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1. Maximal Representation Dimensions of Algebraic Tori of Fixed Dimension Over Arbitrary Fields

Author: Heath, Bailey
Subjects: Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics - Group Theory, 20G15 (Primary), 20C10 (Secondary)
Abstract: We define the representation dimension of an algebraic torus $T$ to be the minimal positive integer $r$ such that there exists a faithful embedding $T \hookrightarrow \operatorname{GL}_r$. Given a positive integer $n$, there exists a maximal representation dimension of all $n$-dimensional algebraic tori over all fields. In this paper, we use the theory of group actions on lattices to find lower bounds on this maximum for all $n$. Further, we find the exact maximum value for irreducible tori for all $n \in \left\lbrace 1, 2, \dots, 10, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23\right\rbrace$ and conjecturally infinitely many primes $n$., Comment: 30 pages, 9 tables
Published: 2025

2. Identification of soft modes in amorphous Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ via first-principles

Author: Tyner, Alexander C., Heath, Joshuah T., Thann, Thue Christian, Michal, Vincent P., Krogstrup, Peter, Svendsen, Mark Kamper, and Balatsky, Alexander V.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Quantum Physics
Abstract: Amorphous Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ is a fundamental component of modern superconducting qubits. While amphorphous oxides offer distinct advantages, such as directional isotropy and a consistent bulk electronic gap, in realistic systems these compounds support two-level systems (TLSs) which couple to the qubit, expediting decoherence. In this work, we perform a first-principles study of amorphous Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ and identify low-energy modes in the electronic and phonon spectra as a possible origin for TLSs., Comment: 5+1 Pages, 7 + 3 Figures
Published: 2025

3. Bridging Neural Networks and Wireless Systems with MIMO-OFDM Semantic Communications

Author: Yoo, Hanju, Choi, Dongha, Kim, Yonghwi, Kim, Yoontae, Kim, Songkuk, Chae, Chan-Byoung, and Heath Jr, Robert W.
Subjects: Computer Science - Information Theory, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Abstract: Semantic communications aim to enhance transmission efficiency by jointly optimizing source coding, channel coding, and modulation. While prior research has demonstrated promising performance in simulations, real-world implementations often face significant challenges, including noise variability and nonlinear distortions, leading to performance gaps. This article investigates these challenges in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based semantic communication system, focusing on the practical impacts of power amplifier (PA) nonlinearity and peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) variations. Our analysis identifies frequency selectivity of the actual channel as a critical factor in performance degradation and demonstrates that targeted mitigation strategies can enable semantic systems to approach theoretical performance. By addressing key limitations in existing designs, we provide actionable insights for advancing semantic communications in practical wireless environments. This work establishes a foundation for bridging the gap between theoretical models and real-world deployment, highlighting essential considerations for system design and optimization., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2025

4. Embracing Reconfigurable Antennas in the Tri-hybrid MIMO Architecture for 6G

Author: Castellanos, Miguel Rodrigo, Yang, Siyun, Chae, Chan-Byoung, and Heath Jr, Robert W.
Subjects: Computer Science - Information Theory, Computer Science - Emerging Technologies, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Abstract: Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication has led to immense enhancements in data rates and efficient spectrum management. The evolution of MIMO has been accompanied by increased hardware complexity and array sizes, causing system power consumption to rise as a result. Despite past advances in power-efficient hybrid architectures, new solutions are needed to enable extremely large-scale MIMO deployments for 6G and beyond. In this paper, we introduce a novel architecture that integrates low-power reconfigurable antennas with both digital and analog precoding. This \emph{tri-hybrid} approach addresses key limitations in traditional and hybrid MIMO systems by improving power consumption and adding new layer for signal processing. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the proposed architecture and compare its performance with existing solutions, including fully-digital and hybrid MIMO systems. The results demonstrate significant improvements in energy efficiency, highlighting the potential of the tri-hybrid system to meet the growing demands of future wireless networks. We also discuss several design and implementation challenges, including the need for technological advancements in reconfigurable array hardware and tunable antenna parameters., Comment: IEEE Transactions on Communications (invited)
Published: 2025

5. Precoding Design for Limited-Feedback MISO Systems via Character-Polynomial Codes

Author: Gooty, Siva Aditya, Riasat, Samin, Mahdavifar, Hessam, and Heath Jr, Robert W.
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract: We consider the problem of Multiple-Input Single- Output (MISO) communication with limited feedback, where the transmitter relies on a limited number of bits associated with the channel state information (CSI), available at the receiver (CSIR) but not at the transmitter (no CSIT), sent via the feedback link. We demonstrate how character-polynomial (CP) codes, a class of analog subspace codes (also, referred to as Grassmann codes) can be used for the corresponding quantization problem in the Grassmann space. The proposed CP codebook-based precoding design allows for a smooth trade-off between the number of feedback bits and the beamforming gain, by simply adjusting the rate of the underlying CP code. We present a theoretical upper bound on the mean squared quantization error of the CP codebook, and utilize it to upper bound the resulting distortion as the normalized gap between the CP codebook beamforming gain and the baseline equal gain transmission (EGT) with perfect CSIT. We further show that the distortion vanishes asymptotically. The results are also confirmed via simulations for different types of fading models in the MISO system and various parameters., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2025

6. On Corrigibility and Alignment in Multi Agent Games

Author: Dable-Heath, Edmund, Vodenicharski, Boyko, and Bishop, James
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: Corrigibility of autonomous agents is an under explored part of system design, with previous work focusing on single agent systems. It has been suggested that uncertainty over the human preferences acts to keep the agents corrigible, even in the face of human irrationality. We present a general framework for modelling corrigibility in a multi-agent setting as a 2 player game in which the agents always have a move in which they can ask the human for supervision. This is formulated as a Bayesian game for the purpose of introducing uncertainty over the human beliefs. We further analyse two specific cases. First, a two player corrigibility game, in which we want corrigibility displayed in both agents for both common payoff (monotone) games and harmonic games. Then we investigate an adversary setting, in which one agent is considered to be a `defending' agent and the other an `adversary'. A general result is provided for what belief over the games and human rationality the defending agent is required to have to induce corrigibility.
Published: 2025

7. 'They Come Here for Sanctuary': Educator Perspectives on Trauma Engaged Alternative Education

Author: Vanessa Y. Hiratsuka and Karen Heath
Abstract: Alaska's alternative high schools use trauma-engaged practices in their education model. Thirteen focus groups with 100 alternative high school educators, staff and administrators were conducted. The study sought to describe the Alaska alternative high school staffs' perspectives on effective practices and impact of alternative education on drug and alcohol use, suicide ideation, feelings of hopelessness, and community support of alternative high school students. Seven overarching themes related to trauma-engaged education and a focus on social-emotional learning were described by educators. The Alaska alternative education model addresses the root causes of youth engagement in health risk factors.
Published: 2025
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8. A comprehensive allele specific expression resource for the equine transcriptome.

Author: Heath, Harrison, Peng, Sichong, Szmatola, Tomasz, Ryan, Stephanie, Bellone, Rebecca, Kalbfleisch, Theodore, Petersen, Jessica, and Finno, Carrie
Subjects: Epigenetics, FAANG, Haplotype, Horse, RNA-sequencing, Animals, Horses, Alleles, Transcriptome, Liver, Haplotypes, Gene Expression Profiling, Female, Male, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Allele-specific expression (ASE) analysis provides a nuanced view of cis-regulatory mechanisms affecting gene expression. RESULTS: An equine ASE analysis was performed, using integrated Iso-seq and short-read RNA sequencing data from four healthy Thoroughbreds (2 mares and 2 stallions) across 9 tissues from the Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes (FAANG) project. Allele expression was quantified by haplotypes from long-read data, with 42,900 allele expression events compared. Within these events, 635 (1.48%) demonstrated ASE, with liver tissue containing the highest proportion. Genetic variants within ASE events were located in histone modified regions 64.2% of the time. Validation of allele-specific variants, using a set of 66 equine liver samples from multiple breeds, confirmed that 97% of variants demonstrated ASE. CONCLUSIONS: This valuable publicly accessible resource is poised to facilitate investigations into regulatory variation in equine tissues. Our results highlight the tissue-specific nature of allelic imbalance in the equine genome.
Published: 2025

9. Aberrant splicing in Huntingtons disease accompanies disrupted TDP-43 activity and altered m6A RNA modification.

Author: Nguyen, Thai, Miramontes, Ricardo, Chillon-Marinas, Carlos, Maimon, Roy, Vazquez-Sanchez, Sonia, Lau, Alice, McClure, Nicolette, Wu, Zhuoxing, Wang, Keona, England, Whitney, Singha, Monika, Stocksdale, Jennifer, Heath, Marie, Jang, Ki-Hong, Jung, Sunhee, Ling, Karen, Jafar-Nejad, Paymann, McKnight, Jharrayne, Ho, Leanne, Dalahmah, Osama, Faull, Richard, Steffan, Joan, Reidling, Jack, Jang, Cholsoon, Lee, Gina, Cleveland, Don, Lagier-Tourenne, Clotilde, Spitale, Robert, and Thompson, Leslie
Abstract: Huntingtons disease (HD) is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the HTT gene, leading to altered gene expression. However, the mechanisms leading to disrupted RNA processing in HD remain unclear. Here we identify TDP-43 and the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) writer protein METTL3 to be upstream regulators of exon skipping in multiple HD systems. Disrupted nuclear localization of TDP-43 and cytoplasmic accumulation of phosphorylated TDP-43 occurs in HD mouse and human brains, with TDP-43 also co-localizing with HTT nuclear aggregate-like bodies distinct from mutant HTT inclusions. The binding of TDP-43 onto RNAs encoding HD-associated differentially expressed and aberrantly spliced genes is decreased. Finally, m6A RNA modification is reduced on RNAs abnormally expressed in the striatum of HD R6/2 mouse brain, including at clustered sites adjacent to TDP-43 binding sites. Our evidence supports TDP-43 loss of function coupled with altered m6A modification as a mechanism underlying alternative splicing in HD.
Published: 2025

10. $\ell$-Torsion in Class Groups via Dirichlet $L$-functions

Author: Heath-Brown, D. R.
Subjects: Mathematics - Number Theory, 11R29, 11R16
Abstract: For a prime $\ell$, let $h_\ell(K)$ denote the $\ell$-part of the class number of the number field $K$. We investigate upper bounds for $h_\ell(K)$ when $K$ is quadratic or cubic, particularly in the case in which the discriminant of $K$ is smooth. This is achieved using properties of Dirichlet $L$-functions., Comment: Revised version with more references
Published: 2024

