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Nowadays, due to economic crisis, the number of "abandoned", empty or dilapidated listed or historic buildings of Greek cities and settlements is constantly increasing. In order to protect and enhance the Greek tangible cultural heritage, it is necessary to promote actions that give motives to owners or users of historic buildings to preserve them, by providing tools and financial support in the particularly increased costs of restoration and consolidation works of their necessary continuous maintenance. The program “Preserve” introduced by the Hellenic Ministry of Environment and Energy, and more specifically the General Secretariat of Spatial Planning & Urban Environment, relates to interventions in designated as listed or monuments or buildings within historic sites and traditional settlements and historic buildings. The interventions will include facade cleaning (with gentle water jet to remove air pollutants or anti-graffiti painting for protection against vandalism), works in order to preserve the shell of the buildings so as to avoid it’s partial or total collapse, restoration of facades and restoration of the interior of the buildings. Along with the activation of the Digital Land Bank, the Building Rights Transfer, the Single Digital Map, and the Digital Building Identity etc., it will offer the owners of the listed buildings a holistic solution for the protection and enhancement of the tangible cultural heritage of Greece.

Introduction:In our solar system, material mixing at large scales has been occurred due to the transportation of bodies at different heliocentric distances from the ones they were formed during major dynamical events, such as the giant planet instability. However, material mixing happens also at smaller scales at the surfaces of planets or small bodies during hypervelocity collisions, with the latter population acting as impactors. Since the small bodies in our solar system were formed in different locations and times they have diverse mineralogical composition which is reflected in their albedo values and in their spectral signature. The most outstanding discovery of exogenous material was done by the OSIRIS-REx (NASA) and Hayabusa2 (JAXA) sample return space missions on the surfaces of the dark primitive near-Earth asteroids (NEA) Bennu and Ryugu respectively. The impact contamination should have happened while both asteroids were still residing in the inner Main Belt (IMB) before they were delivered to the near-Earth space. This is because of the large number of potential projectiles available and the time that Bennu and Ruygu spent in the IMB. OSIRIS-REx identified bright boulders with pyroxene composition compatible with the spectrum of the V-type asteroid Vesta [1]. Unlike with the contamination on asteroid Ryugu [2], the bright boulders of Bennu point to a unique impactor source, the family of Vesta in the IMB.Methods and Results:In order to study the impact contamination on Bennu’s parent body, we performed hypervelocity impact experiments at different speeds. As targets we used CM2 simulant rocks. Following the latest discoveries of the surface properties of asteroid Bennu [3] the new Bennu simulant targets were built with ~50% porosity, advancing from our pioneering work [4]. As impactors we used eucrite meteorite and forsterite olivine projectiles. In this work we demonstrated that eucrite material can be indeed effectively implanted on Bennu-like targets. We will present the experimental campaign using the 2-stage light-gas gun of the University of Kent, the crater analysis, the ejecta production and the material contamination. Fig 1: Eucrite projectile is embedded at the bottom of the crater on Bennu simulant material.Acknowledgments: We acknowledge support from the ANR ORIGINS (ANR-18-CE31-13-0014).References: [1] DellaGiustina D. et al. 2021, Nature Astronomy, 5, p. 31-38[2] Tatsumi E. et al. 2021, Nature Astronomy, 5, p. 39-45[3] Cambioni S. et. al, 2021, Nature, 598, Issue 7879, p.49-52[4] Avdellidou C. et al. 2020, Icarus, 341, article id. 113648.

