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Copyright of Annals of Cultural Studies / Roczniki Kulturoznawcze is the property of John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Institute of Cultural Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Social & Economic Studies is the property of University of the West Indies - Mona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Phleum pratense (L.) is perennial grass. The aim of this paper was to determine the stability of maturing time of germplazm population Phleum pratense L. 20 autochthonous populations of Phleum pratense L., originating in western Serbia. Significant differences between the examined populations were determined by analysis of variance. It is evident that the year had a statistically significant influence on the tested parameter in the population of PP20. The start time for maturing for all populations was, on average, 57.49 days for the first study year and 61.31 days for the second year studied. Stability of the examined values for the panicle forming start time, between years, was noted, Cv = 5.86%. The highest stability by years, was tested at population PP10 (CV = 1.63%). The coefficient of variation for the length of panicle for all populations was Cv = 19.15%. The statistically significantly better productive properties were at the late populations of PP20 (17.08 cm), PP16 (17.08 cm), PP4 (12.77 cm) and PP9 (12.11 cm) compared to other tested populations. Populations PP20, PP16, PP4 and PP9 have a good basis and can serve as good material for further breeding programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objectives of this study were (i) to investigate the best fitting model for the genetic analysis of type traits and (ii) to estimate the genetic parameters of 4 composite (body size, muscularity, body shape, and udder) and 22 individual type traits between and within the two strains of the Valdostana dual purpose breed: the Aosta Red Pied (ARP; n =25,183 records) and the Aosta Black Pied and Chestnut (ABP-CHES; n =14,701 records). All type traits were scored from 2000 to 2012 on primiparous cows using a 1 to 5-point scale system. A model comparison was undertaken by considering the Akaike Information Criterion values obtained from the analysis, producing a final model that took into account the effects of herd-year-classifier, days in milk, age at calving as fixed and the animal additive genetic effect as random. Heritability estimates obtained through single trait animal model analysis varied from 0.03 for thinness (in both strains) to 0.32 (ARP) and 0.29 (ABP-CHES) for stature. Medium-low heritability estimates were obtained for individual muscularity traits (0.22 for ARP and 0.13 for ABP-CHES), and for individual udder type traits (0.12 on average in both Valdostana strains). The highest genetic correlations between composite traits were for muscularity with body shape in both Valdostana strains (0.55 for ARP and 0.52 for ABP-CHES). Different and opposite values of genetic correlations were found for the composite body shape and the composite udder traits (0.13 for ARP and –0.25 for ABP-CHES; P <0.01), probably due to the different breeding purposes set up for the two Valdostana strains. Regarding the individual type traits, for the ARP strain the highest genetic correlation was 0.97 (between thigh, buttocks side and rear view), whereas for the ABP-CHES strain it was 0.98 (between stature and body length), meaning that improving one trait of each pair led to a positive variation in the other. Most of the genetic correlations between the individual muscularity traits and the individual udder traits were negative, especially those involving udder volume (from –0.19 to –0.42 in ARP, and from –0.17 to –0.41 in ABP-CHES; P <0.01), indicating a substantial antagonistic situation of type traits related to dairy and beef traits. In conclusion, the selection for the dual purpose in local breeds such as in Valdostana cattle implies a thorough consideration of opposite morphological traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study we use six nuclear SSR loci (SS2, MD5, MD7, MD27, ZAG 62 and ZAG 79) to characterize four autochthonous grapevine cultivars (Băbeasca neagră, Feteasca regalǎ, Frâncuşa, and Grasa de Cotnari), including four international comparative genotypes (Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay Blanc, Riesling Italian and Merlot Noir). The DNA microsatellite analysis was used to construct a barcode system. The advantage of this mode of grouping data is a visual representation of the number and size of alleles, allowing easy detection of genotypic differences between analysed cultivars. Our results shows that this system of data grouping can be useful for characterisation of Romanian cultivars at molecular level. The integration of such DNA barcodes into nationally and internationally coordinated databases could increase the accuracy with which grapevine genetic resources are managed in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis presents earthworm distribution in eight designated tectonic units (C—Cyprus, EP—East Pondites, ET—East Taurus block, Sc—Sakarya continent, Kb—Kırşehir block, L—the