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This study revises an expanded Carex section Inversae for New Zealand. Eleven indigenous species are recognised, 10 of which are endemic. Notable features are the presence of unisexual spikes associated with gynodioecious and dioecious sexual systems, androgyny, and diandry. Based on results from morphometric analyses of Carex kirkii s.l., C. kirkii var. membranacea is raised to specific rank as C. ambita, C. pilifolia is described as new to science, and C. kirkii var. elatior is identified as a hybrid. Carex kirkii s.s. is found in alpine tussock grasslands and herbfield, C. ambita is a montane species of inland tarns, wetlands and tussock grasslands, and C. pilifolia is part of a rich turf kettlehole flora on moraine in the inter-montane basins of the eastern South Island. Both gynecandry and androgyny are present, with androgyny associated with diandry and found in all seven endemic androgynous species: C. ambita, C. kaloides, C. kirkii, C. muelleri, C. pilifolia, C. pterocarpa, and C. trachycarpa. Carex kaloides is the only species exhibiting an orange or reddish leaf coloration, a trait also observed in species of three other lineages of Carex in New Zealand. Typifications for three taxa are proposed: C. kirkii var. membranacea, C. pterocarpa, and C. inversa var. radicata. Updated descriptions, distributions, illustrations, habitat notes, and a diagnostic key are provided. Threat statuses are assessed for all species. Two species are reported as threatened, C. pilifolia is assessed as Nationally Critical, and C. ambita is assessed as Nationally Vulnerable, following the New Zealand Threat Classification System. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We currently live at the end of the perspectival era, which, nonetheless, is still dominant in areas of social structures and institutions. To adopt an awareness system better suited to experience complexity, we need to be able to see and communicate beyond the linear order. One of the ways of developing such a mode of communication, is to invite creative expressions, such as complex music. This article argues that IT tools like software and AI can be used alongside acoustic instrumentation in musical composition in ways that support expression of both male (Animus) and female (Anima) Jungian gender archetypes. Such music is characterized by complex androgynous structures supporting creativity. Drawing parallels between acoustic instrumentation (Anima) and electronic instrumentation (Animus), the article analyses two musical compositions by Dobromiła Jaskot as examples of a fused music process, suggesting that creative possibilities lie in the androgynous instant when these two gendered energies meet. The contribution of this paper is consists of demonstrating how creative energies related to the archetype of the Androgyne can provide space for creative breathing, whereby rupturing the dominant linear order and inviting aperspectival thinking into social communication. Moreover, our pluridisciplinary approach also helps to bring out complexity: we combine sociological, philosophical and musicological ideas in order to better understand the creative process in music. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lingüística y Literatura is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

What about sex is chosen, and why are trans people made to pose the question? This article reads Coleridgean androgyny as an instance of "trans allegory": the use of trans figures to exemplify how sex and gender work. It demonstrates the centrality of the will to Coleridge's ethics of sexual differentiation and to figurations of the historical trans categories—androgyne, transvestite, transsexual—that literary critics have used to interpret androgyny ever since. Considering trans people have long served as intertexts for studying androgyny, cis Romanticists can hardly shy away from transness now that we are joining the conversation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the gender landscape has been experiencing a significant amount of change and flexibility in many parts of the world over the past few decades, societal messages regarding gender roles and expectations can still remain conventional. It is likely that such a perplexing paradox becomes reinforced while portraying male or female characters in fiction. Inspired by Sandra Bem's gender schema theory introduced in 1981, this research aims to examine gender representations in the protagonists of two novels, namely The Blind Assassin and One Sentence Is Ten Thousand Sentences. Iris Chase and Yung Baishun (Wu Moxi) are analyzed according to a modified version of The Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BRSI) to see whether they're sex-typed (masculine or feminine) or androgynous. The results calculated in an "androgyny ratio" (AR) indicate that while Atwood's character is marked as feminine, Yung Baishun is characterized as androgynous according to BRSI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between trauma and adherence to gender roles among a sample of Hurricane Harvey survivors (N = 225). Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) resulting from natural disasters has been associated with an increased risk of negative psychological outcomes. Previous studies have found increased risks of PTSD resulting from hurricane exposure, and there also appears to be a correlation between PTSD and gender. Specifically, women have been found to be more likely to endorse PTSD symptoms. However, this relationship has not yet been examined specifically among survivors of trauma from natural disasters. The Hayes Process Macro (v3.5) was utilized to test for the potential moderating effect of adherence to traditional gender roles on the relationship between trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms, as well as trauma exposure and depression. Results indicated that adherence to traditional female gender roles significantly moderated the relationships both between trauma severity and PTSD symptoms and between trauma severity and depression. Those with more androgynous gender roles have been found to have an increased ability to utilize more situation-specific coping skills. Future research could explore the specific aspects of traditional female and male gender roles that increase or decrease ability to cope with trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the framework of queer readings, following feminist interpretations of the biblical creation