The lack of defined land uses in most parts of Greece (80%) has led to multiple environmental problems and phenomena of informal (arbitrary) construction with secondary side effects, such as a lack of basic technical and environmental infrastructure, unfair competition among private investors, the strengthening of climate change (increase in the number of urban diffusion) and the decline of natural and cultural resources. The Greek urban policy, over the last 100 years, has not succeeded in limiting these problems and for that reason the new Law 4759/2020 is expected to promote the development of a more efficient spatial planning system reform implemented through the Local Urban Plans (LUPs) and the Special Urban Plans (SUPs) that are funded by the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF). These programs will contribute to the preservation of cultural heritage and to the development of productive activities at both local and national levels, especially on the sectors of renewable energy sources, the circular economy, and the construction of “green” materials, digital applications and products etc. LUPs and SUPs are related to the holistic reform of the national urban policy and the relevant planning system that horizontally affects a wide range of policy areas such as: environmental protection and adaptation to climate change (for natural ecosystems and biodiversity; agriculture; forestry; fisheries; water resources; coastal zones), built environment and development, protection of historic sites and buildings, allocation of the public infrastructure, allocation of investments etc. The General Secretariat of Spatial Planning and Urban Environment Ministry of Environment and Energy has the main responsibility for the implementation procedures of all the proposed actions that will start in 2022 and will end in 2026. This paper focuses on the analysis of the current urban policy reform in Greece and the reasons that this reform is considered an immediate necessity in the current Greek urban legislative framework and the expected outcomes of LUPs and SUPs, which are examined in the literature for the first time, contributing to research on the present EU planning systems.

Mitochondria are considered the 'powerhouses' of cells, generating the essential energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate that they need for their energy demands. Nevertheless, their function is easily adaptable as regards the energy demands and the availability of chemical substrates. This allows cells to buffer sudden changes and reassure cellular metabolism, growth or survival. Currently, humans have different dietary habits, which provide several stimuli to the cell. According to the energy substrate availability due to the diet quality and diet temporality, mitochondrial physiology is greatly affected. The present review article aimed to collect all the available information that has been published to date concerning the impact of five different popular diets (high‑fat diet, ketogenic diet, fasting, caloric restriction diet and the Mediterranean diet) on specific mitochondrial physiological aspects, such as function, biogenesis, mitophagy and mitochondrial fission/fusion.

O artigo examina dez entidades do terceiro setor de Paranavaí-PR e região, no intuito de compreender suas principais características, tipos de serviços prestados, demandas, problemas, questões financeiras e contábeis e como participam nas comunidades em que estão inseridas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, qualitativa, de estudos de casos múltiplos, cujas informações foram obtidas através de questionário e entrevistas. Os resultados revelaram que em sua maioria, as entidades estudadas oferecem serviços de acolhimento, educacionais, profissionais e de saúde. Todas enfrentam dificuldades tanto em relação a recursos não financeiros, quanto financeiros, como doações, para sua própria manutenção. Verificou-se que escritórios contábeis compõem parte importante do cotidiano das entidades, pois contribuem para a prestação de contas e rotinas burocráticas. Além disso, verifica-se uma relação intrínseca com a esfera pública, que por meio de editais oferece recursos destinados ao aprimoramento da estrutura vigente. Não obstante, sua participação social tem sido estimulada por meio de esforços de divulgação fundamentados em mídias sociais e veículos diversos, bem como eventos beneficentes para atrair a atenção de doadores e divulgar o trabalho realizado.