Levant, TM—Taurus–Menderes block, WP—West Pondites) in the East Mediterranean region (EM). It represents a full list of earthworm species ( N = 81) of the region and reveals significant faunal similarities between Sc + WP, and between Kb + TM. The new Sc + WP unit is characterized by the presence of archaic ( Spermophorodrilus) as well as modern earthworm fauna. In contrast, the second newly established Kb + TM unit is characterized by poorly presented earthworm autochthonous fauna and by a lack of endemic species. The analysis done on the species list ( N = 73) representing the autochthonous family Lumbricidae showed statistically supported separation of L and EP between themselves and from other designated units. The Levant, part of the Arabian tectonic plate, is characterized by a high level of endemism in ancient ( Healyella) and modern ( Dendrobaena, Perelia) genera, and by the lack of archaic genera. The EP harbors unique species representing archaic ( Eophila), ancient ( Healyella), and modern ( Allolobophora, Aporrectodea, Dendrobaena and Eisenia) earthworm genera in the EM. The analysis also indicates origin of earthworm fauna in TM and faunistic relationships among the designated units. Clearly, the present-day division of the EM earthworm fauna shows recognizable influences of tectonic history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Any bacterial strain to be used as starter culture should have suitable characteristics, including a lack of amino acid decarboxylase activity. In this study, the decarboxylase activity of 76 bacterial strains, including lactic acid bacteria and grampositive, catalase-positive cocci, was investigated. These strains were previously isolated from European traditional fermented sausages to develop autochthonous starter cultures. Of all the strains tested, 48% of the lactic acid bacteria strains and 13% of gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci decarboxylated one or more amino acids. Aminogenic potential was strain dependent, although some species had a higher proportion of aminogenic strains than did others. Thus, all Lactobacillus curvatus strains and 70% of Lactobacillus brevis strains had the capacity to produce tyramine and β-phenylethylamine. Some strains also produced other aromatic amines, such as tryptamine and the diamines putrescine and cadaverine. All the enterococcal strains tested were decarboxylase positive, producing high amounts of tyramine and considerable amounts of β-phenylethylamine. None of the staphylococcal strains had tyrosine-decarboxylase activity, but some produced other amines. From the aminogenic point of view, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus sakei, and Staphylococcus xylosus strains would be the most suitable for use as autochthonous starter cultures for traditional fermented sausages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many major rival models of the origin of the Hindu caste system co-exist despite extensive studies, each with associated genetic evidences. One of the major factors that has still kept the origin of the Indian caste system obscure is the unresolved question of the origin of Y-haplogroup R1a1*, at times associated with a male-mediated major genetic influx from Central Asia or Eurasia, which has contributed to the higher castes in India. Y-haplogroup R1a1* has a widespread distribution and high frequency across Eurasia, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent, with scanty reports of its ancestral (R*, R1* and R1a*) and derived lineages (R1a1a, R1a1b and R1a1c). To resolve these issues, we screened 621 Y-chromosomes (of Brahmins occupying the upper-most caste position and schedule castes/tribals occupying the lower-most positions) with 55 Y-chromosomal binary markers and seven Y-microsatellite markers and compiled an extensive dataset of 2809 Y-chromosomes (681 Brahmins, and 2128 tribals and schedule castes) for conclusions. A peculiar observation of the highest frequency (up to 72.22%) of Y-haplogroup R1a1* in Brahmins hinted at its presence as a founder lineage for this caste group. Further, observation of R1a1* in different tribal population groups, existence of Y-haplogroup R1a* in ancestors and extended phylogenetic analyses of the pooled dataset of 530 Indians, 224 Pakistanis and 276 Central Asians and Eurasians bearing the R1a1* haplogroup supported the autochthonous origin of R1a1 lineage in India and a tribal link to Indian Brahmins. However, it is important to discover novel Y-chromosomal binary marker(s) for a higher resolution of R1a1* and confirm the present conclusions.Journal of Human Genetics (2009) 54, 47–55; doi:10.1038/jhg.2008.2; published online 9 January 2009 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is dealing with general aspects of migration flow. A special interest is given to show how the spatial distribution of international migrants affected the autochthon population. The results of the analysis could highly contribute to formulate the future strategy. How we are able to gain from a potential flow? The stock of migrants by age, skill and citizenship, residential areas generate the migration strategy of the host countries. The author gives on the basis of recent