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In this study, the thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes (Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales) from Denmark are presented as an illustrated monograph. Sixteen species and one genus are newly described based on morphology and ecology (host association). The new genus is named Tanmaurkiella Santam. gen. nov. and includes two species: T. pselaphi Santam. gen. et sp. nov. (type species) and T. huggertii Santam. gen. et sp. nov., both on Pselaphus heisei Herbst, 1792 (Col. Staphylinidae Pselaphinae). The other 14 new species are Amorphomyces ventricosus Santam. sp. nov. on Myrmecocephalus concinnus (Erichson, 1839) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Cantharomyces papillatus Santam. sp. nov. on Bledius terebrans (Schiødte, 1866) (Col. Staphylinidae Oxytelinae), Cryptandromyces cryptophagi Santam. sp. nov. on Cryptophagus distinguendus Sturm, 1845 (Col. Cryptophagidae), Cryptandromyces danicus Santam. sp. nov. on Euconnus wetterhallii (Gyllenhal, 1813) (Col. Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae), Dimeromyces oculatus Santam. sp. nov. on Longitarsus luridus (Scopoli, 1763) (Col. Chrysomelidae), Euphoriomyces enghoffii Santam. sp. nov. on Leiodes rugosa Stephens, 1829 (Col. Leiodidae), Euphoriomyces smicri Santam. sp. nov. on Smicrus filicornis (Fairmaire & Laboulbène, 1855) (Col. Ptiliidae), Laboulbenia inexpectata Santam. sp. nov. on Acupalpus exiguus Dejean, 1829 (Col. Carabidae), Laboulbenia pygidicola Santam. sp. nov. on Syntomus truncatellus (Linnaeus, 1761) (Col. Carabidae), Monoicomyces brachiatus Santam. sp. nov. on Atheta sodalis (Erichson, 1837) and Ocyusa picina (Aubé, 1850) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Monoicomyces crassicaulis Santam. sp. nov. on Oxypoda elongatula Aubé, 1850 (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Monoicomyces reboleirae Santam. sp. nov. on Gnypeta carbonaria (Mannerheim, 1830) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Monoicomyces validus Santam. sp. nov. on Atheta vestita (Gravenhorst, 1806), Aleochara grisea Kraatz, 1856, and Geostiba circellaris (Gravenhorst, 1806) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), and Stigmatomyces thoracochaetae Santam. sp. nov. on Thoracochaeta brachystoma (Stenhammer, 1855) (Diptera Sphaeroceridae). The total number of laboulbeniaceous species from Denmark rises from 29 to 195, which means that 166 are here reported as new country records. Among these, Kainomyces isomali Thaxt. deserves special mention as it is a new European record. The same applies to nine species which are reported here for the first time after their original description. For this study, an intensive sampling programme has been realized, with 429 Danish localities screened including around 1900 collections with fungi. Two new synonymies are established: Laboulbenia acupalpi Speg. (Spegazzini 1915a) syn. nov. for Laboulbenia stenolophi Speg. (Spegazzini 1914), and Monoicomyces oxytelis Huldén (Huldén 1983) syn. nov. for Monoicomyces invisibilis Thaxt. (Thaxter 1900). The new combination Peyritschiella oxyteli (Cépède & F.Picard) Santam. comb. nov. is proposed for Rheophila oxyteli Cépède & F.Picard including neotypification, and delimitation of Peyritschiella protea Thaxt. is incorporated. Lectotypes for Laboulbenia polyphaga Thaxt. and Symplectromyces vulgaris (Thaxt.) Thaxt. are designated. Nineteen species are illustrated here with photographs for the first time. Three species: Eumonoicomyces papuanus Thaxt., Peyritschiella protea, and Stigmatomyces euconni F.Picard, which were reported from Denmark in the literature should be removed from the Danish Funga. We have examined the following types of Thaxter from FH (Farlow Herbarium, Harvard University Herbaria): Asaphomyces cholevae Thaxt., Dimorphomyces myrmedoniae Thaxt., Eumonoicomyces papuanus, Laboulbenia polyphaga, Peyritschiella protea, Rhadinomyces pallidus Thaxt., and Symplectromyces vulgaris. Ceratomyces pyrenaeus Santam. is newly recorded from USA, and this is also a new record from the American continent. Description of the genus Cryptandromyces Thaxt. has been emended to incorporate the new species here described. Morphology of the antheridium in Eumonoicomyces papuanus is studied, and the status of the genus Eumonoicomyces Thaxt. vis-à-vis Monoicomyces Thaxt. is discussed. Identification keys are provided for genera and species. In support of the additional aim of this work to serve as a reference for the study of Laboulbeniomycetes fungi in Europe, we include maps and the Appendix 1 for comparison of the known species in the ten most diverse, better studied, European countries.