accounts, Adam as an androgynous creature and the division of the double-faced first human are discussed. Within rabbinic literature two Jewish traditions are found which are based on Plato's unique, strange myth of the circle-men in his work Symposium: First, it was imagined that the first human combined both genders in himself. Second, it was suggested that two persons were created in one. This has been illustrated by the double-faced image of the first human who finally has been divided. Already at the beginning of the 20th century the godlikeness of the "homosexual" was asserted in connection with Genesis 1,27. Now a queer rereading of this Bible verse is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past few years, India has witnessed cataclysmic incidents of intermittent violence under the banner of Hindutva. Hindutva is a political ideology which works on extremist agenda to establish a homogenized cultural hegemony by focussing on exclusivist interests of Hindu majoritarian. It advocates revisionist attitude towards Hindu mythical figures by projecting them as prototypes of hypermasculinity to coax common Hindus with pseudo-patriotism. This article discusses on how Hindutva uses the principle of masculinity as its conceptual framework and its ramification on the socio-cultural fabric of India. It also deliberates on the fundamental essence of bhakti tradition, which largely contests Hindutva on ideological plane. Furthermore, it demonstrates the significance of bhakti literature in the present social context by alluding to the rich repository of saint poets whose verses critique Hindutva with a message of humanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this interview about the newly released Queer Tolstoy: A Psychobiography (Routledge Mental Health, 2023), John P. Clark and Javier Sethness explore the life and times of Count Leo Tolstoy from a queer-anarchist perspective. In this dialogue, Clark and Sethness delve into the rationale for, and the creative process of, Queer Tolstoy. They do so by comparing and contrasting the volume's highlighting of the intersection of Tolstoy's anarchism and underappreciated queerness, in biographical and literary terms, with other recent works that have explored the relationship between social revolution and sexual love. Furthermore, the interlocutors discuss the politics of androgyny and queerness, apply Freudian and Marcusean concepts of bisexuality and Eros to Tolstoy's life, analyze Tolstoyan classics from a queer-friendly lens, and place Tolstoy in conversation with contemporary and future revolutionaries, from Joseph Déjacque to Andrea Dworkin and bell hooks. This wide-ranging conversation covers gender and sexuality, LGBTQ+ experience, Russian history, the phenomenon of holy fools, radicalism, mortality, and ecology, among other important topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Traditionally, gender has been viewed through an essentialist lens with fixed biology-based traits or polarized gender norms between women and men. As awareness of gender diversity grows, increasingly more people are coming out as nonbinary – or not exclusively a man or woman. Little has been explored regarding experiences unique to nonbinary individuals, particularly beyond a focus on adverse risks and outcomes to understand their wellbeing. This article discusses gendered experiences and the construction of wellbeing among nonbinary individuals. Aim: The purpose of this study was to conceptualize wellbeing as a complex multidimensional phenomenon through nonbinary individuals' perspectives. Methods: A virtual PhotoVoice study was conducted with 17 nonbinary adults in the Midwestern United States who participated in online group discussions and in-depth semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed with thematic analysis. Results: The analysis identified five core dimensions of nonbinary wellbeing: 1) Security, 2) Mental and physical health, 3) Autonomy, 4) Belonging, and 5) Gender positivity. Exemplary definitions of wellbeing are also presented. Discussion: Understanding how nonbinary individuals thrive challenges the framing of gender diverse experiences in adversity and presents a more holistic portrayal that community members and allies can strive toward. This study contributes an intersectional understanding of wellbeing in relation to identities of race, culture, age, disability, neurodiversity, and sociopolitical geographical context. The findings of this study can aid in practice, advocacy, and research to bolster the wellbeing of nonbinary people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Men who have sex with men are at increased risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections. Although behavioral and contextual interventions have improved, infections are still spreading. A new focus is needed regarding the influence of sexual compulsivity and gender self-identification. The objective was to explore the relationship between SC and gender stereotype self-identification in MSM in Spain. A cross-sectional study based on an anonymous online survey of a sample of 881 MSM in Spain was performed. A validated Sexual Compulsivity Scale was applied as well as the Bem Sex Role Inventory to identify gender stereotype self-identification. A total of 87.5% of participants identified as gay, while 106 (12%) were sexually compulsive. The Bem Sex Role Inventory showed excellent reliability (0.92 Cronbach's alpha). Gender stereotype classification showed the undifferentiated category as predominant (n = 325; 36.9%). The androgynous category had higher scores on the Sexual Compulsivity Scale, while the feminine category had lower scores (p < 0.007). Those identifying as androgynous scored higher overall on the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (15; p < 0.001; [12–20]) and subscales ("Interference of sexual behavior" (5; p < 0.001; [4–7]) and "Failure to control sexual impulses" (9; p = 0.014; [7–12])). Education level, cohabitation, sexual role, and unprotected sexual practices are related to sexual compulsivity according to different gender stereotypes. Sexual compulsivity is related to gender stereotype self-identification in men who have sex with men. Specific sociodemographic, behavior, and sexual profiles exist for those at greater risk of sexually transmitted infection dissemination. The undifferentiated category is at greater risk of engaging in unprotected practices. New avenues of prevention that include these findings could shift heteronormative standards