, Laurent, Zhang, Qian, Boisson, Bertrand, Cobat, Aurélie, Jouanguy, Emmanuelle, Kampe, Olle, Bastard, Paul, Roifman, Chaim, Landegren, Nils, Notarangelo, Luigi, Le Voyer, Tom, Parent, Audrey, Liu, Xian, Cederholm, Axel, Gervais, Adrian, Rosain, Jérémie, Nguyen, Tina, Perez Lorenzo, Malena, Rackaityte, Elze, Rinchai, Darawan, and Zhang, Peng

Subjects
Humans, Autoantibodies, COVID-19, Gain of Function Mutation, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Heterozygote, I-kappa B Proteins, Interferon Type I, Loss of Function Mutation, NF-kappa B, NF-kappa B p52 Subunit, Pneumonia, Viral, Thymus Gland, Thyroid Epithelial Cells
Abstract

Patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1 (APS-1) caused by autosomal recessive AIRE deficiency produce autoantibodies that neutralize type I interferons (IFNs)1,2, conferring a predisposition to life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia3. Here we report that patients with autosomal recessive NIK or RELB deficiency, or a specific type of autosomal-dominant NF-κB2 deficiency, also have neutralizing autoantibodies against type I IFNs and are at higher risk of getting life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. In patients with autosomal-dominant NF-κB2 deficiency, these autoantibodies are found only in individuals who are heterozygous for variants associated with both transcription (p52 activity) loss of function (LOF) due to impaired p100 processing to generate p52, and regulatory (IκBδ activity) gain of function (GOF) due to the accumulation of unprocessed p100, therefore increasing the inhibitory activity of IκBδ (hereafter, p52LOF/IκBδGOF). By contrast, neutralizing autoantibodies against type I IFNs are not found in individuals who are heterozygous for NFKB2 variants causing haploinsufficiency of p100 and p52 (hereafter, p52LOF/IκBδLOF) or gain-of-function of p52 (hereafter, p52GOF/IκBδLOF). In contrast to patients with APS-1, patients with disorders of NIK, RELB or NF-κB2 have very few tissue-specific autoantibodies. However, their thymuses have an abnormal structure, with few AIRE-expressing medullary thymic epithelial cells. Human inborn errors of the alternative NF-κB pathway impair the development of AIRE-expressing medullary thymic epithelial cells, thereby underlying the production of autoantibodies against type I IFNs and predisposition to viral diseases.

Published
2023

13. Morphogenetic Design of Self-Organized Correlated Disordered Electromagnetic Media

Author

Chehami, Fadhila, Decroze, Cyril, Pasquet, Thomas, Perrin, Emmanuel, and Fromenteze, Thomas

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

The last decades witnessed the emergence of the field of correlated disordered media, a great challenge offering a large panel of new perspectives for applications in theoretical modelling and material fabrication. The efficient design of structures with a controlled level of spatial correlation is a central challenge in this field, in a context where existing techniques generally rely on gradient descent on non-convex functions and on the use of stochastic methods to explore vast design spaces more efficiently. In this work, we propose a new generative technique based on Alan Turing's morphogenesis theory for designing correlated disordered materials. Inspired by the structuring of living organisms, this technique relies on the definition of simple local interactions guiding the self-organization of a generated medium. The decentralization of design constraints and the elimination of cost function minimization make this approach natively scalable to the design of large domains with controlled levels of disorder. As a validation, the morphogenetic generation of stealthy hyperuniform disordered structures is exploited to reproduce an experiment of isotropic electromagnetic bandgap synthesis in the microwave range using a low refractive index contrast.

Published
2023

14. Hierarchical bubble size distributions in coarsening wet liquid foams

Author

Galvani, Nicolo, Pasquet, Marina, Mukherjee, Arnab, Requier, Alice, Cohen-Addad, Sylvie, Pitois, Olivier, Höhler, Reinhard, Rio, Emmanuelle, Salonen, Anniina, Durian, Douglas J., and Langevin, Dominique

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Coarsening of two-phase systems is crucial for the stability of dense particle packings such as alloys, foams, emulsions or supersaturated solutions. Mean field theories predict an asymptotic scaling state with a broad particle size distribution. Aqueous foams are good model systems for investigations of coarsening-induced structures, because the continuous liquid as well as the dispersed gas phases are uniform and isotropic. We present coarsening experiments on wet foams, with liquid fractions up to their unjamming point and beyond, that are performed under microgravity to avoid gravitational drainage. As time elapses, a self-similar regime is reached where the normalized bubble size distribution is invariant. Unexpectedly, the distribution features an excess of small \textit{roaming} bubbles, mobile within the network of \textit{jammed} larger bubbles. These roaming bubbles are reminiscent of rattlers in granular materials (grains not subjected to contact forces). We identify a critical liquid fraction $\phi^*$, above which the bubble assembly unjams and the two bubble populations merge into a single narrow distribution of bubbly liquids. Unexpectedly, $\phi^*$ is larger than the random close packing fraction of the foam $\phi_{rcp}$. This is because, between $\phi_{rcp}$ and $\phi^*$, the large bubbles remain connected due to a weak adhesion between bubbles. We present models that identify the physical mechanisms explaining our observations. We propose a new comprehensive view of the coarsening phenomenon in wet foams. Our results should be applicable to other phase-separating systems and they may also help to control the elaboration of solid foams with hierarchical structures.

Published
2023

15. Coarsening transitions of wet liquid foams under microgravity conditions

Author

Pasquet, Marina, Galvani, Nicolo, Requier, Alice, Cohen-Addad, Sylvie, Höhler, Reinhard, Pitois, Olivier, Rio, Emmanuelle, Salonen, Anniina, and Langevin, Dominique

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

We report foam coarsening studies which were performed in the International Space Station (ISS) to suppress drainage due to gravity. Foams and bubbly liquids with controlled liquid fractions $\phi$ between 15 and 50\% were investigated to study the transition between bubble growth laws previously reported near the dry limit $\phi \rightarrow 0$ and the dilute limit $\phi \rightarrow 1$ (Ostwald ripening). We determined the coarsening rates; for the driest foams and the bubbly liquids, they are in close agreement with theoretical predictions. We observe a sharp cross-over between the respective laws at a critical value $\phi^*$. At liquid fractions beyond this transition, neighboring bubbles are no longer all in contact, like at a jamming transition. Remarkably $\phi^*$ is significantly larger than the random close packing volume fraction of the bubbles $\phi_{\text{rcp}}$ which was determined independently. We attribute the differences between $\phi^*$ and $\phi_{\text{rcp}}$ to a weakly adhesive bubble interaction that we have studied in complementary ground-based experiments.

Published
2023

16. Fluopyram SDHI pesticide alters fish physiology and behaviour despite low in vitro effects on mitochondria

Author

Lucie Bouly, Lisa Jacquin, Florian Chapeau, Jean-Marc Bonmatin, Myriam Cousseau, Aurianne Hagimont, Pascal Laffaille, Bénédicte Lalot, Anthony Lemarié, Camille Pasquet, Laurence Huc, and Séverine Jean

Subjects
Fungicide, Freshwater fish, Complex II activities, Mitochondria, Locomotion, PFAS, Environmental pollution, TD172-193.5, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Pollution from pesticides is an increasing concern for human health and biodiversity conservation. However, there is lack of knowledge about some emerging molecules such as SDHI fungicides (succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors) that are widely used but potentially highly toxic for vertebrates. Boscalid, fluopyram, and bixafen are 3 frequent SDHI molecules commonly detected in surface waters, which may pose risks to aquatic species. This study aimed to (1) test the in vitro effects of SDHI on mitochondrial activities (inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase SDH, also named respiratory chain complex II) and (2) assess the in vivo effects of sublethal SDHI concentrations on fish physiology and behaviour over 96 hours of exposure, using Carassius auratus fish as a model species. Results show that bixafen and boscalid inhibited complex II activities in vitro as expected (bixafen > boscalid), while fluopyram had no in vitro effects. In contrast, in vivo studies showed that fluopyram strongly altered fish behaviour (enhanced activity, social and feeding behaviours), likely explained by reduced AChE enzymatic activity. In addition, fluopyram increased muscle lipid content, suggesting metabolic disruption. These findings raise serious concern about the toxic effects of SDHI pesticides, especially fluopyram, although its underpinning molecular mechanisms remain to be explored. We thus encourage further research on the long-term impacts of SDHI pesticides to improve existing regulation and prevent adverse effects on wildlife.

