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The purpose of this article is to describe and justify the approach to assessing the quality of educational programs that have been developed and tested at ITMO University since 2019. The article presents the main indicators of assessment and the results of testing this approach at the university. The main unit of quality is an educational program, as it has a long-life cycle and meets the needs of most stakeholders of the educational organization. Taking into account all the features of an educational program, the authors propose a comprehensive set of indicators to assess its quality, which makes it possible to objectively manage it data-based. In conclusion, for completing the task of analyzing the life cycle of an educational program, the authors present an internal rating of educational programs, concise examples of recommendations based on its results. The advantages of the approach to managing educational programs are described, and ways for further development are presented. The article may be of interest to the managers and management teams of institutions of higher education, as well as to the researchers in this field.

В статье рассматриваются особенности развития эмоционально-оценочной лексики у детей дошкольного возраста с речевыми нарушениями. Описана специфика формирования эмоционально-оценочной лексики при речевых нарушениях.

The tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy is a rare case of reversible heart failure and left ventricle disfunction. The diagnostic approach and treatment strategy are described in this article. Also the clinical case of heart failure compensation in the patient with left ventricle dilatation and atrial flutter after the reverse to sinus rhythm is after catheter ablation presented.Кардиомиопатия, индуцированная тахикардией, это редкая причина обратимой сердечной недостаточности вследствие дисфункции левого желудочка. В статье разобраны механизмы данного заболевания и подходы к терапии кардиомиопатии, индуцированной тахикардией, представлен клинический случай достижения компенсации явлений недостаточности кровообращения у пациента с дилатацией камер сердца и трепетанием предсердий после восстановления синусового ритма путем катетерной аблации.

There is no universal diagnostic and treatment strategy of subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT) in pregnant women and those who are planning pregnancy due to differences in population-specific and trimester-specific thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) reference values, influence of thyroid autoimmunity markers on pregnancy outcomes, adherence to fixed universal cutoff concentrations TSH in Russia and multidisciplinary team care with different treatment opinions involving. An absence of universal approach to SHT leads to excess treatment, financial and psychological burden on pregnant women.Up to American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guidelines 2017 and project of Clinical Guidelines of Russian Association of Endocrinologists 2019 a treatment strategy of SHT should be left up to the endocrinologist to choose. In our paper we systematize global scientific and clinical experience of planning and management pregnancies with SHT to help physicians to choose treatment option based on principals of evidence-based medicine.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is specific kidney damage in patients with diabetes mellitus. DN develops relatively often in pregestational diabetes patients (5,9-26%) and stills one of the main limitations for successful pregnancy in this patients’ group. Advanced DN increases risks of poor pregnancy outcomes for women and fetuses including chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, high rate of preeclampsia, preterm deliveries, Cesarean sections, perinatal mortality and neonatal morbidity. At the same time there are more and more successful pregnancies with advanced DN in the wold.In our paper we systematize global experience of planning and management pregnancies with type 1 diabetes and DN in different stages of renal impairment. We discuss role of nephroprotective therapy in preconception care, achievement and maintaining blood pressure goals, multidisciplinary team care for improvement pregnancy outcomes in type 1 diabetic women with DN.

Ionic liquids (ILs), due to their structural features, have unique physical and chemical properties and are environmentally friendly. Every year, the number of studies devoted to the use of ILs in medicine and pharmaceutics is growing. In nuclear medicine, the use of ILs with self-buffering capacity in the synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals is extremely important. This research is devoted to obtaining new ionic buffer agents containing N-benzylethanolammonium (BEA) cations and anions of carboxylic acids. A series of new BEA salts was synthesized and identified by NMR (1H, 13C), IR spectroscopy and elemental and thermal analysis. The crystal structures of BEA hydrogen succinate, hydrogen oxalate and oxalate were determined by x-ray diffraction. Newly synthesized compounds were tested as buffer solutions in 68Ga- and Al18F-radiolabeling reactions with a series of bifunctional chelating agents and clinically relevant peptides used for visualization of malignancies by positron emission tomography. The results obtained confirm the promise of using new buffers in the synthesis of 68Ga- and Al18F-labeled radiopharmaceuticals.