This paper provides information about the Aleocharinae Fleming (Coleoptera:Staphylinidae) fauna collected from different provinces of Turkey, during the years of 2006-2020. In conclusion of the examined material, 11 species were reported. Among them, Aleochara haematoptera Kraatz, 1858 from Aegean and Southeast Anatolian Region, Anaulacaspis nigra (Gravenhorst, 1802) from Eastern Anatolian Region, Falagria caesa Erichson, 1837 and Falagria sulcatula (Gravenhorst, 1806) from Southeast Anatolian Region, Tetralaucopora rubicunda (Erichson, 1837) form Thrace are recorded for the first time. In addition, new records are given for many provinces of Turkey.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Aleochara postica Walker, 1858 was determined in this study. It is 15,473 bps in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a 778 bp A + T-rich control region. Most PCGs use the conventional ATN start codon, except for cox1 and nad1. Two genes (cox1 and cox3) use single T residue as stop codon rather than the routinely used TAA or TAG. All tRNAs, except for TrnS1, exhibit the cloverleaf secondary structure. ML phylogenetic analysis using 13 PCGs of 52 beetle species indicated that A. postica was clustered with other members of the subfamily Aleocharinae as conventional taxonomy predicted.

The is insufficient knowledge of arthropod communities occurring in specific microhabitats. In this study, we characterize the arthropod assemblages inhabiting burrows of the common hamster (Cricetus cricetusL.) and factors that determine their diversity and abundance. We tested the following hypotheses: (1) arthropod assemblages are associated with a particular dominant vegetation occurring in the vicinity of burrows; (2) a correlation exists between fine-scale geographic distances among burrows and assemblage dissimilarity; and (3) the type of trap influences the sampling success of captured arthropods. We found 73 morphospecies belonging to 16 families in 109 burrows, most of which were in the families Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) and Parasitidae (Arachnida: Acari: Mesostigmata). The most abundant families were Staphylinidae, Cryptophagidae (Coleoptera), Parasitidae, and Macrochelidae (Mesostigmata) (78.89%). Among the identified species, we foundAleochara irmgardis(Staphylinidae) andPoecilochirus sexclavatus(Parasitidae) which had not yet been reported in Poland, and several other rare species. Meat-baited traps captured 64.34% more individuals, which were more diverse and species-rich than the non-baited control traps, but the former was more selective for saprophages, necrophages, and coprophages. The burrows located in areas overgrown by triticale (a hybrid of wheat and rye) were inhabited by 69.86% of the identified arthropod species, and these also had the highest abundance (64.07%) in comparison with other habitats. However, differences in sample size biased our results toward and overestimate arthropods associated with this vegetation. This study underlines that the species composition detected in burrows was affected by the methods used and hamster preferences for a specific habitat rather than the geographic proximity of the burrows. More extensive sampling across multiple habitats will be necessary to confirm our findings.

1. ALEOCHARA Gravenhorst, 1802: 67 Aleochara notula Erichson, 1839: 167 [Aleochara] Aleochara duplicata Erichson, 1839: 167 [synonymized by Klimaszewski 1984: 20] Aleochara pernix Blackwelder, 1944: 167 [synonymized by Klimaszewski 1984: 20] Baryodma nanella Casey, 1906: 160 [synonymized by Klimaszewski 1984: 20] Baryodma nitidicollis Casey, 1906: 160 [synonymized by Klimaszewski 1984: 20] Distribution: USA, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, Chile, Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Dominica, US-Virgin Is. (St. Thomas), Saint Vincent & the Grenadines (St. Vincent Is., Mustique Is.), Guadeloupe, St. Lucia. Locality records: WITHOUT SPECIFIC DEPARTMENT: Without specific locality Navarrete-Heredia et al. 2002: 166; Asenjo et al. 2013: 73., Published as part of Pablo-Cea, Jos�� D., Asenjo, Ang��lico, Navarrete-Heredia, Jos�� L. & Newton, Alfred F., 2021, Checklist of Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) of El Salvador, pp. 80-106 in Zootaxa 4951 (1) on page 83, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4951.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4655714, {"references":["Gravenhorst, J. L. C. (1802) Coleoptera Microptera Brunsvicensia nec non exoticorum quotquot exstant in collectionibus entomologorum Brunsvicensium in genera familiae et species distribuit. C. Reichard, Brunsuigae [Braunschweig], lxvi + 206 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9568","Erichson, G. F. (1839) Genera et species staphylinorum insectorum coleopterorum familiae. F. H. Morin, Berlin, viii + 400 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59644","Klimaszewski, J. (1984) A revision of the genus Aleochara Gravenhorst of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 129, 1 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 116129 fv","Blackwelder, R. E. (1944) Checklist of the Coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America The West Indies, and South America. Part I. Smithsonian Institution, United States National Museum, Bulletin 185, xii + 1 - 188 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185. i","Casey, T. L. (1906) Observations on the staphylinid groups Aleocharinae and Xantholinini, chiefly of America. Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis, 16, 125 - 434. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48654","Navarrete-Heredia, J. L., Newton A. F., Thayer, M. K., Ashe, J. S. & Chandler, D. S. (2002) Guia ilustrada para los generos de Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) de Mexico. Universidad de Guadalajara, Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO), 401 pp.","Asenjo, A., Imler, U., Klimaszewski, J., Herman, L. H. & Chandler, D. S. (2013) A complete checklist with new records and geographical distribution of the rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) of Brazil. Insecta Mundi, 0277, 1 - 419."]}

Aleochara pseudochrysorrhoa has a glandular complex known as the tergal gland. Generally, the tergal gland secretion (TGS) has been described to have defensive function, but some reports point to a possible secondary function of this complex. For example, the TGS of the related species A. curtula has been demonstrated to possess an important role in intraspecies communication. In this work, we describe the chemical composition of the TGS of A. pseudochrysorrhoa males and females. Eleven compounds were identified based on GC/MS and GC-FT-IR analyses, retention indexes and derivatization products. Furthermore, a brief study regarding the biological function of the TGS in mating behavior is provided, in which the stimulation of male grasping response reaction by female TGS proved to be dependent on concentration.