11. Frequency-selective beamforming and single-shot beam training with dynamic metasurface antennas

Author: Deshpande, Nitish Vikas, Carlson, Joseph, Castellanos, Miguel R., and Heath Jr, Robert W.
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract: Dynamic metasurface antennas (DMAs) beamform through low-powered components that enable reconfiguration of each radiating element. Previous research on a single-user multiple-input-single-output (MISO) system with a dynamic metasurface antenna at the transmitter has focused on maximizing the beamforming gain at a fixed operating frequency. The DMA, however, has a frequency-selective response that leads to magnitude degradation for frequencies away from the resonant frequency of each element. This causes reduction in beamforming gain if the DMA only operates at a fixed frequency. We exploit the frequency reconfigurability of the DMA to dynamically optimize both the operating frequency and the element configuration, maximizing the beamforming gain. We leverage this approach to develop a single-shot beam training procedure using a DMA sub-array architecture that estimates the receiver's angular direction with a single OFDM pilot signal. We evaluate the beamforming gain performance of the DMA array using the receiver's angular direction estimate obtained from beam training. Our results show that it is sufficient to use a limited number of resonant frequency states to do both beam training and beamforming instead of using an infinite resolution DMA beamformer.
Published: 2024

12. Pilot Contamination Aware Transformer for Downlink Power Control in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks

Author: Kocharlakota, Atchutaram K., Vorobyov, Sergiy A., and Heath Jr, Robert W.
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract: Learning-based downlink power control in cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CFmMIMO) systems offers a promising alternative to conventional iterative optimization algorithms, which are computationally intensive due to online iterative steps. Existing learning-based methods, however, often fail to exploit the intrinsic structure of channel data and neglect pilot allocation information, leading to suboptimal performance, especially in large-scale networks with many users. This paper introduces the pilot contamination-aware power control (PAPC) transformer neural network, a novel approach that integrates pilot allocation data into the network, effectively handling pilot contamination scenarios. PAPC employs the attention mechanism with a custom masking technique to utilize structural information and pilot data. The architecture includes tailored preprocessing and post-processing stages for efficient feature extraction and adherence to power constraints. Trained in an unsupervised learning framework, PAPC is evaluated against the accelerated proximal gradient (APG) algorithm, showing comparable spectral efficiency fairness performance while significantly improving computational efficiency. Simulations demonstrate PAPC's superior performance over fully connected networks (FCNs) that lack pilot information, its scalability to large-scale CFmMIMO networks, and its computational efficiency improvement over APG. Additionally, by employing padding techniques, PAPC adapts to the dynamically varying number of users without retraining., Comment: 13 paged (double-column), 10 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2024

13. Nonlinear Magnetics Model for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Capturing Saturation and Temperature Effects

Author: Srinivasan, Kishan, Hofmann, Heath, and Sun, Jing
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract: This paper proposes a nonlinear magnetics model for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSMs) that accurately captures the effects of magnetic saturation in the machine iron and variations in rotor temperature on the permanent magnet excitation. The proposed model considers the permanent magnet as a current source rather than the more commonly used flux-linkage source. A comparison of the two modelling approaches is conducted using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) for different machine designs as well as experimental validation, where it is shown that the proposed model has substantially better accuracy. The proposed model decouples magnetic saturation and rotor temperature effects in the current/flux-linkage relationship, allowing for adaptive estimation of the PM excitation.
Published: 2024

14. Effect modification and non-collapsibility leads to conflicting treatment decisions: a review of marginal and conditional estimands and recommendations for decision-making

Author: Phillippo, David M., Remiro-Azócar, Antonio, Heath, Anna, Baio, Gianluca, Dias, Sofia, Ades, A. E., and Welton, Nicky J.
Subjects: Statistics - Methodology
Abstract: Effect modification occurs when a covariate alters the relative effectiveness of treatment compared to control. It is widely understood that, when effect modification is present, treatment recommendations may vary by population and by subgroups within the population. Population-adjustment methods are increasingly used to adjust for differences in effect modifiers between study populations and to produce population-adjusted estimates in a relevant target population for decision-making. It is also widely understood that marginal and conditional estimands for non-collapsible effect measures, such as odds ratios or hazard ratios, do not in general coincide even without effect modification. However, the consequences of both non-collapsibility and effect modification together are little-discussed in the literature. In this paper, we set out the definitions of conditional and marginal estimands, illustrate their properties when effect modification is present, and discuss the implications for decision-making. In particular, we show that effect modification can result in conflicting treatment rankings between conditional and marginal estimates. This is because conditional and marginal estimands correspond to different decision questions that are no longer aligned when effect modification is present. For time-to-event outcomes, the presence of covariates implies that marginal hazard ratios are time-varying, and effect modification can cause marginal hazard curves to cross. We conclude with practical recommendations for decision-making in the presence of effect modification, based on pragmatic comparisons of both conditional and marginal estimates in the decision target population. Currently, multilevel network meta-regression is the only population-adjustment method capable of producing both conditional and marginal estimates, in any decision target population., Comment: 30 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2024

15. Effect of Ti-doping on the dimer transition in Lithium Ruthenate

Author: Jain, Sheetal, Zhou, Zhengbang, Horsley, Ezekiel, Heath, Christopher J. S., Shakouri, Mohsen, Xiao, Qunfeng, Chen, Ning, Chen, Weifeng, King, Graham, and Kim, Young-June
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: We carried out a comprehensive crystal structure characterization of Ti-doped lithium ruthenate (Li$_2$Ti$_x$Ru$_{1-x}$O$_3$), to investigate the effect of Ti-doping on the structural phase transition. Experimental tools sensitive to the average structure (X-ray diffraction), as well as those sensitive to local structure (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure, EXAFS; pair distribution function, PDF) are used. We observed non-monotonic dependence of the structural transition temperature on the Ti-doping level. At low doping, the transition temperature slightly increases with doping, while at high doping, the temperature decreases significantly with doping. We note two important observations from our studies. First, Ti K-edge EXAFS data shows persistent Ti-Ru dimerization even with substantial Ti doping. Second, we were able to use the PDF data to estimate the dimer correlation length above the transition temperature, which would correspond to the size of the proposed local `dimer clusters' formed by Ru-Ru and Ti-Ru neighbours. The dimer correlation length is found to be around 10~\AA, which remains robust regardless of doping. Our study therefore suggests that Ti$^{4+}$ with its $d^0$ electronic configuration is a special type of dopant when replacing Ru., Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2024

16. Looking Inward: Academic Advisors' Mental Health

Author: Krista M. Soria, Elise Kokenge, Cassandra A. Heath, Erin C. Standley, Shannon J. F. Wilson, Jacob R. Connley, and Aaron I. Agramon
Abstract: We examined academic advisors' clinically significant symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), including whether there are statistically significant relationships between advisors' demographic characteristics, work-related variables, institutional variables, burnout, resilience, and risk of clinically significant MDD/GAD symptoms. We analyzed survey data of academic advisors collected from February to March 2023 (n = 777) and found that 16.9% of advisors met the criteria for MDD while 29.6% met the criteria for GAD, rates higher than national averages. While there were some demographic differences, advisors who experienced higher rates of burnout had increased odds of experiencing MDD and GAD symptoms. In addition, advisors' resilience was associated with decreased odds of experiencing MDD and GAD symptoms.
Published: 2024

17. You've Got Mail: A Technology-Mediated Feedback Strategy to Support Self-Regulated Learning in First-Year University Students

Author: Isabella Sauchelli, Georgina Heath, Amanda Richardson, Sally Lewis, and Lisa-Angelique Lim
Abstract: Self-regulated learning (SRL) is associated with university student academic success outcomes, however students often need support to develop these skills. Technology-mediated feedback is one strategy that may aid educators in supporting students' SRL development. This study aims to explore whether a technology-mediated feedback strategy targeting tutorial preparation for flipped classrooms enhances first-year students' self-report SRL and observed implementation of the strategy. Self-report SRL was measured using the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ); strategy implementation profiles were based on lecture video access patterns. First-year psychology students (n = 99) were sent technology-mediated feedback emails aimed at developing their SRL. Paired-samples t-tests revealed significant increases in post-intervention self-reported motivational SRL subscales; self-reported and observed learning strategies implementation did not improve. Future research could build upon this exploratory work to form a multi-pronged strategy to increase understanding of the role of technology-mediated feedback in first-year students' SRL development for flipped classroom learning.
Published: 2024

18. Linguistic and Non-Linguistic Factors Impacting EMI Academic Success: A Longitudinal Study

Author: Adem Soruç, Dogan Yuksel, Baris Horzum, Jim McKinley, and Heath Rose
Abstract: This study explored changes in English language proficiency and several non-linguistic factors during four years of English medium instruction (EMI) in two academic disciplines in a Turkish university setting. Moreover, it also investigated whether changes (if any) had a predictive impact on the academic success of EMI students. In addition, potential differences between disciplines were also investigated. The participants were 241 EMI students from Business Administration (n = 117) and Mechanical Engineering (n = 124) programmes. Our findings revealed that in addition to the language proficiency scores, various non-linguistic factors, including self-efficacy, ideal L2 self, motivation, self-regulation skills, and anxiety levels, changed throughout EMI education. However, only English proficiency and instrumental motivation emerged as positively significant predictors of EMI success. Our findings also revealed that the increase in participants' intrinsic motivation scores was a significant negative predictor of EMI success. These results are discussed and implications are given regarding the impact of linguistic and non-linguistic factors in EMI contexts.
Published: 2024
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19. More than Knowing: Toward Collective, Critical, and Ecological Approaches in Educational Technology Research

Author: Marie K. Heath, Benjamin Gleason, Rohit Mehta, and Ted Hall
Abstract: The predominance of western paradigms and a frequent failure to consider and theorize the non-neutrality of schools and technology leaves an ontological and epistemological gap in educational technology studies. Specifically, it leads to thin research on the role of power, the collective, and the intersections with technology that can alter our interaction with the world. The current narrow approach hobbles the imagination of the field, constraining the possibilities for technology and education. We propose three research frames that are relatively new to the field of educational technology. These frames acknowledge the interdisciplinary and socially embedded nature of technology and the systems of power that exist in both schools and technology: "Collective Framing, Critical Race Theory (CRT) Framing," and "Ecological Framing." We synthesize the possibilities of these approaches for educational technology research, identifying how they can push the field to consider different epistemological, ontological, and axiological approaches. We identify potential areas of research and consider implications for the field of educational technology. While each frame offers its particular theoretical contribution, taken together, all three frames suggest the sociocultural, epistemological, and political limitations of the field known as educational technology. Finally, we return to the initial wonderings of our paper, imagining the possibilities for ed tech research if the field confronted the hegemonic western paradigms embedded within itself.
Published: 2024
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20. Consent work in intimacy coordination and adult content creation