Diatom analysis and radiocarbon dating of the sedimentary cover of the terraces on the South-East coast of Gorlo Strait (White Sea) from Cape Veprevsky to Cape Intsy were carried out for the first time. The Holocene marine sediments traced to 4 m a.s.l. The rise in relative sea level occurred during Boreal and first half of Atlantic. The sea level reached the present value not earlier than 8500 14C yrs BP and probably stabilized at 3,5-4,0 m a.s.l. about 6300 14C yrs BP. The regression of the sea dates approximately 3000 14C yrs BP when coastal sedimentation changed to sediment formation in land environments. Higher levels were formed earlier 9500-8500 14C yrs BP and were not later flooded by the sea according to the diatom analysis data. During the Early Holocene regression, assumptive paleosoil horizons were formed there. They are covered by lacustrine, peaty, and aeolian sediments.

Diatom analysis and radiocarbon dating of the sedimentary cover of terraces on the southeastern coast of the Gorlo Strait (White Sea) were carried out for the first time. The studies were conducted at sites from Cape Veprevskii to Cape Intsy. The Holocene marine sediments were traced up to 4 m a.s.l. The relative sea level rose during the Boreal and the first half of the Atlantic periods. The sea level reached the present value not earlier than 8500 14C ysr BP and probably was stabilized at 3.5–4.0 m a.s.l. about 6300 14C yrs BP. The sea regression is dated to approximately 3000 14C yrs BP, when the marine settings of sediment accumulation changed to continental ones. The higher levels were formed prior to 9500–8500 14C yrs BP and were not later flooded by the sea according to the data of diatom analysis. During the Early Holocene regression, the assumptive paleosol horizons were formed there. They are covered by lacustrine, peaty, and aeolian sediments.

The article presents the results of diatom analysis of bottom sediment cores of Lake Shchuchye located in the northern part of the Khibiny Mountains. Data of radiocarbon dating of lacustrine sediments and comparison with previously published sections of lake sediments in the Kola Peninsula suggest that the accumulation of sediments in Shchuchye Lake began during the final stages of deglaciation in the early Holocene and continued uninterruptedly until the present time. Changes in the composition of diatom associations in sediments reflect alterations in the hydrodynamic regime of the lake associated with the isolation from the Goltsovoye Lake, influence of Kunyok River runoff, evolution of vegetation and weathering processes in the catchment area. We used concentration, variety and composition of species and distinguished 8 separate zones of diatoms. Climate changes in the Holocene are reflected directly in the change of the percentage of indicator species, and indirectly through changes in pH, etc. The early Holocene rise of temperature began in this region later than in the sea coastal area. It may reflect the pecularities of deglaciation, namely — late melting of alpine glaciers. Along with the evolutionary environmental changes some catastrophic events are reflected in the sediments of the Shchuchye Lake. For example, in early stages, there the yield of big quantity of terrigenous deposits into the lake was revealed produced by mud flows and erosion from slopes covered by scarce vegetation at that time. Mudflow processes probably led to the formation of a clear interlayer of terrigenous material in the biogenic sediments in the upper part of the section.