Epigeic coleopteran species are linked by complex trophic webs and implicated in several ecosystem services for agriculture. Although there are reports of ground-dwelling Coleopterans inhabiting main extensive agroecosystems, their assemblages in horticultural crops in Argentina have been little explored. We examined the community structure of epigeal Coleoptera assemblages of Curculionidae, Carabidae, Staphylinidae and Coccinellidae species, in lettuce and tomato crops located in Northern Buenos Aires province, over a 3-year sampling period (2010 to 2013) by using pit-fall traps. Crop species and cycles, and phytosanitary measures (conventional and organic farming), were main factors considered as influencing the insect species composition, abundance and seasonal occurrence in the assemblages. Seventy coleopteran species were identified. The curculionids Ceutorhynchini sp. and Phyrdenus muriceus (Germar), the carabid Scarithes anthracinus Dejean, the coccinelid Eriopis connexa (Germar) and the staphylinids Aleochara sp. and Aleochara obscurus Bernhauer are the most common species in lettuce and tomato crops in the region studied. Especially the carabids, staphylinids and E. connexa are known act as natural enemies of several pests in the agroecosystems studied. Coleopteran assemblages found in lettuce differed from those associated to tomato crops, being the cropping season the main factor that influenced the community structure.

Resumen Se presentan datos relativos a la comunidad de Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) sarcosaprófilos asociada a carroña de cerdo en el Parque Natural de Sant Llorenç del Munt i l’Obac, Barcelona, nordeste de la península ibérica. Para el estudio se emplearon cuatro trampas cebadas con restos de cerdo (costilla de cerdo) colocados en agua, situadas en cuatro hábitats diferentes, y colgadas a 1,5 m del suelo. Se tomaron 68 muestras desde febrero hasta diciembre de 2018. Se capturaron 843 individuos pertenecientes a 17 especies y, 5 subfamilias (10 especies de Aleocharinae, 3 de Staphylininae, 2 de Omaliinae, 1 de Proteininae y 1 de Tachyporinae), presentando su mayor abundancia en los meses de verano (junio, julio, agosto). Tres especies resultaron ser las más abundantes y más frecuentes, Aleochara (Aleochara) curtula (Goeze, 1777), Aleochara (Aleochara) lata Gravenhorst, 1802 y Aleochara (Xenochara) haematoptera. De cada especie se presenta el material estudiado, datos ecológicos, abundancia, frecuencia y su corología mundial e ibérica. De las 17 especies encontradas, 6 son nuevas citas para la Comunidad Autónoma de Cataluña: Aleochara (Heterochara) clavicornis L Redtenbacher, 1849, A.(Xenochara) sparsa Heer, 1839, Haploglossa villosula (Stephens, 1832), Proteinus atomarius Erichson, 1840, Philonthus (Philonthus) virgo (Gravenhorst, 1802) y Mycetoporus longulus Mannerheim, 1830. Philonthus (Philonthus) succicola Thomson, 1860, ya citada de la Comunidad, es nueva cita para Barcelona. A bstract Data regarding the community of sarcosaprophilous Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) associated with pig carcass in Sant Llorenç del Munt i L’Obac Natural Park Barcelona, northwest of the Iberian Peninsula are presented. For the study, 4 traps were used, baited with pig remains placed in water, located in 4 different habitats, hanging 1.5 m from the ground. 68 samples were taken from february to december 2018. 843 individuals belonging to 17 species, belonging to 5 subfamilies (10 Aleocharinae, 3 Staphylininae, 2 Omaliinae, 1 Proteininae, and 1 Tachyporinae) were captured, presenting their greatest abundance in the months of summer (june, july, august). Three species were found to be the most abundant and most frequent, Aleochara (Aleochara) curtula (Goeze, 1777), Aleochara (Aleochara) lata Gravenhorst, 1802 and Aleochara (Xenochara) haematoptera Kraatz, 1858. For each species, the material studied, ecological data, abundance, frequency and its world and Iberian chorology are presented. Among the 17 species found, 6 are new records for the autonomous community of Catalonia: (Aleochara (Heterochara) clavicornis L. Redtenbacher, 1849, A. (Xenochara) sparsa Heer, 1839, Haploglossavillosula (Stephens, 1832), Proteinusatomarius Erichson, 1840, Philonthus (Philonthus) virgo (Gravenhorst, 1802) and Mycetoporuslongulus Mannerheim, 1830. Philonthus Philonthus) succicola Thomson, 1860, already from the community, represent a new record for Barcelona.

