1. Nature Communications
- Author
-
Adam R. Wespiser, Don Gilbert, Vincent Croset, Joseph J. Gillespie, Renfu Shao, Timothy J. Kurtti, Julio Rozas, Hugh M. Robertson, Stephen C. Barker, Karen E. Nelson, Ketaki Bhide, Yoonseong Park, Brooke W. Bissinger, Patricia V. Pietrantonio, Joao H. F. Pedra, Janice P. Van Zee, Peter Arensburger, Hyeogsun Kwon, Timothy P. Driscoll, Daniel Lawson, Ryan C. Kennedy, Emma G. Lang, David Jiang, Jessica B. Hostetler, Jesús Vázquez, Zhijian Jake Tu, José de la Fuente, Bruce W. Birren, Juraj Koči, David R. Nelson, Catherine A. Hill, Brian P. Walenz, Frank Hauser, Cornelis J. P. Grimmelikhuijzen, Mathangi Thiagarajan, Andrew B. Nuss, Richard Benton, Linda Hannick, Kristin Lees, Stephen K. Wikel, Daniel R. Caffrey, Evgeny M. Zdobnov, Jason R. Miller, Elisabet Caler, Melissa J. Caimano, José M. C. Ribeiro, Jeffrey M. Grabowski, Elena Bonzón-Kulichenko, Monika Gulia-Nuss, Marta Tojo, Daniel E. Sonenshine, Joyce M. Sakamoto, Rushika Perera, Sergey Koren, R. Michael Roe, Nieves Ayllón, Qiandong Zeng, Jyothi Thimmapuram, Katherine M. Kocan, Jenica L. Abrudan, Gloria I. Giraldo-Calderón, Margarita Villar, David B. Sattelle, Alejandro Sánchez-Gracia, Francisca C. Almeida, Donghun Kim, Granger G. Sutton, Richard J. Kuhn, Maiara S. Severo, Sayed M.S. Khalil, Jiwei Zhu, Cristian Tornador, Shelby L. Bidwell, Vinita Joardar, Jose M. C. Tubio, Robert M. Waterhouse, Justin D. Radolf, Martin Hammond, Sarah Young, Steven D. Buckingham, Frank H. Collins, Yumin Qi, Ladislav Šimo, Maria F. Unger, Jason M. Meyer, Karyn Megy, Neal S. Silverman, Filipe G. Vieira, Martin Shumway, Jennifer R. Wortman, Claire M. Fraser, Yunlong Yang, Vishvanath Nene, Waterhouse, Robert, Zdobnov, Evgeny, University of Nevada, Partenaires INRAE, Department of Entomology, Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System-Michigan State University System, Department Biotechnology, University of São Paulo (USP), Department of Biological Sciences, The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), North Carolina State University, Center for High Performance Simulation and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), University College of London [London] (UCL), SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University [Stillwater], National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Deseases (NIAID), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), VectorBase, Purdue University, J. Craig Venter Institute [La Jolla, USA] (JCVI), University of Notre Dame [Indiana] (UND), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), University of Massachusetts Medical School [Worcester] (UMASS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), University of Connecticut (UCONN), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University [Blacksburg], Department of Biology, Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System-Indiana University System, Department of Biochemistry [Blacksburg], Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], Agricultural Research Center, Texas A&M University System, Minnesota State University, University of Manchester [Manchester], Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California-University of California, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, University of California [Riverside] (UCR), University of California, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), University of Barcelona, California State Polytechnic University [Pomona] (CAL POLY POMONA), University of Queensland [Brisbane], University of the Sunshine Coast (USC), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), University of Tennessee, Universidade de Vigo, Cancer Genome Project, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], University of Illinois, University of Illinois System, Quinnipiac University, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services (NIAID, NIH, DHHS) [N01-AI30071, HHSN272200900007C, HHSN266200400001C, 5R01GM77117-5], NIH-NIAID [HHSN266200400039C, HHSN272200900039C], Australian Research Council [DP120100240], Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of Spain [BFU2007-6292, BFU2010-15484, BIO2009-07990, BIO2012-37926], NIH [1R01AI090062, 1R21AI096268, HHSN272200900040C, R01AI017828, R01AI043006], NSF [IOS-0949194], Xunta de Galicia of Spain [10PXIB918057PR], EU FP7 ANTIGONE [278976], USDA-NRI/CREES [2008-35302-18820], Texas AgriLife Research Vector Biology grant, European Research Council Starting Independent, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Biochemistry, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, NIH - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) (Estados Unidos), National Institutes of Health (Estados Unidos), Australian Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), United States of Department of Health & Human Services, National Science Foundation (Estados Unidos), Xunta de Galicia (España), Unión