Hypothesis/aims of study. Using early non-invasive markers of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in clinical practice is important to early start of nephroprotective therapy and leads to improving the quality of life, while decreasing disability and mortality of diabetic patients. The aim of the study was to estimate the potential of using serum cystatin C and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculated by CKD-EPI cys and CKD-EPI cr-cys equations for an early diagnosis of DN in type 1 diabetic (T1D) women who were planning pregnancy or were in the I trimester of pregnancy. Study design, materials, and methods. 47 T1D women were examined, of whom 25 individuals were pregnant and 22 ones were planning pregnancy. In all patients, glycated hemoglobin and serum cystatin C levels were determined, GFR was estimated by the creatinine clearance test, MDRD, CKD-EPI cr , CKD-EPI cys , and CKD-EPI cr-cys equations, with diabetes training done. Results. The pregnant group and the planning pregnancy group were distinguished by glycated hemoglobin ( p = 0.001), serum creatinine ( p = 0.001), and GFR estimated by the creatinine clearance test ( р = 0.017), CKD-EPI cr ( р = 0.005), and CKD-EPI cr-cys ( р = 0.046) equations. There was no difference in urinary creatinine, serum cystatin C, and GFR estimated by CKD-EPI cys equation and daily urinary protein excretion between the study groups. Most pregnant women (87.5%) were in stage C1 and only 12,5% in stage C2 as determined by estimated GFR using the CKD-EPI cr formula, which was significantly different compared to the planning pregnancy group, where the percentage of women in stages C1 and C2 was comparable ( р = 0.002). In addition, most pregnant patients were in stage C1, while most of the patients planning pregnancy were referred to stage C2 by GFR estimated by CKD-EPI cys equation. Stage C3a was diagnosed in the both study groups only when CKD-EPI cys equation for GFR estimation was used. Most women from both groups were in stage C1 when GFR was estimated by the creatinine clearance test, the percentage ratio of patients in stages C1 and C2 in both groups being comparable. Conclusion. Our results demonstrated that serum cystatin C and GFR estimation by CKD-EPI cys equation could improve nephropathy diagnostic accuracy among T1D patients with a normal serum creatinine level and intact GFR based on creatinine level.

Today, medical administration assesses any practitioner’s performance efficiency based on the revenue they bring to the medical establishment. The consequences of the substitution of such traditional concepts as “patient”, “doctor” and “medical care” pursuant to the market approach to the medical function by “client”, “service provider” and “medical services” have been fully revealed. Following market paradigm, meaning that the “customer is always right”, patients have become more demanding of practitioners’ work. Medical practitioners under the conditions of overloading and overscheduling, strict regulations of the relationship with the medical establishment authority and insurance companies make mistakes more often. The main instrument for evaluating medical activities is multilayered legal documents, generated by various medical management entities and poorly coordinated with each other. Meanwhile, control practice follows its own rules and laws, and the complexity of the instrument makes no obstacle for the inspectors. Among insurers and officials there has developed a strong conviction in the physicians’ guilt, and that they a priori deserve criminal sentence. This conviction has been replicated by the media (for which such sort of materials helps to raise ratings according to the laws of the yellow press), and it has become shared by society, in particular, by patients. The number of patients’ complaints to the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation has been increasing rapidly. In response to the “patients’ terrorism” practitioners have adopted a strategy of “protective medicine”, minimizing the risks of treatment to the detriment of its effectiveness. The established practice of doctor-patient relationship is equally harmful to both of them. Traditional professional medical values have turned out to be in conflict with the new requirements of the medical institution authorities caused by the commercialization of the medical care. Although most practitioners have the strength to overcome the crisis of workplace values due to the humanistic component of their profession, their medical activity is accompanied by dissatisfaction and burnout. Healthcare service optimization has resulted in strained relations between patients and healthcare providers.

В настоящей статье раскрываются некоторые теоретические предпосылки исследования проблемы целей в системе социально-экологического образования студентов, раскрывается их сущность, определяются перспективы использования в процессе профессиональной подготовки.

Dmitry Shchekochikhin,1 Tatiana Nikiforova,1 Alexandra Shilova,2 Alexey Nesterov,2 Olga Baturina,1 Daria Gognieva,1 Natalia Kozlovskaya,3 Abram Syrkin,1 Philipp Kopylov11Department of Preventive and Emergency Cardiology of the Faculty of Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia; 2Department of Interventional Cardiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow 117997, Russia; 3Department of Internal Medicine and Occupational Medicine, Eramishancev Moscow Clinical Hospital, Moscow 129327, RussiaBackground: Determining the prognosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is problematic, as the ejection fraction cannot be used. Formulae that estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) may be potential prognosticators for this condition, since renal dysfunction is a well-known predictor of poor outcomes of all forms of heart failure.Methods: A prospective observational study of 117 HFpEF patients (average age 71.6±9.1 years; 65.8% women) who had eGFR determined after their first episode of cardiac decompensation by two different chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations. The ability to predict hospitalizations and mortality over 24 months by the two equations were compared.Results: The CKD-EPI formula based on serum creatinine only performed poorly. However, the CKD-EPI equation that used both serum creatinine and serum cystatin C was associated with unfavorable outcome: eGFR 2, predicted 24-month mortality (HR=4.21 [1.32;13.43], p=0.02) and the combined endpoint of mortality and hospitalization (HR 2.45 [1.42;4.22], p=0.001). .Conclusions: eGFR by the CKD-EPI equation based on serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, but not by the CKD-EPI creatinine only equation, predicts the outcome of HFpEF patients.Keywords: cystatin C, CKD-EPI equation, heart failure with preserved left ventricle ejection fraction, estimated glomerular filtration rate

