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Background: Academic achievement is one of the most important criteria in assessing students' ability to complete their university studies and reach the graduation stage. Students in medical sciences are considered the primary recipients of educational services and are the best source for identifying problems in medical or clinical education, as they are directly and indirectly involved in this interaction process., Methods: This study was conducted in the years 2022-2023 using conventional content analysis at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. A total of 23 students from various faculties of this university were selected through purposive sampling, and their experiences and perspectives were utilized until data saturation was reached. Data was collected through semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews using an interview guide. Content analysis was performed using the conventional content analysis method., Results: Two main themes were extracted with the titles "Facilitators of Academic Achievement" and "Barriers to Academic Achievement ". "Teacher-related Factors," "Assessment and Evaluation," "Student-related Factors," "Learning Environment," and "Support Systems" were the categories derived from the analysis of the data for academic achievement, and "Poor Educational Quality and Teaching Methods," "Lack of Interdisciplinary Collaboration and Integration," "Inappropriate Educational Planning and Administration," "Communication Issues," and "Contextual barriers," were the categories derived for "Barriers to Academic achievement" based on 238 codes and 36 subcategories., Conclusion: Since factors such as satisfaction with educational and welfare facilities and academic motivation impact the quality of education, examining these variables from students' perspectives is beneficial for formulating regulations, providing appropriate facilities, planning for the training of capable students, and selecting suitable educational and learning processes., Competing Interests: Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate This study has been approved by the ethics committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (ethics code IR.TBZMED.REC.1401.480, approval date: 2022-08-29). Informed written consent was obtained from all participants. All methods were carried out following relevant guidelines and regulations. Consent for publication Not applicable. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), intrapartum care is considered a platform for providing respectful, personalized, and women-centered services to women. This study aims to investigate the intrapartum care model proposed by WHO., Methods: This convergent parallel mixed-methods study will be carried out in qualitative and quantitative phases. In the quantitative phase (a quasi-experimental study), 108 pregnant women admitted to the maternity ward will be randomized to intervention (receiving intrapartum care based on the WHO model) and control group (receiving routine hospital care) before the beginning of the active stage of labor (cervix dilatation equal to 5 cm) and Wijma's delivery fear scale (DFS) will be completed for them and again at 7-8 cm dilatation. The participants of both groups will be followed up for 6 weeks after labor and then they will be invited to a relatively quiet place to complete the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ 2.0), the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptom Scale (PSS-I), the Pregnancy and Childbirth Questionnaire (PCQ), exclusive breastfeeding and a checklist on willingness to give birth to another child. The qualitative phase will employ content analysis to explain mothers' views about the effects of this model especially subjective components of this model on their labor process after 4-6 weeks. The two phase's results will be discussed in combination., Discussion: The implementation of such care models is expected to prevent mental disorders caused by negative experiences of childbirth, and also, prevent uncontrolled increases in cesarean sections., Clinical Trial Registration: https://fa.irct.ir/user/trial/68313/view, identifier (IRCT20120718010324N69)., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (© 2024 Abdolalipour, Abbasalizadeh, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Abbasalizadeh, Jahanfar and Mirghafourvand.)