Europea. Comisión Europea, United States Department of Agriculture. National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Texas AgriLife Research, European Research Council, Swiss National Science Foundation, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Lundbeck Foundation, Broad Genomics Platform, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (US), National Institutes of Health (US), Department of Health and Human Services (US), National Science Foundation (US), Xunta de Galicia, European Commission, Department of Agriculture (US), Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds, Gulia-Nuss, Monika, and Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,beetle tribolium-castaneum ,Langat virus ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,General Physics and Astronomy ,PROTEIN ,CATTLE TICK ,Xenopus laevis ,Lyme disease ,anaplasma-phagocytophilum infection ,Lyme Disease/transmission ,ddc:576.5 ,BEETLE TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM ,Genetics ,Lyme Disease ,Genome ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Ecology ,cattle tick ,evolutionary analyses ,CHEMOSENSORY RECEPTORS ,Babesiosis ,Genomics ,drosophila ,3. Good health ,Ixodes/genetics ,DROSOPHILA ,Ixodes scapularis ,LIFE-STYLE ,chemosensory receptors ,Anaplasma phagocytophilum ,life-style ,Human granulocytic anaplasmosis ,boophilus-microplus ,united-states ,protein ,Science ,Ligand-Gated Ion Channels/genetics ,UNITED-STATES ,Tick ,ANAPLASMA-PHAGOCYTOPHILUM INFECTION ,Article ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Arachnid Vectors/genetics ,03 medical and health sciences ,BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Animals ,Ixodes ,Gene Expression Profiling ,General Chemistry ,Ligand-Gated Ion Channels ,Genome/genetics ,Oocytes ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,EVOLUTIONARY ANALYSES ,030104 developmental biology ,Arachnid Vectors - Abstract
Ticks transmit more pathogens to humans and animals than any other arthropod. We describe the 2.1 Gbp nuclear genome of the tick, Ixodes scapularis (Say), which vectors pathogens that cause Lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, babesiosis and other diseases. The large genome reflects accumulation of repetitive DNA, new lineages of retro-transposons, and gene architecture patterns resembling ancient metazoans rather than pancrustaceans. Annotation of scaffolds representing ∼57% of the genome, reveals 20,486 protein-coding genes and expansions of gene families associated with tick–host interactions. We report insights from genome analyses into parasitic processes unique to ticks, including host ‘questing’, prolonged feeding, cuticle synthesis, blood meal concentration, novel methods of haemoglobin digestion, haem detoxification, vitellogenesis and prolonged off-host survival. We identify proteins associated with the agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, an emerging disease, and the encephalitis-causing Langat virus, and a population structure correlated to life-history traits and transmission of the Lyme disease agent., This project has been funded in part with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services (NIAID, NIH, DHHS) under contract numbers N01-AI30071, HHSN272200900007C, HHSN266200400001C and 5R01GM77117-5. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official views of the NIH. Additional grants and contracts supporting work described in this manuscript were from the NIH-NIAID (HHSN266200400039C and HHSN272200900039C) to F.H.C., and a subcontract under HHSN272200900039C to C.A.H. and J.M.M., the Australian Research Council Discovery Project (DP120100240) to S.C.B. and R.S., the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain (BFU2007–6292; BFU2010–15484) to J.R., BIO2009–07990 and BIO2012–37926 to J.V. NIH-1R01AI090062 to Y.P., L.S., and J.K., NIH 1R21AI096268 and NSF IOS-0949194 to R.M.R., the Xunta de Galicia of Spain (10PXIB918057PR) to J.M.C.T. and M.T., BFU2011–23896 and EU FP7 ANTIGONE (278976) to J.F., the USDA-NRI/CREES (2008-35302-18820) and Texas AgriLife Research Vector Biology grant to P.V.P. and European Research Council Starting Independent Researcher Grant (205202) to R.B., J.M.R was supported by the intramural program of the NIAID, R.M.W. by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship PIOF-GA-2011–303312, E.M.Z. by Swiss National Science Foundation awards 31003A-125350 and 31003A-143936, J.M.G. by an NIH-NCATS award TL1 TR000162 and NSF Graduate Research Fellowship (DGE 1333468), V.C. by a Boehringer Ingelheim Ph.D. Fellowship, F.G.V. by a Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal fellowship (SFRH/BD/22360/2005), C.J.P.G. and F.H. by The Lundbeck Foundation (Denmark), and J.J.G. by NIH awards HHSN272200900040C, R01AI017828 and R01AI043006. Support from the Broad Genomics Platform is gratefully acknowledged.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF