Search

About 100 C. luteus were examined to determine the extent of the presence of diseasecausing bacteria in the Diwaniyah River from April 2021 to March 2022. The bacteria were isolated using the VITEK2 system, and vital tests identified the species Aeromonas hydrophila and Sphingobacterium thalpophilum. Aeromonas hydrophila and S. thalpophilum were tested in vitro, revealing noticeable antibiotic susceptibility. Levofloxacin (=0.22 µg/ml for A. hydrophila and =0.20 µg/ml for S. thalpophilum), as well as Ciprofloxacin (=0.10 µg/ml) and Imipenem (=0.23 µg/ml), demonstrated notable effectiveness. Resistance to Cefazolin was observed in A. hydrophila (=69 µg/ml) and S. thalpophilum (=70 µg/ml). The study highlights the presence of harmful bacteria in C. luteus from the river, specifically A. hydrophila and S. thalpophilum. The findings emphasize the critical importance of prudent antibiotic use and ongoing monitoring in aquaculture practices to mitigate risks and safeguard public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citrobacter freundii has a low virulence factor, however researchers have discovered that it possesses multidrug resistance bacterium. Silver nanoparticles are often used in industry and have an inhibitory effect on a range of microorganisms. They’ve also been used to manufacture ointments and lotions to prevent infection in burns and wounds. Bacterial biofilm is an aggregation of bacteria on biotic and abiotic surfaces, wrapped in an expolysaccharied matrix and extracellular DNA and characterized by antibiotic, disinfectant, and phagocytosis resistance. The difficulty in treating biofilm bacteria necessitates the development of a novel solution. The Vitek2 system (bio- Me’rieux) was used to assess antibiotic resistance, the biofilm assay was detected using the Congo red technique, and AgNO3 + NaBH4 Ag + H2+ B2H6 + NaNO3 (AgNPs) were synthesized chemically. According to the findings, the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as an alternative treatment to eradicate biofilm-forming bacteria is advised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is the most important, resistant and dangerous organism in burn wound infections in human. Extracellular and virulence factors lead to tissue damage tissue damage during infection with P. aeruginosa. One important virulence factor including exotoxin A(ETA) encoded by the tox A gene. In this study, 45 wound swabs from burned skin patients admitted to Al-Hilla Teaching Hospital/Babylon, 2013 from different localities in Babylon were collected to study the frequency of P. aeruginosa and human immune response. Polymerase chain traction technique (PCR) was used for detection ETA gene as a virulent factor producing by P. aeruginosa from burned skin wound infections together with interferon gamma and interleukin 18. The results showed that P. aeruginosa had a frequency of 51.1% among burned skin patients. The bacteriological culture showed that 19 out of 45 (42.2%) were positive for P. aeruginosa while 23 out of 45 (51.1%) were positive for P. aeruginosa. Only 17 out of 23 (73.91%) were ETA producing P. aeruginosa. Also bacteremia occurred only in 9 out of 17 (52.94%) in ETA producing P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa infection was presented to a lesser degree. In addition to that P. aeruginosa that expresses the ETA gene were the most common and toxic pathogens in burned patients and lead to bacteremia and septicemia. The using of PCR technique a rapid and accurate technique might be helpful in combating its toxicity. ETA might contributed to the overall virulent factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]