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Much of the American response to the COVID-19 pandemic was characterized by a divergence between general public opinion and public health policy. With little attention paid to individuals incarcerated during this time, there is limited direct evidence regarding how incarcerated people perceived efforts to mediate the harms of COVID-19. Prisons operate as a microcosm of society in many ways but they also face unique public health challenges. This study examines vaccine hesitancy-and acceptance-among a sample of individuals incarcerated within adult prisons in Pennsylvania. Using administrative records as well as rich attitudinal data from a survey of the incarcerated population, this study identifies a variety of social and historical factors that are-and are not-associated with an incarcerated persons willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Our findings highlight vaccination challenges unique to the carceral context and offer policy recommendations to improve trust in credible health messengers and health service provision for this often overlooked but vulnerable population.

Purpose: The impact of a sedentary lifestyle on health and well-being is well recognized. However, there is limited understanding of how a lifetime of physical activity and sedentary behaviour influences an active lifestyle in older adults. The aim of this study was to describe how lived experience of physical activity and sedentary behaviour impacts daily activities among older adults, from a life course perspective. Methods: Qualitative content analysis was used; individual telephone interviews were conducted with fourteen older adults aged 71 to 92 years. The participants received initial support from community care and lived in ordinary housing in southern Sweden. Results: The interviews yielded one theme, "Navigating with an embodied activity compass," and two sub-themes: "Being guided by the past" and "Unveiling pathways through body awareness." Conclusions: Our study highlights how older adults' lived experiences of physical activity, with their connections to body awareness and acceptance, impact daily physical activity. These findings offer new knowledge for clinical practitioners balancing recommendations of sedentary behaviour and physical activity, to promote healthy daily physical activity among older adults. Future research and policies should consider the lived experiences of older adults when addressing public health matters related to sedentary behaviour and physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Belonging is personal and political. As a fundamental human need, belonging is about self-acceptance and about feeling “accepted” by others. And yet, this process of acceptance is inextricably tied to structures of power that work to include and exclude. Structures of whiteness within higher education systems, for example, relegate low-income, first-generation-to-college students of color to the margins and undermine their capacity and desire to belong. This makes the task of developing institutional practices that foster belonging complex. Such a task prompts important questions about what “acceptance” looks like. For example, in what ways can practices of acceptance attend to existing power structures? Under what conditions can acceptance occur so as not to solely expect students to assimilate or to silence important parts of themselves? How can practices of acceptance recognize the diverse belonging needs of marginalized students and the politics surrounding those needs? To answer these questions, I utilize frameworks that reveal the paradoxes of belonging—the push and pull of being accepted in spaces that marginalize the self. Specifically, drawing from a place-belongingness and politics of belonging framework, I first provide a foundation for understanding the personal and political components of belonging for marginalized students. I then review harmful institutional practices of “acceptance” and discuss more transformative practices that sustain students’ cultural identities. Illuminating the personal and political facets of what it means to be accepted provides a pathway for reimaging who can, wants, and gets to belong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The distinct techno‐functional and sensory attributes conferred by milk proteins and fat are fundamental in defining the structure, texture and flavour of dairy products. Thus, reproducing cheese‐like characteristics in plant‐based alternatives while ensuring consumer acceptance is a major challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the sensory profile of commercial cream cheese and plant‐based analogues, quantifying consumer perception and discrimination, and correlating with instrumental texture analysis. For that, two milk‐based (MB1 and MB2) and three plant‐based products (PB1, PB2 and PB3) were evaluated for their proximate composition, texture profile (spreadability and firmness) and sensory properties by combining Flash Profile method (n = 13), Check‐All‐That‐Apply (CATA) test, and Rate‐all‐that‐apply (RATA) test (n = 102) with global acceptance. Milk‐based cream cheeses (MB1 and MB2) did not differ significantly from each other and presented greater spreadability when compared to all plant‐based cream cheeses (PB1, PB2 and PB3). The texture parameters of the samples were inversely related: the greater the firmness, the lower the spreadability. All forty‐two sensory attributes allowed discrimination of the samples into three distinct clusters, with no difference between the milk‐based products. The results of the CATA test showed that the attributes most correlated with the sample MB1 were the most desirable for good acceptance of the product. In turn, PB3 showed lower acceptance scores when compared to the plant‐based samples PB1 and PB2, and the attributes rancid flavour, vegetable oil aroma and nut aroma mostly contributed to the lower acceptance of PB3. Milk‐based products were very close to the ideal product, presenting a creamy and spreadable texture as key attributes for product characterisation and acceptance. The results of RATA test showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the intensity of nineteen sensory attributes. Milk‐based cream cheeses were more accepted than their plant‐based counterparts. The instrumental assessments of firmness and spreadability exhibited a negative correlation, once they were inversely proportional and strongly correlated to sensory data of firm and spreadable texture, respectively. The sensory characteristics of cream cheese analogues may present a barrier to their acceptance by consumers. Attributes such as coconut and flour flavour, artificial cheese aroma and flavour, and spreadable texture played a key role in differentiating dairy products from plant‐based ones, contributing to the lower acceptance of the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vehicle-to-grid (V2G) service enables electric vehicles (EVs) to discharge battery power to the utility grid for power system stabilization. This study proposes a V2G acceptance model by integrating the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) with two additional constructs: perceived risks of V2G technology and attitude toward V2G service. The model aims to understand individuals' acceptance of V2G services in Taiwan, where the technology is still in the planning phase. Using 365 survey samples (250 EV users and 115 non-EV users) analysed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method, results show that attitude and price value positively affect V2G usage intention while perceived risks of V2G technology negatively do. Performance expectancy and effort expectancy of V2G services positively influence attitudes. However, the effects of both facilitating conditions of V2G services and social influence on V2G usage intention are found insignificant. Discussions and implications support pilot initiatives for performance evaluation and marketing development, especially for the government, electric bus operators, and aggregators. • The initial research output, utilising an integrated UTAUT2 model, explores the intention to use V2G services in Taiwan. • Attitude and price value positively impact the intention to use V2G services. • Perceived risks negatively