Background: In 2018, the World Health Organization published a set of recommendations for further emphasis on the quality of intrapartum care to improve the childbirth experience. This study aimed to determine the effects of the WHO intrapartum care model on the childbirth experience, fear of childbirth, the quality of intrapartum care (primary outcomes), as well as post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, postpartum depression, the duration of childbirth stages, the frequency of vaginal childbirth, Apgar score less than 7, desire for subsequent childbearing, and exclusive breastfeeding in the 4 to 6 weeks postpartum period (secondary outcomes)., Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial involving 108 pregnant women admitted to the maternity units of Al-Zahra and Taleghani hospitals in Tabriz-Iran. Participants were allocated to either the intervention group, which received care according to the ' 'intrapartum care model, or the control group, which received the' 'hospital's routine care, using the blocked randomization method. A Partograph chart was drawn for each participant during pregnancy. A delivery fear scale was completed by all participants both before the beginning of the active phase (pre-intervention) and during 7 to 8 cm dilation (post-intervention). Participants in both groups were followed up for 4 to 6 weeks after childbirth and were asked to complete questionnaires on childbirth experience, postpartum depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, as well as the pregnancy and childbirth questionnaire and checklists on the desire to have children again and exclusive breastfeeding. The data were analyzed using independent T and Mann-Whitney U tests and analysis of covariance ANCOVA with adjustments for the parity variable and the baseline scores or childbirth fear., Results: The average score for the childbirth experience total was notably higher in the intervention group (Adjusted Mean Difference (AMD) (95% Confidence Interval (CI)): 7.0 (0.6 to 0.8), p < 0.001). Similarly, the intrapartum care quality score exhibited a significant increase in the intervention group (AMD (95% CI): 7.0 (4.0 to 10), p < 0.001). Furthermore, the post-intervention fear of childbirth score demonstrated a substantial decrease in the intervention group (AMD (95% CI): -16.0 (-22.0 to -10.0), p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of mean scores for depression, PTSD symptoms, duration of childbirth stages, frequency of vaginal childbirth, Apgar score less than 7, and exclusive breastfeeding in the 4 to 6 weeks postpartum (p > 0.05)., Conclusion: The intrapartum care model endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO) has demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing childbirth experiences and increasing maternal satisfaction with the quality of obstetric care. Additionally, it contributes to the reduction of fear associated with labor and childbirth. Future research endeavors should explore strategies to prioritize and integrate respectful, high-quality care during labor and childbirth alongside clinical measures., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: Perceived care quality and patient satisfaction have been important care quality indicators in recent decades, and healthcare professionals have been influential on women's childbirth experience. This study investigated the measurement properties of the Persian version of the Pregnancy and Childbirth Questionnaire (PCQ), designed to measure mothers' satisfaction with the quality of healthcare services provided during pregnancy and childbirth., Methods: This is a cross-sectional methodological study. Instrument translation, face validity, content validity, structural validity, and reliability evaluation were performed to determine the measurement properties of the PCQ's Persian version. A backward-forward approach was employed for the translation process. Impact scores were selected based on the items' importance to measure face validity. Content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) were calculated to measure content validity, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to measure structural validity. The cluster random sampling method was used, resulting in a sample of 250 eligible women referred to the health centers of Tabriz, Iran, who were 4 to 6 weeks after giving birth. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) using a test-retest approach were used to determine the questionnaire's reliability., Results: The impact scores of all items were above 1.5, which indicates a suitable face validity. The content validity was also favorable (CVR = 0.95, CVI = 0.90). Exploratory factor analysis on 25 items led to the removal of item 2 due to a factor loading of less than 0.3 and the extraction of three factors explaining 65.07% of the variances. The results of the sample adequacy size were significant (< 0.001, and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin = 0.886). The model's validity was confirmed based on the confirmatory factor analysis fit indicators (i.e., RMSEA = 0.08, SRMR = 0.09, TLI = 0.91, CFI = 0.93, x 2 /df = 4.65). The tool's reliability was also confirmed (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88, and ICC (95% CI) = 0.93 (0.88 to 0.95))., Conclusion: The validity and reliability of the PCQ's Persian version were suitable to measure the extent to which Iranian women are satisfied with the quality of prenatal and intrapartum care., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: Evaluating the curriculum based on its success rate in preparing skilled midwives