to better understand current trends in the sexual health of men who have sex with men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postulating a negative bias towards social ambiguity, we conducted cross‐cultural online research to assess whether categorical discrepancies in the perception of androgynous faces were associated with the uncanny feeling and inferences of different morality. Across four studies, we found that androgynous faces were harder to classify into a binary sex category than sex‐typical faces, but this difficulty did not influence social judgements of androgynous targets in a negative fashion. In Study 1 (Spanish‐speaking sample, N = 76), we found that androgynous faces were rated as more trustworthy, less creepy, and less morally different than sex‐typical faces. Study 2 replicated most of the findings from Study 1 in an Italian sample (N = 45). Positive bias towards androgyny was not replicated with a different set of stimuli featuring faces of diverse ethnic backgrounds (Study 3, Spanish‐speaking sample, N = 140). However, results revealed a main effect of ethnicity in participants' responses. When controlling for the effect of morphing procedures in stimuli selection, an overall positive bias towards androgynous targets arose, especially when compared to masculine targets (Study 4, Spanish‐speaking sample, N = 85). These findings suggest that, at least in certain conditions, a positive social bias towards androgynous faces may emerge that does not depend on categorical uncertainty and facial attractiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal on Masculinities & Social Change / Masculinidades y Cambio Social is the property of Journal on Masculinities & Social Change / Masculinidades y Cambio Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article focuses on artistic and aesthetic practices within the idealist and symbolist movements of the late 19th century in France. It investigates how artists and art critics embraced androgynous imaginaries derived from Greco-Roman antiquity and the Platonic myth, transforming them into tools for social and sexual emancipation and giving rise to a proto-queer vision. An analysis of the art of Alexandre Séon, Odilon Redon, Jeanne Jacquemin, and Léonard Sarluis, in conjunction with the symbolist theories of Joséphin Péladan, Gabriel-Albert Aurier, and Émile Verhaeren, reveals an idealistic pursuit grounded in the union of the masculine and the feminine through the act of creation. Through the examination of artworks, contemporary critical discourse, and the personal correspondence of these art figures, this study posits that the androgyne serves as a heuristic model for a queer art history. The ideal androgyne, as theorized in Freud's psychoanalytic writings, can function as a methodological paradigm in art studies as a tool for visualizing and conceptualizing homosexuality in art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Julie Andrews's character in The Sound of Music (Robert Wise 1965) is in many ways the embodiment of an androgynous ideal that can be found in the mythical origins of numerous traditions. This is evident in the actress's childish and clumsy body movements, in her ambiguous anatomy, and in the dialogue she maintains with the Alpine landscape, which she engages with repeatedly in the film as if it were a kind of primordial environment for her. This article explores the evolution of the idea of androgyny over the course of Andrews's career, culminating nearly twenty years after the release of The Sound of Music with Victor/Victoria (Blake Edwards 1982), a film that foreshadows the contemporary notion of gender fluidity. Adopting a methodological discourse related to star studies and drawing on concepts from feminism and queer theory, this article dives into Andrews's filmography in an effort to clarify this narrative line and its development on the basis of key elements of her performance, such as the use of her body, gestures and the gaze. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research looks at women-centred Chinese competition-style programmes that are adapted from foreign TV formats and synthesise transnational televisual elements, idol cultures and gendered aesthetics. With particular attention to imaginaries of women with nonnormative gender and sexual identities, I expound how and why representations of female gender and sexuality on Chinese TV are fashioned by the intersected discourses on China's TV and cultural globalisations and digitisation, the party-state's manipulations and regulations of feminism, androgyny and homoeroticism, and the entertainment industry's capitalisation of queer women's stardom and fandom. My analysis reveals that the emergence, survival and endurance of queer women on Chinese TV has coincided with China's appropriations of both global formats and twenty-first-century idol girl group cultures. Through examining some key moments in popular idol group-cultivating shows produced in 2020 and 2021, I capture a multilevel, ambivalent queer convergence that transforms these televisual stages into queer-charging venues through which queer imaginaries of womanhood have actively incorporated local situations and transcultural televisual, gender and sexual knowledge to bypass, compromise with – and even partly connive with – the government's ideological and moral controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a few seasons in London theatres before the outbreak of the First World War, modernizations of historical costume embodied androgyny in both Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes and Harley Granville Barker's Savoy Shakespeare Productions. In Twelfth Night of 1912 and A Midsummer Night's Dream of 1914, cross-dressing, folkloric and magical characterization through costume performed a gender fluidity at the heart of both scenarios. In Prefaces to Shakespeare (1927–46), Barker positions Oberon's intersex hybridity as 'travesty'. The Savoy Productions reimagined the androgyny of the fairy characters supplanting the feminization and infantilization favoured in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century productions with the casting and costuming of Dennis Neilson Terry as Oberon and Donald Calthrop as Puck. Neglected archival evidence of Norman Wilkinson's drawings originally bequeathed to the Courtauld Institute and now in the V & A London reveal how his historical and 'Post-Impressionist' costume designs enrich understandings of these productions glimpsed in publicity photographs