affect the intention to use V2G services. • Performance expectancy and effort expectancy of V2G services positively influence attitudes. • Facilitating conditions and social influence have an insignificant impact on the intention to use V2G services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review aims to review and update the current state of research on the acceptance strategy for a healthy population in a laboratory setting. Using a previously defined search strategy, the PsycInfo, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched from 1961 to May 2020 for articles on this topic. Twenty-five high-quality articles, involving a total of 2265 participants, met inclusion criteria. According to these results, acceptance is a strategy with promising outcomes for handling pain in healthy populations, although its superiority over other strategies to reduce negative affect, anger, and other pain variables is unclear. The instructions and outcome variables vary widely between studies, and few studies compare acceptance with mindfulness. We discuss these findings and provide information to guide future researchers for designing fine-grained investigations that can address the gaps in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital surveillance is pervasive in cyberspace, with various parties continuously monitoring online activities. The ways in which internet users perceive and respond to such surveillance across overlapping contexts warrants deeper exploration. This study delves into the acceptance of digital surveillance by internet users and their subsequent self-protective actions against it in three distinct contexts: government, commercial, and interpersonal surveillance. Survey responses collected from 356 internet users in the U.S. showed that acceptance levels for surveillance varied between institutional and interpersonal contexts. However, the degree of self-protection remained consistent across all three contexts. Privacy concerns, algorithm awareness, and perceived privacy control played nuanced roles to both surveillance acceptance and self-protection measures in each context. Interestingly, political orientation emerged as a significant moderating factor on surveillance acceptance. Conservative-leaning participants were less accepting of surveillance overall, especially government surveillance. For conservatives, higher privacy concerns meant less acceptance of both government and corporate surveillance. Liberals' acceptance levels remained fairly consistent and were less affected by privacy concerns. These findings underscore the significance of contextual differences in privacy and surveillance research and provide implications for refining the existing theoretical frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Widespread use of effective and safe vaccines is the most promising method to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess the acceptance level of COVID-19 vaccination among the general population in six Middle East countries (Egypt, Jordan, Palestine, Tunisia, Sudan, and Yemen) as well as to assess factors associated with acceptance or refusal of vaccination. Methods: A cross-sectional multinational study was conducted during the period from May 20 to August 8 2021. A web-based, self-administered, Google form Arabic questionnaire was used after a pilot study using 30 participants. Results: The COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was 62.9%. The highest rate was reported among Tunisians (70%), while the lowest rate was detected among Egyptians (54.4%) and Yemenis (49%). Fear of side effects of vaccination was the main barrier to vaccination (53.1%). Meanwhile, nearly three-fifths (57.7%) of the respondents reported that vaccination would reduce the risk of infection. Logistic regression analysis stated that age >40 years, having children, being Health-Care Workers (HCWs), had higher education and higher income levels, and administering influenza vaccination were significant predictors of vaccine acceptance, as well as Jordanians, Palestinians, and Sudanese had higher probabilities of vaccine acceptance than Egyptians and Yemenis. Conclusions: The acceptance rate was moderate. Fear of vaccine side effects and lack of receiving appropriate information were reported as barriers to vaccination. It is important to improve vaccine acceptance and reduce the barriers to COVID-19 vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Introduction.: A greater sense of belonging has been found to correspond with better academic performance/motivation, retention, and general mental well-being among college students. As a result, it is important to be able to meaningfully assess student physical therapists' sense of belonging. Review of Literature.: While there are questionnaires available to assess sense of belonging at the university level, it is also important to be able to assess students' sense of belonging in a narrower context, such as within their program of study. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a program-specific tool, referred to as the Program Sense of Belonging (ProSB) questionnaire, that could be used to assess sense of belonging among student physical therapists. As part of this study, we examined the internal structure of the ProSB questionnaire items and assessed internal consistency. Subjects.: One hundred twenty-four student physical therapists from 2 different physical therapist education programs completed the ProSB questionnaire. Methods.: We conducted an exploratory factor analysis to examine the internal structure of the ProSB questionnaire and examined Cronbach's alpha to assess the internal consistency of the items associated with each retained factor. Results.: For the final 10-item version of the ProSB questionnaire, 2 factors were retained, which explained 57.5% of the variance (factor 1 = 30.9%, factor 2 = 26.6%). The 5 items that loaded on factor 1 were related to "social acceptance," while the 5 items that loaded on factor 2 were related to "valued competence." Both subscales exhibited acceptable levels of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ≥0.84). Discussion.: The ProSB questionnaire appears to capture different dimensions of student physical therapists' sense of belonging (social acceptance, valued competence) at the program level. Conclusion: Based on our preliminary findings, the ProSB questionnaire appears to be a valid tool for assessing program-level sense of belonging among student physical therapists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a case of implementing a MAC-based intervention, empowered by SDT principles, delivered by the coach. As the MAC-based approach becomes dominant in the sport psychology field and SDT is a leading motivational approach applied to sports coaching, a 10-session program was delivered by the head coach to a group of 28 gymnasts. The intervention included psychoeducation on core MAC principles (e.g., values, acceptance, defusion) and was guided by the coach's efforts to fulfill the basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. The intervention program protocol aligned with the coach's reflections are presented in each session. In conclusion, despite some constraints, this intervention framework holds potential for contributing to youth athletes' performance, well-being, and psychological development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stalnaker (Context, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2014) defends two ideas about common ground. The first is that the common ground of a conversation is definable in terms of an iterated propositional attitude of acceptance, so that p is common ground iff p is commonly accepted. The second is the idea that the "default setting" of conversational acceptance is belief, so that as a default, what is accepted in conversation coincides with what is (commonly) believed. In this paper, I argue that we should favor a pair of contrasting theses instead. First, I argue that we should identify the common ground with what is common knowledge about what is accepted, so that p is common ground iff it is common knowledge that p is accepted. Thus the attitude that is iterated in the definition of common ground is not acceptance but knowledge. Second, I argue that the "default setting" for