proficient in performing professional skills is a fundamental component of the midwifery education system. This study aimed to evaluate the content, strengths, and weaknesses of the midwifery curriculum in Iran based on the most recent ICM midwifery education standards in all competence areas, as well as to obtain expert feedback on the necessary courses or lessons for the curriculum using the Delphi method., Methods: This research was conducted in two phases: comparative analysis and the Delphi method. In the comparative analysis, the curriculum mapping tool was used to compare Iran's midwifery curriculum for bachelor's degrees to the international standards for midwifery education proposed by ICM in 2019 by a four-point Likert scale (adequate- relatively adequate- relatively inadequate- inadequate). Two individuals evaluated the curriculum independently for the presence of theoretical and clinical courses for attaining each relevant competency. In case of disagreement, the opinion of a third person was used. After identifying the academic deficiencies and weaknesses of the curriculum, the Delphi technique was used with the cooperation of the midwifery board members and directors of midwifery groups from across the country to collect feedback about new courses or lessons that need to be incorporated into the curriculum., Results: After a comparative analysis, 24 out of 315 essential competencies for ICM in the midwifery curriculum were found to be inadequate or relatively inadequate based on the three experts' opinions after reviewing the programmatic courses and lessons in the curriculum. In 79.5% of the knowledge area and 71.6% of the skill area, the curriculum for midwifery in Iran corresponded to ICM essential competencies. After surveying expert members during multiple Delphi rounds, the members agreed to add some lessons to the midwifery curriculum, design a new course, and hold related workshops to cover the competencies identified as inadequate or relatively inadequate in the comparative analysis., Conclusion: The Iranian midwifery curriculum for acquiring 24 items of ICM essential competencies was deemed inadequate or relatively inadequate. Therefore, it seems in addition to revising Iran's midwifery curriculum following ICM competencies, providing midwifery policymakers with infrastructure and additional support to develop and implement effective midwifery training programs is necessary to ensure that midwives are trained and equipped with the necessary competencies for practice., (© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.)

Aim: To explore adolescent pregnant women's perception of health practices., Design: A qualitative study., Method: Fifteen pregnant women in Tehran (capital of Iran) were selected based on purposive sampling to participate in semi-structured, in-depth interviews. The content of interviews was recorded and transcribed and then analysed using conventional content analysis., Results: The first theme extracted was health practice with main categories of balanced rest/activity pattern, observance of an appropriate diet, sensitivity to personal health, observance of an appropriate pattern of social interactions, religious and spiritual orientations, recreational and leisure time activities, and stress management; second theme was perceived benefits with main categories of a sense of physical health improvement, a sense of mental health improvement, positive attitudes towards the effect of nutrition on pregnancy and childbirth health; and third theme was effective factors with main categories of facilitators of health practices and inhibitors of health practices., Conclusions: Most pregnant adolescents' perception of health practices is at a satisfactory level; however, some inhibitors of health practice were explored in this study. These should be improved by adopting appropriate approaches in health policies. No Patient or Public Contribution., (© 2023 The Authors. Nursing Open published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Antenatal education provides parents with strategies for pregnancy, childbirth, and parenthood. There is not enough evidence of the positive effect of prenatal education on childbirth and maternal outcomes. The present scoping review using a systematic approach, evaluates the effectiveness of prenatal education on fear of childbirth, pain intensity during labour, childbirth experience, and postpartum psychological health., Methods: We used Google Scholar and systematically reviewed databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, and SID (Scientific Information Database). Randomized controlled and quasi-experimental trials examining the effect of structured antenatal education and routine prenatal care compared to routine prenatal care were reviewed. The participants included pregnant women preferring a normal vaginal delivery and had no history of maternal or foetal problems. The outcomes considered in this study included fear of childbirth, pain intensity during labour, childbirth experience (as primary outcomes) and postpartum psychological health (as secondary outcomes). The grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to evaluate the quality of evidence., Results: Overall, 3242 studies were examined, of which 18 were qualified for the final analysis. The meta-analysis showed that providing prenatal education and routine care compared to only routine care may decrease the fear of childbirth, postpartum depression, and pain intensity during labour. However, we found no study examining the outcome of the childbirth experience. In addition, the inconsistency of included studies