Εισαγωγή: Πολλοί παράγοντες συσχετίζονται με διαταραχές ψυχικής υγείας στον παιδικό και εφηβικό πληθυσμό.Σκοπός: Η διερεύνηση παραγόντων που σχετίζονται συγχρονικά με αποκλίσεις ψυχικής υγεία παιδιών 7 και 18 ετών, παραγόντων από τη γέννηση, την παιδική ηλικία και την εφηβεία που σχετίζονται διαχρονικά με αποκλίσεις ψυχικής υγείας των εφήβων. Η διερεύνηση των διαφορών γονέων - εφήβων στην αναφορά προβλημάτων ψυχικής υγείας των εφήβων.Μεθοδολογία: Η συλλογή του πληθυσμού έγινε στα πλαίσια της Διαχρονικής Μελέτης της Υγείας των Ελληνοπαίδων στη γέννηση, τα 7 και 18 έτη. Για την εκτίμηση της ψυχικής υγείας στα 7 χρησιμοποιήθηκε η κλίμακα του Rutter και στα 18 η κλίμακα του Achenbach. Ανεξάρτητες μεταβλητές είναι βιολογικοί, κοινωνικοί και οικογενειακοί παράγοντες από τις 3 περιόδους.Αποτελέσματα: Το φύλο, η μονογονεϊκή οικογένεια, το χρόνιο πρόβλημα υγείας παιδιού, η σωματική τιμωρία, η έλλειψη ενδιαφέροντος και το στρες των γονέων, η απουσία φίλων, οι επικίνδυνες συμπεριφορές σχετίζονται σημαντικά με. αποκλίσεις συμπεριφοράς, συναισθήματος των παιδιών. Τα προβλήματα συναισθήματος και συμπεριφοράς στα 7 συσχετίστηκαν με αντίστοιχα προβλήματα στα 18.Οι βαθμολογίες των εφήβων ήταν υψηλότερες από τις βαθμολογίες των γονέων, η διαφορά τους σχετίζεται με την οικογενειακή κατάσταση, την εργασία της μητέρας, την ελλιπή γονεϊκή εποπτεία, το φύλο.Συζήτηση: Στον πληθυσμό που μελετήθηκε παρατηρήθηκε συσχέτιση των προβλημάτων συμπεριφοράς στην παιδική ηλικία, με αντίστοιχες διαταραχές στην εφηβεία, ιδιαιτέρως για τα κορίτσια. Γενικότερα το φύλο συμβάλλει σε αποκλίσεις συμπεριφοράς πιθανότατα λόγω πολιτισμικών επιρροών. Επιπλέον σε μονογονεϊκές οικογένειες ίσως λόγω της διαδικασίας του χωρισμού και της διαταραγμένης φροντίδας, τα παιδιά παρουσιάζουν αυξημένο κίνδυνο εμφάνισης προβλημάτων συμπεριφοράςΚαθ’ όλη τη διάρκεια της παιδικής ηλικίας ακόμη και η ήπια σωματική τιμωρία, αποτελεί μορφή κακοποίησης και σχετίζεται με αρνητικές συμπεριφορές. Η συνολική εποπτεία της ζωής των παιδιών μπορεί μέσω της βοήθειας των γονέων, να βοηθήσει τα παιδιά να ενταχθούν στην κοινωνία. Η έλλειψη ενδιαφέροντος των γονέων για τις δραστηριότητες ενός παιδιού συνέβαλε σημαντικά στην εμφάνιση αποκλίσεων συμπεριφοράς. Αξίζει να σημειωθεί ο ρόλος του στρες των γονέων στις αποκλίσεις συμπεριφοράς και συναισθήματος των εφήβων.Για τα παιδιά η συναναστροφή με συνομηλίκους και η δημιουργία φιλικών σχέσεων είναι σημαντικές και ασκούν μεγάλη επιρροή στην εφηβεία γιατί έτσι αποκτούν κοινωνική στήριξη. Βέβαια υπάρχει πάντα η πιθανότητα εμφάνισης επικίνδυνων συμπεριφορών που παρουσιάζουν αμφίδρομη σχέση με τα προβλήματα ψυχικής υγείας.Δεδομένου ότι στην πρώιμη ανίχνευση των διαταραχών της ψυχοκοινωνικής ανάπτυξης στηρίζεται η πρόληψη των ψυχικών διαταραχών αργότερα, τα ευρήματα της μελέτης αποτελούν σημαντικό βοήθημα για τους παιδιάτρους και τους γονείς. Η έγκαιρη επισήμανση τους μπορεί να διευκολύνει τις παρεμβάσεις για την εξομάλυνσή τους.