conversational acceptance is not belief, but knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As transplant programmes have evolved to allow a wider donor pool, organ acceptance decisions have become increasingly complex and lack transparency and equality. Clinical scoring tools exist but there is limited consensus on their use. From a prospective observation of consecutive deceased-donor kidney offers in a large urban transplant centre, a simple score was developed based on donor age and other risk characteristics, excluding ischemia time and graft histology. The score was validated in subsequent cohorts of consecutive offers in the United Kingdom and Germany. In the development cohort of 389 kidney offers, 110 (28%) were transplanted and 175 (45%) declined. Nine risk factors were incorporated into a score based on age, but adjusted for the number of risk factors present, making an "adjusted donor age," with offers separated into equal quintiles by decade. The score was validated in a UK cohort of 380 subsequent offers, and a German cohort of 431 offers. In both cohorts adjusted donor age discriminated between favourable and poor post-transplant outcomes (C-statistic 0.77 in the United Kingdom, 95% CI 0.65–0.88, and 0.71 in Germany, 95% CI 0.64–0.77). Adjusted donor age is a simple score quantifying deceased donor kidney quality, which is consistent with current practice and predicts post-transplant outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As the COVID-19 virus spreads, it has new opportunities to change, and new variants of the virus are expected to occur. Health care workers (HCWs) are potential victims of the disease and spread it. They are more vulnerable to infection due to their occupational and nonoccupational exposure. The aim of this study was to identify the frequency and determinants of the acceptance of health care providers to receive the booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Methods: An online questionnaire was used to collect data by the Egyptian HCWs. The questionnaire had four sections: the first section included the participants' sociodemographic data, the second section included data on the participants' previous COVID-19 infection status, the third section was on COVID-19 vaccine-related information, and the fourth section evaluated the intention to take the booster dose, causes of acceptance or refusal, and any suggestions to combat COVID-19. Results: A total of 413 HCWs completed the questionnaire. Females represented 79.9%, and 37.3% had direct contact with COVID-19 patients, and 61.7% had previous infection. The vast majority (94.2%) received COVID-19 vaccine, 52.1% agreed to receive the booster dose, while 47.9% refused. The most common reason to receive booster dose was for increasing protection against new variants (48.4%) and lowering rate of severe illness and hospitalization (41.4%). Male gender and previous COVID-19 vaccination were the main determining factors of acceptance to receive booster doses. Conclusion: Acceptance of COVID-19 booster vaccination was relatively inadequate among the HCWs. Male gender and previous COVID-19 vaccination were determinants of acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decentralized wastewater treatment systems are a potential solution to the water crisis. However, in addition to advanced technology, successful implementation of these systems requires broad public willingness to use them. This paper presents the results of a three-phase psychosocial intervention with the users of a business building where a decentralized wastewater treatment plant was installed. The intervention, motivated by complaints from users due to their lack of knowledge about the existence of the plant, aimed at understanding and improving users' perceptions of the building's decentralized system. In the first phase, we conducted a focus group with a sample of workers (n = 6) to understand their knowledge and perception of the building's decentralized wastewater treatment system. Once the main obstacles and facilitators were identified, we designed a second phase where a group of employees (n = 46) were exposed to environmental priming to improve attitudes toward the decentralized plant installed in the building. Finally, in the third phase, a bidirectional informative session was proposed, conducted by experts, to another group of workers (n = 25). Findings suggest that implementing specific psychosocial strategies, such as promoting environmental awareness and providing informative sessions, along with incorporating potential users throughout the process, contributes to better acceptance of the decentralized wastewater treatment plant. This work presents a real case in a pilot plant that can serve as a guide for addressing psychosocial resistance in similar projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medical students may be influenced by perceived program culture and personal fit when applying to residency. Activity: Medical students were given three iterations of a generic residency program description presented with gender-neutral, feminine, or masculine skewed language and were subsequently asked to assess their perception of gender diversity and fit within each program. Results: Gendered language in program descriptions had a direct effect on all participants' sense of gender diversity in programs. The feminine-skewed description was most favorably perceived, regardless of respondent gender. Conclusion: These findings provide a starting point from which residency programs can consider the impact of gendered language on student recruitment and gender equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: While evidence of efficacy, safety, and technical feasibility is crucial when introducing a vaccine, it is equally important to consider the psychological, social, and political factors influencing vaccine acceptance. This study aims to identify the factors contributing to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among adults in Tehran, Iran. Methods: The study employed a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional design carried out from 2021 to 2022. It involved 260 eligible individuals residing in the catchment areas of Tehran and Shahid Beheshti Universities of Medical Sciences who declined to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, selected through systematic sampling. Data collection was accomplished through a researcher-developed questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 26 software. The analysis utilized descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests including Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Multiple Linear Regression, to examine the relationships between variables. Results: The average scores (SD) across dimensions were as follows: the individual's health status and perceived risk, 15.53 (1.70); contextual and social effects, 17.68 (2.53); awareness, 14.81 (2.34); and beliefs and concerns. 14.91 (2.64), indicating a concerning situation regarding contextual and social impacts and a moderate status as to other areas. The primary reasons for vaccine refusal included fear, lack of belief in the vaccine, concerns about its reliability, illness, and lack of access or time. Acceptance of the vaccine was associated with education, occupation, marital status, number of children at home, and income reduction due to COVID-19. Conclusion: The findings indicate that fear, lack of belief in the vaccine, concerns regarding its reliability, illness, and lack of access or time were the most important factors influencing reluctance to receive the vaccine. Health organizations should consider these factors when encouraging the population to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/BackgroundDesign/MethodsResultsConclusionChildren from unintended pregnancies are at an increased risk of experiencing less positive parenting practices as well as abuse and neglect. Thus, identifying factors that may explain the association between pregnancy intention and caregiving behaviours is critical, as well as identifying if these associations can be assessed during pregnancy.In a sample of 297 pregnant people (Mage = 31.17, SD = 4.89; gestational age range 9.71–35.14, M = 23.55, SD = 5.54) and, later, their 6-month-old infants, this prospective study examined