prevented conducting a meta-analysis on the rest of the outcomes., Conclusions: Our investigations showed that there are very few or no studies on the effect of prenatal education on outcomes such as childbirth experience, postpartum anxiety, and maternal attachment, and the existing studies on the effect of prenatal education on outcomes such as the fear of childbirth, postpartum depression, and pain intensity during labour lack sufficient quality to make definitive conclusions. Therefore, high-quality, randomized trials with a more extensive sample size are suggested to provide clear reports to make definitive decisions., Prospero Id: CRD42022376895., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Background: Mindfulness-based interventions are a relatively new and potentially useful psychological approach in prenatal care. This study aimed to determine the effect of mindfulness-based programs on pregnant women's fear of childbirth FOC and self-efficacy., Methods: The systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, SID, and Magiran databases began on 11 November 2021 and ended on 17 December 2021 to obtain studies published in English and Persian without date constraints. Another search was conducted in March 2023. The Cochrane handbook tool was used to evaluate selected studies and their risk of bias., Results: From a total of 316 records obtained, after removing duplicate items, 16 full texts were evaluated for eligibility; and finally, 10 studies were included in the study and meta-analysis. Based on the results of meta-analyses, mindfulness-based exercises may improve childbirth self-efficacy (SMD = 1.34, 95 % CI: 0.39 to 2.30; P < 0.00001; 5 studies, 304 women; low-certainty evidence) and probably reduce the level of FOC (SMD = -0.71, 95 % CI: -1.14 to -0.27; P = 0.001; 5 studies, 424 women; moderate-certainty evidence) in the intervention group compared to the control group., Limitations: Different duration of interventions across studies, different gestational ages at the time of enrollment, and large heterogeneity in the meta-analysis of results were the limitations of this study., Conclusion: Mindfulness-based interventions probably reduce FOC and may promote self-efficacy. More randomized controlled trials with stronger designs and adequate power samples are required to verify the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions, especially on self-efficacy in pregnant women., Prospero Id: CRD42021294056., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Mindfulness is an effective method for empowering women to cope with menopausal changes. This study aimed to determine the effect of mindfulness training on stress and sleep quality in postmenopausal women., Materials and Methods: English (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINHAL) and Persian (SID, Magiran) databases were searched until 25 June 2022, using the free and MeSH keywords included Mindfulness and Menopause. The quality of the published papers was evaluated using Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.2.0. The meta-analysis was conducted in RevMan 5.3 and the results were reported with mean difference (95% confidence interval). The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach., Results: A total of 1206 records were obtained. After removing duplicate and non-eligible records, finally five articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The results indicated that sleep quality score (SMD = -1.44; 95% CI = -2.44 to -0.46; p = 0.004) and perceived stress score (MD = -4.21; 95% CI = -6.41 to -2.00; p = 0.0002) were significantly reduced in the mindfulness training group compared to control group., Conclusion: Mindfulness training is associated with improving sleep quality and perceived stress (with a low quality of evidence) in postmenopausal women. Mental health and quality of life in postmenopausal women impressively affect the community health. Given the low quality of evidence of the studies in this field, randomized controlled trials with better methodologies are suggested.

Background: Poor sleep quality is a common problem in the general population that affects the quality of life of individuals. Aim: This systematic review aimed to determine the effect of vitamin D on sleep quality (primary outcome) and side effects (secondary outcome). Methods: A systematic search was performed using Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID, and Magiran databases with no limit at the time of publication. Cochrane collaboration instrument was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. RevMan software was used for meta-analysis. Mean Difference was calculated due to the same sleep quality measurement tools in all studies. Heterogeneity of studies was assessed using I-squared ( I 2 ). Due to high heterogeneity ( I 2  > 75%), Random Effect was used instead of Fixed Effect. Results: Out of a total of 1637 titles and abstracts found, after removing duplicate items (23 items), 1596 items were removed due to irrelevance and lack of inclusion criteria. 18 articles were fully studied due to insufficient abstract information and finally, 5 articles were entered into systematic review and meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the use of vitamin D supplementation significantly improves sleep quality (MD: -1.32; 95%CI: -2.55 to -0.09; P  = 0.04). Conclusions: Also, according to the findings of this study, receiving vitamin D supplementation did not cause any side effects. According to the results of this review study, sleep quality in people receiving vitamin D significantly improved compared to the control group.