Published
2024
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17. Results of the prospective EORTC Children Leukemia Group study 58081 in precursor B‐ and T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Author

Carine Domenech, Michal Kicinski, Barbara De Moerloose, Caroline Piette, Wadih A. Chahla, Laure Kornreich, Marlène Pasquet, Anne Uyttebroeck, Alexandre Theron, Marilyne Poirée, Chloé Arfeuille, Marleen Bakkus, Nathalie Grardel, Catherine Paillard, Claire Freycon, Frédéric Millot, Pauline Simon, Pierre Philippet, Claire Pluchart, Stefan Suciu, Pierre Rohrlich, Alina Ferster, Yves Bertrand, Hélène Cavé, and for the Children's Leukemia Group (CLG) of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)

Subjects
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Abstract

Abstract Here, we report the results of the prospective cohort study EORTC‐CLG 58081 and compare them to the control arm of the randomized phase 3 trial EORTC‐CLG 58951, on which treatment recommendations were built. In both studies, patients aged 1–18 years with BCR::ABL1 negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia of the B‐lineage (B‐ALL) or T‐lineage (T‐ALL) were treated using a BFM backbone without cranial irradiation. Similarly to the control arm of 58951, prednisolone (PRED) 60 mg/m2/day was used for induction therapy, but a few modifications were made. Dexamethasone (DXM) was used in average‐risk 2 (AR2) T‐ALL and B‐ALL during induction, 10 and 6 mg/m2/day, respectively. Leucovorin rescue was delayed to 42 h instead of 36 h after initiation of high‐dose methotrexate, and a postconsolidation MRD time point was added to stratify patients. Between 2011 and 2017, 835 patients were prospectively enrolled in the 58081 study. Overall, the 5‐year event‐free survival (EFS) was 84.8% versus 83.6% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.96 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76–1.21]) for 58081 versus 58951 considered as a control group, respectively, 84.3% versus 84.9% (HR, 1.06 [99% CI: 0.75–1.49]) in B‐ALL but 87.3% versus 76.6% (HR, 0.59 [99% CI: 0.28–1.24]) in T‐ALL. The comparison between the two studies regarding EFS differed by risk group (p = 0.012). The HR was 2.15 (99% CI: 0.67–6.85) for very low‐risk but 0.34 (99% CI: 0.13–0.89) for AR2. The particularly favorable results observed in the T‐ALLs and AR2 subgroups suggest the benefit of using DXM in specific patient groups and highlight the importance of risk stratification.

Published
2024
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18. Biocultural determinants of overweight-obesity among adult women experiencing the nutritional transition in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Author

Wakenge Wakilongo, Souheila Abbeddou, Lucie Vanhoutte, Norbert Amougou, Muko Mubagwa, Clémence Elmira, Patrick Pasquet, and Emmanuel Cohen

Subjects
overweight-obesity, determinants, nutritional transition, women, Democratic Republic of Congo, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

IntroductionThe African Great Lakes region is experiencing rapid urbanization, which is leading to a nutritional transition and its related chronic diseases. Similar to other Great Lakes countries, the nutritional transition in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is reflected by increased non-communicable diseases, including morbid obesity. The 2014 Demographic Health Survey (DHS) revealed a rising incidence of overweight among women, ranging from 10% in 2001 to 16% in 2014. Furthermore, over 20% of individuals in several provinces of the DRC are classified as overweight-obese. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence as well as the main biocultural determinants of overweight-obesity among adult women in the DRC.MethodsIn a cross-sectional survey, including a representative sample of adult Congolese women living in the South Kivu province, participants were randomly recruited using a two-stage cluster sampling technique after an initial urban–rural stratification. The estimation of the was based on previous results from DHS. Thus, a total of 495 individuals were selected, including 325 urban and 170 rural subjects. Data were collected from households by dietitians who were specifically trained for this survey.ResultsIn this study population, the prevalence of overweight-obesity was 33.6%, with 7.1% classified as obese. The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher among urban people, while all subjects with obesity were from the older age group (>35 years). Using binomial logistic regressions, it was observed that overweight-obesity had a significant positive correlation with the duration of urban residence, namely, Migrants' status: “New residents” 4.6 [1.9–11.7] p < 0.003, “Long term residents” 8.7 [3.5–21.5] p < 0.001; Socio-economic status (SES): “High” 2.4 [1.1–5.3] p < 0.03, and Stoutness valorization: “Yes” 6.1 [3.4–10.9] p < 0.001. In a pathway analysis conducted based on a structural equation model (SEM), we discovered that urban residence and SES were associated with an increase in overweight-obesity, with a positive correlation with processed food consumption and a negative correlation with physical activity. Age was associated with an increase in overweight-obesity through a negative association with physical activity, whereas stoutness valorization directly increased overweight-obesity.DiscussionIn order to properly guide public health policies, public authorities in the DRC should consider the main findings of this original study, which identify how socio-demographic and socio-ecological factors contribute jointly to the rising prevalence of overweight-obesity in the country.

Published
2024
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22. Long-term and real-world safety and efficacy of retroviral gene therapy for adenosine deaminase deficiency

Author

Migliavacca, Maddalena, Barzaghi, Federica, Fossati, Claudia, Rancoita, Paola M. V., Gabaldo, Michela, Dionisio, Francesca, Giannelli, Stefania, Salerio, Federica Andrea, Ferrua, Francesca, Tucci, Francesca, Calbi, Valeria, Gallo, Vera, Recupero, Salvatore, Consiglieri, Giulia, Pajno, Roberta, Sambuco, Maria, Priolo, Alessio, Ferri, Chiara, Garella, Vittoria, Monti, Ilaria, Silvani, Paolo, Darin, Silvia, Casiraghi, Miriam, Corti, Ambra, Zancan, Stefano, Levi, Margherita, Cesana, Daniela, Carlucci, Filippo, Pituch-Noworolska, Anna, AbdElaziz, Dalia, Baumann, Ulrich, Finocchi, Andrea, Cancrini, Caterina, Ladogana, Saverio, Meinhardt, Andrea, Meyts, Isabelle, Montin, Davide, Notarangelo, Lucia Dora, Porta, Fulvio, Pasquet, Marlène, Speckmann, Carsten, Stepensky, Polina, Tommasini, Alberto, Rabusin, Marco, Karakas, Zeynep, Galicchio, Miguel, Leonardi, Lucia, Duse, Marzia, Guner, Sukru Nail, Di Serio, Clelia, Ciceri, Fabio, Bernardo, Maria Ester, Aiuti, Alessandro, and Cicalese, Maria Pia

Published
2024
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23. An optimized recipe for making giant bubble

Author

Pasquet, Marina, Wallon, Laura, Fusier, Pierre-Yves, Restagno, Frédéric, and Rio, Emmanuelle

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Big bubbles are largely used in physics laboratories to study 2D turbulence, surface wavers, fundamental properties of soap systems... On a more artistic point of view, blowing big bubbles is part of many artistic shows. Both communities usually wan to get reasonably stable foam films. The purpose of this article is to propose the main physical ingredients allowing to identify a good recipe for making stable films and bubbles. We propose controlled experiments, to measure both the easiness to generate a bubble and its stability for different stabilizing solutions, which we choose by adding one by one the ingredients contained in an artist's recipe. The main results are that (i) the surfactant concentration must be not too high (ii) the solution must contain some long flexible polymer chains to allow an easy bubble generation and (iii) the addition of glycerol allows a better bubble stability by avoiding evaporation. We finally propose an efficient recipe, which takes into account all these considerations.