Author: Pennington, Heath
Subjects: BDSM, consent work, intimacy coordination, kink, performance, sex work
Abstract: This article draws on the researcher’s training and experience as a certified intimacy coordinator to examine how labour from professional sex work to intimacy coordination necessitates nuanced approaches to consent. What I call consent work – practices of communication, negotiation, and boundary setting – supports bodily autonomy while guiding portrayals of intimacy and nudity in film, television, theatre, and erotic media. I begin by discussing intimacy coordinators’ communication and consent frameworks to create context for my ensuing investigation. Next, utilizing data from interviews with online sex workers, I explore their sophisticated personal and community-oriented harm reduction techniques that, without formal training, dovetail with those in the intimacy coordination industry. Continuing my qualitative analysis, I describe the ways in which my interlocutors’ use of knowledge from consensual BDSM reflects the breadth of practices that inform consent work while illuminating the links between kink and intimacy coordination. Finally, I unpack how consent models remain entangled within systems of inequality and exclusion while owing much to marginalized communities’ contributions to contemporary understandings of bodily autonomy. Overall, consent work and its capacious lineage contribute to the expanding literature on intimacy coordination and highlight the field’s under-researched intersections with adult content creation.
Published: 2024

21. Large‐scale deep proteomic analysis in Alzheimer's disease brain regions across race and ethnicity

Author: Seifar, Fatemeh, Fox, Edward J, Shantaraman, Anantharaman, Liu, Yue, Dammer, Eric B, Modeste, Erica, Duong, Duc M, Yin, Luming, Trautwig, Adam N, Guo, Qi, Xu, Kaiming, Ping, Lingyan, Reddy, Joseph S, Allen, Mariet, Quicksall, Zachary, Heath, Laura, Scanlan, Jo, Wang, Erming, Wang, Minghui, Vander Linden, Abby, Poehlman, William, Chen, Xianfeng, Baheti, Saurabh, Ho, Charlotte, Nguyen, Thuy, Yepez, Geovanna, Mitchell, Adriana O, Oatman, Stephanie R, Wang, Xue, Carrasquillo, Minerva M, Runnels, Alexi, Beach, Thomas, Serrano, Geidy E, Dickson, Dennis W, Lee, Edward B, Golde, Todd E, Prokop, Stefan, Barnes, Lisa L, Zhang, Bin, Haroutunian, Varham, Gearing, Marla, Lah, James J, De Jager, Philip, Bennett, David A, Greenwood, Anna, Ertekin‐Taner, Nilüfer, Levey, Allan I, Wingo, Aliza, Wingo, Thomas, and Seyfried, Nicholas T
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Psychology, Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Psychology, Health Disparities, Aging, Brain Disorders, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Minority Health, Dementia, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's Disease, Neurodegenerative, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Neurological, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Alzheimer Disease, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Black or African American, Brain, Ethnicity, Hispanic or Latino, Proteome, Proteomics, tau Proteins, White, Alzheimer's disease, data descriptor, diversity, precision medicine, proteome, proteomics, Geriatrics, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract: IntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, yet our comprehension predominantly relies on studies within non-Hispanic White (NHW) populations. Here we provide an extensive survey of the proteomic landscape of AD across diverse racial/ethnic groups.MethodsTwo cortical regions, from multiple centers, were harmonized by uniform neuropathological diagnosis. Among 998 unique donors, 273 donors self-identified as African American, 229 as Latino American, and 434 as NHW.ResultsWhile amyloid precursor protein and the microtubule-associated protein tau demonstrated higher abundance in AD brains, no significant race-related differences were observed. Further proteome-wide and focused analyses (specific amyloid beta [Aβ] species and the tau domains) supported the absence of racial differences in these AD pathologies within the brain proteome.DiscussionOur findings indicate that the racial differences in AD risk and clinical presentation are not underpinned by dramatically divergent patterns in the brain proteome, suggesting that other determinants account for these clinical disparities.HighlightsWe present a large-scale proteome (∼10,000 proteins) of DLPFC (998) and STG (244) across AD cases. About 50% of samples were from racially and ethnically diverse brain donors. Key AD proteins (amyloid and tau) correlated with CERAD and Braak stages. No significant race-related differences in amyloid and tau protein levels were observed in AD brains. AD-associated protein changes showed a strong correlation between the brain proteomes of African American and White individuals. This dataset advances understanding of ethnoracial-specific AD pathways and potential therapies.
Published: 2024

22. A comparison of computational algorithms for the Bayesian analysis of clinical trials.

Author: Chen, Ziming, Berger, Jeffrey, Castellucci, Lana, Farkouh, Michael, Goligher, Ewan, Hade, Erinn, Hunt, Beverley, Kornblith, Lucy, Lawler, Patrick, Leifer, Eric, Lorenzi, Elizabeth, Neal, Matthew, Zarychanski, Ryan, and Heath, Anna
Subjects: Bayesian clinical trial analysis, Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations, JAGS, Markov chain Monte Carlo, logistic regression, proportional odds model, stan, survival analysis, Bayes Theorem, Humans, Algorithms, Markov Chains, Monte Carlo Method, Male, Anticoagulants, COVID-19, Female, Heparin, SARS-CoV-2, Research Design
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical trials are increasingly using Bayesian methods for their design and analysis. Inference in Bayesian trials typically uses simulation-based approaches such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. Markov Chain Monte Carlo has high computational cost and can be complex to implement. The Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations algorithm provides approximate Bayesian inference without the need for computationally complex simulations, making it more efficient than Markov Chain Monte Carlo. The practical properties of Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations compared to Markov Chain Monte Carlo have not been considered for clinical trials. Using data from a published clinical trial, we aim to investigate whether Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations is a feasible and accurate alternative to Markov Chain Monte Carlo and provide practical guidance for trialists interested in Bayesian trial design. METHODS: Data from an international Bayesian multi-platform adaptive trial that compared therapeutic-dose anticoagulation with heparin to usual care in non-critically ill patients hospitalized for COVID-19 were used to fit Bayesian hierarchical generalized mixed models. Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations was compared to two Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms, implemented in the software JAGS and stan, using packages available in the statistical software R. Seven outcomes were analysed: organ-support free days (an ordinal outcome), five binary outcomes related to survival and length of hospital stay, and a time-to-event outcome. The posterior distributions for the treatment and sex effects and the variances for the hierarchical effects of age, site and time period were obtained. We summarized these posteriors by calculating the mean, standard deviations and the 95% equitailed credible intervals and presenting the results graphically. The computation time for each algorithm was recorded. RESULTS: The average overlap of the 95% credible interval for the treatment and sex effects estimated using Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations was 96% and 97.6% compared with stan, respectively. The graphical posterior densities for these effects overlapped for all three algorithms. The posterior mean for the variance of the hierarchical effects of age, site and time estimated using Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations are within the 95% credible interval estimated using Markov Chain Monte Carlo but the average overlap of the credible interval is lower, 77%, 85.6% and 91.3%, respectively, for Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations compared to stan. Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations and stan were easily implemented in clear, well-established packages in R, while JAGS required the direct specification of the model. Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations was between 85 and 269 times faster than stan and 26 and 1852 times faster than JAGS. CONCLUSION: Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations could reduce the computational complexity of Bayesian analysis in clinical trials as it is easy to implement in R, substantially faster than Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods implemented in JAGS and stan, and provides near identical approximations to the posterior distributions for the treatment effect. Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations was less accurate when estimating the posterior distribution for the variance of hierarchical effects, particularly for the proportional odds model, and future work should determine if the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations algorithm can be adjusted to improve this estimation.
Published: 2024

23. Sex differences in trajectories of cortical development in autistic children from 2–13 years of age

Author: Andrews, Derek S, Diers, Kersten, Lee, Joshua K, Harvey, Danielle J, Heath, Brianna, Cordero, Devani, Rogers, Sally J, Reuter, Martin, Solomon, Marjorie, Amaral, David G, and Nordahl, Christine Wu
Subjects: Biological Psychology, Clinical and Health Psychology, Psychology, Clinical Research, Pediatric, Mental Health, Women's Health, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Neurosciences, Autism, Brain Disorders, Mental health, Humans, Female, Male, Child, Cerebral Cortex, Adolescent, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sex Characteristics, Child, Preschool, Autistic Disorder, Longitudinal Studies, Sex Factors, Brain Cortical Thickness, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract: Previous studies have reported alterations in cortical thickness in autism. However, few have included enough autistic females to determine if there are sex specific differences in cortical structure in autism. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate autistic sex differences in cortical thickness and trajectory of cortical thinning across childhood. Participants included 290 autistic (88 females) and 139 nonautistic (60 females) individuals assessed at up to 4 timepoints spanning ~2-13 years of age (918 total MRI timepoints). Estimates of cortical thickness in early and late childhood as well as the trajectory of cortical thinning were modeled using spatiotemporal linear mixed effects models of age-by-sex-by-diagnosis. Additionally, the spatial correspondence between cortical maps of sex-by-diagnosis differences and neurotypical sex differences were evaluated. Relative to their nonautistic peers, autistic females had more extensive cortical differences than autistic males. These differences involved multiple functional networks, and were mainly characterized by thicker cortex at ~3 years of age and faster cortical thinning in autistic females. Cortical regions in which autistic alterations were different between the sexes significantly overlapped with regions that differed by sex in neurotypical development. Autistic females and males demonstrated some shared differences in cortical thickness and rate of cortical thinning across childhood relative to their nonautistic peers, however these areas were relatively small compared to the widespread differences observed across the sexes. These results support evidence of sex-specific neurobiology in autism and suggest that processes that regulate sex differentiation in the neurotypical brain contribute to sex differences in the etiology of autism.
Published: 2024