Background: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] and of its most important predisposing factor, i.e. overweight and obesity, have increased dramatically over the past 20 years. Therefore, the aim of this study was to systematically review the articles on the effect of myo-inositol supplementation on the prevention of GDM in pregnant women with overweight and obesity., Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search in electronic database (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, Embase, ProQuest, PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus, Web of science and forward and backward citations) to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until 21 December 2021. Finally, Among the 118 identified records, four studies were eligible and were included in this systematic review. The meta-analysis results were reported in the form of odds ratio (OR) to compare the incidence of GDM and pregnancy outcomes. They were also presented in the form of mean difference (MD) to compare fasting glucose (FG), 1-h and 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) levels between the two groups. This study was registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42021290570., Results: The results showed that the incidence of GDM was significantly lower in the myo-inositol group (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.48; P < 0.001; I 2  = 0%; Moderate certainty evidence). Moreover, FG-OGTT (MD - 2.64 mg/dl, 95% CI - 4.12 to - 1.17; P < 0.001; I 2  = 0%; Moderate certainty evidence), 1-h-OGTT (MD - 7.47 mg/dl, 95% CI - 12.24 to - 2.31; P = 0.005; I 2  = 27%; Low certainty evidence) and 2-h-OGTT levels (MD - 10.51 mg/dl, 95% CI - 16.88 to - 4.14; P = 0.001; I 2  = 59%; Low certainty evidence) in the myo-inositol group were significantly lower than in the control group. Regarding the pregnancy outcomes, the incidence of gestational hypertension and preterm delivery was significantly lower in the myo-inositol group. However, no between-group difference was observed in the other outcomes., Conclusions: Based on the results, myo-inositol has shown to be a new and safe preventive strategy in reducing the incidence of GDM and in regulating FG and 1-h and 2-h OGTT levels, and also in reducing the incidence of GDM complications such as preterm delivery and gestational hypertension in pregnant women with overweight and obesity., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Background: The aim of this study was to compare fear of childbirth, state and trait anxiety, and childbirth self-efficacy among primiparous and multiparous women in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran., Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 pregnant women (100 primiparous and 100 multiparous women) who had been admitted to the maternity ward of hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. The instruments used for data collection in this study included a demographic questionnaire, Delivery Fear Scale (DFS), Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory (CBSEI). The data were analyzed by chi-square test and independent t-test. Also, the univariate general linear model was used by adjusting for the socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics that were considered as possible confounding variables., Results: The mean score of DFS in primiparous women was significantly higher than that of multiparous women. The mean of the overall score of childbirth self-efficacy of primiparous women was significantly lower than that of multiparous women. The mean score of the outcome expectancies and self-efficacy expectancies was significantly lower in primiparous women compared with multiparous women. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean score of STAI. After adjusting for possible confounding variables, the differences between the two groups in terms of fear of childbirth scores, overall childbirth self-efficacy score and self-efficacy expectancies remained significant., Conclusion: Given the high fear of childbirth and low childbirth self-efficacy in primiparous women compared to the multiparous women, appropriate interventions should be adopted by health care providers in order to reduce fear and improve childbirth self-efficacy in primiparous women., (© 2021. The Author(s).)