and reviews. These traces capture how the embodied interpretation of Barker's players performed a folkloric androgyny through gesture, movement and costume. Cross-dressing in modernized Elizabethan 'menswear' in Twelfth Night and the exotic golden and sylvan 'fairies' of The Dream reveal how costume amplified the performance of complexly fluid and androgynous gender on the Edwardian stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In the field of health sciences gender is often confused with biological sex (male/female) or reduced to a dichotomous classification (masculinity/femininity). The concepts of sex and gender interact with each other, but they are not equivalent. According to Sandra Bem four gender typologies can be established (androgynous, masculine, feminine and undifferentiated). A relationship has been shown to exist between gender and health. Yet, there is little evidence as to the relationship between gender typologies and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The aim of this research is to evaluate the association between Bem's gender typologies and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Methods: Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and Bem's gender typologies were the main variables. Sex, age, socioeconomic status (SES), body mass index (BMI) and obesity were analyzed as covariates. Results: Multilevel multivariate analysis showed that androgynous typology was associated with increased adherence to Mediterranean diet (β = 0.46 (SE 0.21), p = 0.033), adjusting by covariates, in a university population in Spain. Moreover, this was not the case with masculinity or femininity typologies. Conclusion: Thus, the results of this study suggest (1) that androgynous typology is not only associated with better mental health but also with healthy/healthier lifestyles, and (2) the complexity of the relationship between sex-gender and health would advise researchers avoid dichotomies such as male/female or masculinity/femininity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the recent state crackdown on effeminate stars labeled as niangpao (sissy pants), "insufficient" masculinity has once again become a focus of political controversy in China. Among these stars, Zhou Shen, a male pop singer known for his feminized voice and image, continues to enjoy immense popularity and perform in official programs. His growing fame and tolerance by the state call into question his cultural-political strategy. Conceptualizing Zhou's androgynous performance as a political effect of a series of co-optation, compromises and negotiations, this essay offers a contextualized reading of the complex ways in which competing and contradictory influences shape his expression. In tracing the practices that configure his stardom, we investigate how Zhou's androgyny paradoxically reaffirms and unsettles hegemonic norms in non-antagonistic ways. We describe how his engagement with Xi Jinping's China Dream creates an ambivalent space for negotiating established norms. We argue that Zhou's phenomenal success rests with the fusion of contradictory elements into his performances and his ability to cut across binary classifications. This process has nurtured a politics of ambivalence marked by ambiguity, confusion and contingency. It also sheds light on the limit and possibility of doing gender politics in an increasingly illiberal setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the seraphic gender and its main features as an essential part of groundless existence, which was symptomatic of the Ukrainian 1920s, and examines its existentialist intentions in literature, tracing its origin back to the early European modernist literature. The research closely refers to transformations of seraphic discourse throughout the 1910s-1940s and analyzes the unexplored chapters of the novel that influence the path of Doktor Serafikus. The elaborated theory of seraphic gender is presented through the following components: first, the meaningful constituents of seraphicity viewed through the early modernist perspective on sexuality and gender (androgyny, "imaginary sexuality," and homosexuality); secondly the interrelations of desire and writing; and thirdly, seraphicity in its expanded definition as an anthropomorphic landscape and its dissolution in music. The research is based on a partial reconstruction of s the cultural and historical circumstances that contributed to the evolution of Doktor Serafikus, as well as feminist psychoanalytic criticism as proposed by Julia Kristeva and a post-structural approach to textual analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Birte Bruchmüller's doctoral thesis, "Spiritual transcendence and androgyny within Swedish and Finnish transnational Symbolism," explores the artworks of Swedish and Finnish artists from the late 19th century. The thesis focuses on the artists' engagement with the esoteric Symbolist movement in Paris and their exploration of spirituality and gender in their work. Bruchmüller's analysis is based on a comprehensive study of archival material and previous research, and she uses an "art historical hermeneutic model" to examine the artworks. The thesis sheds light on the transnational nature of Symbolism and challenges the nationalistic narratives that have dominated Nordic art history. [Extracted from the article]

This study explores gender issues in the historical narrative structure of A. S. Byatt's novel Possession: A Romance (1990) by critically examining women's exclusion from society, men's identity crisis in gender environments, and the separation and union between two sexes in the novel. To reveal these complicated gender issues, Byatt combines history with narrative, which accords well with Hayden White's historical narrative that fictive history can unveil historical truth. Additionally, Byatt's three levels of historical narratives echo Giambattista Vico's cycle of history to reveal the recurring gender issues in human history. In this respect, this study investigates how Byatt uses historical narratives to examine gender dilemmas of men and women to explore how characters free themselves from their gendered travails. In conclusion, Byatt employs historical narratives to reveal the recurring gender dilemmas and gender opposition in the history of human development. Meanwhile, Byatt is seeking a new type of gender relations in the cycle of human history as well--it is androgyny that liberates men and women from the limitation of defined gender roles and dissolves gendered