Currently, the chemistry of organofluorine compounds is a leading and rapidly developing area of organic chemistry. Fluorine present in a molecule largely determines its specific chemical and biological properties. This thematic issue covers the trends of organofluorine chemistry that have been actively developed in Russia the last 15 – 20 years. The review describes nucleophilic substitution and heterocyclization reactions involving fluorinated arenes and quinones and skeletal cationoid rearrangements in the polyfluoroarene series. The transformations involving CF3-substituted carbocations and radical cations are considered. Heterocyclization and oxidative addition reactions of trifluoroacetamide derivatives and transformations of the organic moiety in polyfluorinated organoboranes and borates with retention of the carbon – boron bond are discussed. Particular attention is devoted to catalytic olefination using freons as an efficient synthetic route to fluorinated compounds. The application of unsymmetrical fluorine-containing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands as catalysts for olefin metathesis is demonstrated. A variety of classes of organofluorine compounds are considered, in particular, polyfluorinated arenes and 1,2-diaminobenzenes, 1-halo-2-trifluoroacetylacetylenes, α-fluoronitro compounds, fluorinated heterocycles, 2-hydrazinylidene-1,3-dicarbonyl derivatives, imines and silanes. The potential practical applications of organofluorine compounds in fundamental organic chemistry, materials science and biomedicine are outlined. The bibliography includes 1019 references.

To analyze diagnostic performance of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients, presented with myocardial infarction with nonobstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA). Materials ant methods. 46 consecutives patients presented with myocardial infarction without evidence of obstructive coronary disease on angiography between January, 1 2018 and October 1, 2019 were included in the study. All patients underwent CMR within 10 days after admission. MRI was performed on 1.5 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) using comprehensive protocol (T2-images, Cine-CMR, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE)).CMR revealed myocardial infarction (MI) pattern in 14 patients (30.4%), myocarditis in 12 (26.1%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 6 (13.1%). In 14 patients (30.4%) no LGE was observed. Notably in 2 patients without LGE features of takotsubo syndrome were noted. Mean age was significantly lower in patients with MI versus patient with non-ischemic causes of MINOCA (56.112.3 vs 64.612.8; p=0.04). ST elevation at admission frequency didnt differ between MI and non-ischemic patients (35.7% vs 25.0%; p=0.76). However MI patients had significantly increased troponin level, 0.87 [0.22; 1.85] vs 0.22 [0.07; 0.38]; p=0.008. CMR allowed to establish the prcised clinical diagnosis in 73.9% of the cases.Clinical data doesnt allow to differentiate ischemic or non-ischemic causes of MINOCA. However, CMR establish the correct diagnosis in most cases.Цель. Оценить диагностические возможности магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) сердца в установлении диагноза у пациентов, госпитализированных с инфарктом миокарда без обструктивного поражения коронарных артерий (англ. myocardial infarction with nonobstructed coronary arteries MINOCA). Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 46 пациентов старше 18 лет, госпитализированных в период с 01.01.2018 по 01.10.2019 с диагнозом острый коронарный синдром. Всем больным выполнена МРТ сердца в течение 710 дней после госпитализации. Исследование проведено на магнитно-резонансном томографе 1,5 Тесла с использованием стандартного протокола, включающего Т2-взвешенные изображения, кино-последовательности и отсроченное контрастирование. Результаты. По данным МРТ сердца ишемическое поражение сердца выявлено у 14 (30,4%) пациентов, миокардит у 12 (26,1%), гипертрофическая кардиомиопатия у 6 (13,0%). У 14 (30,4%) лиц отсроченное контрастирование при МРТ не определялось. При этом у 2 (4,3%) из последней группы пациентов на момент проведения МРТ выявлены типичные признаки синдрома такоцубо, у 12 (26,1%) МРТ соответствовала норме. Средний возраст больных с ишемическим генезом поражения миокарда был значимо меньше, чем у пациентов с неишемическим генезом (56,112,3 против 64,612,8; p=0,04). Подъем сегмента ST на электрокардиограмме выявлялся с одинаковой частотой у пациентов с ишемическим и неишемическим поражением миокарда (35,7% против 25,0%; p=0,76). При ишемическом поражении медиана уровня повышения тропонина составила 0,87 нг/мл [0,22; 1,85], при неишемическом поражении 0,22 нг/мл [0,07; 0,38]; p=0,008. Конкретный диагноз установлен у 73,9% пациентов. Заключение. Анализ серии наблюдений продемонстрировал, что клинико-лабораторные данные не позволяют поставить достоверный диагноз у пациентов с MINOCA. По данным МРТ сердца точный диагноз выявлен в большинстве случаев.