Published
2022

24. Thickness profiles of giant soap films

Author

Pasquet, Marina, Restagno, Frédéric, Cantat, Isabelle, and Rio, Emmanuelle

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Production, drainage and stability of foams films, i.e. films in contact with their menisci, are fascinating problems that remain still unsolved. In this article, we propose to explore the regime of large velocities and large film sizes. This one is not accessible in experiments classically conducted in the literature, and allows us to study the regime of large extension and large extension rates. With our setup, we make soap films up to two meters high by pulling a horizontal fishing line driven by belts out of a soapy solution at velocities ranging from 20~cm/s to 250~cm/s. We characterize the thickness profile of the central part of the film that behaves like a rubber band under tension. We show that its thickness profile is well described by a static model in which a homogeneous elastic film is stretched by its own weight. This leads to an exponential thickness profile with a characteristic length given by a competition between gravity and surface elasticity. The prefactor is fixed by the shape and area of the film, governed by the fishing line motion but also by a continuous extraction of foam film from the lateral menisci, thicker than the central part, and that progressively invades the film from its lateral boundaries. The model we propose captures the subtle interplay between gravity, film elasticity and film extraction and leads to predictions in good agreement with our experimental data.

Published
2022

25. Aqueous foams in microgravity, measuring bubble sizes

Author

Pasquet, Marina, Galvani, Nicolo, Pitois, Olivier, Cohen-Addad, Sylvie, Höhler, Reinhard, Chieco, Anthony T., Dillavou, Sam, Hanlan, Jesse M., Durian, Douglas J., Rio, Emmanuelle, Salonen, Anniina, and Langevin, Dominique

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

The paper describes a study of wet foams in microgravity whose bubble size distribution evolves due to diffusive gas exchange. We focus on the comparison between the size of bubbles determined from images of the foam surface and the size of bubbles in the bulk foam, determined from Diffuse Transmission Spectroscopy (DTS). Extracting the bubble size distribution from images of a foam surface is difficult so we have used three different procedures : manual analysis, automatic analysis with a customized Python script and machine learning analysis. Once various pitfalls were identified and taken into account, all the three procedures yield identical results within error bars. DTS only allows the determination of an average bubble radius which is proportional to the photon transport mean free path $\ell^*$. The relation between the measured diffuse transmitted light intensity and {$\ell^*$} previously derived for slab-shaped samples of infinite lateral extent does not apply to the cuboid geometry of the cells used in the microgravity experiment. A new more general expression of the diffuse intensity transmitted with specific optical boundary conditions has been derived and applied to determine the average bubble radius. The temporal evolution of the average bubble radii deduced from DTS and of the same average radii of the bubbles measured at the sample surface are in very good agreement throughout the coarsening. Finally, ground experiments were performed to compare bubble size distributions in a bulk wet foam and at its surface at times so short that diffusive gas exchange is insignificant. They were found to be similar, confirming that bubbles seen at the surface are representative of the bulk foam bubbles.

Published
2022

27. Impact of early versus class I–triggered surgery on postoperative survival in severe aortic regurgitation: An observational study from the Aortic Valve Insufficiency and Ascending Aorta Aneurysm International Registry

Author

Hanet, Vincent, Schäfers, Hans-Joachim, Lansac, Emmanuel, de Kerchove, Laurent, El Hamansy, Ismail, Vojácek, Jan, Contino, Monica, Pouleur, Anne-Catherine, Beauloye, Christophe, Pasquet, Agnès, Vanoverschelde, Jean-Louis, Vancraeynest, David, and Gerber, Bernhard L.

Published
2024
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29. Photometric Redshift Estimation with Convolutional Neural Networks and Galaxy Images: A Case Study of Resolving Biases in Data-Driven Methods

Author

Lin, Q., Fouchez, D., Pasquet, J., Treyer, M., Ouahmed, R. Ait, Arnouts, S., and Ilbert, O.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Deep Learning models have been increasingly exploited in astrophysical studies, yet such data-driven algorithms are prone to producing biased outputs detrimental for subsequent analyses. In this work, we investigate two major forms of biases, i.e., class-dependent residuals and mode collapse, in a case study of estimating photometric redshifts as a classification problem using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and galaxy images with spectroscopic redshifts. We focus on point estimates and propose a set of consecutive steps for resolving the two biases based on CNN models, involving representation learning with multi-channel outputs, balancing the training data and leveraging soft labels. The residuals can be viewed as a function of spectroscopic redshifts or photometric redshifts, and the biases with respect to these two definitions are incompatible and should be treated in a split way. We suggest that resolving biases in the spectroscopic space is a prerequisite for resolving biases in the photometric space. Experiments show that our methods possess a better capability in controlling biases compared to benchmark methods, and exhibit robustness under varying implementing and training conditions provided with high-quality data. Our methods have promises for future cosmological surveys that require a good constraint of biases, and may be applied to regression problems and other studies that make use of data-driven models. Nonetheless, the bias-variance trade-off and the demand on sufficient statistics suggest the need for developing better methodologies and optimizing data usage strategies., Comment: 29 pages, 12+11 figures, 2+3 tables; accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2022
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30. Impact of physical-chemistry on the film thinning in surface bubbles

Author

Pasquet, Marina, Boulogne, François, Saint-Anna, Julien, Restagno, Frédéric, and Rio, Emmanuelle

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the thinning dynamics of evaporating surfactant-stabilised surface bubbles by considering the role of the physical-chemistry of solutions used in the liquid bath. We study the impact of the surfactant concentration below and above the cmc (critical micelle concentration) and the role of ambient humidity. First, in a humidity-saturated atmosphere, we show that if the initial thickness depends on the surfactant concentration and is limited by the surface elasticity, the drainage dynamics are very well described from the capillary and gravity contributions. These dynamics are independent of the surfactant concentration. In a second part, our study reveals that the physical-chemistry impacts the thinning dynamics through evaporation. We include in the model the additional contribution due to evaporation, which shows a good description of the experimental data below the cmc. Above the cmc, although this model is unsatisfactory at short times, the dynamics at long times is correctly rendered and we establish that the increase of the surfactant concentration decreases the impact of evaporation. Finally, the addition of a hygroscopic compound, glycerol, can be also rationalized by our model. We demonstrate that glycerol decreases the bubble thinning rate at ambient humidity, thus increasing their stability., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures. Submitted

Published
2022

31. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in humans with alternative NF-κB pathway deficiency

Author

Le Voyer, Tom, Parent, Audrey V., Liu, Xian, Cederholm, Axel, Gervais, Adrian, Rosain, Jérémie, Nguyen, Tina, Perez Lorenzo, Malena, Rackaityte, Elze, Rinchai, Darawan, Zhang, Peng, Bizien, Lucy, Hancioglu, Gonca, Ghillani-Dalbin, Pascale, Charuel, Jean-Luc, Philippot, Quentin, Gueye, Mame Sokhna, Maglorius Renkilaraj, Majistor Raj Luxman, Ogishi, Masato, Soudée, Camille, Migaud, Mélanie, Rozenberg, Flore, Momenilandi, Mana, Riller, Quentin, Imberti, Luisa, Delmonte, Ottavia M., Müller, Gabriele, Keller, Baerbel, Orrego, Julio, Franco Gallego, William Alexander, Rubin, Tamar, Emiroglu, Melike, Parvaneh, Nima, Eriksson, Daniel, Aranda-Guillen, Maribel, Berrios, David I., Vong, Linda, Katelaris, Constance H., Mustillo, Peter, Raedler, Johannes, Bohlen, Jonathan, Bengi Celik, Jale, Astudillo, Camila, Winter, Sarah, McLean, Catriona, Guffroy, Aurélien, DeRisi, Joseph L., Yu, David, Miller, Corey, Feng, Yi, Guichard, Audrey, Béziat, Vivien, Bustamante, Jacinta, Pan-Hammarström, Qiang, Zhang, Yu, Rosen, Lindsey B., Holland, Steve M., Bosticardo, Marita, Kenney, Heather, Castagnoli, Riccardo, Slade, Charlotte A., Boztuğ, Kaan, Mahlaoui, Nizar, Latour, Sylvain, Abraham, Roshini S., Lougaris, Vassilios, Hauck, Fabian, Sediva, Anna, Atschekzei, Faranaz, Sogkas, Georgios, Poli, M. Cecilia, Slatter, Mary A., Palterer, Boaz, Keller, Michael D., Pinzon-Charry, Alberto, Sullivan, Anna, Droney, Luke, Suan, Daniel, Wong, Melanie, Kane, Alisa, Hu, Hannah, Ma, Cindy, Grombiříková, Hana, Ciznar, Peter, Dalal, Ilan, Aladjidi, Nathalie, Hie, Miguel, Lazaro, Estibaliz, Franco, Jose, Keles, Sevgi, Malphettes, Marion, Pasquet, Marlene, Maccari, Maria Elena, Meinhardt, Andrea, Ikinciogullari, Aydan, Shahrooei, Mohammad, Celmeli, Fatih, Frosk, Patrick, Goodnow, Christopher C., Gray, Paul E., Belot, Alexandre, Kuehn, Hye Sun, Rosenzweig, Sergio D., Miyara, Makoto, Licciardi, Francesco, Servettaz, Amélie, Barlogis, Vincent, Le Guenno, Guillaume, Herrmann, Vera-Maria, Kuijpers, Taco, Ducoux, Grégoire, Sarrot-Reynauld, Françoise, Schuetz, Catharina, Cunningham-Rundles, Charlotte, Rieux-Laucat, Frédéric, Tangye, Stuart G., Sobacchi, Cristina, Doffinger, Rainer, Warnatz, Klaus, Grimbacher, Bodo, Fieschi, Claire, Berteloot, Laureline, Bryant, Vanessa L., Trouillet Assant, Sophie, Su, Helen, Neven, Benedicte, Abel, Laurent, Zhang, Qian, Boisson, Bertrand, Cobat, Aurélie, Jouanguy, Emmanuelle, Kampe, Olle, Bastard, Paul, Roifman, Chaim M., Landegren, Nils, Notarangelo, Luigi D., Anderson, Mark S., Casanova, Jean-Laurent, and Puel, Anne