Keys to genera and species of the tribe Aleocharini Fleming are provided. A review of the 35 species of Aleochara Gravenhorst and four species of Amarochara C.G. Thomson recorded in eastern Canada is presented. The following is provided for each species: a morphological diagnosis, distribution, information about habitat and methods of collection, key references, colour images of the habitus, and black and white images of the genitalia (median lobe of the aedeagus, spermatheca) and terminal segments of both sexes.

Aleochara curtula (Goeze, 1777) Staphylinus curtulus Goeze, 1777: 730 (description, without type locality). Note: For a complete list of bilbiographies see Yamamoto & Maruyama (2016b: 20). A synonyms list see updated checklist below. Type material: Type not studied, probably lost (Klimaszewski 1984: 76). Additional material: none material from Brazil or countries around was similar to A. curtula. Diagnosis: see Yamamoto & Maruyama (2016b). Redescription: see Yamamoto & Maruyama (2016b). Geographical records: Palearctic, Oriental, Nearctic, Afrotropical and Neotropical regions (Yamamoto & Maruyama 2016b). The records in the Neotropical region are discussed below. Discussion about record in Brazil: although no Brazilian specimen of A. curtula was found in this study, some previous works attribute this species to Brazil and other surrounding countries in the Neotropical region, as Saint Vincent Island (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines), Grenada, French Guiana, Peru, Colombia, Bolivia, Brazil and Chile (Fauvel 1901; Blackwelder 1944; Caron et al. 2008). The first record of A. curtula in Brazil is in Fauvel (1901: 90), and after that, records for Brazil can only be found in catalogs (Blackwelder 1944; Caron et al.2008). In this study, we have conclude that it is doubtful that A. curtula is distributed in Brazil and surrounding countries, because the geographic records related to these countries are based on old previous works (e.g. as in Fauvel 1901). Additionally, in Brazil the specimens of A. bugnioni were erroneously identified as A. curtula because they have similarly maculated pattern of elytra, with a distinct darker spot on the external and apical angle, but differ from it in the apical shape of the median lobe and shape of the capsule of the spermatheca (compare Figs. 39,40 and 44 with Figs. 62 and 64 in the Yamamoto & Maruyama 20016b: 29)., Published as part of Caron, Edilson, Moussallem, Marcelo & Bortoluzzi, Sidnei, 2019, Revision of Brazilian species of Aleochara Gravenhorst of the subgenus Aleochara (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), pp. 1-33 in Zootaxa 4712 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586751, {"references":["Goeze, J. A. E. (1777) Entomologische Beytrage zu des Ritter Linne zwolften Ausgabe des Natursystems. Erster Theil. Weidmanns Erben & Reich, Leipzig, xvi + 736 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 45974","Yamamoto, S. & Maruyama, M. (2016 b) Revision of the subgenus Aleochara Gravenhorst of the parasitoid rove beetle genus Aleochara Gravenhorst of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). Zootaxa, 4101 (1), 1 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4101.1.1","Klimaszewski, J. (1984) A revision of the genus Aleochara Gravenhorst of America north of Mexico. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 129, 1 - 129. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 116129 fv","Fauvel, A. (1901) Voyage de M. le Dr. Ed. Bugnion au Venezuela, en Colombie et aux Antilles. Revue d'Entomologie, 20, 69 - 91.","Blackwelder, R. E. (1944) Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 1. United States National Museum Bulletin, 185, xii + 1 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185. i","Caron, E., Mise, K. M. & Klimaszewski, J. (2008) Aleochara pseudochrysorrhoa, a new species from southern Brazil (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), with a complete checklist of Neotropical species of the genus. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 25, 827 - 842. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752008000400022"]}

Adults and larvae of Aleochara are found in fly-infested habitats, where the larvae are ectoparasitoids of fly pupae. There are three subgenera recorded in Brazil. This study provides a taxonomic revision of Brazilian species of the subgenus Aleochara. As a result, we recognize seven species in Brazil, A. bonariensis Lynch, A. bugnioni Fauvel, A. lustrica Say, A. chrysorrhoa Erichson and three species described by Sharp: A. auricoma, A. mundana and A. prisca. Redescriptions and illustrations of the male and female genitalia are provided for all species. Nomenclatural changes: A. bugnioni is considered a new junior synonym of A. lateralis Erichson, and A. pseudochrysorrhoa Caron, Mise & Klimaszewski is a new junior synonymy of A. bonariensis. In addition, the type of A. verecunda Sharp, was not studied and the name is considered as species inquirenda, while A. curtula (Goeze) is not confirmed in Brazil and its Neotropical records is discussed. Finally, a key to species is provided and an updated checklist of the Brazilian species of Aleochara (Aleochara), including synonyms, is compiled.