Tissue hypoxia is one of the main pathophysiologic mechanisms in sepsis and particularly in COVID-19. Microvascular dysfunction, endothelialitis and alterations in red blood cell hemorheology are all implicated in severe COVID-19 hypoxia and multiorgan dysfunction. Tissue hypoxia results in tissue injury and remodeling with re-emergence of fetal programming via hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1a)-dependent and -independent pathways. In this context, thyroid hormone (TH), a critical regulator of organ maturation, may be of relevance in preventing fetal-like hypoxia-induced remodeling in COVID-19 sepsis. Acute triiodothyronine (T3) treatment can prevent cardiac remodeling and improve recovery of function in clinical settings of hypoxic injury as acute myocardial infarction and by-pass cardiac surgery. Furthermore, T3 administration prevents tissue hypoxia in experimental sepsis. On the basis of this evidence, the use of T3 treatment was proposed for ICU (Intensive Care Unit) COVID-19 patients (Thy-Support, NCT04348513). The rationale for T3 therapy in severe COVID-19 and preliminary experimental and clinical evidence are discussed in this review.

Slag is an important part of steelmaking with the AOD (Argon Oxygen Decarburization) process. In this work the focus was on developing a methodology for characterizing phases in slagsamples obtained after decarburization, reduction and desulphurization. Six samples from two heats, or batches, (heat A and B) were prepared by baking in Bakelite and polishing. These were analysed in SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), with BSE (Backscattered Electrons) and EDS (Energy Dispersive XraySpectroscopy). Images from BSE were then processed inImageJ with a denoise method for advanced fraction analysis. Average composition for each noticed phase analysed with EDS is presented in element tables. A systematic portraying of the cross section was performed on samples from heat B. This gave a more in-depth composition and fraction analysis. Due to the nature of slag, scratches were often induced during polishing.The negative effect of these scratches could be reduced with the denoise method in the fraction analysis. There are three main phases in each stage of the AOD process with similar composition and structure between the two heats. Results showed the importance of measuring different zones of the slag due to its heterogeneity. More specifically, at least four random images from the cross section were required for accurate fraction analysis of samples after decarburization. Overall, the methodology for characterization was sufficient for samples after decarburization and desulphurization. Slagg är en viktig del av ståltillverkning med AOD-processen (Argon Oxygen Decarburization). Fokus i detta arbete var att utveckla en metod för att karakterisera faser i slaggprover erhållna efter avkolning, reduktion och avsvavling. Sex prover från två batcher (batch A och B) förbereddes genom bakning i bakelit och polering. Dessa prover analyserades i SEM (Svepelektronmikroskop), med BSE (Backscattered Electrons) och EDS (Energy Dispersive X­ray Spectroscopy). Bilder från BSE bearbetades sedan i ImageJ med en denoise-­metod för avancerad fraktionsanalys. Genomsnittlig sammansättning för varje fas analyserad med EDS presenteras i elementtabeller. En systematisk undersökning av heterogenitet hos slagg utfördes på prover från batch B. Detta gav en mer noggrann komposition och fraktionsanalys. På grund av slaggens karaktär uppkom ofta repor under poleringen. Den negativa effekten av dessa repor kunde minskas med denoise-­metoden i fraktionsanalysen. Det finns tre huvudfaser i varje steg i AOD-­processen med liknande sammansättning och struktur för de två batcherna. Resultaten visade betydelsen av att mäta slaggprovet i olika zoner på grund av dess heterogenitet. Mer specifikt krävdes minst fyra slumpmässiga bilder från tvärsnittet för noggrann fraktionsanalys av prover efter avkolning. Sammantaget var metoden för karaterisering av slagger tillräcklig för prover efter avkolning och avsvavling.