Published
2023
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33. General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants

Author

Zhou, Bin, Bennett, James E, Wickham, Aidan P, Singleton, Rosie K, Mishra, Anu, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Ikeda, Nayu, Jain, Lakshya, Barradas-Pires, Ana, Heap, Rachel A, Lhoste, Victor PF, Sheffer, Kate E, Phelps, Nowell H, Rayner, Archie W, Gregg, Edward W, Woodward, Mark, Stevens, Gretchen A, Iurilli, Maria LC, Danaei, Goodarz, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Bovet, Pascal, Chen, Zhengming, Damasceno, Albertino, Filippi, Sarah L, Janszky, Imre, Kengne, Andre P, Khang, Young-Ho, Khunti, Kamlesh, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lissner, Lauren, Margozzini, Paula, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, McGarvey, Stephen T, Shaw, Jonathan E, Söderberg, Stefan, Soto-Mota, Luis Adrián, Wang, Junyang, Zaccardi, Francesco, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Abdul Ghaffar, Suhaila, Abdul Rahim, Hanan F, Abdurrahmonova, Zulfiya, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adam, Ishag, Adamczyk, Marzena, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Agdeppa, Imelda A, Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadi, Nastaran, Ahmed, Soheir H, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Aitmurzaeva, Gulmira, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M, Al-Hinai, Halima, Al-Lawati, Jawad A, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Al Asfoor, Deena, Al Hourani, Huda M, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Ali, Mohamed M, Alieva, Anna V, Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkhatib, Buthaina M, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N, Amiano Etxezarreta, Pilar, Amougou, Norbert, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Androutsos, Odysseas, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Anufrieva, Elena, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E, Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K, Assah, Felix K, Assembekov, Batyrbek, Assunção, Maria Cecília F, Auvinen, Juha, Avdičová, Mária, Azad, Kishwar, Azevedo, Ana, Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen, Azizi, Fereidoun, Bacopoulou, Flora, Bahijri, Suhad, Bajramovic, Izet, Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, José R, Baran, Rafał, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Barbosa Filho, Valter, Barceló, Alberto, Baretić, Maja, Barnoya, Joaquin, Barrera, Lena, Barros, Aluisio JD, Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes, Basit, Abdul, Bastos, Joao Luiz, Batieha, Anwar M, Batista, Aline P, Batista, Rosangela L, Battakova, Zhamilya, Baur, Louise A, Bayauli, Pascal M, Bel-Serrat, Silvia, Belavendra, Antonisamy, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benedek, Theodora, Benedics, Judith, Benet, Mikhail, Benitez Rolandi, Gilda Estela, Benzeval, Michaela, Bere, Elling, Berger, Nicolas, Bergh, Ingunn Holden, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bettiol, Heloísa, Beybey, Augustin F, Bezerra, Jorge, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bhargava, Santosh K, Bika Lele, Elysée Claude, Bikbov, Mukharram M, Bista, Bihungum, Bjelica, Dusko J, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bloch, Katia V, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boddy, Lynne M, Boehm, Bernhard O, Boggia, Jose G, Bogova, Elena, Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bonilla-Vargas, Alice, Borghs, Herman, Botomba, Steve, Bourne, Rupert, Boymatova, Khadichamo, Braeckman, Lutgart, Braithwaite, Tasanee, Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M, Briceño, Yajaira, Brinduse, Lacramioara, Bringolf-Isler, Bettina, Brito, Miguel, Brug, Johannes, Bugge, Anna, Buntinx, Frank, Buoncristiano, Marta, Burns, Con, Cabrera de León, Antonio, Caixeta, Roberta B, Cama, Tilema, Can, Günay, Cândido, Ana Paula C, Cañete, Felicia, Capanzana, Mario V, Čapková, Naděžda, Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Rocco, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardoso, Viviane C, Carlsson, Axel C, Casanueva, Felipe F, Casas, Maribel, Censi, Laura, Cervantes‐Loaiza, Marvin, Chamnan, Parinya, Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Nish, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Long-Sheng, Cheng, Yiling J, Cheraghian, Bahman, Chetrit, Angela, Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina, Chinapaw, Mai JM, Chinnock, Anne, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Chong, Chean Lin, Christofaro, Diego G, Chudek, Jerzy, Cifkova, Renata, Cirillo, Massimo, Claessens, Frank, Clare, Philip, Cohen, Emmanuel, Confortin, Susana C, Coppinger, Tara C, Cortés, Lilia Yadira, Cosmin, Cojocaru R, Costanzo, Simona, Cowan, Melanie J, Cowell, Chris, Crampin, Amelia C, Cross, Amanda J, Crujeiras, Ana B, Cruz, Juan J, Cucu, Alexandra M, Cureau, Felipe V, Cuschieri, Sarah, D'Arrigo, Graziella, d'Orsi, Eleonora, da Silva-Ferreira, Haroldo, Dahm, Christina C, Dallongeville, Jean, Dankner, Rachel, Davletov, Kairat, de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos, Francisco, de Assis, Maria Alice Altenburg, De Bacquer, Dirk, De Bacquer, Jaco, de Bont, Jeroen, De Curtis, Amalia, de Fragas Hinnig, Patrícia, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, de Oliveira, Paula Duarte, de Paiva, Karina Mary, De Ridder, Karin, de Valois Correia Júnior, Marco Aurélio, Deepa, Mohan, DeGennaro, Vincent Jr, Demarest, Stefaan, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valérie, Dhimal, Meghnath, Díez Ripollés, María Pilar, Dika, Zivka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Dominguez, Liria, Donati, Maria Benedetta, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Dong, Guanghui, Donoso, Silvana P, Dorobantu, Maria, Dörr, Marcus, Dragano, Nico, Drygas, Wojciech, Du, Shufa, Duante, Charmaine A, Duboz, Priscilla, Duda, Rosemary B, Duleva, Vesselka L, Dushpanova, Anar, Dyussupova, Azhar, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Ebrahimi, Narges, Echeverría, Guadalupe, Eddie, Ricky, Eftekhar, Ebrahim, Efthymiou, Vasiliki, Egbagbe, Eruke E, Eghtesad, Sareh, Ekelund, Ulf, El-Khateeb, Mohammad, El Ati, Jalila, Elosua, Roberto, Enang, Ofem, Erasmus, Rajiv T, Erem, Cihangir, Ergor, Gul, Eriksen, Louise, Eriksson, Johan G, Escobedo-de la Peña, Jorge, Esmaeili, Ali, Evans, Roger G, Fakhradiyev, Ildar, Fakhretdinova, Albina A, Fall, Caroline H, Faramarzi, Elnaz, Farjam, Mojtaba, Farzadfar, Farshad, Farzi, Yosef, Fattahi, Mohammad Reza, Fawwad, Asher, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J, Ferguson, Trevor S, Fernandes, Romulo A, Fernández-Bergés, Daniel, Fernando, Desha R, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrari, Gerson, Ferrari, Marika, Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferrer, Eldridge, Figueiró, Thamara Hubler, Fijalkowska, Anna, Fink, Günther, Fisberg, Mauro, Forsner, Maria, Fottrell, Edward F, Fouad, Heba M, Francis, Damian K, Frontera, Guillermo, Fuchs, Flavio D, Fuchs, Sandra C, Furdela, Viktoriya, Furusawa, Takuro, Gabriela, Stefan Adela, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Galán Cuesta, Manuel, Galbarczyk, Andrzej, Galcheva, Sonya V, Galfo, Myriam, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Garcia, Pablo, Garnett, Sarah P, Gasull, Magda, Gazzinelli, Andrea, Gehring, Ulrike, Gerdts, Eva, Ghaderi, Ebrahim, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Ghanbari, Ali, Ghasemi, Erfan, Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina, Ghimire, Anup, Gialluisi, Alessandro, Giampaoli, Simona, Gianfagna, Francesco, Gironella, Glen, Giwercman, Aleksander, Gkiouras, Konstantinos, Glushkova, Natalya, Godara, Ramesh, Godos, Justyna, Goldberg, Marcel, Gómez, Georgina, Gómez Gómez, Jesús Humberto, Gomez, Luis F, Gómez, Santiago F, Gomula, Aleksandra, Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna, Gonçalves, Helen, Gonçalves, Mauer, González-Alvarez, Ana D, Gonzalez-Chica, David A, González-Gil, Esther M, Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela, González-Rivas, Juan P, Gonzalez, Angel R, Gottrand, Frederic, Grafnetter, Dušan, Grajda, Aneta, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G, Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grøholt, Else Karin, Grøntved, Anders, Guajardo, Viviana, Guallar-Castillón, Pilar, Guerchet, Maëlenn, Guerrero, Ramiro, Guimaraes, Andre L, Gujral, Unjali P, Gulliford, Martin