24. Rare variant contribution to the heritability of coronary artery disease.

Author: Rocheleau, Ghislain, Clarke, Shoa, Auguste, Gaëlle, Hasbani, Natalie, Morrison, Alanna, Heath, Adam, Bielak, Lawrence, Iyer, Kruthika, Young, Erica, Stitziel, Nathan, Jun, Goo, Laurie, Cecelia, Broome, Jai, Khan, Alyna, Arnett, Donna, Becker, Lewis, Bis, Joshua, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bowden, Donald, Carson, April, Ellinor, Patrick, Fornage, Myriam, Franceschini, Nora, Freedman, Barry, Heard-Costa, Nancy, Hou, Lifang, Chen, Yii-Der, Kenny, Eimear, Kooperberg, Charles, Kral, Brian, Loos, Ruth, Lutz, Sharon, Manson, JoAnn, Martin, Lisa, Mitchell, Braxton, Nassir, Rami, Palmer, Nicholette, Post, Wendy, Preuss, Michael, Psaty, Bruce, Raffield, Laura, Regan, Elizabeth, Rich, Stephen, Smith, Jennifer, Taylor, Kent, Yanek, Lisa, Young, Kendra, Hilliard, Austin, Tcheandjieu, Catherine, Peyser, Patricia, Vasan, Ramachandran, Rotter, Jerome, Miller, Clint, Assimes, Themistocles, de Vries, Paul, and Do, Ron
Subjects: Humans, Coronary Artery Disease, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Linkage Disequilibrium, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Male, Female, Gene Frequency, Genome-Wide Association Study, White People, Case-Control Studies, Whole Genome Sequencing, Genetic Variation, Middle Aged
Abstract: Whole genome sequences (WGS) enable discovery of rare variants which may contribute to missing heritability of coronary artery disease (CAD). To measure their contribution, we apply the GREML-LDMS-I approach to WGS of 4949 cases and 17,494 controls of European ancestry from the NHLBI TOPMed program. We estimate CAD heritability at 34.3% assuming a prevalence of 8.2%. Ultra-rare (minor allele frequency ≤ 0.1%) variants with low linkage disequilibrium (LD) score contribute ~50% of the heritability. We also investigate CAD heritability enrichment using a diverse set of functional annotations: i) constraint; ii) predicted protein-altering impact; iii) cis-regulatory elements from a cell-specific chromatin atlas of the human coronary; and iv) annotation principal components representing a wide range of functional processes. We observe marked enrichment of CAD heritability for most functional annotations. These results reveal the predominant role of ultra-rare variants in low LD on the heritability of CAD. Moreover, they highlight several functional processes including cell type-specific regulatory mechanisms as key drivers of CAD genetic risk.
Published: 2024

25. Bridging the gap: Multi‐omics profiling of brain tissue in Alzheimer's disease and older controls in multi‐ethnic populations

Author: Reddy, Joseph S, Heath, Laura, Vander Linden, Abby, Allen, Mariet, de Paiva Lopes, Katia, Seifar, Fatemeh, Wang, Erming, Ma, Yiyi, Poehlman, William L, Quicksall, Zachary S, Runnels, Alexi, Wang, Yanling, Duong, Duc M, Yin, Luming, Xu, Kaiming, Modeste, Erica S, Shantaraman, Anantharaman, Dammer, Eric B, Ping, Lingyan, Oatman, Stephanie R, Scanlan, Jo, Ho, Charlotte, Carrasquillo, Minerva M, Atik, Merve, Yepez, Geovanna, Mitchell, Adriana O, Nguyen, Thuy T, Chen, Xianfeng, Marquez, David X, Reddy, Hasini, Xiao, Harrison, Seshadri, Sudha, Mayeux, Richard, Prokop, Stefan, Lee, Edward B, Serrano, Geidy E, Beach, Thomas G, Teich, Andrew F, Haroutunian, Varham, Fox, Edward J, Gearing, Marla, Wingo, Aliza, Wingo, Thomas, Lah, James J, Levey, Allan I, Dickson, Dennis W, Barnes, Lisa L, De Jager, Philip, Zhang, Bin, Bennett, David, Seyfried, Nicholas T, Greenwood, Anna K, and Ertekin‐Taner, Nilüfer
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Psychology, Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Psychology, Brain Disorders, Genetics, Precision Medicine, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Dementia, Aging, Alzheimer's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Human Genome, Neurodegenerative, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Neurological, Good Health and Well Being, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Alzheimer Disease, Black or African American, Brain, Ethnicity, Hispanic or Latino, Multiomics, Transcriptome, White, Alzheimer's disease, data descriptor, multi‐omics, precision medicine, proteome, transcriptome, whole genome sequencing, Geriatrics, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract: IntroductionMulti-omics studies in Alzheimer's disease (AD) revealed many potential disease pathways and therapeutic targets. Despite their promise of precision medicine, these studies lacked Black Americans (BA) and Latin Americans (LA), who are disproportionately affected by AD.MethodsTo bridge this gap, Accelerating Medicines Partnership in Alzheimer's Disease (AMP-AD) expanded brain multi-omics profiling to multi-ethnic donors.ResultsWe generated multi-omics data and curated and harmonized phenotypic data from BA (n = 306), LA (n = 326), or BA and LA (n = 4) brain donors plus non-Hispanic White (n = 252) and other (n = 20) ethnic groups, to establish a foundational dataset enriched for BA and LA participants. This study describes the data available to the research community, including transcriptome from three brain regions, whole genome sequence, and proteome measures.DiscussionThe inclusion of traditionally underrepresented groups in multi-omics studies is essential to discovering the full spectrum of precision medicine targets that will be pertinent to all populations affected with AD.HighlightsAccelerating Medicines Partnership in Alzheimer's Disease Diversity Initiative led brain tissue profiling in multi-ethnic populations. Brain multi-omics data is generated from Black American, Latin American, and non-Hispanic White donors. RNA, whole genome sequencing and tandem mass tag proteomicsis completed and shared. Multiple brain regions including caudate, temporal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were profiled.
Published: 2024

26. On the proper rainbow saturation numbers of cliques, paths, and odd cycles

Author: Baker, Dustin, Gomez-Leos, Enrique, Halfpap, Anastasia, Heath, Emily, Martin, Ryan R., Miller, Joe, Parker, Alex, Pungello, Hope, Schwieder, Coy, and Veldt, Nick
Subjects: Mathematics - Combinatorics
Abstract: Given a graph $H$, we say a graph $G$ is properly rainbow $H$-saturated if there is a proper edge-coloring of $G$ which contains no rainbow copy of $H$, but adding any edge to $G$ makes such an edge-coloring impossible. The proper rainbow saturation number, denoted $\text{sat}^*(n,H)$, is the minimum number of edges in an $n$-vertex rainbow $H$-saturated graph. We determine the proper rainbow saturation number for paths up to an additive constant and asymptotically determine $\text{sat}^*(n,K_4)$. In addition, we bound $\text{sat}^*(n,H)$ when $H$ is a larger clique, tree of diameter at least 4, or odd cycle.
Published: 2024

27. The structure of Hurwitz numbers with fixed ramification profile and varying genus

Author: Do, Norman, He, Jian, and Robertson, Heath
Subjects: Mathematics - Combinatorics, Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, 05A15, 05E14, 14H30, 14N10
Abstract: In 1891, Hurwitz introduced the enumeration of genus $g$, degree $d$, branched covers of the Riemann sphere with simple ramification over prescribed points and no branching elsewhere. He showed that for fixed degree $d$, the enumeration possesses a remarkable structure. More precisely, it can be expressed as a linear combination of exponentials $m^{2g-2+2d}$, where $m$ ranges over the integers from $1$ to $\binom{d}{2}$. In this paper, we generalise this structural result to Hurwitz numbers that enumerate branched covers which also have a prescribed ramification profile over one point. Our proof fundamentally uses the infinite wedge space, in particular the connected correlators of products of $\mathcal{E}$-operators. The recent study of Hurwitz numbers has often focussed on their structure with fixed genus and varying ramification profile. Our main result is orthogonal to this, allowing for the explicit calculation and the asymptotic analysis of Hurwitz numbers in large genus. We pose the broad question of which other enumerative problems exhibit analogous structure. We prove that orbifold Hurwitz numbers can also be expressed as a linear combination of exponentials and conjecture that monotone Hurwitz numbers share a similar structure, but with the inclusion of an additional linear term., Comment: 18 pages
Published: 2024

28. A System and Benchmark for LLM-based Q&A on Heterogeneous Data

Author: Fokoue, Achille, Jayaraman, Srideepika, Khabiri, Elham, Kephart, Jeffrey O., Li, Yingjie, Shah, Dhruv, Drissi, Youssef, Heath III, Fenno F., Bhamidipaty, Anu, Tipu, Fateh A., and Baseman, Robert J.
Subjects: Computer Science - Databases, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: In many industrial settings, users wish to ask questions whose answers may be found in structured data sources such as a spreadsheets, databases, APIs, or combinations thereof. Often, the user doesn't know how to identify or access the right data source. This problem is compounded even further if multiple (and potentially siloed) data sources must be assembled to derive the answer. Recently, various Text-to-SQL applications that leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) have addressed some of these problems by enabling users to ask questions in natural language. However, these applications remain impractical in realistic industrial settings because they fail to cope with the data source heterogeneity that typifies such environments. In this paper, we address heterogeneity by introducing the siwarex platform, which enables seamless natural language access to both databases and APIs. To demonstrate the effectiveness of siwarex, we extend the popular Spider dataset and benchmark by replacing some of its tables by data retrieval APIs. We find that siwarex does a good job of coping with data source heterogeneity. Our modified Spider benchmark will soon be available to the research community
Published: 2024

29. Towards Fast Rates for Federated and Multi-Task Reinforcement Learning

Author: Zhu, Feng, Heath Jr., Robert W., and Mitra, Aritra
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control, Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract: We consider a setting involving $N$ agents, where each agent interacts with an environment modeled as a Markov Decision Process (MDP). The agents' MDPs differ in their reward functions, capturing heterogeneous objectives/tasks. The collective goal of the agents is to communicate intermittently via a central server to find a policy that maximizes the average of long-term cumulative rewards across environments. The limited existing work on this topic either only provide asymptotic rates, or generate biased policies, or fail to establish any benefits of collaboration. In response, we propose Fast-FedPG - a novel federated policy gradient algorithm with a carefully designed bias-correction mechanism. Under a gradient-domination condition, we prove that our algorithm guarantees (i) fast linear convergence with exact gradients, and (ii) sub-linear rates that enjoy a linear speedup w.r.t. the number of agents with noisy, truncated policy gradients. Notably, in each case, the convergence is to a globally optimal policy with no heterogeneity-induced bias. In the absence of gradient-domination, we establish convergence to a first-order stationary point at a rate that continues to benefit from collaboration., Comment: Accepted to the Decision and Control Conference (CDC), 2024
Published: 2024