Aleochara chrysorrhoa Erichson, 1839 (Figs. 6, 55���64, 75) Aleochara chrysorrhoa Erichson, 1839: 160 (description, type locality: ���Brasilia���). Feynes 1918: 400 (catalogue). Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz 1926: 776 (catalogue). Blackwelder 1944: 167 (checklist). Klimaszewski et al., 1987: 250 (redescription; lectotype designation). Caron et al., 2008: 832 (checklist). Type material: Type not studied. Note: lectotype deposited in ZMHB (Klimaszewski et al. 1987). Additional material: IRSNB: One specimen: (1) ���Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B.���. Brazil: One specimen: (1) ��� Espirito Santo \ Br��sil���; (2) ���Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B.���. DZUP: Brazil: Two specimens: (1) ���BRASIL, Paran��, Campina\ Grande do Sul,\ 25��17���47.39���S, 49��2���12.38���\ W, FIT- ��rea Po��o 04/XII/2013 F. W. T. Leivas \ (leg.). Two specimens: (1) ��� BRASIL, Paran��, Campina\ Grande do Sul,\ 25��17���47.39���S, 49��2���12.38���\ W, FIT- c/org��nico\ 14/I/2014 F. W. T. Leivas \ (leg.). Three specimens: (1) ��� BRASIL, Paran��, Campina\ Grande do Sul,\ 25��17���47.39���S, 49��2���12.38���\ W, FIT c/org��nico-\ 08/ V /2014 F. W. T. Leivas \ (leg.). Six specimens: (1) ��� BRASIL, PR, Foz do Igua��u\ Parque Nacional do Igua��u\ (Pitfall)\ 29-XII-2010 \ M. R. Silva, col.���. MHNCI: Brazil: One specimen: (1) ���S. J. dos PINHAIS PR \ (GUARICANA)\ 26. IV. 1985 \ S. MALKOWSKI leg���; (2) ���SC���; (3) ��� CAP��O \ IMBUIA\ PR ���. Diagnosis: Aleochara chrysorrhoa is similar to A. bonariensis and differs from it by tergum VIII of male distinctly serrate on posterior margin, around of 13 teeth; apex median lobe of aedeagus with a short tooth (directed ventrad); and female with elongate capsule of spermatheca. Redescription: BL: 8.0 mm. EW: 2.2 mm. Body dark brown, with tarsi, maxillary palpi, basal antennal segments and apical part of abdomen rust-brown. Dorsal surface glossy and covered with thin golden yellowish setae and setigerous pores impressed. Head: with coarse setigerous punctutation; disc with sparse pubescence directed mediad and anterad. Antennae with antennomere 2 half length of first and slightly narrower than first; 3 longer than 2; 4 subquadrate to slightly transverse; 5���10 similar in shape, distinctly transverse, 10 slightly narrower than 9; 11 twice longer than the previous one, semi-triangular in shape; 1���4 glossy with some long black setae; 5���11 dull and covered by very short white setae, with some long black setae on apex of each antennomere and in 11 with long black setae on a transversal circular line in the middle of the antennomere. Thorax: pronotum with setigerous punctuation; setae directed posterad at the midline of the disc, directed laterad in each anterior half, and posterad and laterad in each posterior half. Mesoventral process truncate apically. Elytra with setigerous punctuation, denser than pronotum; setae directed posterad. Abdomen: distinctly narrowed posteriorly, with maximum width of tergum X about one-third of apical width of tergum VII; terga with coarsely setigerous punctation, similar to head, sparse pubescence directed posterad. Male: tergum VIII as wide as long; posterior margin emarginate at the middle, coarsely serrate, with about 13 teeth (Fig. 55). Sternum VIII as wide as long; posterior margin truncate (Fig. 56). Tergum IX with asymmetrical ventral struts, the left shorter than the right one, the left with one accessory short arm directed laterad. Tergum X with anterior and posterior margin truncate, but withweakly sclerotized area at the middle (Fig. 57); aedeagus: median lobe elongate with bulbous base (Fig. 59); apex with a short tooth, somewhat hook-like, directed ventrad (Fig. 60). Female: tergum VIII as wide as long; posterior margin slightly emarginate at the middle (Fig. 61). Sternum VIII as wide as long; posterior margin broadly rounded, somewhat truncate at the middle, with short setae restricted to posterior margin (Fig. 62). Tergum IX with very short and symmetrical ventral struts. Tergum X with anterior margin somewhat curved and posterior margin very slightly emarginated at the middle (Fig. 63). Spermatheca long, somewhat in L-shaped, and without apical invagination (Fig. 64). Taxonomic note: in the original description of A. chrysorrhoa, Erichson (1839) was not clear if he examined a male, or a female, or both, because he only described the color of abdominal apex, and not the shape of the tergum VIII (important for sex identification). Klimaszewski et al. (1987) redescribed the species based on one female, the type material of species deposited in the Museum f��r Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universit��t (ZMHB, Berlin, Germany), where the Erichson's collection is housed. Therefore, here we described for the first time the characteristics of male, including the sexual dimorphism. Geographical records: Examined material: Brazil (Esp��rito Santo; Paran��: Campina Grande do Sul, Foz do Igua��u and S��o Jos�� dos Pinhais) (Fig. 75). Literature: Brazil (Erichson 1839). Natural history: Some specimens were