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The archipelago is the basic civilization territory of the local culture. The mindset of the archipelago community in Malaysia in facing the national policies related to national culture is not clearly stated in previous studies. This paper, therefore, attempts to highlight this aspect by examining quantitative data via survey methods. Survey forms are utilized to obtain real public reflections on the understanding, perception, and effectiveness of national cultural policies. A total of 450 respondents of different ethnicities, religions, ages and social backgrounds were selected to represent the island population throughout Malaysia. Respondents aged 20 to 49 years constituted almost 90% of the total sample. The selection of this group is high because they an active crowd in the development of the country. The group of participants aged 50 to 69 years is 10% of the total sample. This group of people are considered highly experienced in life because they being involved in national development directly and indirectly. The method of Structural Equation Modelling and Smart Partial Least Square 3.0 software were fully utilized in this study. This study indicates that the archipelago community is very understands and fully accepts the policies in Malaysia related to national culture that have been introduced since 1971 (Dasar Kebudayaan Kebangsaan). This study also highlights a model of Malaysian archipelago community mindset pattern in relation to the national culture. The Malaysian Archipelago Community Cultural Mindset Model describes the social impact of Malaysia's community in relation to aspects of unity and identity. This study has important implications for a pragmatic national cultural theory framework in Malaysia, especially through the Nation Cultural Policy 2021 (DAKEN2021) as well as the application of national agendas related to modernization, education, unity and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose: Dialectical studies scrutinised the closeness, kinship or genealogy of dialects derived from a language. Previous scholars divide Malay dialects in Peninsular Malaysia into four main clusters. The first cluster are the Johor-Melaka-Selangor and Central Perak. The second cluster is a group that spreads from the Patani region covering the Patani-Kelantan-Terengganu dialect. The third is the Negeri Sembilan cluster, and the fourth is the Kedah dialect. Generally, the Kedah dialect is divided into seven groups, covering Kedah (including Langkawi), Perlis, Penang and northern Perak Taiping. This study aims to investigate the Malay dialect variants in Langkawi Island via the Historical Linguistics approach and qualitative comparison research design. Methodology: This study utilised the qualitative research method. A total of 23 native speakers of Langkawi Malay dialect participated in this study. These informants were selected using NORM (an acronym for non-mobile, older, rural and males). Data collection mainly used several techniques such as interviews, recordings, and observations. The data were analysed based on the scope of comparative linguistics. Findings: The findings show that there are five characteristics of separated innovation between the Kuah and Air Hangat variants in one group and the Kedawang variant in other groups. Furthermore, there are nine innovations that separate the Langkawi Malay dialect from the Proto Malayik language. This study indicates that the Kedawang variant is an earlier variant apart from the Kuah and Air Hangat variants. Contributions: In addition to further strengthen the research on the various dialects spoken in Malaysia, this study attempts to highlight the complete description of the Kedah dialect varieties. This study also contributes to the science of Malay language variants and Malay Dialectology studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malay in higher education institutions in Thailand have become the preferred choice by students in learning foreign languages. The same goes for Rajabhat Yala University. After the government gave leeway in implementing the teaching and learning of foreign languages, Malay language is not just used as undergraduate courses, sujbek compulsory and optional subjects, even the Malay language became one of the university's identity. This study was conducted to see the acceptance of Malay language among respondents Rajabaht University Yala consisting of 30 students who took a course in Bachelor of Malay Language Program. This research is a descriptive study using quantitative methods to analyze the level of acceptance of Malay language among the respondents. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire designed and designed by the researcher. The questionnaire consisted of 20 items. The study found that the attitude of the general acceptance of Malay respondents have a reception at the medium level, which has a mean score of 3.97 and a standard deviation of 0.66. It was found that thirteen items reached the mean score at a moderate level and only seven items reached the mean score at a high level. Acceptance BRU respondents who have the highest mean score is in the item 'Malay language should be given full freedom to grow and develop' with a mean score of 4.80 and a standard deviation of 0.41. The findings of this study can serve as a guide for Malay educators in YRU or any other university in Thailand in instilling love for the Malay language and to understand the function and role of the Malay language in the international