30. Online Ramsey numbers of ordered graphs

Author: Heath, Emily, King, Dylan, McCourt, Grace, Sheats, Hannah, and Wisby, Justin
Subjects: Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05D10
Abstract: The online ordered Ramsey game is played between two players, Builder and Painter, on an infinite sequence of vertices with ordered graphs $(G_1,G_2)$, which have linear orderings on their vertices. On each turn, Builder first selects an edge before Painter colors it red or blue. Builder's objective is to construct either an ordered red copy of $G_1$ or an ordered blue copy of $G_2$, while Painter's objective is to delay this for as many turns as possible. The online ordered Ramsey number $r_o(G_1,G_2)$ is the number of turns Builder takes to win in the case that both players play optimally. Few lower bounds are known for this quantity. In this paper, we introduce a succinct proof of a new lower bound based on the maximum left- and right-degrees in the ordered graphs. We also upper bound $r_o(G_1,G_2)$ in two cases: when $G_1$ is a cycle and $G_2$ a complete bipartite graph, and when $G_1$ is a tree and $G_2$ a clique., Comment: 8 pages
Published: 2024

31. Rethinking Molecular Design: Integrating Latent Variable and Auto-Regressive Models for Goal Directed Generation

Author: Arthur-Loui, Heath, Mollaysa, Amina, and Krauthammer, Michael
Subjects: Quantitative Biology - Biomolecules, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: De novo molecule design has become a highly active research area, advanced significantly through the use of state-of-the-art generative models. Despite these advances, several fundamental questions remain unanswered as the field increasingly focuses on more complex generative models and sophisticated molecular representations as an answer to the challenges of drug design. In this paper, we return to the simplest representation of molecules, and investigate overlooked limitations of classical generative approaches, particularly Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) and auto-regressive models. We propose a hybrid model in the form of a novel regularizer that leverages the strengths of both to improve validity, conditional generation, and style transfer of molecular sequences. Additionally, we provide an in depth discussion of overlooked assumptions of these models' behaviour.
Published: 2024

32. The UNCOVER Survey: First Release of Ultradeep JWST/NIRSpec PRISM spectra for ~700 galaxies from z~0.3-13 in Abell 2744

Author: Price, Sedona H., Bezanson, Rachel, Labbe, Ivo, Furtak, Lukas J., de Graaff, Anna, Greene, Jenny E., Kokorev, Vasily, Setton, David J., Suess, Katherine A., Brammer, Gabriel, Cutler, Sam E., Leja, Joel, Pan, Richard, Wang, Bingjie, Weaver, John R., Whitaker, Katherine E., Atek, Hakim, Burgasser, Adam J., Chemerynska, Iryna, Dayal, Pratika, Feldmann, Robert, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, Fudamoto, Yoshinobu, Fujimoto, Seiji, Glazebrook, Karl, Goulding, Andy D., Khullar, Gourav, Kriek, Mariska, Marchesini, Danilo, Maseda, Michael V., Miller, Tim B., Muzzin, Adam, Nanayakkara, Themiya, Nelson, Erica, Oesch, Pascal A., Shipley, Heath, Smit, Renske, Taylor, Edward N., van Dokkum, Pieter, Williams, Christina C., and Zitrin, Adi
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present the design and observations of low resolution JWST/NIRSpec PRISM spectroscopy from the Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam ObserVations before the Epoch of Reionization (UNCOVER) Cycle 1 JWST Treasury program. Targets are selected using JWST/NIRCam photometry from UNCOVER and other programs, and cover a wide range of categories and redshifts to ensure the legacy value of the survey. These categories include the first galaxies at $z\gtrsim10$, faint galaxies during the Epoch of Reionization ($z\sim6-8$), high redshift AGN ($z\gtrsim6$), Population III star candidates, distant quiescent and dusty galaxies ($1\lesssim{}z\lesssim 6$), and filler galaxies sampling redshift--color--magnitude space from z~0.1-13. Seven NIRSpec MSA masks across the extended Abell 2744 cluster were observed, along with NIRCam parallel imaging in 8 filters (F090W, F115W, F150W, F200W, F277W, F356W, F410M, F444W, F480M) over a total area of ~26 arcmin$^2$, overlapping existing HST coverage from programs including the Hubble Frontier Fields and BUFFALO. We successfully observed 553 objects down to $m_{\mathrm{F444W}}\sim30\mathrm{AB}$, and by leveraging mask overlaps, we reach total on-target exposure times ranging from 2.4-16.7h. We demonstrate the success rate and distribution of confirmed redshifts, and also highlight the rich information revealed by these ultradeep spectra for a subset of our targets. An updated lens model of Abell 2744 is also presented, including 14 additional spectroscopic redshifts and finding a total cluster mass of $M_{\mathrm{SL}}=(2.1\pm0.3)\times10^{15}\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$. We publicly release reduced 1D and 2D spectra for all objects observed in Summer 2023 along with a spectroscopic redshift catalog and the updated lens model of the cluster (https://jwst-uncover.github.io/DR4.html)., Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ. Data available at: https://jwst-uncover.github.io/DR4.html. DR4 now includes updated stellar population catalogs: https://jwst-uncover.github.io/DR4.html#SPSCatalogs
Published: 2024

33. Universal scaling relations in electron-phonon superconductors

Author: Heath, Joshuah T. and Boyack, Rufus
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract: We study linear scaling relations in electron-phonon superconductors. By combining numerical and analytical techniques, we find linear Homes scaling relations between the zero-temperature superfluid density and the normal-state DC conductivity. This is due to Galilean invariance being broken, either via a large impurity scattering rate or inelastic scattering of electrons and Einstein phonons at large electron-phonon coupling. Our work thus shows that Homes scaling is more universal than either cuprate or BCS-like physics, and is instead a fundamental result in a wide class of superconductors., Comment: Main article: 7 pages, 3 figures. Supplemental material: 32 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2024

34. Natural Killer Cell Infiltration in Prostate Cancers Predict Improved Patient Outcomes

Author: Zorko, Nicholas A., Makovec, Allison, Elliott, Andrew, Kellen, Samuel, Lozada, John R., Arafa, Ali T., Felices, Martin, Shackelford, Madison, Barata, Pedro, Zakharia, Yousef, Narayan, Vivek, Stein, Mark N., Zarrabi, Kevin K., Patniak, Akash, Bilen, Mehmet A., Radovich, Milan, Sledge, George, El-Deiry, Wafik S., Heath, Elisabeth I., Hoon, Dave S. B., Nabhan, Chadi, Miller, Jeffrey S., Hwang, Justin H., and Antonarakis, Emmanuel S.
Published: 2025
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35. Working Poor Organization Behavior: Mediating Role of Mentorship and Supportive Supervisory Feedback

Author: Heath, Michele L. and Williams, Erika N.
Published: 2025
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36. Aberrant splicing in Huntington’s disease accompanies disrupted TDP-43 activity and altered m6A RNA modification

Author: Nguyen, Thai B., Miramontes, Ricardo, Chillon-Marinas, Carlos, Maimon, Roy, Vazquez-Sanchez, Sonia, Lau, Alice L., McClure, Nicolette R., Wu, Zhuoxing, Wang, Keona Q., England, Whitney E., Singha, Monika, Stocksdale, Jennifer T., Heath, Marie, Jang, Ki-Hong, Jung, Sunhee, Ling, Karen, Jafar-nejad, Paymann, McKnight, Jharrayne I., Ho, Leanne N., Dalahmah, Osama Al, Faull, Richard L. M., Steffan, Joan S., Reidling, Jack C., Jang, Cholsoon, Lee, Gina, Cleveland, Don W., Lagier-Tourenne, Clotilde, Spitale, Robert C., and Thompson, Leslie M.
Published: 2025
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37. An engineered aldolase enables the biocatalytic synthesis of 2′-functionalized nucleoside analogues

Author: Willmott, Matthew, Finnigan, William, Birmingham, William R., Derrington, Sasha R., Heath, Rachel S., Schnepel, Christian, Hayes, Martin A., Smith, Peter D., Falcioni, Francesco, and Turner, Nicholas J.
Published: 2025
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38. Lumpectomy Patients are at Highest Risk for Opioid Overprescription: A Comparison Between Practice Patterns and OPEN National Guidelines

Author: Swafford, Emily P., Anantha, Sadhana, Davis, Jenna, Heath, Rainya, Draper, Allison, Tevis, Sarah, Goel, Neha, Kesmodel, Susan B., and Rojas, Kristin E.
Published: 2025
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39. Enhancing Coping Self-efficacy and Well-being: A Multi-context Study of an Emotion Regulation Program for Preservice Teachers: Enhancing Coping Self-Efficacy and Well-being

Author: Wang, Hui, Böke, Bilun Naz, Chan, Wing Yan, and Heath, Nancy
Published: 2025
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40. Monitoring clonal burden as an alternative to blast count for myelodysplastic neoplasm treatment response: EARLY PHASE STUDIES

Author: Jacoby, Meagan A., Duncavage, Eric D., Khanna, Ajay, Chang, Gue Su, Nonavinkere Srivatsan, Sridhar, Miller, Christopher A., Gao, Feng, Robinson, Josh, Shao, Jin, Fulton, Robert S., Fronick, Catrina C., O’Laughlin, Michelle, Heath, Sharon E., Brendel, Kimberly, Chavez, Monique, DiPersio, John F., Abboud, Camille N., Stockerl-Goldstein, Keith, Westervelt, Peter, Cashen, Amanda, Pusic, Iskra, Oh, Stephen T., Welch, John S., Wells, Denise A., Loken, Michael R., Uy, Geoffrey L., and Walter, Matthew J.
Published: 2025
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41. Finding the Needle in the Haystack: Can Natural Language Processing of Students’ Evaluations of Teachers Identify Teaching Concerns?: Natural Language Processing Student Evaluation Teachers

Author: Dine, C. Jessica, Shea, Judy A., Clancy, Caitlin B., Heath, Janae K., Pluta, William, and Kogan, Jennifer R.
Published: 2025
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42. FLARE: A Framework Supporting Code Comprehension and Formative Assessment in Block-Based Programming Education.