C, Gunter, Marc J, Gupta, Rajeev, Gureje, Oye, Gurinović, Mirjana A, Gurzkowska, Beata, Gutierrez, Laura, Gwee, Xinyi, Haghshenas, Rosa, Hakimi, Hamid, Halkjær, Jytte, Hambleton, Ian R, Hamzeh, Behrooz, Hanekom, Willem A, Hange, Dominique, Hanif, Abu AM, Hantunen, Sari, Hao, Jie, Hardman, Carla Menêses, Hardy, Louise, Hari Kumar, Rachakulla, Harooni, Javad, Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad, Hassapidou, Maria, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, Heinen, Mirjam, Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth, Henrique, Rafael dos Santos, Henriques, Ana, Hernandez Cadena, Leticia, Herrala, Sauli, Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella, Herrera, Victor M, Herter-Aeberli, Isabelle, Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Heshmat, Ramin, Hill, Allan G, Ho, Sai Yin, Holdsworth, Michelle, Homayounfar, Reza, Homs, Clara, Hoogendijk, Emiel O, Horimoto, Andrea RVR, Hormiga, Claudia M, Horta, Bernardo L, Houti, Leila, Howitt, Christina, Htay, Thein Thein, Htet, Aung Soe, Htike, Maung Maung Than, Huerta, José María, Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani, Huiart, Laetitia, Huidumac Petrescu, Constanta, Huisman, Martijn, Husseini, Abdullatif, Huybrechts, Inge, Hwalla, Nahla, Iacoviello, Licia, Iakupova, Ellina M, Iannone, Anna G, Igland, Jannicke, Ijoma, Chinwuba, Iotova, Violeta, Irazola, Vilma E, Ishida, Takafumi, Isiguzo, Godsent C, Islam, Muhammad, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islek, Duygu, Ittermann, Till, Ivanova-Pandourska, Ivaila Y, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jääskeläinen, Tuija, Jackson, Rod T, Jaddou, Hashem Y, Jadoul, Michel, Jafar, Tazeen, Jan, Nataša, Janus, Edward, Jarani, Juel, Jarnig, Gerald, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jelaković, Ana, Jelaković, Bojan, Jha, Anjani Kumar, Jimenez, Ramon O, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Joffres, Michel, Jokelainen, Jari J, Jonas, Jost B, Joshi, Pradeep, Joshi, Rohina, Josipović, Josipa, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jóźwiak, Jacek J, Juolevi, Anne, Juresa, Vesna, Jureša, Vesna, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kaducu, Felix O, Kadvan, Agnes L, Kafatos, Anthony, Kajantie, Eero O, Kakutia, Natia, Kállayová, Daniela, Kalmatayeva, Zhanna, Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kannan, Srinivasan, Kapantais, Efthymios, Karaglani, Eva, Karakosta, Argyro, Karki, Khem B, Kassi Anicet, Adoubi, Katibeh, Marzieh, Katulanda, Prasad, Katzmarzyk, Peter T, Kauhanen, Jussi, Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M, Kaze, François F, Ke, Calvin, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kelishadi, Roya, Kelleher, Cecily, Kemper, Han CG, Keramati, Maryam, Kersting, Mathilde, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khaledifar, Arsalan, Khalili, Davood, Kheiri, Bahareh, Kheradmand, Motahareh, Khosravi, Alireza, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Sophia J, Kiechl, Stefan, Kim, Hyeon Chang, Klakk, Heidi, Klanarong, Suntara, Klanova, Jana, Klimek, Magdalena, Knoflach, Michael, Kobel, Susanne, Koirala, Bhawesh, Kolle, Elin, Kolsteren, Patrick, König, Jürgen, Korpelainen, Raija, Korrovits, Paul, Korzycka, Magdalena, Kos, Jelena, Koskinen, Seppo, Koussoh Simone, Malik, Kovács, Éva, Kovalskys, Irina, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Koziel, Slawomir, Kratenova, Jana, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Kriemler, Susi, Kristensen, Peter Lund, Krizan, Helena, Kroker-Lobos, Maria F, Krokstad, Steinar, Kruger, Herculina S, Kruger, Ruan, Kryst, Łukasz, Kubinova, Ruzena, Kujala, Urho M, Kujundzic, Enisa, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kumari, Meena, Kunešová, Marie, Kurjata, Pawel, Kyobutungi, Catherine, La, Quang Ngoc, Labadarios, Demetre, Lachat, Carl, Lai, Daphne, Laid, Youcef, Lall, Lachmie, Landaeta Jimenez, Maritza, Landais, Edwige, Lankila, Tiina, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Larijani, Bagher, Lateva, Mina P, Latt, Tint Swe, Laurenzi, Martino, Lazo-Porras, Maria, Le Coroller, Gwenaëlle, Le Nguyen Bao, Khanh, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lemogoum, Daniel, Leong, Elvynna, Leszczak, Justyna, Leung, Gabriel M, Li, Yanping, Liivak, Merike, Lim, Charlie, Lim, Wei-Yen, Lima-Costa, M Fernanda, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Lind, Lars, Litwin, Mieczyslaw, Liu, Liping, Liu, Xiaotian, Longo Abril, Guadalupe, Lopes, Oscar, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, López-Gil, José Francisco, Lopez, Tania, Lozano, José Eugenio, Lukrafka, Janice L, Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lunet, Nuno, Lunogelo, Charles, Lustigová, Michala, M'Buyamba-Kabangu, Jean-René, Machado-Coelho, George LL, Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M, Macia, Enguerran, Madar, Ahmed A, Maestre, Gladys E, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J, Magnacca, Sara, Magriplis, Emmanuella, Mahasampath, Gowri, Maire, Bernard, Makdisse, Marcia, Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza, Malekzadeh, Fatemeh, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mallikharjuna Rao, Kodavanti, Malyutina, Sofia, Maniego, Lynell V, Manios, Yannis, Mann, Jim I, Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, Manzato, Enzo, Mapatano, Mala Ali, Maria-Magdalena, Rosu, Mariño, Joany, Markaki, Anastasia, Marques, Larissa Pruner, Marrugat, Jaume, Martorell, Reynaldo, Maruszczak, Katharina, Masala, Giovanna, Mascarenhas, Luis P, Masimango Imani, Mannix, Masinaei, Masoud, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B, Matijasevich, Alicia, Matłosz, Piotr, Matsha, Tandi E, Matsudo, Victor, Matteo, Giletta, Maulik, Pallab K, Mavrogianni, Christina, Mc Donald Posso, Anselmo J, McFarlane, Shelly R, McLean, Rachael M, Mediene Benchekor, Sounnia, Mehlig, Kirsten, Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang, Melgarejo, Jesus D, Méndez, Fabián, Mendivil, Carlos O, Mendoza Montano, Carlos, Menezes, Ana Maria B, Mensink, Gert BM, Mereke, Alibek, Meshram, Indrapal I, Meto, Diane T, Meyer, Haakon E, Mi, Jie, Miłkowska, Karolina, Miller, Jody C, Milushkina, Olga, Minderico, Cláudia S, Mini, GK, Miquel, Juan Francisco, Miranda, J Jaime, Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza, Mišigoj-Duraković, Marjeta, Mistretta, Antonio, Mocanu, Veronica, Modesti, Pietro A, Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi, Mohammad, Kazem, Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza, Mohammadi, Zahra, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammadpourhodki, Reza, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mohd Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli, Mohebbi, Iraj, Møller, Niels C, Molnár, Dénes, Momenan, Amirabbas, Mondo, Charles K, Monroy-Valle, Michele M, Montenegro Mendoza, Roger A, Monterrubio-Flores, Eric, Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K, Moon, Jin Soo, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moradpour, Farhad, Moreira, Leila B, Morejon, Alain, Moreno, Luis A, Morgan, Karen, Moschonis, George, Moslem, Alireza, Mosquera, Mildrey, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Mostafa, Aya, Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali, Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel, Motta, Jorge, Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos André, Mridha, Malay K, Msyamboza, Kelias P, Mu, Thet Thet, Muca, Florian, Mugoša, Boban, Munroe, Patricia B, Mursu, Jaakko, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Musić Milanović, Sanja, Musil, Vera, Musinguzi, Geofrey, Mustafa, Norlaila, Muyer, Muel Telo Marie-Claire, Nabipour, Iraj, Naidu, Balkish M, Najafi, Farid, Nalecz, Hanna, Námešná, Jana, Narayan, KM Venkat, Naseri, Take, Nathalie, Michels, Neelapaichit, Nareemarn, Nejatizadeh, Azim, Nenko, Ilona, Nervi, Flavio, Neuhauser, Hannelore K, Ng, Tze Pin, Nguyen, Chung T, Nguyen, Quang V, Nguyen, Quang Ngoc, Ni, Michael Y, Nie, Peng, Nieto-Martínez, Ramfis E, Niiranen, Teemu J, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Nishi, Nobuo, Nishtar, Sania, Noale, Marianna, Noboa, Oscar A, Nogueira, Helena, Norton, Kevin I, Noto, Davide, Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia, Nsour, Mohannad Al, Nuhoğlu, Irfan, Nurk, Eha, Nuwaha, Fred, Nyirenda, Moffat, O'Neill, Terence W, Ochimana, Caleb, Ochoa-Avilés, Angélica M, Oda, Eiji, Odili, Augustine