Background: Osteoporosis is one of the diseases that can be prevented by correcting health behaviors during adolescence., Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of education on preventive behaviors of osteoporosis including physical activity, calcium intake and practice (primary outcomes) and knowledge and attitude related to osteoporosis (secondary outcomes) in adolescents., Method: A search was done in Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID and Magiran regardless of the time limit. To evaluate the quality of selected controlled trials, Cochrane collaboration' instrument was used for assessing the risk of bias. RevMan software was used to analysis and report the data., Results: Of 2159 articles retrieved, 20 of them were reviewed and 18 of them entered the mete-analysis. The meta-analysis showed significant differences between the education and control groups in terms of calcium intake (SMD = 0.78, 95%CI = 0.55 to 1.02, P < 0.00001), practice (SMD = 0.54, 95%CI = 0.41 to 0.68, P < 0.0001), knowledge (SMD = 1.76, 95%CI = 1.10 to 2.42, P < 0.00001) and attitude (SMD = 0.96, 95%CI = 0.53 to 1.40, P < 0.0001) mean score in adolescents but education is not effective on average minute/week of physical activity per week (MD = 31.94, 95%CI = -6.53 to 70.40, P = 0.10), mean score of physical activity (MD = 2.66, 95%CI = -0.55 to 5.88, P = 0.10) and percent of students participated in the physical activity (OR = 1.45, 95%CI = 0.30 to 6.91, P = 0.64)., Conclusion: Education is effective in improving their knowledge and attitudes toward osteoporosis. It can also improve some health-related behaviors for bone health such as sufficient dairy calcium intake but it has not been effective in establishing a regular exercise program.

Background: Primary osteoporosis is a common complication of aging and menopause. The negative effects of osteoporosis in the coming years will increase by increasing life expectancy and population aging. The purpose of this research was to compare health-promoting lifestyle and quality of life in postmenopausal women with and without primary osteoporosis., Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical research was conducted on 445 postmenopausal women aged 50-65 selected by simple random sampling in Tabriz health centers from September 2018 to July 2019. Data collection instruments included demographic, midwifery, anthropometric, health-promoting lifestyle profile II and menopausal quality-of-life questionnaire questionnaires, and serum test checklist (25-hydroxy vitamin D, complete blood count/diff, thyroid-stimulating hormone, fasting blood sugar, Calcium, and Phosphor). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method was used to measure bone density. Data were analyzed using SPSS/23 through descriptive and inferential statistics such as Chi-square, independent t -test, Mann-Whitney, and multiple regression., Results: The mean score of lifestyle was 141.2 ± 21.9 in normal and 127.2 ± 25.4 in osteoporosis group, and differences were statistically significant in total score ( P < 0.001) and all subdomains. The mean score of quality of life was 3.9 ± 1.2 in the normal and 4.5 ± 1.4 in the osteoporotic group. The differences were significant in total score ( P < 0.001) and all subdomains except for sexual function subdomain ( P = 0.064). Logistic regression adjusted for confounders indicated by one unit increase in total lifestyle score, the odds of primary osteoporosis reduced by 2.2% (adjusted odds ratio [0.95% confidence interval]: 0.978 [0.963-0.994], P = 0.006)., Conclusion: To prevent of primary osteoporosis and improve the quality of life of postmenopausal women, it seems that education and implementation of health-promoting lifestyle are essential. The research findings can be used to plan for health care in middle and old ages., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2021 Journal of Education and Health Promotion.)

Background: Medical students face a variety of challenges during their years of medical education that can affect their quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to investigate the association of QOL with physical activity (PA), depression, and demographic characteristics, as well as to determine its predictors among medical students in different stages of education., Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 186 medical students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in different educational stages including basic sciences, physiopathology, externship, and internship using stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using demographic questionnaire, International PA Questionnaire, World Health Organization QOL Questionnaire, and Beck depression inventory-2. Data analysis was performed using SPSS/Ver 23 through descriptive and analytic statistics including one-way analysis of variance, independent t -test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient, and multivariate linear regression model., Results: There were significant differences in total score of QOL among students in different stages ( P < 0.05). There were indirect significant correlations between total score of QOL (β [confidence interval 95%]:-0.85 [-1.11--0.59]) and its all subdomains with Beck depression score but direct significant correlations with total PA ( P < 0.05) except for social relationship. Educational stage, employment status, family income, inhabitant, moderate PA, and depression were the predictors of QOL and altogether explained 63% of its variance., Conclusions: To pay attention to the predictors of QOL, life among medical students seems necessary for increasing their QOL to provide high-quality care for people with disabilities as well as for the whole community., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Journal of Education and Health Promotion.)