Author: Justin Heath, Robert Whyte, and Sue Sentance
Published: 2025
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43. ++: Optimizing Proofs of Disjunctive Statements in VOLE-Based ZK

Author: Hazay, Carmit, Heath, David, Kolesnikov, Vladimir, Venkitasubramaniam, Muthuramakrishnan, Yang, Yibin, Goos, Gerhard, Series Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Chung, Kai-Min, editor, and Sasaki, Yu, editor
Published: 2025
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44. Digital Ethics and Equity in K-12 Blended and Online Learning

Author: Darling-Aduana, Jennifer, Heath, Marie K., Stewart, Ashley, Viano, Samantha, Asim, Sumreen, Garcia, Antero, Langran, Elizabeth, Heinrich, Carolyn, Woodley, Xeturah, Christakis, Dimitri A., editor, and Hale, Lauren, editor
Published: 2025
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45. Differential cross section measurements for the production of top quark pairs and of additional jets using dilepton events from pp collisions at s = 13 TeV

Author: Tumasyan, A., Adam, W., Andrejkovic, J. W., Bergauer, T., Chatterjee, S., Damanakis, K., Dragicevic, M., Escalante Del Valle, A., Hussain, P. S., Jeitler, M., Krammer, N., Lechner, L., Liko, D., Mikulec, I., Paulitsch, P., Pitters, F. M., Schieck, J., Schöfbeck, R., Schwarz, D., Templ, S., Waltenberger, W., Wulz, C.-E., Darwish, M. R., Janssen, T., Kello, T., Rejeb Sfar, H., Van Mechelen, P., Bols, E. S., D’Hondt, J., De Moor, A., Delcourt, M., El Faham, H., Lowette, S., Moortgat, S., Morton, A., Müller, D., Sahasransu, A. R., Tavernier, S., Van Doninck, W., Vannerom, D., Clerbaux, B., De Lentdecker, G., Favart, L., Jaramillo, J., Lee, K., Mahdavikhorrami, M., Makarenko, I., Malara, A., Paredes, S., Pétré, L., Postiau, N., Starling, E., Thomas, L., Vanden Bemden, M., Vander Velde, C., Vanlaer, P., Dobur, D., Knolle, J., Lambrecht, L., Mestdach, G., Niedziela, M., Rendón, C., Roskas, C., Samalan, A., Skovpen, K., Tytgat, M., Van Den Bossche, N., Vermassen, B., Wezenbeek, L., Benecke, A., Bruno, G., Bury, F., Caputo, C., David, P., Delaere, C., Donertas, I. S., Giammanco, A., Jaffel, K., Jain, Sa., Lemaitre, V., Mondal, K., Prisciandaro, J., Taliercio, A., Tran, T. T., Vischia, P., Wertz, S., Alves, G. A., Coelho, E., Hensel, C., Moraes, A., Rebello Teles, P., Aldá Júnior, W. L., Alves Gallo Pereira, M., Barroso Ferreira Filho, M., Brandao Malbouisson, H., Carvalho, W., Chinellato, J., Da Costa, E. M., Da Silveira, G. G., De Jesus Damiao, D., Dos Santos Sousa, V., Fonseca De Souza, S., Martins, J., Mora Herrera, C., Mota Amarilo, K., Mundim, L., Nogima, H., Santoro, A., Silva Do Amaral, S. M., Sznajder, A., Thiel, M., Torres Da Silva De Araujo, F., Vilela Pereira, A., Bernardes, C. A., Calligaris, L., Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R., Gregores, E. M., Mercadante, P. G., Novaes, S. F., Padula, Sandra S., Aleksandrov, A., Antchev, G., Hadjiiska, R., Iaydjiev, P., Misheva, M., Rodozov, M., Shopova, M., Sultanov, G., Dimitrov, A., Ivanov, T., Litov, L., Pavlov, B., Petkov, P., Petrov, A., Shumka, E., Cheng, T., Javaid, T., Mittal, M., Yuan, L., Ahmad, M., Bauer, G., Hu, Z., Lezki, S., Yi, K., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Iemmi, F., Jiang, C. H., Kapoor, A., Liao, H., Liu, Z.-A., Milosevic, V., Monti, F., Sharma, R., Tao, J., Thomas-Wilsker, J., Wang, J., Zhang, H., Zhao, J., Agapitos, A., An, Y., Ban, Y., Chen, C., Levin, A., Li, C., Li, Q., Lyu, X., Mao, Y., Qian, S. J., Sun, X., Wang, D., Xiao, J., Yang, H., Li, J., Lu, M., You, Z., Gao, X., Leggat, D., Okawa, H., Zhang, Y., Lin, Z., Lu, C., Xiao, M., Avila, C., Barbosa Trujillo, D. A., Cabrera, A., Florez, C., Fraga, J., Mejia Guisao, J., Ramirez, F., Rodriguez, M., Ruiz Alvarez, J. D., Giljanovic, D., Godinovic, N., Lelas, D., Puljak, I., Antunovic, Z., Kovac, M., Sculac, T., Brigljevic, V., Chitroda, B. K., Ferencek, D., Majumder, D., Roguljic, M., Starodumov, A., Susa, T., Attikis, A., Christoforou, K., Kole, G., Kolosova, M., Konstantinou, S., Mousa, J., Nicolaou, C., Ptochos, F., Razis, P. A., Rykaczewski, H., Saka, H., Finger, M., Finger, Jr., M., Kveton, A., Ayala, E., Carrera Jarrin, E., Elgammal, S., Ellithi Kamel, A., Lotfy, A., Mohammed, Y., Bhowmik, S., Dewanjee, R. K., Ehataht, K., Kadastik, M., Nandan, S., Nielsen, C., Pata, J., Raidal, M., Tani, L., Veelken, C., Eerola, P., Kirschenmann, H., Osterberg, K., Voutilainen, M., Bharthuar, S., Brücken, E., Garcia, F., Havukainen, J., Kim, M. S., Kinnunen, R., Lampén, T., Lassila-Perini, K., Lehti, S., Lindén, T., Lotti, M., Martikainen, L., Myllymäki, M., Ott, J., Rantanen, M. m., Siikonen, H., Tuominen, E., Tuominiemi, J., Luukka, P., Petrow, H., Tuuva, T., Amendola, C., Besancon, M., Couderc, F., Dejardin, M., Denegri, D., Faure, J. L., Ferri, F., Ganjour, S., Gras, P., Hamel de Monchenault, G., Jarry, P., Lohezic, V., Malcles, J., Rander, J., Rosowsky, A., Sahin, M. Ö., Savoy-Navarro, A., Simkina, P., Titov, M., Baldenegro Barrera, C., Beaudette, F., Buchot Perraguin, A., Busson, P., Cappati, A., Charlot, C., Damas, F., Davignon, O., Diab, B., Falmagne, G., Fontana Santos Alves, B. 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Published: 2025
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46. Search for resonant pair production of Higgs bosons in the bb¯bb¯s final state using large-area jets in proton-proton collisions at bb¯bb¯s = 13 TeV