statistical date an overview for the past decade, trying to underline the peculiarity of the Central European regions in the global trends, the security problems of migration, as well as the real parameters compared to the mainstream trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To isolate and identify linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS)-degrading bacteria from Río de la Plata and adjacent waters, and to assay their degradation capability as a consortium and as single organisms. Methods and Results: A consortium consisting of four bacterial strains: Aeromonas caviae (two strains), Pseudomonas alcaliphila and Vibrio sp. was identified by 16S rRNA analysis. Isolates grown as a consortium produced higher biomass from LAS and CO2 release (mineralization) than individual cultures, and degraded 86% of LAS (20 mg l−1), whereas pure strains degraded between 21% and 60%. Bacterial desulfonation from LAS was evidenced in the consortium and A. caviae strains. A complete disappearance of LAS (10 mg l−1) was accomplished, and LAS levels of 50 and 100 mg l−1 led to a pronounced decrease in the biodegradation extent and inhibition of culture growth. Conclusions: A bacterial consortium capable of complete LAS degradation was isolated from the Río de la Plata and adjacent waters. This consortium was more efficient for LAS degradation than individual cultures, and was sensitive to high LAS concentrations. Significance and Impact of the Study: The autochthonous consortium with high effectiveness on LAS biodegradation is a useful tool for LAS depletion from these polluted ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The North American Cordilleran Orogen is the result of a two-stage process: (a) Triassic-Jurassic accretion within Panthalassa forming SAYBIA, a composite ribbon continent, and (b) Late Cretaceous collision of SAYBIA with North America. This model requires that a large portion of the continental foreland of the orogen is exotic. The exotic continental component of SAYBIA, Cassiar Platform, is distinguished from the autochthon on the basis of its (a) Triassic Eurasian fauna; (b) involvement in a major Late Triassic-Early Jurassic orogenic event; and (c) young, in part Grenvillian basement and mantle. A mid-Cretaceous magmatic arc records west-dipping subduction beneath the east-margin of SAYBIA. The related accretionary prism consists of imbricated shale, chert, and deep-water limestones (the Medial Basin) and overlies an isotopically juvenile mantle domain. Carbonatite complexes delineate the cryptic suture separating SAYBIA and the autochthon. Paleomagnetic and paleobotanical data place SAYBIA 2000 km to the south relative to the autochthon at 80 Ma. Late Cretaceous thrust belt development records transpression between the north-moving ribbon continent and the autochthon. Pinning against the Okhotsk-Chukotka arc in Siberia buckled SAYBIA, giving rise to the Alaskan promontory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most cases of furuncular myiasis in the United States are acquired during travel to other countries. Autochthonous cases are infrequently reported and are most often due to accidental infestation of humans by larvae of flies belonging to the genus Cuterebra, commonly known as "rabbit bot flies" or "rodent bot flies." We describe a case of furuncular myiasis due to Cuterebra larvae in the hand of a patient residing in Wisconsin. The infestation was acquired while the patient gardened near a seepage lake during August. The patient developed papular lesions on the hand and received therapy for presumed bacterial furunculosis, which did not lead to improvement. Retrieval of one of the larvae from the patient permitted identification of the causative agent, and application of an occlusive ointment resulted in complete cure. North American cuterebrid myiasis is rare, and the diagnosis is frequently delayed. Myiasis should be considered when treating patients with refractory furunculosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzes fatty acid (FA) biomarkers in zooplankton to investigate the effect of allochthonous and autochthonous OM ingestion on MeHg concentrations ([MeHg]) in zooplankton and to examine how algal and bacterial food sources affect MeHg bioaccumulation. Introduction; Materials and methods; Analyses; Results; Taxonomic composition; THg and MeHg in zooplankton; Lipids in zooplankton; FAME in zooplankton; MeHg concentrations in zooplankton; Allochthonous and autochthonous origin of zooplankton diet; Autochthonous vs. allochthonous diet and MeHg.

Examines the history of algal crusts, autochthonous and clastic gypsum in a cannibalistic evaporite basin from the Messinian of Northern Apennines in Italy. Selenite composition of a gypsum bed; Determination of salt fractionation.

We report 2 cases of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in southern France in a French woman and an American man of Togolese origin who reported no recent travel to malaria-endemic countries. Both infections occurred after a stay near Marseille, which raises the possibility of autochthonous transmission. Entomologic and genotypic investigations are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]