N, Oh, Kyungwon, Ohtsuka, Ryutaro, Oldenburg, Brian, Olié, Valérie, Omar, Mohd Azahadi, Omar, Saeed M, Onat, Altan, Ong, Sok King, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Ono, Lariane M, Onodugo, Obinna, Ordunez, Pedro, Ornelas, Rui, Ortiz, Ana P, Ortiz, Pedro J, Osmond, Clive, Ostojic, Sergej M, Ostovar, Afshin, Otero, Johanna A, Ottendahl, Charlotte B, Otu, Akaninyene, Overvad, Kim, Owusu-Dabo, Ellis, Padez, Cristina P, Pagkalos, Ioannis, Pajula, Natalja, Palloni, Alberto, Palmieri, Luigi, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panza, Francesco, Paoli, Mariela, Papadopoulou, Sousana K, Pareja, Rossina G, Park, Soon-Woo, Park, Suyeon, Parnell, Winsome R, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Pascanu, Ionela M, Pasquet, Patrick, Patel, Nikhil D, Pavlyshyn, Halyna, Pechlaner, Raimund, Pećin, Ivan, Pedro, João M, Peixoto, Sergio Viana, Peltonen, Markku, Pereira, Alexandre C, Peres, Karen GDA, Peres, Marco A, Perez-Londoño, Agustín, Pérez, Cynthia M, Peterkova, Valentina, Petrovna Kovtun, Olga, Peykari, Niloofar, Pham, Son Thai, Pichardo, Rafael N, Pierre-Marie, Preux, Pikhart, Hynek, Pilav, Aida, Piler, Pavel, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Pizarro, Andreia N, Plata, Silvia, Pop, Raluca M, Popkin, Barry M, Popovic, Stevo R, Porta, Miquel, Poudyal, Anil, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Price, Alison J, Prista, Antonio, Providencia, Rui, Puder, Jardena J, Pudule, Iveta, Puhakka, Soile, Puiu, Maria, Punab, Margus, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quialheiro, Anna, Quintana, Hedley K, Quiroga-Padilla, Pedro J, Quoc Bao, Tran, Rach, Stefan, Rahimikazerooni, Salar, Rahman, Mahmudur, Raitakari, Olli, Rakhmatulloev, Sherali, Rakovac, Ivo, Ramachandran, Ambady, Ramadan, Otim PC, Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Ramos, Rafel, Rampal, Lekhraj, Rampal, Sanjay, Ramsay, Sheena E, Rangel Junior, João FLB, Rangel Reina, Daniel A, Rangelova, Lalka S, Rarra, Vayia, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rech, Cassiano Ricardo, Redon, Josep, Regecová, Valéria, Renner, Jane DP, Repasy, Judit A, Reuter, Cézane P, Revilla, Luis, Reynolds, Andrew, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaianzadeh, Abbas, Riboli, Elio, Rigo, Fernando, Rigotti, Attilio, Riley, Leanne M, Rinke de Wit, Tobias F, Risérus, Ulf, Ritti-Dias, Raphael M, Roa, Reina G, Roccaldo, Romana, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Rodriguez-Perez, María del Cristo, Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura A, Rodríguez, Andrea Y, Roggenbuck, Ulla, Rohloff, Peter, Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Romeo, Elisabetta L, Rosario, Rafaela V, Rosengren, Annika, Rouse, Ian, Rubinstein, Adolfo, Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Sandra, Ruiz-Castell, Maria, Ruiz Moreno, Emma, Rusakova, Iuliia A, Rusek, Wojciech, Rust, Petra, Rutkowski, Marcin, Saamel, Marge, Sabbaghi, Hamideh, Sachdev, Harshpal S, Sadjadi, Alireza, Safarpour, Ali Reza, Safi, Sare, Saghi, Mohammad Hossien, Saidi, Olfa, Saieva, Calogero, Sakata, Satoko, Saki, Nader, Šalaj, Sanja, Salazar Martinez, Eduardo, Salkhanova, Akkumis, Salonen, Jukka T, Samoutian, Margarita, Sánchez-Abanto, Jose, Sánchez Rodríguez, Inés, Santos, Diana A, Santos, Ina S, Santos, Maria Paula, Santos, Tamara R, Saramies, Jouko L, Sardinha, Luis B, Sarganas, Giselle, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Savin, Stefan, Sbaraini, Mariana, Scazufca, Marcia, Schaan, Beatriz D, Schienkiewitz, Anja, Schindler, Karin, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Amand Floriaan, Schmidt, Börge, Schmidt, Carsten O, Schöttker, Ben, Schramm, Sara, Schramm, Stine, Schröder, Helmut, Schultsz, Constance, Schutte, Aletta E, Sebert, Sylvain, Sedaghattalab, Moslem, Sein, Aye Aye, Sen, Abhijit, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Sequera, Guillermo, Ševčíková, Ľudmila, Sewpaul, Ronel, Shamah-Levy, Teresa, Shamshirgaran, Seyed Morteza, Sharafkhah, Maryam, Sharma, Sanjib K, Sharman, Almaz, Shayanrad, Amaneh, Shayesteh, Ali Akbar, Shengelia, Lela, Shibuya, Kenji, Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana, Shiri, Rahman, Shoranov, Marat, Shrestha, Namuna, Si-Ramlee, Khairil, Sibai, Abla M, Sidossis, Labros S, Silva, Antonio M, Silva, Caroline Ramos de Moura, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, Kelly Samara, Sim, Xueling, Simon, Mary, Sjöström, Michael, Skoblina, Natalia A, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemysław, Smeeth, Liam, Smith, Lee, Soares, Fernanda Cunha, Sobek, Grzegorz, Sobngwi, Eugène, Sodemann, Morten, Soemantri, Agustinus, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Somi, Mohammad Hossein, Sørgjerd, Elin P, Sorić, Maroje, Soto-Rojas, Victoria E, Soumaré, Aïcha, Sousa-Poza, Alfonso, Spiroski, Igor, Staessen, Jan A, Stang, Andreas, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stein, Aryeh D, Stergiou, George S, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Stoyanova, Ekaterina, Stratton, Gareth, Stronks, Karien, Sturua, Lela, Suarez-Ortegón, Milton F, Suebsamran, Phalakorn, Sulo, Gerhard, Sundström, Johan, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Swinburn, Boyd A, Sylva, René Charles, Szponar, Lucjan, Tai, E Shyong, Tambalis, Konstantinos D, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Tanabayev, Baimakhan, Tanrygulyyeva, Maya, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Tarp, Jakob, Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B, Taxová Braunerová, Radka, Te Velde, Saskia, Tebar, William R, Tell, Grethe S, Tello, Tania, Thankappan, KR, Theodoridis, Xenophon, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Thomas, Nihal, Thrift, Amanda G, Tichá, Ľubica, Timmermans, Erik J, Tjandrarini, Dwi Hapsari, Tjonneland, Anne, Tolstrup, Janne S, Topbas, Murat, Torres-Collado, Laura, Touloumi, Giota, Traissac, Pierre, Triantafyllou, Areti, Trivedi, Atul, Tshepo, Lechaba, Tsintavis, Panagiotis, Tuitele, John, Tuliakova, Azaliia M, Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K, Tullu, Fikru, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Turley, Maria L, Tzala, Evangelia, Tzotzas, Themistoklis, Tzourio, Christophe, Ueda, Peter, Ugel, Eunice, Ukoli, Flora AM, Usupova, Zhamyila, Uusitalo, Hannu MT, Uysal, Nalan, Valdivia, Gonzalo, Valvi, Damaskini, van Dam, Rob M, van den Born, Bert-Jan, Van der Heyden, Johan, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Van Lippevelde, Wendy, Van Minh, Hoang, Van Schoor, Natasja M, van Valkengoed, Irene GM, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio, Vargas, Luz Nayibe, Vasan, Senthil K, Vasques, Daniel G, Vega, Tomas, Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Velika, Biruta, Verdot, Charlotte, Verloigne, Maïté, Veronesi, Giovanni, Verschuren, WM Monique, Verstraeten, Roosmarijn, Viet, Lucie, Vik, Frøydis N, Vilar, Monica, Villalpando, Salvador, Vioque, Jesus, Virtanen, Jyrki K, Visser, Marjolein, Viswanathan, Bharathi, Vladulescu, Mihaela, Völzke, Henry, Voutilainen, Ari, Vrijheid, Martine, Wade, Alisha N, Wan Bebakar, Wan Mohamad, Wan Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon, Wanderley Júnior, Rildo de Souza, Wang, Chongjian, Wang, Huijun, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Qian, Wang, Xiangjun, Wang, Ya Xing, Wang, Ying-Wei, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wareham, Nicholas, Wartha, Olivia, Weber, Adelheid, Webster-Kerr, Karen, Wedderkopp, Niels, Weghuber, Daniel, Wei, Wenbin, Westbury, Leo, Whincup, Peter H, Wickramasinghe, Kremlin, Widhalm, Kurt, Widyahening, Indah S, Więcek, Andrzej, Wilks, Rainford J, Willeit, Karin, Willeit, Peter, Williams, Julianne, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong-McClure, Roy A, Wong, Andrew, Wong, Emily B, Wu, Frederick C, Wyszyńska, Justyna, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yaacob, Nor Azwany, Yan, Li, Yan, Weili, Yang, Yang, Yépez García, Martha, Yoosefi, Moein, Yoshihara, Akihiro, Younger-Coleman, Novie O, Yu, Yu-Ling, Yu, Yunjiang, Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi, Zafiropulos, Vassilis, Zainuddin, Ahmad A, Zamani, Farhad, Zambon, Sabina, Zampelas, Antonis, Zapata, Maria Elisa, Zaw, Ko Ko, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Żegleń, Magdalena, Zejglicova, Kristyna, Zeljkovic Vrkic, Tajana, Zhang, Bing, Zhang, Zhen-Yu, Zhecheva, Yanitsa V, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zimmet, Paul, Zins, Marie, Zuñiga Cisneros, Julio, Zuziak, Monika, and Ezzati, Majid