arena. This, thus fosters acceptance of the Malay language among students, as an importance language, at an accepted level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This is a preliminary study to seek the influence of the socio-cultural one of aboriginal communities, Kanaq tribe on their acceptance of external elements other than their culture. The external element focused on this study is the mastery of the second language, which is Malay Language. Qualitative method is used this study consisting of literature study and fieldwork. Through the field method, the researcher used interviewing techniques and observation. Five respondents were involved in this study consisting of three Kanaqan teenagers and two experts. The location of this study was Kampung Sungai Selangi, Kota Tinggi, Johor. This study found that Kanaq tribe has strong sociocultural and refused external elements that can help to improve their quality of life. This explains the need for community of aboriginals' socio-cultural to be raised in order to help them master in Malay Language. Through the discussion of this issue, this paper proposes an implementation of ethnographic approach from a socio-cultural perspective faced by the aboriginal community in mastering Malay Language. It is important that these issues are assessed and understood in more depth and comprehensiveness. This research may provide a proposal for the development of the language learning model framework, especially at the secondary school level in assisting the aboriginal community to master in Malay language by taking their socio-cultural aspects of their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focused on Selangor's Malay Dialect which is Jugra Dialect in Malaysia particularly in phonological aspect involving the inventory system and processes of phonology. This research also implies a qualitative study and data was perused using Descriptive Linguistic method to acquire more details about Jugra Dialect. Area of data collecting includes eleven villages in Jugra District which are Kampung Sungai Buaya, Kampung Teluk Pulai, Bandar, Kampung Sungai Arak, Kampung Sungai Igat, Chodoi, Pulau Nyatoh, Sungai Raba, Katong, Permatang Pasir, dan Kelanang. In addition, variant of Jugra Dialect also can be categorized by three variants which are Sungai Buaya variant, Pulau Nyatoh variant, and Kelanang variant. It is shown that there are seven phonemes vowel and only three phonemes consonants which are ⊗ and its allophone, overlapping stops, and final position of /s/ in Jugra dialect. Thus, despite of phonological analysis among earlier researchers, this study tend to show new perspective of Selangor dialect especially in phonological aspect which can be discovered in inventory phonemes features and processes of phonology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on the Malay homeland (Austronesian) have never been ceased to discuss by neither scholars of cultural studies nor linguistics. There were claims that the Malays came from China and Taiwan, and nowhere else in the world but this archipelago. In this regard, we argue that the relation among Malay dialects has not been studied thoroughly. Therefore this study focuses on the existence of Malay dialects in the southwest territory of the South China Sea covering Tioman Island-Aur-Pemanggil. This study attempts to discuss the status of joint innovation inherent in the Tioman Island-Aur-Pemanggil dialects. The discussion on the joint innovation of the Tioman Island-Aur-Pemanggil dialects uses qualitative comparative methods. In order to obtain the joint innovation features, comparison of vowels, diphthongs and consonants between ancient Malay and Tioman Island-Aur-Pemanggil dialectswas conducted. The discussion shows there are innovation and retention features inherited in the Tioman Island-Aur-Pemanggil dialects of Malay in Tekek, Juara and Salang variants. By having the linguistics data, it reveals that Malays or Austronesian people had made the archipelago as their residential area. Thus, Austronesian people were originally from the north (China and Taiwan) as claimed by western linguists is untrue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses one variant Melanau (VM) in Sarawak, namely variants Melanau Oya (VM OA). The objective in this paper is to evaluate and reorganize aspects of phonology which has yet to get clarification on a number of studies on VM OA especially in determining the amount of phoneme inventory. Therefore, this study aimed to affect aspects of phonetics and phonology to describe how the phonological system VM OA with displays spread vowel, diphthong, consonant and see the presence of alternation in this OA VM. The approach used to achieve the objectives of this study is the structural approach. The results prove that the VM OA has 6 vowel phonemes, namely / i, u, e, o, ↔ a/, four diphthongs /-oj, -aw, -aj, -ej / and have 20 consonant phonemes which consist of seven explosive consonants/p, b, t, d, k, g, /, two africate consonants/t∑, dZ/, three fricative consonants/s, h/, four nasal consonants/m, n, /, a vibration consonant / r /, a lateral consonant / l / and two semi-vowel consonants / w, j /. This research hopes to find something missing, reveal the hidden and produce a breakthrough. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is an attempt to illustrate native Malay confusion profile via the use of word 'di' in essay writing. The profile is scrutinized using Error Analysis findings on research data. Data of this study is a set of grammar mistakes particularly the incorrect use of word 'di' the writings of 50 KIRKHS IIUM students. This study found that the students showed confusion in using the word as either a prefix or a preposition. The confusion is categorized due to 'error' and 'mistake' problem. This finding gives significant implications to the teachers and learners in order to overcome the mistake and confusion among the students. It is also significant to the tertiary educational policy (IPT) in terms of maintaining the prestigious of national language in Malaysia, i.e. Bahasa Melayu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to show the phoneme inventory in Penang sub dialect and compare the phonology process of this sub dialect with Kedah Malay standard dialect. The data was collected at Kampung Sungai Burung, Balik Pulau, in Penang. Kampung Sungai Burung was the most rural village that situated at Balik Pulau. A women with low education, comes from that village and never migrated to other village was chosen as our informant. Many assume that Penang sub dialect is the variation of the Kedah Malay dialect, so they claim that this sub dialect is similar with Kedah Malay dialect. Based on our analysis, the distribution of consonant in this sub dialect is totally different from the standard variant of Kedah. Other than that, the phonology process in this sub dialect also different compared with standard variant of Kedah Malay. The process of vocal deletion and the process of nasal-obstruent assimilation will be analysis in this study. The results of this study intended to prove to the audience that Penang sub dialect has its own characteristic that distinguishes it from other Kedah Malay sub dialects and Kedah Malay standard dialect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation and retention are the important concept in historical comparative linguistics. Innovation refer to the changeable feature of the proto language in the actual languages and dialects; while, retention are the unchangeable feature of the proto language in the actual languages and dialects. This article is an attempt to discuss the innovation and retention features which exisst in the Hulu Tembeling's dialect (DHT). This article specifically focused on one of the innovation and retention features of DHT, that is, the change of nasal consonant in final position and the retention of the high vowel in prepenultimate position. The analysis was based on common comparative linguistic approach in order to determine whether the sound is categorized as innovation or retention. Therefore, the data of the Hulu Tembeling dialect is compared to the Proto-Malayic (MP) as reconstructed by Adelaar (1992) because of the closed relationship between the two different levels of languages. The comparative approach which is used in this study is based on the research hypotheses that the different realisation of MP's sound in Hulu Tembeling is innovation, whereas the same realisation of MP's sound in that dialect is retention. The innovation and retention features were then related to a few factors such as tentative classifations between Hulu Terengganu dan Hulu Tembeling dialect, change in progress and the existence of dialect continuum in Pahang River Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents some key findings from a study of the realisation of the voicing contrast in the speech performance of Malay students in UKM. Acoustics measurements (via spectrographic analysis) were taken of VOT, closure duration, voicing during closure, vowel duration and voice bar of plosive /p, b, t, d, k, g/. For the purpose of final plosives investigation, specific measurements were taken of overall duration of a syllable rhyme and its phonation patterns (Open Quotient, F1 Bandwidth and Spectral Tilt). The results shows that Malay are characterised with Short Voicing Lag (SVL; unvoiced plosives) vs. Voicing Lead (VLd; voiced plosives). This study also indicates the neutralisation pattern of plosive voicing contrast in Malay word final position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents key findings from a study on the realisation of the initial plosives voicing contrast in the speech performance of learners of English whose first language is Malay. This paper also presents the results of an acoustic study of the Malay voicing contrasts with a focus on acoustic measures. Waveform and spectrogram samples were used for segmentation of utterances and for obtaining values for each measurement. Measurements were taken of VOT of initial phase of selected segments occurring singly. VOT measurements were made (to the nearest msec) from the plosive release burst to the first periodic cycle of the vowel. The release burst refers to the point at which there was a sudden spread in spectral energy indicating articulatory release. For the prevoiced tokens, VOT was measured from the onset of periodicity (which shows a visible periodic signal with low frequency energy) and assigned a negative value. Results are then presented on the realisation of the voicing contrast in English spoken by Malay speakers. The results are discussed in light of the acquisition of L2 (English) sound patterning, focusing in particular on the situation presented by acquiring L2 within an L1 (Malay) context. This study (via spectrographic analysis) demonstrates that where there is phonemic similarity (but phonetic dissimilarity) across Malay and English, L1 phonetic properties are found to be strong for Malay learners of English in the L1 environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]