Modelling of micron-scale impacts into Indium as a soft capture surface: preparing for Enceladus transit [FOR A MUCH HIGHER QUALITY PDF VERSION GO TO http://astro.kent.ac.uk/EPSC2020_37.pdf] M. C. Price (1), J. S. New (1, 2), V. Spathis (1), R. A. Mathies (3), A. L. Butterworth (2) and P. J. Wozniakiewicz (1).(1) School of Physical Sciences, Uni. of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NH, UK. (2) Space Sciences Lab., Uni. of California, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA. (3) Department of Chemistry, Uni. of California, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA. E-mail: mcp21@kent.ac.uk, jamesnew@berkeley.edu Abstract In preparation for a potential transit through the plumes of Enceladus we report on progress made in the modelling of impacts into indium as a soft capture surface. Using a modified Cowper-Symonds strength model, we have been able to successfully reproduce the impacts of PMMA spheres which were used as ice analogue projectiles. Introduction Enceladus is, arguably, one of the locations in the Solar System where we might expect to find life, or an indication of complex pre-biotic molecules: it has a sub-surface ocean which is spewing molecules into space which could be captured and analysed using in situ techniques such as the Enceladus Organic Analyzer [1] on-board either a fly-by or (preferably) orbiter mission. In preparation for such a mission the authors in [2] fired micron-sized PMMA particles (as ice analogues) at speeds of 1 – 3 km s-1 into a range of metal targets to try and identify which material would be best suited as a capture surface. The conclusion was that indium (from a selection of gold, silver, copper and aluminium) was the best capture medium as it retained the greatest unmodified percentage of the original PMMA particles. The next step in the project is to simulate these impacts so that parameters such as peak pressure and temperatures can be modelled to determine any potential modification to the impacting organic molecules. Once successful, this model can then be used for the simulation of icy impactors. Modelling PMMA impacts into In. Indium is a very soft (at room temperature), fairly inert material and could easily be space-qualified for a potential capture surface. Lots of data exist on the low strain-rate strength of indium (i.e. its creep strength) but at the impact speeds likely to be encountered at Enceladus (0.1 – 2 km s-1) and the size of the impacting particles (~6 μm), the strain-rate, , expected is ~v/d ~ 108 s-1. At such strain-rates the strength of a material can be more than an order of magnitude higher than its quasi-static strength [3, 4]. Unfortunately, no data could be found for the high strain-rate strength dependence of indium. We therefore follow the approach taken successfully in modelling similar impacts into aluminium, tantalum and copper [5, 6] and assume that the strain-rate behaviour of indium follows a similar pattern (which is probably a justifiable assumption given that indium behaves as a FCC material). From the results in [2] (replotted in Fig. 1) the crater diameter for PMMA impacts into indium is seen to be a non-linear function of the particle size and impact velocity, thus indicating a strain-rate strength dependence. A further interesting observation from [2] was that the capture efficiency (i.e. the amount of the projectile retained in the crater) peaked at approx. 1 km s-1 for indium, but decreased for lower velocities. This decrease occurs as the PMMA projectiles bounced off the target’s surface, leaving a dent but very little detectable residue, and this behaviour is replicated in the modelling using the strength models described here for PMMA and indium. A modified Cowper-Symonds strength model [5, 6, 7] was used for both PMMA and indium. The Cowper-Symonds model has a strain-rate strength dependence which scales as the power of the strain-rate, unlike similar constitutive models (i.e. Johnson-Cook) where the strain-rate strength dependence is logarithmic. To account for melting of the target material we used a modified version of the Cowper-Symonds equation (written as a user sub-routine in AUTODYN) which also incorporates a thermal softening term, τ: where Yo is the quasi-static yield strength (Pa), ε is the strain, (ε^dot) , is the strain rate (s-1), D and q are constants controlling the strain-rate dependence (determined by fits to experimental strain rate data), B is the strain hardening constant (Pa) and n is the strain hardening exponent, τ is the thermal softening term: where T is the physical temperature (K) and Ta is the ambient reference temperature (assumed 300 K) at which the quasi-static yield stress, Yo, was measured. Tm is the effective melting point (K). Note, as AUTODYN does not use the latent heat of fusion in its calculation of temperature, an effective melting temperature is calculated by taking the latent heat of fusion and dividing by the specific heat capacity and adding that to the literature melting point. This corrects for the problem of materials becoming too soft from being overly thermally softened. The model values for PMMA and Indium are given in Table 1. Finally, in order to stop the yield strength becoming un-physically high at very high strain rates, the maximum yield strength is capped at 5 GPa. Interestingly, the increase in strength of the PMMA during an impact is controlled almost entirely by strain-hardening, and only has a very weak strain-rate dependence. This is the opposite of indium, which has (at 300 K) virtually no strain hardening. However, it is speculated that at cryogenic temperatures (~150 K) this may no longer be the case, but experiments are required to confirm this. Note: equation-of-state and strength parameters for PMMA were extracted from [8, 9, 10, 11].