Published
2024
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39. Marginal regeneration-induced drainage of surface bubbles

Author

Miguet, Jonas, Pasquet, Marina, Rouyer, Florence, Fang, Yuan, and Rio, Emmanuelle

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

The prediction of the lifetime of surface bubbles necessitates a better understanding of the thinning dynamics of the bubble cap. In 1959, Mysel \textit{et al.} \cite{mysels1959soap}, proposed that \textit{marginal regeneration} i.e. the rise of patches, thinner than the film should be taken into account to describe the film drainage. Nevertheless, an accurate description of these buoyant patches and of their dynamics as well as a quantification of their contribution to the thinning dynamics is still lacking. In this paper, we visualize the patches, and show that their rising velocities and sizes are in good agreement with models respectively based on the balance of gravitational and surface viscous forces and on a Rayleigh-Taylor like instability \cite{Seiwert2017,Shabalina2019}. Our results suggest that, in an environment saturated in humidity, the drainage induced by their dynamics correctly describes the film drainage at the apex of the bubble within the experimental error bars. We conclude that the film thinning of soap bubbles is indeed controlled, to a large extent, by \textit{marginal regeneration} in the absence of evaporation.

Published
2021
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40. Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation Outcomes in Asian Compared With European-American Institutions

Author

Hamid, Nadira, Bursi, Francesca, Benfari, Giovanni, Vanoverschelde, Jean-Louis, Tribouilloy, Christophe, Biagini, Elena, Avierinos, Jean-Francois, Barbieri, Andrea, Fan, Yiting, Guerra, Federico, Leng, Chua Yeow, Essayagh, Benjamin, Pasquet, Agnés, Szymansky, Catherine, Théron, Alexis, Michelena, Hector I., Nkomo, Vuyisile T., Vancraeynest, David, Rusinaru, Dan, Grigioni, Francesco, Enriquez-Sarano, Maurice L., Pin, Ding Zee, and Pui-Wai Lee, Alex

Published
2024
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41. Antinuclear antibody–associated autoimmune cytopenia in childhood is a risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus

Author

Granel, Jérôme, Fernandes, Helder, Bader-Meunier, Brigitte, Guth, Amandine, Richer, Olivier, Pillet, Pascal, Leverger, Guy, Ducassou, Stéphane, Fahd, Mony, Pasquet, Marlène, Garnier, Nathalie, Barlogis, Vincent, Guitton, Corinne, Jeziorski, Eric, Thomas, Caroline, Bayart, Sophie, Cheikh, Nathalie, Paillard, Catherine, Abou Chahla, Wadih, Chastagner, Pascal, Neven, Bénédicte, Millot, Frédéric, Lejeune, Julien, Li-Thiao Te, Valérie, Armari-Alla, Corinne, Briandet, Claire, Carausu, Liana, Deparis, Marianna, Piguet, Christophe, Benadiba, Joy, Marie-Cardine, Aude, Stephan, Jean-Louis, Pellier, Isabelle, Pluchart, Claire, Doré, Eric, Michaux, Katell, Héritier, Sébastien, Leblanc, Thierry, and Aladjidi, Nathalie

Published
2024
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43. White Paper Machine Learning in Certified Systems