Purpose: The study attempts to determine the role of youth slang as a metastyle of modern communication in the development of the national written literary language as well as to reveal the socio-psychological, gender and linguistic conditioning of the usage of «interjargon».

Reforms in the public health service continue to receive disapproval from doctors for a number of reasons. Their expectations of improved financial standing have not been met. The basic component of wages did not increase commensurate with increased loads. Wage premiums and incentive payments are fully distributed by the institution’s chief physician by criteria not discussed in teams. While earning funds for domestic needs, medical institutions are not interested in providing doctors with any material or temporary opportunities for additional education. A doctor has to master all areas of practice in off-duty time at their own cost and expense. The requirements of the administration to the work of doctors often go against their traditional professional values and ethical norms. The combination of the existing working conditions and requirements of the administration contribute to increasing the level of dissatisfaction of doctors with their work, and their professional burnout. Dysfunctional management activities of the administration of medical institutions are short-sighted in nature and reduce the work motivation of doctors.

Background. Subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is known to be associated with maternal and child morbidity. The concept of subclinical dysfunction of the thyroid gland in pregnant women depends on the population-specific and trimester-specific reference values so fixed universal cutoff concentrations for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) that were recommended earlier now are put under the question. Population-specific and trimester-specific reference values have not been defined for pregnant women residing in Saint Petersburg. The data concerning the association of maternal thyroid status with GDM development are controversial. Aims. The aim of the study was to determine the reference values of TSH and free thyroxin (fT4) in the first trimester of pregnancy in women living in St. Petersburg, and to assess the relationship between thyroid status and the risk of subsequent development of GDM. Materials and methods. The levels of TSH, fT4 and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) were analyzed in 503 pregnant women before the 14th week of gestation. The women underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 2428 weeks to find out those with GDM. The association between thyroid function, thyroid autoimmunity and the risk of GDM we estimated. Results. The reference values for TSH were 0.07 4.40 mU /L, and for fT4 11.7 20.3 pmol/L. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in the 503 pregnant women was 16.9% according to the diagnostic criteria of TSH 2.5 mIU / L and 3.8% using our calculated reference interval. Hypothyroxinemia was registered in 5,3% using reference values recommended by diagnostic tests manufacturer and in 2,8% according to our calculated reference interval for fT4. GDM was diagnosed in 23% of women. Logistic regression analysis showed associations of hypothyroxinemia and TPO-Ab-positivity with the increased risk of GDM that remained significant after adjustments on age and body mass index (BMI) [adjusted OR (95% CI) = 7.39 (1.2742.93) for hypothyroxinemia, p=0.026; and adjusted OR (95% CI) = 2.02 (1.014.04) for TPO-Ab-positivity, p=0.047). Conclusions. Reference intervals for first trimester TSH and fT4 have been established for pregnant women living in St. Petersburg. Hypothyroxinemia and TPO-Ab-positivity were associated with the increased risk of GDM.