conflicts to realize the union between body and soul in men and women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present literary study posits the argument that contemporary women's poetry depicts androgyny as a subversive tool against patriarchal order and gender-specific behaviors. The selected poetry of American and British women writers is explored for the representation of androgynous role and the ways it problematizes and challenges patriarchal stereotypical norms of gender identity and gender determined attitudes and performances. To substantiate the claim in relation to this particular motif in contemporary women's poetry, the theoretical concepts of flexible performativity, inter-gender egalitarianism and enhanced artistic capability from within the broader theory of Androgyny are applied to substantiate the claim in the analysis of the poetic works. A close reading of the selected poetry is done to show that androgyny is employed as a subversive tool in the selected body of creative writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early maladaptive schemas are solid and lasting negative beliefs held by people that affect all aspects of their lives. This study conducted a questionnaire survey of 201 middle school students to explore the relationship between early maladaptive schemas, gender-role types, and social adaptation. More importantly, it examined the mediating effect of gender traits on early maladaptive schemas and social adaptation. The results showed no differences in early maladaptive schemas between gender-role types, but significant differences in social adaptation between different gender-role types. Androgyny scored highest on social adaptation compared to other gender-role types, while undifferentiated scored lowest. The most critical thing was that gender traits partially mediated the influence of "Dependence on incapacity schema" and "Self-sacrifice schema" on social adaptation. This study suggests that the influence of family ecology on adolescents' social adaptation is durable and can be mediated by gender traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Phthalate esters (PAEs) are known to have hormone-like properties, and there is a growing trend of children expressing a gender identity different from assigned sex. However, there has been limited research in the potential links between PAEs exposure and gender identity. Methods: A total of 571 children (278 boys) completed the follow-up from Oct 2017 to Oct 2020 in Childhood Blood Pressure and Environmental Factors (CBPEF) cohort in Xiamen, China. Urinary PAE metabolites were measured at three time of visits using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The Children's Sex Role Inventory scale was used to assess gender identity (masculinity, femininity, androgyny and undifferentiated), and Tanner definition was used to define puberty timing. Generalized linear models and log-binomial regression were used to assess the relationships between PAEs exposure, gender trait scores and gender identity. Results: Overall, the concentration of most PAEs in more than 90% of participants was above the limit of detection values. In visit 1, there were 10.1% boys with femininity and 11.3% girls with masculinity; while these figures increased to 10.8% and 12.3% during follow-up, respectively. Early puberty onset accounted for 24.8% and 25.6% among boys and girls. Long-term exposure to mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) (β = 1.20, 95%CI = 0.13, 2.28), mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate (MEHHP) (β = 1.25, 95%CI = 0.22, 2.28) and mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate (MEOHP) (β = 1.40, 95%CI = 0.24, 2.56) was associated with the increased differences of femininity trait scores in boys who enter puberty earlier, prolonged exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) might also have such a positive impact (β = 1.38, 95%CI = 0.36, 2.41). For gender identity, persistent exposure to low molecular weight phthalates (LMWP) was negatively associated with undifferentiated type among boys entering puberty earlier (RR = 0.18, 95%CI = 0.05, 0.75, P < 0.05), and most of the PAE metabolites exposures showed risk ratios > 1 for their femininity. Conclusion: Long-term exposure to PAEs increase the femininity trait scores in boys with early onset of puberty. Although the mechanisms remain to be determined, environmental pollution might have subtle, yet measurable effects on childhood gender identity. Reducing these chemicals exposure has important public implications on gender development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the self-congruity theory, this study aims to investigate the effects of the four dimensions of destination personality (excitement, sincerity, competence, and androgyny) on symbolic congruity and functional congruity and further examine the effects of symbolic congruity and functional congruity on destination loyalty in the context of film tourism. A survey of 334 Mainland Chinese film tourists was conducted to collect data in Macao. The findings indicate that the four dimensions of destination personality have a significant impact on symbolic congruity and functional congruity, among which competence has the greatest influence on symbolic congruity, and sincerity has the strongest impact on functional congruity. Moreover, symbolic congruity has a higher impact on film tourists' destination loyalty than functional congruity. This study contributes to film tourism research by showing how destination personality influences destination loyalty through self-congruity. Suggestions are provided to film tourism destination marketers for film tourism development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The notion of psychological androgyny as a research tool loiters on in an incapacitated state. The lack of a general theory and the belief that the biological gender differences are insignificant to non-existent has been the seeds for its de-construction. Over the decades, the testing of ideas associated with androgyny has declined. Indeed, the debates over its usefulness as a construct ended long ago. The judgment nowadays is that debating the constructs of masculinity, femininity, and androgyny as behavioral traits has been long settled, and a contemporary revisiting of androgyny is not warranted. However, from another contemporary viewpoint, if androgyny is to have any future, it needs a new theory devoid of masculinity and femininity. We present a novel theory with the