In Greece, Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) runs under two main policy contexts that are defined by the age of children. There is Preprimary Education (Nipiagogeia) where children can enroll at the age of four. Nipiagogeia lies within the jurisdiction of the Hellenic Ministry of Education and Religious Affairs. Before the age of four, children can enroll in Infant/Child Centres (Vrefonipiakoi Stathmoi) and Child Centres (Paidikoi Stathmoi). These run under the remit of Local Municipal Authorities. These centres cater to children between the ages of six months and up to five years old.

Expressed communication involves one-way or two-way exchanges ( Berger and Riojas-Cortez, 2016 ). Two-way communication involves interactive dialogue between teachers and parents aiming at the exchange of information but also at active participation and engagement. The process of setting this communication in place starts from the first day -when parents or guardians visit the early childhood settings in order to register their children - and lasts for the whole year.

As there are no statutory guidelines and limited research on Greek Pre-primary practitioners’ experiences and views on partnerships with parents, this exploratory study aims to explore what practitioners feel about the purpose and key features of this collaboration. This exploratory study investigates practitioners’ thoughts on what makes partnership with parents effective, what are some possible barriers and what are some precise practices in place.

This work presents a simple and efficient preparation method for microperoxidase-11 (MP11) modified mesoporous SnO2 films on ITO glass substrates (MP11/DDAB/SnO2/ITO) for the development of a sensitive electrochemical drug sensor for the determination of antimalarial endoperoxide artemisinin (ART). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy were used to characterize the resultant modified electrodes. The properties of the electrode enable a high MP11 loading to be achieved in a stable and functional way allowing the direct reduction and oxidation of the immobilized undeca-peptide. The MP11 modified electrodes exhibited significant catalytic activity for the electrochemical reduction of ART around −0.43 V vs. Ag/AgCl in NaH2PO4 pH 7 buffer by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The results showed a sensitive response; the cathodic catalytic current was linearly proportional to the concentration of ART in the range 0–150 μM (R = 0.9895) when using DPV with a limit of detection of 17 μM. This type of sensor has demonstrated good repeatability, reproducibility and stability and was found to be applicable for use in determining ART concentrations in extracts from the plant Artemisia annua purchased from local pharmaceutical stores. Finally due to the optical transparency of the SnO2 film electrodes, the reaction of immobilized MP11 with ART was also monitored using UV-vis spectroscopy indicating the formation of MP11/ART adducts on the surface of the film electrode.

Cycle-tourism seems to be an emerging touristic model in many countries, including Greece. Although the infrastructure is limited, entrepreneurship can support the development of such tourism sector, as cycle-tourists have specific needs to be met during an excursion. Thus, it would be helpful if stores that meet specific prerequisites could be certificated as cycle-friendly companies. In order for such certification to be developed, it is necessary for those parameters to be defined. This paper focuses on that topic and such criteria were identified through in-depth interviews with cycle-tourists and cycle-tour operators. Through this research, conclusions were derived about the criteria according to which cycle-tourists in Greece select stores and accommodation during an excursion. Those selection parameters were transcribed to indicators that will be used in order to develop the certification at the next phase of the research. Moreover, conclusions were compared with outcomes of similar international studies. It was found that cycle-tourists are interested in specific services, regardless of the country in which they live or travel. Besides conventional touristic activities, the importance of small retail stores in remote villages acting as meeting points with local people and culture was highlighted.