A partial reduction of the strained β-pyrrolidino-α,β-unsaturated trifluoromethyl ketones with LiAlH4 gives the corresponding α,β-unsaturated trifluoromethyl ketones. Their interaction with 1-(methyleneamino)pyrrolidine in the presence of Mg(ClO4)2 proceeds through the several intermediate steps to afford trifluoromethylated pyrroles, condensed with substituted cylobutene fragments.

Venous thromboembolic complications remain a widespread cause of mortality and disability in hospitalized patients both in surgery and primary care all over the world, despite the fact that medical and mechanical methods of prevention have been known for several decades.

The incorporation of glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) is a promising way to improve the accuracy of postprandial glycemic response (PPGR) prediction for personalized treatment of gestational diabetes (GDM). Our aim was to assess the prediction accuracy for PPGR prediction models with and without GI data in women with GDM and healthy pregnant women. The GI values were sourced from University of Sydney&rsquo, s database and assigned to a food database used in the mobile app DiaCompanion. Weekly continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data for 124 pregnant women (90 GDM and 34 control) were analyzed together with records of 1489 food intakes. Pearson correlation (R) was used to quantify the accuracy of predicted PPGRs from the model relative to those obtained from CGM. The final model for incremental area under glucose curve (iAUC120) prediction chosen by stepwise multiple linear regression had an R of 0.705 when GI/GL was included among input variables and an R of 0.700 when GI/GL was not included. In linear regression with coefficients acquired using regularization methods, which was tested on the data of new patients, R was 0.584 for both models (with and without inclusion of GI/GL). In conclusion, the incorporation of GI and GL only slightly improved the accuracy of PPGR prediction models when used in remote monitoring.

The review focused on a relatively new issue, myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). According to current ideas, almost 6% of all myocardial infarction (MI) cases may be MINOCA. This term can be used both as a “working diagnosis” at the time of further evaluation and a final diagnosis after establishing a cause for each specific case. Since some variants of cardiac, including non-coronary, pathology may be similar to MI in a number of signs, each individual case of MINOCA requires specification. Among major causes for this condition are vasospasm, CA embolism, spontaneous CA dissection, rupture of an eccentric atherosclerotic plaque in a CA, etc. Diagnostics of MINOCA includes both a set of diagnostic tests for verification of the MI diagnosis according to the Fourth Universal Definition of MI and specific studies for elaboration of the disease etiology. A special role in differential diagnostics belongs to gadolinium-enhanced magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI) of the myocardium, which allows to distinguish between MI and non-ischemic myocardial injury of different genesis. Methods of intravascular visualization, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound are also important. Commonly accepted guidelines on the treatment of this pathology consistent with current ideas are not available. However, it is obvious that therapeutic possibilities and prognosis for MINOCA depend on the identified cause in each individual case.

China’s economic growth is one of the most important sources of growth and stabilization of the world economy. Currently, the state has accelerated investment in new infrastructure programs. In addition to traditional infrastructure projects, the Chinese initiative is aimed at developing new technologies.Despite the new coronavirus pandemic, China’s GDP is growing quite fast today. The main support for various sectors of the economy is provided by the state and gives priority to domestic consumption demand, rather than external demand. In the construction industry, investments are increasing in infrastructure projects that contain the idea of modernizing the industry and introducing innovative technologies, including: Bcore CTS construction technology; BIM technologies; 3D printing construction technology; construction technologies using “green concrete”, and modular construction technologies continue to improve. The success of China’s economic reforms is facilitated by the fact that the state focuses on education, among other things, and this has resulted in many highly skilled workers who are able to effectively solve problems in the construction sector. Education reform and the use of new technologies contribute to the rapid development of the construction industry in China.

The article presents one of the methods for assessing the risk of electrical equipment accidents at an oil and gas production and transportation enterprise, in order to improve the smooth operation and efficiency of the use of electrical and technological equipment of oil fields. As an example, the operation of a rod pump is considered.. The concept of a systematic approach for risk analysis at industrial enterprises is proposed.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a well-known complication of many conditions associated with emotional or physical stress. Abnormal catecholamine release has been hypothesized to be the main cause of TCM. Myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with release of large amounts of catecholamines. We present here two cases in which patients simultaneously suffered from acute MI and TCM. In these elderly women without prior history of severe somatic diseases we have not revealed any external stressing factor responsible for the initiation of the disease. Therefore, we have considered primary coronary event (acute MI) to be a triggering factor of TCM manifestation.