potential to do just that. This article details a new de-gendered theory of psychological androgyny, neo-androgyny, as a candidate to replace traditional models that are now considered outdated and irrelevant. We present five potential factors for inclusion in a de-gendered model: social efficacy, creativity, capability, eminence, and determination. We review these factors concerning the future of androgyny theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brand personality is not used only for goods and services, but also for the country, city and destinations. A positive and strong city brand personality benefits the city by attracting more tourists, receiving investments, increasing the satisfaction levels of city residents, and promoting and branding of the city. The main purpose of this study is to determine the city brand personality of Çorum province and to measure its effect on the life satisfaction of city residents. The scope of the study is comprised of city residents aged 18 years and over living in Çorum province. 387 people were included in the study. Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, regression analysis and clustering analysis were used in the study. As a result of the research, it was seen that the sub-dimension with the highest average among the city brand personality dimensions of the participants for the province of Çorum was traditionality, and the sub-dimension with the lowest average was androgyny. In addition, it is determined that competence and traditionalism have an effect on life satisfaction from the dimensions of the city brand personality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salix vitellina L., or golden willow, was described by C. Linnaeus in 1753. It was later considered to be affiliated with S. alba, and its taxonomic rank has been changed to variety, subspecies, and form. A recent proposal designated it as a form of S. alba × S. fragilis. The goal of this study was to verify the taxonomic designation of S. vitellina using morphological characteristics including ovule number. A few specimens of S. vitellina from Europe and North America, including the lectotype LINN1158.13, were analyzed. It was recorded that S. vitellina has an ovule index of 6–10, with most valves with four and five ovules and less than 50% of valves with five ovules. These ovule parameters were similar to those of S. alba. The other floral characteristics also indicated that S. vitellina is associated with S. alba. No signs of androgyny or flower aberrations, commonly occurring in willow hybrids, were found in the specimens of S. vitellina. Thus, the analyses did not corroborate the hybrid origin of S. vitellina. The ovule analysis also confirmed that f. chermesina with orange–red stems is also a taxon of S. alba, which differs from f. vitellina by a greater ovule index of 12–16. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study will focus on a distinctive relationship found in Gnostic mythologems that associates androgyny and revelation. In fact, this connection is present at any of the three levels in which Sethian Gnostic authors structure their cosmology (spiritual, psychic, and material), but it is not usually explicit. In this work, I will center my research on the manifestation of androgyny in the psychic and material levels, with special attention to the latter. My objective is to demonstrate that by taking elements from Christian, Jewish, and Platonic traditions, Gnostic authors give them a new meaning, creating performative myths that construct a new reality. Mental images of an androgynous monster, of an instructive beast that breaks the categories of social normativity, and through which initiates focus their desire and actualize it through gnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sermon that Juana de la Cruz (1481–1534) devoted to St Bartholomew offers an insight into her deep-seated and longstanding attachment to the saint as well as the transcendence of traditional boundaries and categories. Flaying, appraised as a metaphor capable of counterpointing the distinction between container and contained, destabilizes perceptions of identity, shedding light on both Juana's androgyny and the complexity of the relationship between Christ and the Virgin. It thereby becomes possible to build on advances in queer theory, approaching the sermon in terms of the gender-fluid dynamism of pious identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study draws on mixed methods research with further education middle managers across England in order to explore whether there are gendered differences in management. There remain debates about whether there are gender differences in management or leadership. The study adds to this debate with results that reveal that women and men are behaviourally flexible, employing a repertoire of knowledge, competencies and skills, which are not necessarily gendered, in order to manage change in an increasing neoliberal further education working environment. We therefore propose a novel theoretical contribution of neo-androgynous management, which suggests 'undoing gender' in management in an education sector that has seen increase in women's employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is concerned with the transgressive dimension of the Pet Shop Boys' works. As follows, the artists are situated in the cultural context that helps to understand their approach to popular music, with a focus on potentially transgressive aspects such as hybridisation, authenticity, maturity/adulthood, irony, androgyny, masculinity, and gayness. The case study to be presented here is The Resurrectionist, a song inspired by historical facts. Two possible readings of the song are suggested here; both tackle upon existing social norms, revealing their true nature and provoking the audience to question their validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Various research studies in the past have found biological gender to be a differentiator for money attitudes. However, the beliefs and attitudes that people have towards money can also be the result of the gender socialisation, which may have a greater impact on how one relates to money. Since, gender is an important aspect for understanding financial choices and decisions, it becomes pertinent to learn as to which aspect of gender, the biological or the psychological, impact the money attitudes and beliefs that a person holds. The purpose of this paper is to address this issue. Design/methodology/approach: This empirical