the degree to which two facets (i.e. acceptance and richness of perceptions of the child and their role in being a parent for that child) of caregivers’ prenatal mental representations of the child explained the association between pregnancy intention and the caregiver behaviour observed during caregiver – child interactions in infancy.Results indicated that caregiver–child interactions following pregnancies that were intended, relative to those non-intended, were rated as higher in caregiving sensitivity and warmth. These relations were explained, in part, by a greater richness of perceptions, but not through acceptance.Findings suggest richness of perceptions as a potential target for exploration in interventions to support pregnant people who were not intending to become pregnant as a means to promote positive caregiver – child relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the foundations of the current anti-corruption policy and institutional reform in the field of fighting corruption is the establishment of criminal liability for criminal offenses in the field of official activities and professional activities related to the provision of public services. The priority area of law enforcement activities in Ukraine is combating corruption offenses committed by public officials, and one of the types is acceptance of an offer, promise or receipt of an unlawful benefit. The article outlines the conceptual aspect of distinguishing acceptance of an offer, promise or receipt of an undue benefit from related corpus delicti of criminal offenses which provide for liability for offenses in the field of official activity and professional activity related to the provision of public services, namely, it contains some similar features to those of related criminal offenses such as illicit enrichment (Article 368-5 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), abuse of influence (Article 369-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), and conducting of bribery. In addition, attention is drawn to the distinction between acceptance of an offer, promise or receipt of an unlawful benefit and fraud (Article 190 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). The article focuses on the common and distinctive features of the elements of a criminal offense under Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine with related elements, namely: bribery of an official of a legal entity of private law regardless of its organizational and legal form (Art. 368-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), bribery of a person providing public services (368-4 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), illicit enrichment (Article 368-5 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), abuse of influence (Article 369-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), provocation of bribery (Article 370 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) and fraud (Article 190 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). The author emphasizes the criteria of objective and subjective features which allow for the appropriate distinc tion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study was to understand how mindful awareness, acceptance, and values-consistent action change across acceptance-based behavioral therapy (ABBT) for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and determine their effect on symptoms. We examined weekly data from 31 individuals who received ABBT as part of a randomized control trial for individuals with GAD (Hayes-Skelton, Roemer, & Orsillo, 2013). Participants answered questions weekly about three components of ABBT, including the percentages of time they spent over their past week: 1) aware of the present moment, 2) accepting of their internal experiences, and 3) engaging in values. GAD symptoms were examined using two self-report measures (DASS-21 Stress subscale and PSWQ) and two clinician-rated interview measures (CSR and SIGH-A) at pre- and post-treatment.1 Mindful awareness, acceptance, and values-consistent action increased linearly across ABBT. All three change trajectories were positively correlated (Z’s 2.99 to 8.74, p’s < .001). Mindful awareness, acceptance, and values-consistent action across treatment predicted decreases in GAD symptoms above and beyond baseline for most outcome measures (Z’s −1.95 to −3.03, p’s < .05), with the exception that mindfulness did not predict DASS-stress (Z = −1.39, p = .17). These findings are consistent with the structure and model of ABBT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative forms of dementia affect 8 million Europeans. Assistive technologies are suggested to reduce the burden of care and improve the quality of life of person living with dementia. Nonetheless, the acceptance and attitudes toward technological interventions pose challenges not only for people living with dementia and caregivers but also for healthcare workers. This review specifically aims to investigate how these key groups perceive and accept technology in European dementia care settings. Methods: This systematic review was conducted to identify studies, published between 2013 and 2023, that examined the acceptance and attitude of assistive technologies in Alzheimer's and other dementia European settings, following the PRISMA guidelines. Rayyan AI was used for data extraction, and bias was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results: Among the 1,202 identified articles, 13 met the inclusion criteria, revealing a prevailing positivity toward technological interventions in dementia care. Nonetheless, several barriers to adoption, including technological unfamiliarity, and specific dementia-related symptoms that complicate usage were identified. They also unveiled varying attitudes, influenced by factors such as familiarity with technologies, perceived usefulness, and the broader context of the COVID-19 pandemic which accelerated telemedicine and digital solution acceptance during restricted mobility and social distancing. Conclusion: Understanding attitudes toward technology in dementia care is crucial as it influences the adoption and utilization of tech-based interventions, impacting symptom management and quality of life. Addressing these attitudes through tailored interventions and education can enhance well-being and quality of life for people living with dementia, caregivers, and healthcare professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the complexity of separations and divorces, highlighting the differences between emotional detachment and the legal process, which do not always proceed and resolve simultaneously. These differences mean that separations can be either quick or interminable, depending on the complexity of the legal and emotional issues involved. Therefore, legal support needs to be complemented by consultancy and financial consultancy to handle these situations, but this is often neglected, making the work of the family lawyer more complex as they must carry out their role without neglecting the psychological implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Solo driving generates negative environmental effects. • Carpooling is an environmentally friendly, practical, and cost-effective solution. • Levers for carpooling to work have been tested with five personality tendencies. • The economic reward remains a strong and common lever of carpooling to work. • Adaptable carpooling services would meet the needs of various personality tendencies. This study aims to test the sensitivity of five personality tendencies to levers of carpooling to work. We launched a large-scale online questionnaire targeting daily car drivers in France (N = 1,134 respondents) to test the link between levers to engage in carpooling (environmental awareness, confidence in others, relationship to time, economic gain and easy access to carpooling) and five personality tendencies of car drivers' (feeling of ecological responsibility/ FER, social affinity as a measure of level of extraversion/ SA, saving time tendency to individual with a time-pressure sensitivity/ ST, sensitivity to reward/ SR, and technophilia/ TECH). Respondents were questioned about their home-to-work carpooling habits and motives, their preferences according to some carpooling options, their assessments of a new