collected using FIT and pitfalls., Published as part of Caron, Edilson, Moussallem, Marcelo & Bortoluzzi, Sidnei, 2019, Revision of Brazilian species of Aleochara Gravenhorst of the subgenus Aleochara (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), pp. 1-33 in Zootaxa 4712 (1) on pages 20-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586751, {"references":["Erichson, G. F. (1839) Genera et species Staphylinorum insectorum coleopterorum familiae. F. H. Morin, Berlin, v + 954 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59644","Feynes, A. (1918) Coleoptera, fam. Staphylinidae, subfam. Aleocharinae In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. L. Desmet- Verteneuil, Bruxelles, pp. 1 - 414.","Bernhauer, M. & Scheerpeltz, O. (1926) Staphylinidae VI. In: Junk-Schenklin (Ed.), Coleopterarum Catalogus. Junk, Berlin, pp. 499 - 988.","Blackwelder, R. E. (1944) Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 1. United States National Museum Bulletin, 185, xii + 1 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185. i","Klimaszewski, J., Genier, F. & Uhlig, M. (1987) Review of Erichson's types of Aleochara from Mexico, West Indies and South America. Florida Entomologist, 70, 249 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3495157","Caron, E., Mise, K. M. & Klimaszewski, J. (2008) Aleochara pseudochrysorrhoa, a new species from southern Brazil (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), with a complete checklist of Neotropical species of the genus. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 25, 827 - 842. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752008000400022"]}

Aleochara Gravenhorst, 1802 Aleochara Gravenhorst, 1802: 67. Type species: Staphylinus curtulus Goeze, 1777 (= Staphylinus fuscipes sensu Gravenhorst, 1802). Note: for a complete discussion of the type species of Aleochara, see Smetana (2004: 30). For a genus group synonymy and species list see Newton (2019). For a phylogenetic study see Maus et al. (2001) and Song & Ahn (2013). In general, the species of Aleochara have body compact and robust, diverse in shape, small (less 4mm) to large (up to 10mm). Brownish to black, sometimes with elytra and abdominal apex lighter. Head somewhat circular; frons triangularly produced and sharply pointed; antennae 11-segmented, somewhat clavate; and maxillary and labial palpus with apical pseudosegment (respectively 5 and 4-segmented). Pronotum larger than head, transverse, basal width as wide as elytra. Mesocoxal cavities separated, mesoventral process long (almost reaching posterior portion of mesocoxae), longitudinally carinate or not. Tarsal formula 5-5-5 (except subgenus Tinotus 4-5-5). Abdomen gradually narrowed posteriorly; first three visible terga deeply transversely impressed basally (Klimaszewski 1984; Yamamoto & Maruyama 2012, 2016a, b)., Published as part of Caron, Edilson, Moussallem, Marcelo & Bortoluzzi, Sidnei, 2019, Revision of Brazilian species of Aleochara Gravenhorst of the subgenus Aleochara (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), pp. 1-33 in Zootaxa 4712 (1) on page 2, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586751, {"references":["Gravenhorst, J. L. C. (1802) Coleoptera Microptera Brunsvicensia nec non exoticorum quotquot exstant in collectionibus entomologorum Brunsvicensium in genera familias et species distribuit. Carolus Reichard, Brunsuigae (Brunswick), lxvi + 206 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9568","Goeze, J. A. E. (1777) Entomologische Beytrage zu des Ritter Linne zwolften Ausgabe des Natursystems. Erster Theil. Weidmanns Erben & Reich, Leipzig, xvi + 736 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 45974","Smetana, A. (2004) Family Staphylinidae Latreille, 1802 [except Pselaphinae, Scaphidiinae]. In: Lobl, I. & Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 2. Hydrophiloidea-Histeroidea-Staphylinoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 29 - 35 + 237 - 272 + 329 - 495 + 504 - 698. [Note: reference by Newton (personal communication).]","Newton, A. F. (2019) StaphBase: Staphyliniformia world catalog database (version Nov 2018). In: Roskov, Y., Ower, G., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P. M., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R. E., Decock, W., Nieukerken, E. van Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L. (Eds.), Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2019 Annual Checklist. Available from: http: // www. catalogueoflife. org / annual-checklist / 2019 (accessed 20 August 2019)","Maus, C., Peschke, K. & Dobler, S. (2001) Phylogeny of the genus Aleochara inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase sequences (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 18, 202 - 216. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / mpev. 2000.0874","Song, J. - H. & Ahn, K. - J. (2013) Molecular pylogeny reveals multiple origens of seashore colonization in the genus Aleochara Gravenhorst (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). Invertebrate Systematics, 27, 239 - 244. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 12040","Klimaszewski, J. (1984) A revision of the genus Aleochara Gravenhorst of America north of Mexico. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 129, 1 - 129. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 116129 fv","Yamamoto, S. & Maruyama, M. (2012) Revision of the Seashore-dwelling Subgenera Emplenota Casey and Triochara Bernhauer (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: genus Aleochara) from Japan. Zootaxa, 3517 (1), 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3517.1.1","Yamamoto, S. & Maruyama, M. (2016 a) Revision of the subgenus Tinotus Sharp stat. nov., of the parasitoid rove-beetle genus Aleochara Gravenhorst (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from Japan, Taiwan, and the Russian Far East. Zookeys, 559, 81 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 559.6755"]}

Aleochara prisca Sharp, 1876 (Figs. 3, 26���34, 75) Aleochara prisca Sharp 1876: 69 (Description, type locality: ���Ega���), note: Ega is currently known as Tef��, a municipality in Amazonas, Brazil. Duvivier 1883: 100 (catalogue). Bernhauer & Sheerpeltz 1926: 778 (catalogue). Blackwelder 1944: 167 (checklist). Caron et al. 2008: 833 (checklist). Fery 2013: 81 (checklist). Type material: Holotype: One specimen (Fig. 3), female, deposited in BMNH: (1) ��� Aleochara \ prisca Type\ Amazons.\ D.S.��� [white label, handwritten]. (2) ���Holo\Type��� [circular label, white with red boards, ���Holo��� handwritten]. (3) ���Ega.��� [circular label, green, handwritten]. (4) ��� S. America:\ Brazil ��� [white label, printed in black]. (5) ���Sharp Coll.\1905-313.��� [white label, printed in black]. (6) ��� A. prisca \ type. D. S.��� [white label, handwritten]. (7) ��� Holotype \ Aleochara \ prisca Sharp \ det. R. G. Booth 2014��� [white label, handwritten]. Note: Sharp described the species based on holotype. Additional material: FMNH: Brazil: female. One specimen: (1) ��� S. America:\ Brazil ���; (2) ���Sharp Coll.\ 1905- 313.���; (3) ���Compared with\ type:\ Aleochara \ prisca \ Shp.���; (4) ���Chicago Nat. Hist. Mus.\ (ex. D. Sharp Colln \ by exchange with\ Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist.)���; (5) ���FMNHINS\ 2840579\ FIELD MUSEUM \ Pinned���. INPA: Brazil: 18 specimens: (1) ���Brasil ��� AM, Manaus\ Reserva Adolpho Ducke\ 16/VII/2008 \ K.M.Mise (Leg.)���; (2) ���Coleta manual\ Isca carca��a su��na. One specimen: (1) ��� Brasil ��� AM, Manaus\ Reserva Adolpho Ducke\ 10-16/VII/2008 \ K.M.Mise (Leg.)���; (2) ���Coleta manual\ Isca carca��a su��na. One specimen: (1) ���Brasil ��� AM, Manaus\ Reserva Adolpho Ducke\ 10/VII/2008 \ K.M.Mise (Leg.)���; (2) ���Coleta manual\ Isca carca��a su��na. Two specimens: (1) ���Brasil ��� AM, Manaus\ Reserva Adolpho Ducke\ 12/VII/2008 \ K.M.Mise (Leg.)���; (2) ���Coleta manual\ Isca carca��a su��na. Four specimens: (1) ���BRASIL, AM, Manaus\ Rod. AM-010, Km-26,\ Reserva Ducke,���; (2) ���Isca: Cad��ver su��no\ 10.VII.2020, N.J.\ Fraga & J.F. Vidal ���. One specimen: (1) ��� BRASIL, AM, Manaus\ Rod. AM-010, Km-26,\ Reserva Ducke, 3.VI.2002,���; (2) ���N.J.\ Fraga & J.F. Vidal \ carcassa su��na���. One specimen: (1) ���Brasil, Amazonas, Manaus\ Fazenda Experimental da\ UFAM, BR 174, Km 38.\ 20.xii.2007 \ Coleta manual\ T. V. Senra Leg.���; (2) ���13���Sthaphylinidae\ M.C.B. Feitosa Det. ���. Diagnosis: Aleochara prisca differs from other Brazilians A. (Aleochara) species by abdominal tergum VIII two times wider than long; apex of median lobe of the aedeagus toothless and apical one-third curved in lateral view (directed ventrad); anterior margin of each side of tergum IX of female with a weakly sclerotized area and rounded median angle. Redescription: BL: 8.4 mm. EW: 2.2 mm. Head dark brown to black; pronotum predominantly yellowish, or yellowish with dark brown macula on central disc, or entirely dark brown; elytra predominantly yellowish, or yellowish with dark brown macula on disc, or dark brown with external sides lighter or lighter on latero-anterior angle; abdomen brown to dark brown, with posterior half of tergum VII to tergum X lighter, somewhat yellowish to rusty-brown; legs, antennae and mouthparts yellowish to brown. Dorsal surface glossy and covered with thin golden yellowish setae with setigerous pores impressed. Note: the color pattern is very variable in this species, which some individuals are very lighter than the others (for example: holotype), mainly pronotum and elytra. Head: with setigerous punctation; disc with sparse pubescence directed mediad and anterad. Antennae with antennomere 2 half the length of first and slightly narrower than first; 3 longer than 2; 4 transverse; 5���9 similar in shape, clearly transverse, gradually slightly narrower than the apex, 5 distinctly wider than 9; 10 subquadrate to slightly transverse; 11 twice longer than the previous one, subtriangular in shape; 1���4 glossy with some long black setae; 5���11 dull and covered by very short white setae, some long black setae on apex of each antennomere and in 11 with long black setae on a transversal circular line in the middle of