work attempts to understand gender differences in money attitudes from the biological gender and psychological gender perspective. The Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and Tang's money ethic scale (MES) were used for this study. The hypotheses raised were tested on a sample of 224 respondents from India. Findings: The results suggested that money attitudes can be better understood when seen from the lens of psychological gender and not biological gender. Further, androgyny individuals were found to exhibit more balance in their money attitude dimensions than masculine or feminine individuals. Originality/value: Belief and attitudes towards money would impact how contented people are with the compensation they receive, their financial planning choices and also their financial well-being. This insightful study adds to the scant literature that exists on understanding money attitudes from psychological gender perspective and would pave the way for more work in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this qualitative and quantitative research paper is to explore the occurrences and relations of the anima, animus and androgynous in dreams, with particular emphasis on the consideration of the androgynous in the human psyche. The sample consists of 9 series of dreams (141 dreams in total), from 9 dreamers, 7 women (female sex/gender) and 2 men (male sex/gender), aged 25–57, heterosexual, undergoing Jungian psychotherapy, and presenting couple‐related themes. Statistical results and qualitative analysis offer new input for the re‐vision of the classical anima‐animus model, and the addition of in‐depth explorations into the androgynous, paving the way for a new model of psychopathology and psychotherapeutic clinical work, in transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Analytical Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A research model is designed to assess toxic and positive consumer behavior based on masculinity, femininity, and androgyny. New definitions of androgyny are developed, resulting in two types of consumer androgyny - hypo-androgyny and hyper-androgyny. Also, the hypotheses of the research model are assessed using a snowball sample beginning with young consumers enrolled in upper-division marketing classes at a large U.S. university. Results show important insights on the toxicity of certain consumer characteristics not only in individuals who measure high in masculinity, but also those others included in this study who are more feminine or androgynous. Results also offer findings indicating positive consumer characteristics for all consumer classifications of this research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amazon warriors were a source of intense fascination and anxiety for early modern English authors and audience members alike. As masculine women who functioned outside of male control, they threatened to collapse a socially imposed gender binary and hinted at the viability of a non-patriarchal social structure. Elizabethan authors such as William Shakespeare, Philip Sidney, and Edmund Spenser registered this apprehension by writing Amazonian characters who destabilize natural social order but are ultimately defeated through either re-domestication or destruction. These solutions are always imperfect, however, and the Amazon's subversive influence persists even after the Amazon herself is gone. The only complete and effective solution is to remove the Amazon altogether, allowing her to exist in her own discrete society. Under the reign of Queen Elizabeth, a masculine woman, this solution is impossible; only during the Restoration can the Amazon be dismissed rather than eradicated. This Restoration solution is exemplified in John Weston's forgotten 1667 play The Amazon Queen , in which the Amazon, because she is dismissed from patriarchal culture, is actually praised and admired. While still not compatible with a patriarchal society, Weston's Amazons, freed from direct comparison with Queen Elizabeth, become potential sources of entertainment and laudable virtue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Letonica is the property of University of Latvia, Institute of Literature, Folklore & Art and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the rapid development of network technology, the rise of livestreaming shopping platforms has followed. Some streamers influence consumers' preferences for products through their gender role attributes, thus generating great commercial value. Based on attachment theory and using an experimental approach, this study explored the impact of streamers' gender roles (single gender/androgyny) on consumers' preferences through 2 studies. Study 1 shows the androgynous streamer elicits a higher product preference than the single-gender (masculine and feminine) streamer. Study 2 demonstrates the moderating effect of gender stereotypes through 2 experiments to construct clear boundary conditions for the main effect and the results show that regardless of whether the streamer is male or female when individuals have a high gender stereotype, the single-gender streamer leads to a higher product preference than the androgynous streamer. When individuals have a low gender stereotype, the androgynous streamer promotes a higher product preference than the single-gender streamer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Varia História is the property of Varia Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Body image is typically studied through the framework of internalising gender binary standards of attractiveness. However, not all individuals adhere to traditional appearance norms. This study aimed to understand the meaning of cis (non-trans) individuals' androgynous or non-stereotypical body ideals and the actions they engage in to achieve these ideals. We recruited an online sample of 78 participants (42 cis women and 36 nonbinary individuals who also identified as cis). Participants responded to two open-ended prompts: 1) What does your androgynous or nonstereoypical body mean to you? and 2) What actions have you taken to achieve this ideal? Authors identified three overarching themes of what an androgynous body ideal meant to our participants. An androgynous appearance was central to participants' beauty standards, authenticity, and gender expression. To achieve or maintain an androgynous body ideal, participants described actions that altered their gender expression, primary and secondary sex characteristics, and body. Our findings underscore the way androgynous appearance ideals function to transgress binary gender in affirming ways to cis individuals. Further, recruiting on the basis of androgyny yielded a wider understanding of cis identity, as our participants were diverse across both sexuality (queer and heterosexual) and gender (women and nonbinary individuals). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been repeatedly shown that the extent to which individuals adopt stereotypically masculine and feminine traits in their self-concept impacts their health and well-being. This is especially important in adolescence, when developmental changes and social pressures to conform to stereotypical gender roles can affect psychological functioning. However, previous studies investigating relationship between gender role self-concept and well-being in adolescents focused mostly on general well-being rather than well-being in specific contexts. Given that school is one of the most important contexts for adolescents' development and well-being, the aim of this study was to investigate differences between adolescents with different gender role self-concepts (masculine, feminine, androgynous and undifferentiated) in school-related well-being. In line with the new conceptualization of well-being uniting hedonic (pleasure attainment and pain avoidance) and eudemonic (self-actualization and having meaningful purpose in one's life) approaches, the present study used a measure of school-related well-being encompassing five domains suggested in the EPOCH (Engagement, Perseverance, Optimism, Connectedness and Happiness) model as well as a superordinate well-being factor. A total of 999 Austrian adolescents (52.2% girls, M age = 13.79, SD age = 1.53) answered inventories assessing adolescents' gender role self-concept (GRI-JUG) and school-related well-being (EPOCH-G-S). The results supported the androgyny model of well-being, showing clear advantages of having both positive masculine and feminine qualities in one's self-concept for optimal levels of school-related well-being. In addition, our results indicated the strong importance of femininity in adolescence and the school context. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In terms of its dramatic effectiveness, its technique of classical citation, and its use of non-normative male roles as performers, the show presented by Nano, Androgyno and Castrone in Volpone 1.2 falls outside the traditions of performance at the Globe theatre where the play was first performed. Though its affinities are closer to the drama of the boy companies, it is here argued that Jonson most likely introduced the episode when preparing the play for publication in print. The article further develops this argument for a cultural divide within the text as a means to describe the play published in 1607 as an exercise in textual anamorphosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

US-American philosopher Norman O. Brown (1913–2002) was one of the very few twentieth-century intellectuals to situate hermaphroditism at the core of their work. Although Brown's publications became cult books of the then emerging protest subcultures and were eventually regarded as milestones in the history of Freudian revisionism, the reception of his views on hermaphroditism has been insubstantial. The present contribution focuses at first on Brown's attempt to supersede binary sexuality and its same-sex/other-sex combinatories by positing an ambit of hermaphroditic reconciliation that emerges from the depths of the unconscious, but is effectual only as an eschatological ideal. Against this backdrop, Brown's consequential neglect of Charles Darwin's universalization of corporeal hermaphroditism and of Magnus Hirschfeld's conception of human sexual intermediariness are analyzed and assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Sex and gender affect responses to pain, but little is known about disability and quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of sex and gender on disability and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with low back pain. METHODS: Ninety-three patients with low back pain were included in this cross-sectional survey study. Disability, HRQOL and gender identity were respectively assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index, Short Form-36 and Bem Sex Role Inventory. The participants were classified into four gender role orientations (masculinity, femininity, androgyny and undifferentiated). One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze both the sex and the gender role orientation. RESULTS: Females had higher disability than males (p < 0.05), but in gender identity, no significant difference was found. Seven domains of HRQOL were lower than the healthy norms. Males experienced greater impacts than females on vitality and mental health (p < 0.05). For gender identity, five domains of HRQOL had significant differences (p < 0.05). Masculinity orientation had the least impact on four domains (p < 0.05), while undifferentiated orientation had the largest impact on all domains. CONCLUSION: Sex and gender effects can be used to analyze disability and HRQOL in patients with low back pain. Females have higher disability, while HRQOL is greatly influenced by different gender role orientations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le Fil de soie (The Silk Thread) by Michèle Gazier is an ambitious work, conceived in a fairy-like as well as fantastic style, while maintaining a real framework. Against the backdrop of haute couture history, the mystery of a love story unfolds in a variation on the myth of Narcissus while providing an intriguing tale. Gazier questions the fragility and discontinuity of happiness. The story is developed through "images" and words presented in a magical environment. I would like to question here the way in which Gazier explores and sets the course for the happiness of an exceptional couple. In other words, I will question the relationship between the story and the original way in which the ideas of happiness are treated. Focusing on the representation of happiness as it is constructed in this novel engages a double questioning: first of all, how stylistically, the fantastic characteristics as they are inscribed in the story reveal by writing, aspects of expressing happiness? Then, on the diegetic level, I will interrogate how an identity is built without borders, erasing the differences between two beings who love each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]