carpooling to work concept and their projected use of it. The results show a strong link between the five chosen personality tendencies and carpooling practice, perception and overall acceptance, except for the sensitivity to reward (SR). Economic gain is a strong lever for the entire population, and this must be maintained for all and rendered more visible. Our results also reveal that a carpooling to work service, adaptable to all the driver's requests at each step of carpooling would meet the various needs of the different personality tendencies. In addition, a carpooling application must allow adaptability to specific personality tendencies (FER, ST, SA as a minimum) regarding the choices to be made at each stage of carpooling, while ensuring user-friendliness to facilitate access to those who are least comfortable with new technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Acceptance of electricity replenishment mode of new energy vehicles is explored. • Key impact factors of acceptance of electricity replenishment mode are identified. • Acceptance of battery-charging and −swapping modes for NEVs are compared. • Key managerial implications for NEVs enterprises are discussed. In recent years, two types of electricity replenishment modes of new energy vehicles (NEVs) have gradually developed in the NEVs market, one is the battery charging mode, and the other is the battery swapping mode. These two electricity replenishment modes have their own advantages and disadvantages, and consumers have different usage experiences. Generally speaking, the battery charging mode is usually more economical than the battery swapping mode, and its usage scenarios are more common, but in terms of replenishment speed and convenience, the battery swapping mode has obvious advantages. Based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model, this paper tries to explore the key impact factors on the private consumers' acceptance of the electricity replenishment mode of NEVs in the market, investigate the heterogeneity of gender, age, and income, and justify the development trend of the electricity replenishment mode of NEVs, aiming to provide managerial insights and policy implications for the high-quality development of the electricity replenishment mode of NEVs. The results indicate that among the five-dimensional variables we selected, performance expectancy has little effect on acceptance, while effort expectancy, social influence, and quality sensitivity have a positive impact on acceptance, and perceived risk has a negative impact on acceptance. Gender, age, and income level had different effects on each variable. This has a reference enlightenment for the follow-up production and marketing of related enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Automated vehicles require inclusive analysis of justice and safety disparities. • We analyse the acceptance of CAV deployment for drivers and pedestrians. • Individual differences shape CAVs' acceptability to adopt advanced automotive technologies. • Participants support CAVs but emphasise potential harm to vulnerable road users. • Economic barriers: Cost and benefits significant for CAVs' acceptance. As technological development towards connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) continues to rise, addressing the challenges associated with their integration is crucial, especially regarding public acceptance. This study explores the acceptability of CAVs, focusing on their potential role in enhancing safety and justice within the transport system. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a diverse participant group, including 18 car drivers (aged 20–79, M = 48.3, SD = 18.77) and 12 pedestrians (aged 18–61, M = 36.0, SD = 12.94). Thematic analysis was employed to identify and contextualise factors influencing CAV acceptability, encompassing usefulness, ease of use, effectiveness, affordability, and social acceptability. Results emphasised safety as a top priority for both drivers and pedestrians. Trust and system reliability were also common concerns, varying with participants' roles and transport experiences. Both drivers and pedestrians identified cost and economic benefits as significant barriers to CAV acceptance. Moreover, shared apprehensions about justice in adopting CAVs acknowledged the imperfections inherent in technological advancements. Participants supported CAVs but raised concerns about potential harm to vulnerable road users. Both car drivers and pedestrians expressed concerns that introducing CAVs could exacerbate existing injustices these road users face. This study offers valuable insights into how individual differences influence CAV acceptability, contributing to understanding their preparedness to adopt advanced automotive technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electoral volatility and clientelism were traditionally analysed through the lenses of clientelistic behaviour by political actors. However, we know very little about the importance of volatility for the formation of attitudes towards clientelism within the electorate. This article addresses that gap by analysing the extent to which volatile voters are more likely to accept electoral clientelism as a political practice. We bring evidence from Romania, which is a crucial case due to its extensive use of clientelism in elections over time and high electoral volatility. The analysis uses individual-level data from a survey conducted on a national representative sample of 4316 respondents in 2021. Contrary to the theoretical expectations, the findings illustrate that loyal voters accept clientelism easier, which holds when controlling for variables such as targeting awareness, political interest, income, or education. These results have important implications for the study of elections and voting behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess the awareness, attitude, and acceptance of the Post Placental Intra Uterine Contraceptive Device (PPIUCD) as an immediate long‐acting contraceptive method among Jordanian women. Methods: A cross‐sectional observational study was conducted at King Abdulla University Hospital among women attending antenatal clinics after 20 weeks of gestation between January 2020 and May 2021. One thousand and 30 women had completed a structured questionnaire in Arabic. Results: Only 41.4% of the sample was aware of the PPIUCD. The attitude toward PPIUCD after a brief introduction was 56.3%. Women who had used interval IUCD were 5.82 times more likely to express a positive attitude toward PPIUCD, while postgraduate women were 1.35 times more prone to show the same attitude. Only 34% accepted PPIUCD if offered, whereas the main barrier to acceptance was the false fear of extra complications in 34.5% of the sample. The rate of unintended current pregnancy was 35.8%, where 53.4% were using natural methods. Conclusions: The rate of awareness of PPIUCD is low among women in Jordan. Antenatal introduction encourages attitude toward PPIUCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study delves into the factors that drive teachers' adoption of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) technologies in higher education. Anchored by the technology acceptance model (TAM), the research expands its inquiry by integrating the constructs of intelligent technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK), AI literacy, and perceived trust. Data were gathered from a sample of 237 university teachers through a structured questionnaire. The study employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to determine the relationships among the constructs. The results revealed that both AI literacy and perceived ease were the most influential factors affecting teachers' acceptance of GenAI. Notably, intelligent TPACK and perceived trust were found to be pivotal mediators in this relationship. The findings underscore the importance of fostering AI literacy and adapting intelligent TPACK frameworks to better equip educators in the age of AI. Furthermore, there is a clear need for targeted professional development initiatives focusing on practical training that enhances AI literacy. These programs should provide hands-on experience with GenAI tools, boosting educators' confidence and ability to integrate them into their teaching practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Despite significant advancements in COVID‐19 vaccine research and development, hesitancy in its acceptance, particularly among pregnant women, is recognized as a health threat. Based on the Health Belief Model, this study aimed to identify the factors influencing vaccine nonacceptance among pregnant women in the cities of Zahedan and Tabriz, Iran. Methods: The present research was a multicenter cross‐sectional study conducted among pregnant women in two Iranian provinces, Zahedan and Tabriz, covering both high and low fertility regions. The study was conducted from February 2022 to August 2022. The sample size comprised 650 pregnant women attending selected healthcare centers. Data collection tools included questionnaires on sociodemographic characteristics, awareness, vaccine acceptance, and health beliefs related to vaccination. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical methods, including Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Independent t‐test, and multivariable logistic regression. Results: Among the 650 pregnant women, the vaccine acceptance rate was 47.4% and 52.6% of pregnant women reported vaccine nonacceptance during pregnancy. The logistic regression model indicated that the odds of vaccine acceptance increase with maternal employment (OR = 11.53, 95% CI: 4.81–27.63), higher maternal education levels (OR = 6.97, 95% CI: 3.11–15.63), higher income (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.07–2.55), and increased awareness levels (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.03–1.52). Additionally, the odds of vaccine acceptance increase with increased perceived susceptibility (OR = 2.55, 95% CI: 0.47–3.76), increased perceived benefits (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.06–4.61), increased perceived barriers (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18–1.12), and increased cues to action (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.03–3.92). Conclusion: Our study underscores the multifaceted nature of COVID‐19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant women, with socioeconomic, awareness‐related, and psychological factors all playing pivotal roles. These findings can inform targeted interventions and strategies aimed at increasing vaccine acceptance in this vulnerable population, ultimately contributing to enhanced maternal and fetal health during the ongoing pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is an era of enormous technical progress that has impacted professionals across industries, including Chartered Accountants (CAs). This study explored how CAs view the impact of the 4IR on their profession, focusing on the shifting roles, competencies, and challenges they face during this transitional period. The research adopted a qualitative approach to data collecting, including 14 semi-structured interviews with participants from various CA backgrounds. This research provides a thorough knowledge of the 4IR’s consequences for the profession and the perceptions of CA’s of the 4IR. Rapid task automation via technologies such as AI is posing a challenge to traditional CA roles, forcing a change towards more analytical thinking and strategic insight. CAs need to develop critical thinking abilities and data analysis ability. Older generations might need support to adapt to the technological changes. Despite fears about job loss due to technology, members were largely optimistic about the 4IR’s professional development potential. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjectiveMethodsResultsConclusions\nKEY POINTSTo examine the relationship between coping strategies and the change in symptom severity in contamination-focused OCD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic over a one-year follow-up.In March 2020, a one-year follow-up study was initiated with 56 contamination-focused OCD patients in Turkey. Coping strategies were evaluated using the COPE scale. OCD symptom severity was assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) at the beginning and end of the year. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale was administered mid-year.One year post the onset of COVID-19, 68% of patients showed increased OCD symptom severity, while 32% displayed a decrease. Higher scores on the fear of COVID-19 scale and lower acceptance scores from COPE subscales were correlated with increased OCD symptom severity.The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified OCD symptoms in a substantial proportion of patients, particularly those with heightened fears related to the pandemic, and reduced acceptance-based coping strategies. Tailored interventions emphasising adaptive coping mechanisms may benefit OCD patients in managing their symptoms during external stressors like pandemics.The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant variations in OCD symptom severity among individuals with contamination-focused OCD.Sixty-eight percent of patients showed an increase in OCD symptom severity (ISS group), while 32% displayed a decrease (DSS group) over a year after the pandemic’s onset.Fear of COVID-19 was significantly higher among those with increased OCD symptoms, highlighting a link between external stressors and OCD exacerbation.Acceptance as a coping mechanism correlated with reduced OCD symptoms. Patients displaying increased OCD symptoms demonstrated lower acceptance scores.External factors, such as global pandemics, can have profound effects on existing mental health conditions. The correlation between fear of COVID-19 and OCD symptom progression confirms this.Acceptance-based therapeutic interventions might be effective for OCD patients facing significant stressors.The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant variations in OCD symptom severity among individuals with contamination-focused OCD.Sixty-eight percent of patients showed an increase in OCD symptom severity (ISS group), while 32% displayed a decrease (DSS group) over a year after the pandemic’s onset.Fear of COVID-19 was significantly higher among those with increased OCD symptoms, highlighting a link between external stressors and OCD exacerbation.Acceptance as a coping mechanism correlated with reduced OCD symptoms. Patients displaying increased OCD symptoms demonstrated lower acceptance scores.External factors, such as global pandemics, can have profound effects on existing mental health conditions. The correlation between fear of COVID-19 and OCD symptom progression confirms this.Acceptance-based therapeutic interventions might be effective for OCD patients facing significant stressors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coming out is often seen as a positive event that bolsters well-being for sexual and gender minorities (SGMs). However, the relationship between coming out and well-being is more complex among SGMs. We set out to evaluate the reliability and validity of two recent scales related to coming out: the Coming Out Vigilance and Positive Coming Out Responses scales. Using a sample of 437 SGMs and supporting previous work, we found evidence supporting the reliability and convergent, divergent, predictive, and incremental validity of both scales. Both scales evidenced substantial relationships with well-being, with the Coming Out Vigilance scale being related to all facets of well-being except relationships, and the Positive Coming Out Responses scale being related to all facets of well-being. Most importantly, we found that the scales accounted for variation in well-being above and beyond that accounted for by LGBTQ+ Hypervigilance and Parental Acceptance, respectively. Finally, we did not find evidence that the Coming Out Vigilance scale moderated the relationship between outness and well-being, nor did we find evidence that the Positive Coming Out Responses scale mediated the relationship between outness and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Avicenna unified Health Information System (HIS) was implemented by the Palestinian Ministry of Health in 2010 across government hospitals. Despite its potential, the acceptance of Avicenna HIS by healthcare providers remains unclear after 14 years of application. Understanding the factors that influence healthcare provider acceptance is essential for optimizing the system's success. We investigated factors affecting acceptance of Avicenna HIS among healthcare providers in Palestinian healthcare institutions, focusing on perceived usefulness, ease of use, human factors, technological factors, and organizational support. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Palestine Medical Complex (PMC) in Ramallah, West Bank, where the Avicenna HIS has been fully implemented since 2010. A systematic random sampling was used to select participants, resulting in 300 completed questionnaires. The study utilized a self-administered questionnaire adapted from a structured tool based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The questionnaire was validated through expert review and pilot testing, achieving a Cronbach's alpha of 0.86. Each selected healthcare provider was contacted face-to-face, and written informed consent was obtained before administering the questionnaire. Results: A total of 300 questionnaires were completed and returned. The study sample included 178 males (59.3%) and 122 females (40.7%). The majority of participants was aged 20-39 years (270 participants, 90%) and held a bachelor's degree (250 participants, 83.3%). Nurses comprised the largest professional group (153 participants, 51.0%). High levels of perceived usefulness and ease of use were reported, both with mean scores of 4.511 (S.D. = 0.295). Technological factors had a mean score of 4.004 (S.D. = 0.228), while organizational factors scored 2.858 (S.D. = 0.304). Overall acceptance of the HIS was moderately high, with a mean score of 4.218 (S.D. = 0.387). Significant differences in perceived usefulness and ease of use were noted based on gender, age, and experience. Conclusion: This study concludes that both technological and human factors significantly influence the acceptance of HIS among healthcare providers in Palestine. To improve HIS adoption, it is recommended to enhance system functionality, ensure reliable data quality, and provide comprehensive training programs for healthcare providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Cognitive function may contribute to variability in older adults' ability to cope with chronic stress; however, limited research has evaluated this relationship. This study investigated the relationship between theoretically derived coping domains and cognitive function in 165 middle-to-older adults during the Omicron stage of COVID-19. Method: Participants completed a clinical interview and self-report measures of health. The National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set neuropsychological battery was used to evaluate memory, language, executive function/speed, and working memory. Structural equation modeling evaluated the underlying factor structure of the Brief COPE adapted for COVID-19. Results: The data supported the proposed second-order Approach factor comprised of Problem-Solving and Emotion Regulation (ER) strategies and a first-order Avoidance factor. Higher Avoidance was associated with greater depression symptoms, lower income and worse memory, executive function, working memory, and verbal fluency performance. Higher Problem-Solving was associated with better verbal fluency performance. ER strategies were not significantly associated with cognitive function. The use of Problem-Solving was not associated with less Avoidance. Greater use of Problem-Solving, ER, and Avoidance were all associated with higher levels of stress. Post-hoc analyses found that higher Acceptance was the only coping strategy associated with less stress. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that older adults with worse cognitive function were more likely to use Avoidance during the pandemic, which could result in prolonged stress and adverse health consequences. Future research is warranted to investigate whether acceptance-based interventions reduce the avoidance and impact of stress on health in vulnerable older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Negative attitudes toward offenders may hinder the rehabilitation process. The present study examines the relationship between attitudes toward sex offenders and stated acceptance of offenders and non‐offenders into various aspects of daily life. Sixty female members of the public (18–50 years old, UK residents, recruited by word of mouth and via social media) completed an attitudes towards sex offenders (ATS) scale and indicated for each of eight vignettes describing ex‐offenders and non‐offenders whether they would accept them in various situations (housing, employment, day‐to‐day activities). Results indicate that in this group of female participants, harsher attitudes toward sex offenders are associated with lower acceptance of sex offenders (around 50% less acceptance) and other offenders (around 25% less acceptance), but not non‐offenders, suggesting a tight coupling between attitudes and acceptance. The observed coupling between attitudes toward sex offenders and acceptance of offenders suggests that it will be difficult to change one without changing the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the efficacy of acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion (Kg-free) on obese and overweight women diagnosed with metabolic syndrome components. Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 52 obese and overweight women with body mass index (BMI) =25 were evaluated in two intervention and control groups, The intervention was implemented weekly. Triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood pressure (BP), BMI, and waistline measurements thyroid tests were assessed measured as the main outcome, and life-quality and sexual function improvement as its secondary outcome in pre, post and follow-up phase. Results: The study results indicated that the acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion (Kg-free) protocol was effective on the BMI, waistline, TG level, BP (systolic and diastolic index), quality of life, and sexual function in women with overweight and obesity, but fasting BP and HDL level did not significant (d=0.001-0.50; significant at the 0.001 level). Conclusions: The present trial was carried out aiming to examine the efficacy of group intervention based on acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion on obese and overweighed women and its effect on the components of metabolic syndrome, including the waistline, BMI, BP, FBS, TG, HDL, the quality of life, and the sexual function. Our results showed that group intervention based on acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion could reduce the BMI of the individuals in the intervention group compared to the control group. Moreover, the present study provided further evidence that this intervention bears an essential part in the psychological interventions for individuals struggling with overweight and obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Stoma formation affects an individual in various ways, including physical, emotional, social, and cognitive functions. Diverse studies report ways of an individual lives with new stoma formation. However, the comprehensive understanding of the entire process by the patient, which includes knowledge before the surgical procedure, as well as the subsequent acceptance, adaptation, and challenges to living with a stoma is lacking. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In-depth interview session were conducted with 12 colorectal cancer patients who have undergone surgical procedures for intestinal stoma formation. The patterns and themes within the data were identified by thematic analysis, involving data familiarisation and coding followed by themes' generation and refinement of the themes. RESULTS: Four themes and 9 subthemes were identified, which revealed the sufficiency of stoma-related information and understanding prior to surgery as well as positive acceptance of self and family members reflected through their reactions and support. Nonetheless, the challenges were anticipated which highlights the complications of the stoma itself, obstacles surrounding social life, and financial burdens. CONCLUSION: This study provided valuable insights into the experiences of individuals living with a stoma following colorectal cancer surgery. The themes and subthemes highlight the need to address social stigma as well as financial issues to alleviate the burden of stoma-related expenses. Increasing public awareness and improving financial assistance could be a way to enhance the overall quality of life for patients living with stoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rejection from parents can lead transgender (trans) youth and young adults to experience poor health outcomes, while parental and sibling acceptance and support can be protective against poor health outcomes. The role of family in adult trans women's lives has been minimally investigated. Aim: This study aimed to explore experiences of familial rejection, acceptance, and support in the lives of trans women sex workers living with HIV in the Dominican Republic. Method: In-depth interviews were conducted with 21 trans women ages 23 to 49 in Santo Domingo in 2019. We conducted a qualitative analysis of the interviews. We developed narrative summaries and a case-based matrix to analyze data within and across participants and confirm patterns and themes in the data. Results: Familial rejection and acceptance were processes with most participants receiving acceptance from at least one family member over time as well as receiving emotional and instrumental support. Poor health outcomes influenced by rejection and lack of support included suicide attempts, depression, and substance use. Conversely, acceptance and support bolstered well-being and provided housing stability and assistance with HIV treatment. Conclusion: Family rejection and acceptance play an important role throughout the life course. Working with families to become accepting of their trans family members could improve trans women's health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although being mindful, that is, monitoring and accepting one's present feelings, has been shown to be associated with less current negative affect than distraction, acceptance is less endorsed after experiencing negative affect. Thus, acceptance, although effective, may not be endorsed when it is most needed, leading people to endorse other strategies such as distraction instead. In the present study, we examined whether a monitoring and acceptance induction in a laboratory setting (N = 258) and a monitoring and acceptance training in daily life (N = 125) increased acceptance (Study 1) and monitoring (Study 2) after experiencing negative affect. We found this to be the case: While participants in the control condition showed a significant negative association between prior negative affect and subsequent monitoring and acceptance, participants in the monitor and acceptance condition did not. Thus, even brief monitor and acceptance training is well suited to increasing the likelihood that individuals can monitor and accept their thoughts and feelings when confronted with strong emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective regulation of emotions is essential in coping with everyday stressors. Although cognitive reappraisal and acceptance are both commonly employed to downregulate negative emotions, they differ in many aspects. Their effectiveness in real‐life situations can also be influenced by prior stress or a person's trait preferences for certain emotion regulation (ER) strategies. In the present study, we compared the effectiveness of both ER strategies in a laboratory setting, while focussing on the effect of stress and trait moderators. Ninety‐eight healthy participants aged 18–40 were randomly divided into three groups with instructions to use reappraisal, acceptance, or nothing while viewing distressing pictures from the IAPS database. Half of the participants in each group underwent a laboratory stressor (socially evaluated cold pressor test) 20–30 min before the ER task. The effectiveness of ER was measured subjectively on the visual analog scale, and by measuring heart rate, skin conductance, and pupil responses. The data show that cognitive reappraisal lowered subjectively experienced negative emotion, while acceptance did not. These group differences were however not supported by psychophysiological indicators. Secondly, although the laboratory stressor elicited cortisol stress responses in our participants, we did not find any effect on ER. Furthermore, the data has not supported the moderation effect by trait reappraisal and acceptance. The present findings show that deliberate usage of ER strategies when viewing emotionally charged pictures leads to a decrease in experienced emotion. On the other hand, the effects of stress and trait moderators were not supported, therefore they may be smaller and more variable than expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occupational exoskeletons are not yet frequently used at work. Previous research has indicated multiple factors (physiological, implementation-related, work-related, policy, and psycho-social) that can explain this lack of adoption. However, there is a lack of specific requirements related to these themes to improve exoskeletons and their adoption. Therefore, the goal of our research is to formulate concrete requirements for the design and implementation of exoskeletons. We used a design ethnography approach (focus groups, an interview, observations, surveys, and group interviews) with multiple stakeholders (users, designers, and potential future users). Our data suggest that potential future users of exoskeletons believe that existing exoskeletons should be improved to be adopted. Exoskeletons should be more comfortable to wear and flexible enough to support a wider range of tasks. We have formulated 49 requirements for occupational exoskeletons, and we validated and extended an existing framework. Our work encourages the improved design of future or existing exoskeletons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates how the acceptance of data-driven political campaigning depends on four different message characteristics. A vignette study was conducted in 25 countries with a total of 14,390 respondents who all evaluated multiple descriptions of political advertisements. Relying on multi-level models, we find that in particular the source and the issue of the message matters. Messages that are sent by a party the respondent likes and deal with a political issue the respondent considers important are rated more acceptable. Furthermore, targeting based on general characteristics instead of individual ones is considered more acceptable, as is a general call to participate in the upcoming elections instead of a specific call to vote for a certain party. Effects differ across regulatory contexts, with the negative impact of both individual targeting and a specific call to vote for a certain party being in countries that have higher levels of legislative regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated if trait mindfulness and its components, mindful attention, acceptance, and non-judging correlate negatively with self-reported and indirect markers of mind-wandering. The 552 participants of the study completed an anonymous online questionnaire consisting of trait mindfulness and mind-wandering scales. They also completed the computer-based Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), an objective measure of mind-wandering. The total mindfulness score and acceptance and non-judging subscale scores were strongly negatively correlated with both self-reported trait mind-wandering (TMW) and SART indices of mind-wandering. In contrast, attention was significantly positively correlated with both. These findings suggest that trait mindfulness conceptualised as a multi-component construct, but not a uni-component one, is probably an opposing construct to trait mind-wandering. Furthermore, mindfulness and its components, acceptance and non-judging, are associated with a reduction in the more common form of SART errors. However, only the acceptance component made a unique contribution to the variance in TMW and SART performance. Therefore, it is advisable for researchers to specify whether they investigated mindfulness as a uni-component or multi-component construct. Furthermore, it would be beneficial if future research investigates the relationship of mindfulness and its components with mind-wandering further by also incorporating a measure of state mindfulness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]