the antennomere. Thorax: pronotum with setigerous punctuation; setae directed posterad at the midline of the disc and directed posterad and laterad elsewhere. Mesoventral process truncate. Elytra with setigerous punctuation, denser than pronotum; setae directed posterad. Abdomen: distinctly narrowed posteriorly, maximum width of tergum X about half of apical width of tergum VII; terga coarsely setigerous punctuated, similar to head, pubescence sparse directed posterad. Male: tergum VIII two times wider than long (Fig. 26); posterior margin emarginate at the middle, not serrated. Sternum VIII as wide as long; posterior margin broadly rounded and truncate medially (Fig. 27); internal surface with many short and dense setae directed anterad; Tergum IX with asymmetrical ventral struts, the left shorter than the right, the left with one accessory short arm directed laterad. Tergum X with anterior margin truncate and posterior margin very slightly emarginate at the middle (Fig. 28). Aedeagus: median lobe elongate and bulbous at base (Fig. 30); apex toothless, ventral margin curved in apical one-third in lateral view, directed ventrad (Fig. 31). Female: tergum VIII two times wider than long; posterior margin truncate (Fig. 32). Sternum VIII wider than long; posterior margin broadly rounded, somewhat pointed at the middle, some short setae restricted to posterior margin (Fig. 33). Tergum IX without ventral struts; anterior margin of each half of tergum IX with a weakly sclerotized area and rounded median angle. Tergum X with anterior margin truncate and posterior margin emarginate at the middle (Fig. 34). Spermatheca not found. Geographical records: Material examined: Brazil (Amazonas: Manaus and Tef��) (Fig. 75). Natural history: associated with decomposing pig carcass., Published as part of Caron, Edilson, Moussallem, Marcelo & Bortoluzzi, Sidnei, 2019, Revision of Brazilian species of Aleochara Gravenhorst of the subgenus Aleochara (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), pp. 1-33 in Zootaxa 4712 (1) on pages 10-13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586751, {"references":["Sharp, D. (1876) Contributions to an Insect Fauna of the Amazon Valley. Coleoptera-Staphylinidae. Vol. 1. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, London, 398 pp. [pp. 27 - 424] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5536","Duvivier, A. (1883) Enumeration des staphylinides decrits depuis la publication du catalogue de MM. Gemminger & de Harold. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 27, 91 - 215.","Blackwelder, R. E. (1944) Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 1. United States National Museum Bulletin, 185, xii + 1 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185. i","Caron, E., Mise, K. M. & Klimaszewski, J. (2008) Aleochara pseudochrysorrhoa, a new species from southern Brazil (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), with a complete checklist of Neotropical species of the genus. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 25, 827 - 842. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752008000400022","Fery, H. (2013) David Sharp (1840 - 1922). A bibliography and a catalogue of his insects names. Skorvnopparn, Umea, 4 (Supplement), 1 - 144."]}

74 species of rove beetles were identified in the collections of the “Grigore Antipa” National Museum of Natural History, collected from the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, between 1962–1966, in 1991, 1995 and 2012–2017. The material was collected mainly using light traps. Aleochara tenuicornis Kraatz, Carpelimus anthracinus (Mulsant & Rey), Bledius frisius Lohse, Ochthephilum collare (Reitter) and Achenium propontiacum Bordoni are mentioned for the first time from this area.

Aleochara blackburni Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz (Aleocharinae) is a little-known coastal rove beetle, not studied since a specimen was collected from coasts in Port Lincoln, South Australia, in 1888. We report the discovery of additional specimens, which were collected at sites distributed between the central-east and south-east coasts of Tasmania, Australia. Habitus photographs, a redescription, host records and illustrations of diagnostic characters are provided. To investigate the phylogenetic placement of A. blackburni and taxonomic problems within the Emplenota and Triochara clade, we studied 34 populations of 13 coastal and one inland species and generated a molecular phylogeny of the genus Aleochara Gravenhorst based on three partial mitochondrial genes (COI, tRNA leucine and COII). Our results showed that A. blackburni was the sister group of the bilineata clade + curtula clade and suggested that A. curtidens Klimaszewski (Vancouver, Canada) and A. trisulcata Weise (Chiba, Japan) used in a previous study were misidentifications of A. fucicola Sharp and A. zerchei (Assing), respectively. Five independent origins of specialisation to coastal habitat in the genus Aleochara (clades A–E) are hypothesised, of which A. blackburni has independently colonised the Southern Australian coast (clade E).