Author

Delseny, Hervé, Gabreau, Christophe, Gauffriau, Adrien, Beaudouin, Bernard, Ponsolle, Ludovic, Alecu, Lucian, Bonnin, Hugues, Beltran, Brice, Duchel, Didier, Ginestet, Jean-Brice, Hervieu, Alexandre, Martinez, Ghilaine, Pasquet, Sylvain, Delmas, Kevin, Pagetti, Claire, Gabriel, Jean-Marc, Chapdelaine, Camille, Picard, Sylvaine, Damour, Mathieu, Cappi, Cyril, Gardès, Laurent, De Grancey, Florence, Jenn, Eric, Lefevre, Baptiste, Flandin, Gregory, Gerchinovitz, Sébastien, Mamalet, Franck, and Albore, Alexandre

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning, I.2, K.7.3
Abstract

Machine Learning (ML) seems to be one of the most promising solution to automate partially or completely some of the complex tasks currently realized by humans, such as driving vehicles, recognizing voice, etc. It is also an opportunity to implement and embed new capabilities out of the reach of classical implementation techniques. However, ML techniques introduce new potential risks. Therefore, they have only been applied in systems where their benefits are considered worth the increase of risk. In practice, ML techniques raise multiple challenges that could prevent their use in systems submitted to certification constraints. But what are the actual challenges? Can they be overcome by selecting appropriate ML techniques, or by adopting new engineering or certification practices? These are some of the questions addressed by the ML Certification 3 Workgroup (WG) set-up by the Institut de Recherche Technologique Saint Exup\'ery de Toulouse (IRT), as part of the DEEL Project., Comment: 113 pages, White paper

Published
2021

44. A new setup for giant soap films characterization

Author

Mariot, Sandrine, Pasquet, Marina, Klein, Vincent, Restagno, Frédéric, and Rio, Emmanuelle

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Artists, using an empirical knowledge, manage to generate and play with giant soap films and bubbles. Until now, scientific studies of soap films generated at a controlled velocity and without any feeding from the top, studied films of a few square centimeters. The present work aims to present a new setup to generate and characterize giant soap films (2~m $\times$ 0.7~m). Our setup is enclosed in a humidity-controlled box of 2.2~m high, 1~m long and 0.75~m large. Soap films are entrained by a fishing line withdrawn out of a bubbling solution at various velocities. We measure the maximum height of the generated soap films, as well as their lifetime, thanks to an automatic detection. This is allowed by light-sensitive resistors collecting the light reflected on the soap films and ensures robust statistical measurements. In the meantime, thickness measurements are performed with a UV-VIS-spectrometer, allowing us to map the soap films thickness over time.

Published
2021

45. Galaxy Image Translation with Semi-supervised Noise-reconstructed Generative Adversarial Networks

Author

Lin, Qiufan, Fouchez, Dominique, and Pasquet, Jérôme

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

Image-to-image translation with Deep Learning neural networks, particularly with Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), is one of the most powerful methods for simulating astronomical images. However, current work is limited to utilizing paired images with supervised translation, and there has been rare discussion on reconstructing noise background that encodes instrumental and observational effects. These limitations might be harmful for subsequent scientific applications in astrophysics. Therefore, we aim to develop methods for using unpaired images and preserving noise characteristics in image translation. In this work, we propose a two-way image translation model using GANs that exploits both paired and unpaired images in a semi-supervised manner, and introduce a noise emulating module that is able to learn and reconstruct noise characterized by high-frequency features. By experimenting on multi-band galaxy images from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the Canada France Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHT), we show that our method recovers global and local properties effectively and outperforms benchmark image translation models. To our best knowledge, this work is the first attempt to apply semi-supervised methods and noise reconstruction techniques in astrophysical studies., Comment: Accepted at ICPR 2020

Published
2021
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46. Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] maternal lineages, chloroplast captures, and wild cowpea evolution

Author

Pasquet, Remy S, Feleke, Yonas, and Gepts, Paul

Subjects
Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata, CpDNA RFLP, Infraspecific phylogeny, Chloroplast capture, Agricultural Biotechnology, Plant Biology & Botany
Abstract

Vigna unguiculata is the major grain legume in Africa and is also important in South-East Asia as a vegetable. The wild relatives, present only in Africa, are currently made of ten subspecies. However, while the different groups are well identified, the relationships between them are not firmly established. The present study of chloroplast diversity through restriction fragment length polymorphism confirms the different groups, as well as the split between savannah subspecies and forest subspecies. It justifies treating subsp. stenophylla as a subspecies independent from subsp. protracta and invalidates the subsp. stenophylla sensu lato concept. It suggests that the species V. unguiculata originated in southern Africa and that the annual subsp. unguiculata var. spontanea originated in eastern Africa. More importantly, it proves that three subspecies are of hybrid origin, between the annual var. spontanea and various perennial subspecies from southern Africa with left-twisted keel. Owing to its annual and inbred properties, var. spontanea spread across all African low- to medium-altitude savannahs, displacing the left-twisted keel savannah perennials from their warmer and drier areas.

Published
2021

47. Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Author

Phelps, Nowell H, Singleton, Rosie K, Zhou, Bin, Heap, Rachel A, Mishra, Anu, Bennett, James E, Paciorek, Christopher J, Lhoste, Victor PF, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Stevens, Gretchen A, Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea, Bixby, Honor, Bentham, James, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Danaei, Goodarz, Rayner, Archie W, Barradas-Pires, Ana, Cowan, Melanie J, Savin, Stefan, Riley, Leanne M, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Baker, Jennifer L, Barkat, Amina, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Branca, Francesco, Caixeta, Roberta B, Cuschieri, Sarah, Farzadfar, Farshad, Ganapathy, Shubash, Ikeda, Nayu, Iotova, Violeta, Kengne, Andre P, Khang, Young-Ho, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Ma, Jun, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, Miranda, J Jaime, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Sorić, Maroje, Turley, Maria, Wang, Limin, Webster-Kerr, Karen, Aarestrup, Julie, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdeen, Ziad A, Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Abdul Ghaffar, Suhaila, Abdul Rahim, Hanan F, Abdurrahmonova, Zulfiya, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Abubakar Garba, Jamila, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adam, Ishag, Adamczyk, Marzena, Adams, Robert J, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Afzal, Shoaib, Agbor, Valirie N, Agdeppa, Imelda A, Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Ågren, Åsa, Aguenaou, Hassan, Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadi, Nastaran, Ahmed, Imran, Ahmed, Soheir H, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Aitmurzaeva, Gulmira, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M, Al-Hinai, Halima, Al-Lahou, Badreya, Al-Lawati, Jawad A, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Al Asfoor, Deena, Al Hourani, Huda M, Al Qaoud, Nawal M, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Aldwairji, Maryam A, Alexius, Sylvia, Ali, Mohamed M, Alieva, Anna V, Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alkhatib, Buthaina M, Allin, Kristine, Alomary, Shaker A, Alomirah, Husam F, Alshangiti, Arwa M, Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N, Amiano Etxezarreta, Pilar, Amoah, John, Amougou, 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2024
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50. Childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis hematological involvement: severity associated with BRAFV600E loads

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Thalhammer, Julian, Jeziorski, Eric, Marec-Bérard, Perrine, Barkaoui, Mohamed, Pagnier, Anne, Rohrlich, Pierre-Simon, Chevallier, Aurore, Carausu, Liana, Aladjidi, Nathalie, Rigaud, Charlotte, Leruste, Amaury, Azarnoush, Saba, Lauvray, Thomas, Le Louet, Solenne, Gandemer, Virginie, Treguier, Pauline, Mansuy, Ludovic, Pasquet, Marlene, Olivier, Laura, Rome, Angélique, Saultier, Paul, Isfan, Fiorentina, Renard, Cécile, Thiao, Valerie Li, Salmon, Alexandra, Blanc, Laurence, Chahla, Wadih Abou, Lambilliotte, Anne, Stephan, Jean-Louis, Geissmann, Frederic, Lejeune, Julien, Mallebranche, Coralie, Reguerre, Yves, Grain, Audrey, Thomas, Caroline, Hélias-Rodzewicz, Zofia, Moshous, Despina, Fenneteau, Odile, Coulomb-L’Hermine, Aurore, Lapillonne, Hélène, de Saint-Basile, Geneviève, Emile, Jean-François, Héritier, Sébastien, and Donadieu, Jean

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2024
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