This article gives an author’s interpretation of a Russian single-industry town, in which the key factor in the socio-economic development of a territory is the successful development of a town-forming enterprise. It is proved that the development of single-industry towns can be promoted by the development of small innovative entrepreneurship. One of the promising forms of small business development may be the construction industry, which is one of the most promising industries in Russia. The main social functions of small business in the construction industry are highlighted.

In recent years, the surgical treatment of DTG includes extirpation of the thyroid gland that can lead to the development of postoperative hypocalcemia, which causes of development are under study. Up to now, there are no clear recommendations for prophylaxis of postoperative hypocalcemia. In this connection, it is actually to carry out additional research to explore the methods of prophylaxis of postoperative hypocalcemia. The study involved 57 patients with diffuse toxic goiter, who had extirpation of the thyroid gland in period from 2010 until 2015. According to results of the performed study, it has been shown that prophylactic administration of preparations of calcium and vitamin D reduces the risk of postoperative hypocalcemia for patients with vitamin D deficiency.

A series of chloroalkynes activated with extremely strong electron withdrawing polyfluoroalkyloxalyl substituents were prepared for the first time from available bis(trimethylstannyl) acetylene and the corresponding acid chlorides. Hexafluoroisopropyl ester, thus obtained, probably proved to be the most electrophilic alkyne known so far. It is not only extremely strong dienophile in the Diels-Alder reaction, but undergoes the unusual uncatalyzed [2+2]-cycloaddition reactions with simple alkenes under very mild conditions.

The research that has been carried out in the 30 years since the discovery of hepatitis E virus (HEV) has proven that autochthonous HEV is present in nonepidemic areas: Europe and Russia. Monitoring of the HEV antibodies (anti-HEV) among the Russian population has discovered regions with increased seroprevalence, which testifies to a high probability of local HEV infection in these areas. Coming into contact with HEV is especially dangerous for patients in risk groups. In this work, blood-sera testing was carried out to assess the presence of anti-HEV among these contingents (groups). Seropositive sera from patients from regions with high anti-HEV seroprevalence, patients in risk groups, samples with high probability of HEV occurrence including the animals as possible reservoir, have been used for RNA extraction. A system has been developed of HEV RNA detection both in real-time RT-PCR and in a nested PCR variant has confirmed its sensitivity to the synthetic reference templates and positive control samples in a commercial test system (Genesis, United Kingdom). HEV RNA was absent in all tested samples. This indicates a low frequency of the autochthonous HEV carriage occurrence. Sampling enlargement to tens of thousands persons is necessary for significant HEV RN detection.

The solution of the problems facing the modern Russian society largely depends on the beliefs, expectations, values and attitudes of people that determine their attitude to innovation, content, effectiveness and efficiency of various activities. Social adaptation (active inclusion in the social environment) of the individual assumes as a necessary condition the achievement of a certain level of social competence. The modern social environment has a significant impact on the process of personality formation, causing certain contradictions: on the one hand, socio-cultural modernization necessitates a new approach to the problem of social self-realization of the individual, requiring increased human activity as a subject of social life, taking responsibility for their activities and behavior, but, on the other hand, the instability of modern society increases the natural difficulties of growing up; the situation of uncertainty leads to deformation of personal development, disadaptation in society. Modernization of the education system has led to changes in the content, forms, methods and technologies of education, in connection with which there was a need to assess the results of the functioning of the education system. Analyzing the quality of a modern specialist training, researchers increasingly began to turn to the competencies formed during studying, among which an important place is occupied by social competence, estimated as the most important indicator of professional competence of a specialist in general, and in particular, in the field of economic, labor, social relations., A solução dos problemas enfrentados pela sociedade russa moderna depende em grande parte das crenças, expectativas, valores e atitudes das pessoas que determinam sua atitude em relação à inovação, conteúdo, eficácia e eficiência de várias atividades. A adaptação social (inclusão ativa no ambiente social) do indivíduo assume como condição necessária a conquista de um certo nível de competência social. O ambiente social moderno tem um impacto significativo no processo de formação da personalidade, causando certas contradições: por um lado, a modernização sociocultural requer uma nova abordagem para o problema da auto- realização social do indivíduo, exigindo maior atividade humana como sujeito da vida social, assumindo a responsabilidade por suas atividades e comportamentos, mas, por outro lado, a instabilidade da sociedade moderna aumenta as dificuldades naturais de crescer; a situação de incerteza leva à deformação do desenvolvimento pessoal, à desadaptação na sociedade. A modernização do sistema educacional levou a mudanças no conteúdo, formas, métodos e tecnologias da educação, em relação às quais havia a necessidade de avaliar os resultados do funcionamento do sistema educacional. Analisando a qualidade de um treinamento especializado moderno, os pesquisadores começaram a recorrer cada vez mais às competências formadas durante o estudo, entre as quais um lugar importante é ocupado pela competência social, estimado como o indicador mais importante da competência profissional de um especialista em geral e, em particular, , no campo das relações econômicas, trabalhistas e sociais., La solución de los problemas que enfrenta la sociedad rusa moderna depende en gran medida de las creencias, expectativas, valores y actitudes de las personas que determinan su actitud hacia la innovación, el contenido, la efectividad y la eficiencia de diversas actividades. La adaptación social (inclusión activa en el entorno social) del individuo supone como condición necesaria el logro de un cierto nivel de competencia social. El entorno social moderno tiene un impacto significativo en el proceso de formación de la personalidad, causando ciertas contradicciones: por un lado, la modernización sociocultural requiere un nuevo enfoque del problema de la autorrealización social del individuo, que requiere una mayor actividad humana como un sujeto de la vida social, asumiendo la responsabilidad de sus actividades y comportamiento, pero, por otro lado, la inestabilidad de la sociedad moderna aumenta las dificultades naturales de crecer; La situación de incertidumbre conduce a la deformación del desarrollo personal, la desadaptación en la sociedad. La modernización del sistema educativo ha llevado a cambios en el contenido, las formas, los métodos y las tecnologías de la educación, en relación con lo cual era necesario evaluar los resultados del funcionamiento del sistema educativo. Analizando la calidad de una formación especializada moderna, los investigadores comenzaron a recurrir cada vez más a las competencias formadas durante el estudio, entre las cuales un lugar importante está ocupado por la competencia social, estimado como el indicador más importante de la competencia profesional de un especialista en general, y en particular , en el campo de las relaciones económicas, laborales, sociales.

The modern equipment for preparation and transportation of cement mortals needs professional service and, first of all, in its washing up from the rests of cement after operation. Increasing volumes of the waters used for these purposes, demand working out of technologies of their clearing of the weighed and dissolved substances, correction рН, recyclings of deposits, etc. The waters formed after a sink of the concrete-mixing equipment, represent difficult diphasic system. The liquid phase of such waters is the concentrated solution of silicates, aluminates and ferrite of calcium, sodium and potassium, and also their alkalis. The firm phase consisting of not dissolved parts of clinker, is present at these waters in significant amounts and is hydrolyzed within solubility of its separate components. Insoluble parts клинкера in water adsorb various ions, their surface gets defined ξ potential which size the aggregative stability of suspension depends on. In the given work physical and chemical characteristics of sewage form washing of concrete mixing equipment are investigated. The technological possibilities of chemical treatment of sewage by acids, hydrocarbonate of sodium and gaseous carbon dioxide for purpose of depression of the general salt content in these waters and their use in technological process as the turnaround are analysed.

The reactions of 4-chloro-1,1,1-trifluorobut-3-yn-2-one and 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobut-3-yn-2-one with conjugated dienes afford [4+2] cycloadducts in high yields. The halogen atom in the products is readily replaced by a (het)aryl residue in the cross-coupling with organozinc compounds.

The duration of elementary eruption process and intervals between them for flares of different importance have been determined based on the photometric data for flares, observed by a TRACE spacecraft at a wavelength of 195 A. It has been revealed that the values of these parameters increase with increasing flare importance. It is assumed that the appearance of elementary nonstationary flare centers correlates with the origination of solitons at self-organized criticality.