Author: Tumasyan, A., Adam, W., Andrejkovic, J. W., Bergauer, T., Chatterjee, S., Damanakis, K., Dragicevic, M., Escalante Del Valle, A., Frühwirth, R., Jeitler, M., Krammer, N., Lechner, L., Liko, D., Mikulec, I., Paulitsch, P., Pitters, F. M., Schieck, J., Schöfbeck, R., Schwarz, D., Templ, S., Waltenberger, W., Wulz, C.-E., Darwish, M. R., De Wolf, E. A., Janssen, T., Kello, T., Lelek, A., Rejeb Sfar, H., Van Mechelen, P., Van Putte, S., Van Remortel, N., Bols, E. S., D’Hondt, J., Delcourt, M., El Faham, H., Lowette, S., Moortgat, S., Morton, A., Müller, D., Sahasransu, A. R., Tavernier, S., Van Doninck, W., Vannerom, D., Beghin, D., Bilin, B., Clerbaux, B., De Lentdecker, G., Favart, L., Kalsi, A. K., Lee, K., Mahdavikhorrami, M., Makarenko, I., Moureaux, L., Paredes, S., Pétré, L., Popov, A., Postiau, N., Starling, E., Thomas, L., Vanden Bemden, M., Vander Velde, C., Vanlaer, P., Cornelis, T., Dobur, D., Knolle, J., Lambrecht, L., Mestdach, G., Niedziela, M., Rendón, C., Roskas, C., Samalan, A., Skovpen, K., Tytgat, M., Vermassen, B., Wezenbeek, L., Benecke, A., Bethani, A., Bruno, G., Bury, F., Caputo, C., David, P., Delaere, C., Donertas, I. S., Giammanco, A., Jaffel, K., Jain, Sa., Lemaitre, V., Mondal, K., Prisciandaro, J., Taliercio, A., Teklishyn, M., Tran, T. T., Vischia, P., Wertz, S., Alves, G. A., Hensel, C., Moraes, A., Rebello Teles, P., Aldá Júnior, W. L., Alves Gallo Pereira, M., Barroso Ferreira Filho, M., Brandao Malbouisson, H., Carvalho, W., Chinellato, J., Da Costa, E. M., Da Silveira, G. G., De Jesus Damiao, D., Dos Santos Sousa, V., Fonseca De Souza, S., Mora Herrera, C., Mota Amarilo, K., Mundim, L., Nogima, H., Santoro, A., Silva Do Amaral, S. 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V., Harder, K., Harper, S., Holmberg, M.-L., Linacre, J., Manolopoulos, K., Newbold, D. M., Olaiya, E., Petyt, D., Reis, T., Schuh, T., Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H., Tomalin, I. R., Williams, T., Bainbridge, R., Bloch, P., Bonomally, S., Borg, J., Breeze, S., Buchmuller, O., Cepaitis, V., Chahal, G. S., Colling, D., Dauncey, P., Davies, G., Della Negra, M., Fayer, S., Fedi, G., Hall, G., Hassanshahi, M. H., Iles, G., Langford, J., Lyons, L., Magnan, A.-M., Malik, S., Martelli, A., Monk, D. G., Nash, J., Pesaresi, M., Radburn-Smith, B. C., Raymond, D. M., Richards, A., Rose, A., Scott, E., Seez, C., Shtipliyski, A., Tapper, A., Uchida, K., Virdee, T., Vojinovic, M., Wardle, N., Webb, S. N., Winterbottom, D., Coldham, K., Cole, J. E., Khan, A., Kyberd, P., Reid, I. D., Teodorescu, L., Zahid, S., Abdullin, S., Brinkerhoff, A., Caraway, B., Dittmann, J., Hatakeyama, K., Kanuganti, A. R., McMaster, B., Pastika, N., Saunders, M., Sawant, S., Sutantawibul, C., Wilson, J., Bartek, R., Dominguez, A., Uniyal, R., Vargas Hernandez, A. M., Buccilli, A., Cooper, S. I., Di Croce, D., Gleyzer, S. V., Henderson, C., Perez, C. U., Rumerio, P., West, C., Akpinar, A., Albert, A., Arcaro, D., Cosby, C., Demiragli, Z., Fontanesi, E., Gastler, D., May, S., Rohlf, J., Salyer, K., Sperka, D., Spitzbart, D., Suarez, I., Tsatsos, A., Yuan, S., Zou, D., Benelli, G., Burkle, B., Coubez, X., Cutts, D., Hadley, M., Heintz, U., Hogan, J. M., Kwon, T., Landsberg, G., Lau, K. T., Li, D., Lukasik, M., Luo, J., Narain, M., Pervan, N., Sagir, S., Simpson, F., Usai, E., Wong, W. Y., Yan, X., Yu, D., Zhang, W., Bonilla, J., Brainerd, C., Breedon, R., Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M., Chertok, M., Conway, J., Cox, P. T., Erbacher, R., Haza, G., Jensen, F., Kukral, O., Lander, R., Mulhearn, M., Pellett, D., Regnery, B., Taylor, D., Yao, Y., Zhang, F., Bachtis, M., Cousins, R., Datta, A., Hamilton, D., Hauser, J., Ignatenko, M., Iqbal, M. A., Lam, T., Nash, W. A., Regnard, S., Saltzberg, D., Stone, B., Valuev, V., Chen, Y., Clare, R., Gary, J. W., Gordon, M., Hanson, G., Karapostoli, G., Long, O. R., Manganelli, N., Si, W., Wimpenny, S., Zhang, Y., Branson, J. G., Chang, P., Cittolin, S., Cooperstein, S., Deelen, N., Diaz, D., Duarte, J., Gerosa, R., Giannini, L., Guiang, J., Kansal, R., Krutelyov, V., Lee, R., Letts, J., Masciovecchio, M., Mokhtar, F., Pieri, M., Sathia Narayanan, B. V., Sharma, V., Tadel, M., Würthwein, F., Xiang, Y., Yagil, A., Amin, N., Campagnari, C., Citron, M., Dorsett, A., Dutta, V., Incandela, J., Kilpatrick, M., Kim, J., Marsh, B., Mei, H., Oshiro, M., Quinnan, M., Richman, J., Sarica, U., Setti, F., Sheplock, J., Siddireddy, P., Stuart, D., Wang, S., Bornheim, A., Cerri, O., Dutta, I., Lawhorn, J. M., Lu, N., Mao, J., Newman, H. B., Nguyen, T. Q., Spiropulu, M., Vlimant, J. R., Wang, C., Xie, S., Zhang, Z., Zhu, R. Y., Alison, J., An, S., Andrews, M. B., Bryant, P., Ferguson, T., Harilal, A., Liu, C., Mudholkar, T., Paulini, M., Sanchez, A., Terrill, W., Cumalat, J. P., Ford, W. T., Hassani, A., Karathanasis, G., MacDonald, E., Patel, R., Perloff, A., Savard, C., Schonbeck, N., Stenson, K., Ulmer, K. A., Wagner, S. R., Zipper, N., Alexander, J., Bright-Thonney, S., Chen, X., Cheng, Y., Cranshaw, D. J., Hogan, S., Monroy, J., Patterson, J. R., Quach, D., Reichert, J., Reid, M., Ryd, A., Sun, W., Thom, J., Wittich, P., Zou, R., Albrow, M., Alyari, M., Apollinari, G., Apresyan, A., Apyan, A., Bauerdick, L. A. T., Berry, D., Berryhill, J., Bhat, P. C., Burkett, K., Butler, J. N., Canepa, A., Cerati, G. B., Cheung, H. W. K., Chlebana, F., Di Petrillo, K. F., Dickinson, J., Elvira, V. D., Feng, Y., Freeman, J., Gecse, Z., Gray, L., Green, D., Grünendahl, S., Gutsche, O., Harris, R. M., Heller, R., Herwig, T. C., Hirschauer, J., Jayatilaka, B., Jindariani, S., Johnson, M., Joshi, U., Klijnsma, T., Klima, B., Kwok, K. H. M., Lammel, S., Lincoln, D., Lipton, R., Liu, T., Madrid, C., Maeshima, K., Mantilla, C., Mason, D., McBride, P., Merkel, P., Mrenna, S., Nahn, S., Ngadiuba, J., Papadimitriou, V., Pedro, K., Pena, C., Ravera, F., Reinsvold Hall, A., Ristori, L., Sexton-Kennedy, E., Smith, N., Soha, A., Spiegel, L., Strait, J., Taylor, L., Tkaczyk, S., Tran, N. V., Uplegger, L., Vaandering, E. W., Weber, H. A., Avery, P., Bourilkov, D., Cadamuro, L., Cherepanov, V., Field, R. D., Guerrero, D., Joshi, B. M., Kim, M., Koenig, E., Konigsberg, J., Korytov, A., Lo, K. H., Matchev, K., Menendez, N., Mitselmakher, G., Muthirakalayil Madhu, A., Rawal, N., Rosenzweig, D., Rosenzweig, S., Shi, K., Wang, J., Wu, Z., Yigitbasi, E., Zuo, X., Adams, T., Askew, A., Habibullah, R., Hagopian, V., Johnson, K. F., Khurana, R., Kolberg, T., Martinez, G., Prosper, H., Schiber, C., Viazlo, O., Yohay, R., Zhang, J., Baarmand, M. M., Butalla, S., Elkafrawy, T., Hohlmann, M., Kumar Verma, R., Noonan, D., Rahmani, M., Yumiceva, F., Adams, M. R., Becerril Gonzalez, H., Cavanaugh, R., Dittmer, S., Evdokimov, O., Gerber, C. E., Hofman, D. J., Merrit, A. H., Mills, C., Oh, G., Roy, T., Rudrabhatla, S., Tonjes, M. B., Varelas, N., Viinikainen, J., Wang, X., Ye, Z., Alhusseini, M., Dilsiz, K., Emediato, L., Gandrajula, R. P., Köseyan, O. K., Merlo, J.-P., Mestvirishvili, A., Nachtman, J., Ogul, H., Onel, Y., Penzo, A., Snyder, C., Tiras, E., Amram, O., Blumenfeld, B., Brehm, D., Corcodilos, L., Davis, J., Gritsan, A. V., Kyriacou, S., Maksimovic, P., Roskes, J., Swartz, M., Vámi, T. Á., Abreu, A., Anguiano, J., Baldenegro Barrera, C., Baringer, P., Bean, A., Bylinkin, A., Flowers, Z., Isidori, T., Khalil, S., King, J., Krintiras, G., Kropivnitskaya, A., Lazarovits, M., Le Mahieu, C., Lindsey, C., Marquez, J., Minafra, N., Murray, M., Nickel, M., Rogan, C., Royon, C., Salvatico, R., Sanders, S., Schmitz, E., Smith, C., Wang, Q., Warner, Z., Williams, J., Wilson, G., Duric, S., Ivanov, A., Kaadze, K., Kim, D., Maravin, Y., Mitchell, T., Modak, A., Nam, K., Rebassoo, F., Wright, D., Adams, E., Baden, A., Baron, O., Belloni, A., Eno, S. C., Hadley, N. J., Jabeen, S., Kellogg, R. G., Koeth, T., Lai, Y., Lascio, S., Mignerey, A. C., Nabili, S., Palmer, C., Seidel, M., Skuja, A., Wang, L., Wong, K., Abercrombie, D., Andreassi, G., Bi, R., Busza, W., Cali, I. A., Chen, Y., D’Alfonso, M., Eysermans, J., Freer, C., Gomez-Ceballos, G., Goncharov, M., Harris, P., Hu, M., Klute, M., Kovalskyi, D., Krupa, J., Lee, Y.-J., Mironov, C., Paus, C., Rankin, D., Roland, C., Roland, G., Shi, Z., Stephans, G. S. F., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Wyslouch, B., Chatterjee, R. M., Evans, A., Hiltbrand, J., Jain, Sh., Krohn, M., Kubota, Y., Mans, J., Revering, M., Rusack, R., Saradhy, R., Schroeder, N., Strobbe, N., Wadud, M. A., Bloom, K., Bryson, M., Chauhan, S., Claes, D. R., Fangmeier, C., Finco, L., Golf, F., Joo, C., Kravchenko, I., Reed, I., Siado, J. E., Snow, G. R., Tabb, W., Wightman, A., Yan, F., Zecchinelli, A. G., Agarwal, G., Bandyopadhyay, H., Hay, L., Iashvili, I., Kharchilava, A., McLean, C., Nguyen, D., Pekkanen, J., Rappoccio, S., Williams, A., Alverson, G., Barberis, E., Haddad, Y., Han, Y., Hortiangtham, A., Krishna, A., Li, J., Lidrych, J., Madigan, G., Marzocchi, B., Morse, D. M., Nguyen, V., Orimoto, T., Parker, A., Skinnari, L., Tishelman-Charny, A., Wamorkar, T., Wang, B., Wisecarver, A., Wood, D., Bhattacharya, S., Bueghly, J., Chen, Z., Gilbert, A., Gunter, T., Hahn, K. A., Liu, Y., Odell, N., Schmitt, M. H., Velasco, M., Band, R., Bucci, R., Cremonesi, M., Das, A., Dev, N., Goldouzian, R., Hildreth, M., Hurtado Anampa, K., Jessop, C., Lannon, K., Lawrence, J., Loukas, N., Lutton, L., Mariano, J., Marinelli, N., Mcalister, I., McCauley, T., Mcgrady, C., Mohrman, K., Moore, C., Musienko, Y., Ruchti, R., Townsend, A., Wayne, M., Zarucki, M., Zygala, L., Bylsma, B., Durkin, L. S., Francis, B., Hill, C., Nunez Ornelas, M., Wei, K., Winer, B. L., Yates, B. R., Addesa, F. M., Bonham, B., Das, P., Dezoort, G., Elmer, P., Frankenthal, A., Greenberg, B., Haubrich, N., Higginbotham, S., Kalogeropoulos, A., Kopp, G., Kwan, S., Lange, D., Marlow, D., Mei, K., Ojalvo, I., Olsen, J., Stickland, D., Tully, C., Malik, S., Norberg, S., Bakshi, A. S., Barnes, V. E., Chawla, R., Das, S., Gutay, L., Jones, M., Jung, A. W., Kondratyev, D., Koshy, A. M., Liu, M., Negro, G., Neumeister, N., Paspalaki, G., Piperov, S., Purohit, A., Schulte, J. F., Stojanovic, M., Thieman, J., Wang, F., Xiao, R., Xie, W., Dolen, J., Parashar, N., Acosta, D., Baty, A., Carnahan, T., Decaro, M., Dildick, S., Ecklund, K. M., Freed, S., Gardner, P., Geurts, F. J. M., Kumar, A., Li, W., Padley, B. P., Redjimi, R., Rotter, J., Shi, W., Stahl Leiton, A. G., Yang, S., Zhang, L., Zhang, Y., Bodek, A., de Barbaro, P., Demina, R., Dulemba, J. L., Fallon, C., Ferbel, T., Galanti, M., Garcia-Bellido, A., Hindrichs, O., Khukhunaishvili, A., Ranken, E., Taus, R., Van Onsem, G. P., Chiarito, B., Chou, J. P., Gandrakota, A., Gershtein, Y., Halkiadakis, E., Hart, A., Heindl, M., Karacheban, O., Laflotte, I., Lath, A., Montalvo, R., Nash, K., Osherson, M., Salur, S., Schnetzer, S., Somalwar, S., Stone, R., Thayil, S. A., Thomas, S., Wang, H., Acharya, H., Delannoy, A. G., Fiorendi, S., Spanier, S., Bouhali, O., Dalchenko, M., Delgado, A., Eusebi, R., Gilmore, J., Huang, T., Kamon, T., Kim, H., Luo, S., Malhotra, S., Mueller, R., Overton, D., Rathjens, D., Safonov, A., Akchurin, N., Damgov, J., Hegde, V., Kunori, S., Lamichhane, K., Lee, S. W., Mengke, T., Muthumuni, S., Peltola, T., Volobouev, I., Wang, Z., Whitbeck, A., Appelt, E., Greene, S., Gurrola, A., Johns, W., Melo, A., Padeken, K., Romeo, F., Sheldon, P., Tuo, S., Velkovska, J., Arenton, M. W., Cardwell, B., Cox, B., Cummings, G., Hakala, J., Hirosky, R., Joyce, M., Ledovskoy, A., Li, A., Neu, C., Perez Lara, C. E., Tannenwald, B., White, S., Poudyal, N., Banerjee, S., Black, K., Bose, T., Dasu, S., De Bruyn, I., Everaerts, P., Galloni, C., He, H., Herndon, M., Herve, A., Hussain, U., Lanaro, A., Loeliger, A., Loveless, R., Madhusudanan Sreekala, J., Mallampalli, A., Mohammadi, A., Pinna, D., Savin, A., Shang, V., Sharma, V., Smith, W. H., Teague, D., Trembath-Reichert, S., Vetens, W., Afanasiev, S., Budkouski, D., Golutvin, I., Gorbunov, I., Karjavine, V., Korenkov, V., Lanev, A., Malakhov, A., Matveev, V., Palichik, V., Perelygin, V., Savina, M., Shalaev, V., Shmatov, S., Shulha, S., Smirnov, V., Teryaev, O., Voytishin, N., Yuldashev, B. S., Zarubin, A., Zhizhin, I., Gavrilov, G., Golovtcov, V., Ivanov, Y., Kim, V., Kuznetsova, E., Murzin, V., Oreshkin, V., Smirnov, I., Sosnov, D., Sulimov, V., Uvarov, L., Volkov, S., Vorobyev, A., Andreev, Yu., Dermenev, A., Gninenko, S., Golubev, N., Karneyeu, A., Kirpichnikov, D., Kirsanov, M., Krasnikov, N., Pashenkov, A., Pivovarov, G., Toropin, A., Aushev, T., Epshteyn, V., Gavrilov, V., Lychkovskaya, N., Nikitenko, A., Popov, V., Stepennov, A., Toms, M., Vlasov, E., Zhokin, A., Bychkova, O., Chistov, R., Danilov, M., Oskin, A., Parygin, P., Polikarpov, S., Andreev, V., Azarkin, M., Dremin, I., Kirakosyan, M., Terkulov, A., Belyaev, A., Boos, E., Bunichev, V., Dubinin, M., Dudko, L., Ershov, A., Klyukhin, V., Kodolova, O., Obraztsov, S., Perfilov, M., Petrushanko, S., Savrin, V., Blinov, V., Dimova, T., Kardapoltsev, L., Kozyrev, A., Ovtin, I., Radchenko, O., Skovpen, Y., Kachanov, V., Konstantinov, D., Slabospitskii, S., Uzunian, A., Babaev, A., Okhotnikov, V., Borshch, V., Ivanchenko, V., Tcherniaev, E., Chekhovsky, V., Litomin, A., and Makarenko, V.
Published: 2025
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47. Bulge+disc decomposition of HFF and CANDELS galaxies: UVJ diagrams and stellar mass-size relations of galaxy components at $0.2 \leq z \leq 1.5$

Author: Nedkova, Kalina V., Häußler, Boris, Marchesini, Danilo, Brammer, Gabriel B., Feinstein, Adina D., Johnston, Evelyn J., Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S., Koekemoer, Anton M., Martis, Nicholas S., Muzzin, Adam, Rafelski, Marc, Shipley, Heath V., Skelton, Rosalind E., Stefanon, Mauro, van der Wel, Arjen, and Whitaker, Katherine E.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Using deep imaging from the CANDELS and HFF surveys, we present bulge+disc decompositions with GalfitM for $\sim$17,000 galaxies over $0.2 \leq z\leq 1.5$. We use various model parameters to select reliable samples of discs and bulges, and derive their stellar masses using an empirically calibrated relation between mass-to-light ratio and colour. Across our entire redshift range, we show that discs follow stellar mass-size relations that are consistent with those of star-forming galaxies, suggesting that discs primarily evolve via star formation. In contrast, the stellar mass-size relations of bulges are mass-independent. Our novel dataset further enables us to separate components into star-forming and quiescent based on their specific star formation rates. We find that both star-forming discs and star-forming bulges lie on stellar mass-size relations that are similar to those of star-forming galaxies, while quiescent discs are typically smaller than star-forming discs and lie on steeper relations, implying distinct evolutionary mechanisms. Similar to quiescent galaxies, quiescent bulges show a flattening in the stellar mass-size relation at $\sim$10$^{10}$M$_\odot$, below which they show little mass dependence. However, their best-fitting relations have lower normalisations, indicating that at a given mass, bulges are smaller than quiescent galaxies. Finally, we obtain rest-frame colours for individual components, showing that bulges typically have redder colours than discs, as expected. We visually derive UVJ criteria to separate star-forming and quiescent components and show that this separation agrees well with component colour. HFF bulge+disc decomposition catalogues used for these analyses are publicly released with this paper., Comment: 30 pages, 18 figures, and 6 tables. Resubmitted to MNRAS after addressing a thorough and constructive referee report
Published: 2024

48. First detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering on germanium

Author: Adamski, S., Ahn, M., Barbeau, P. S., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cedarblade-Jones, N., Rivera, J. Colón, Conley, E., da Silva, V., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Erlandson, A., Fabris, L., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hakenmüller, J., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Jeong, H., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Jones, H., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Kyzylova, O., Lee, Y., Li, G., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Luxnat, M., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mattingly, J., Moye, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Ogoi, N., O'Reilly, J., Parno, D. S., Pérez-Loureiro, D., Pershey, D., Prior, C. G., Queen, J., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Stringer, M., Subedi, T., Suh, B., Sur, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tsai, Y. -T., van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Ward, E. M., Wongjirad, T., Yang, Y., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zaalishvili, A.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report the first detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) on germanium, measured at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The Ge-Mini detector of the COHERENT collaboration employs large-mass, low-noise, high-purity germanium spectrometers, enabling excellent energy resolution, and an analysis threshold of 1.5 keV electron-equivalent ionization energy. We observe a on-beam excess of 20.6$_{+7.1}^{-6.3}$ counts with a total exposure of 10.22 GWhkg and we reject the no-CEvNS hypothesis with 3.9 sigma significance. The result agrees with the predicted standard model of particle physics signal rate within 2 sigma., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2024

49. Harnessing Multimodal Sensing for Multi-user Beamforming in mmWave Systems

Author: Patel, Kartik and Heath Jr, Robert W.
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract: Sensor-aided beamforming reduces the overheads associated with beam training in millimeter-wave (mmWave) multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) communication systems. Most prior work, though, neglects the challenges associated with establishing multi-user (MU) communication links in mmWave MIMO systems. In this paper, we propose a new framework for sensor-aided beam training in MU mmWave MIMO system. We leverage the beamspace representation of the channel that contains only the angles-of-departure (AoDs) of the channel's significant multipath components. We show that a deep neural network (DNN)-based multimodal sensor fusion framework can estimate the beamspace representation of the channel using sensor data. To aid the DNN training, we introduce a novel supervised soft-contrastive loss (SSCL) function that leverages the inherent similarity between channels to extract similar features from the sensor data for similar channels. Finally, we design an MU beamforming strategy that uses the estimated beamspaces of the channels to select analog precoders for all users in a way that prevents transmission to multiple users over the same directions. Compared to the baseline, our approach achieves more than 4$\times$ improvement in the median sum-spectral efficiency (SE) at 42 dBm equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) with 4 active users. This demonstrates that sensor data can provide more channel information than previously explored, with significant implications for machine learning (ML)-based communication and sensing systems.
Published: 2024
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50. A collection of cancellative, singly aligned, non-embeddable monoids

Author: Edwardes, Milo and Heath, Daniel
Subjects: Mathematics - Rings and Algebras, Mathematics - Operator Algebras, 20M10
Abstract: By classical results of Malcev, cancellative monoids need not be group-embeddable. In this paper, we describe and give presentations for and study an infinite family $\mathcal{M}_n$ of cancellative monoids which are not group-embeddable, originating from Malcev's original work. We show that $\mathcal{M}_n$ is singly aligned for $n \geq 2$, owing to applications in the study of $\mathrm{C}^*$-algebras by Brix, Bruce and Dor-On. We finish by showing that $\mathcal{M}_1$ is not singly aligned, but is $2$-aligned., Comment: 11 pages. Minor changes to title, abstract, terminology and ordering following referee comments. To appear in Semigroup Forum
Published: 2024

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