Search

Beef production remains one of the most difficult and time-consuming sectors in cattle breeding. The purpose of this work was to establish the productivity and acclimatization abilities of the Aberdeen-Angus breed of American selection to the natural and climatic conditions of Karachay-Cherkessia Republic. The experimental research was performed in Hummer Company LLC of Ust-Dzhegutinsky District of Karachaevo-Cherkessia Republic, Russian Federation. The object of the study was livestock of Aberdeen-Angus breed imported from the USA (Dodge City, Kansas). The research was conducted by setting up the scientific and technical experiments, summarizing and analyzing the data of the zootechnical registration. To study the specific features of acclimatization and adaptation of animals, five experimental groups with 20 heads each were organized. The groups were formed of daughters of bulls Gar New Design 5050 (I group); Three Trees Prime Cut 0145 (II group); Boyd Poundmaker 21 (III group); Woodhill Foresight (IV group); Vermilion Nebraska M404 (V group). It was found that the Aberdeen-Angus cattle of the American selection showed rather high adaptation potential, which resulted in quick acclimatization to the changed environmental conditions and adaptation to the conditions of housing and feeding. The animals had a high thermal stability index ranging from 58.1 to 74.3, with the highest thermal stability indices of 70.8 and 74.3, respectively, of Gar New Design 5050 and Vermilion Nebraska M404 bull calves. The best adaptation coefficient indices were also obtained for calves of Gar New Design 5050 and Vermilion Nebraska M404 bulls. The descendants of all five breeds have high stress resistance values and are characterized by optimal reactions to pain irritation. In terms of natural resistance the daughter of bulls Gar New Design 5050 and Vermilion Nebraska M404 were superior to their peers. The structure of the hair cover of cows in groups I and V was the most adapted to environmental changes. During the period of sucking the bulls born from cows of I and V groups had significantly higher average daily gain in live weight, which allowed at the age of 6 months to have a live weight of bulls of 201.0 and 203.5 kg respectively.

Background: Two biotypes of Aberdeen Angus cattle breed, known as Old Type and New Type, that differ in their origin and beef production are formally recognized. In Colombia, this breed has been commercialized for approximately 80 years. Studies on the origin, kinship and levels of genetic diversity of this breed in Colombian herds are scarce, yet important for planning crossing and management strategies. Objective: To measure the genetic diversity and structure of two Colombian herds of Old Type and New Type biotypes of Aberdeen Angus from Huila and Cundinamarca provinces and assess mitochondrial introgression with other breeds. Methods: A set of ten microsatellites and sequences of the Mitochondrial Control Region were characterized. Estimators of genetic diversity and population differentiation along with tests of population assignment were applied. Results: Nuclear loci were highly polymorphic as shown by the Polymorphic Information Content (0.599) and the Probability of Identity (1.896 10-08). Both populations were highly diverse and clearly differentiated into two groups corresponding to the Old Type and New Type phenotypes. In contrast, mitochondrial data failed to distinguish these two groups and showed extensive admixture. Conclusions: This study optimized a set of ten highly polymorphic nuclear markers that may be used for parentage and population genetic studies of Aberdeen Angus. Genetic differentiation in these loci agreed with phenotypic differences of the Old and New Types. However, mitochondrial data indicated ancestry of multiple European breeds in the origin of Colombian Aberdeen Angus. Resumen Antecedentes: Dentro de la raza Aberdeen Angus existen dos biotipos conocidos como Old Type y New Type, las cuales difieren en su origen y producción de carne. En Colombia, esta raza se ha venido comercializando desde hace aproximadamente 80 años. No obstante, aún no se han realizado estudios sobre su origen, parentesco y niveles de diversidad genética de esta raza en hatos colombianos, lo cual es importante para planear estrategias de cruce y manejo. Objetivo: Medir la diversidad y estructura genética de dos hatos colombianos de Aberdeen Angus Old Type y New Type de Huila y Cundinamarca y evaluar la introgresión mitocondrial con otras razas. Métodos: Se caracterizó un grupo de diez loci microsatélite y se secuenció la Región Control Mitocondrial. Se aplicaron estimadores de diversidad genética y diferenciación poblacional, junto con pruebas de asignación poblacional. Resultados: Los loci microsatélite fueron altamente polimórficos, tal como lo indicaron el Contenido de Información Polimórfica (0,599) y la Probabilidad de Identidad (1,896 10-08). Las poblaciones evaluadas de Aberdeen Angus en Colombia fueron altamente diversas y se diferenciaron claramente en dos grupos correspondientes a los fenotipos Old Type y New Type. En contraste, los datos mitocondriales no recobraron estos dos grupos y mostraron una amplia mezcla genética. Conclusiones: Este estudio optimizó un grupo de diez marcadores altamente polimórficos que pueden ser usados para estudios de parentesco y genética poblacional de Aberdeen Angus. La diferenciación genética en loci nucleares concordó con las diferencias fenotípicas entre Old y New Types, pero los datos mitocondriales indicaron ancestría de múltiples razas europeas en el origen del Aberdeen Angus colombiano. Resumo Antecedentes: Dentro da raça Aberdeen Angus há dois biótipos conhecidos como Old Type e New Type, que diferem em sua origem e produção de carne. Na Colômbia, esta raça é comercializada há aproximadamente 80 anos. Entretanto, estudos sobre a origem, o parentesco e os níveis de diversidade genética desta raça em rebanhos colombianos ainda não foram realizados, o que é importante para o planejamento de cruzamentos e estratégias de manejo. Objetivo: Medir a diversidade genética e a estrutura de dois rebanhos colombianos de biótipos de Old Type e New Type de Aberdeen Angus de Huila e Cundinamarca e avaliar a introgressão mitocondrial com outras raças. Métodos: Um grupo de dez loci de microssatélites foi caracterizado e a Região de Controle Mitocondrial foi sequenciada. As estimativas de diversidade genética e diferenciação populacional foram aplicadas, juntamente com testes de designação populacional. Resultados: Os locus microssatélites foram altamente polimórficos, conforme indicado pelo Conteúdo de Infomação Polimórfica (0,599) e Probabilidade de Identidade (1,896 10-08). As populações avaliadas de Aberden Angus na Colômbia eram altamente diversificadas e claramente diferenciadas em dois grupos correspondentes aos fenótipos do Old Type e New Type. Em contraste, os dados mitocondriais não recuperaram esses dois grupos e mostraram um amplo mix genético. Conclusões: Este estudo otimizou um grupo de dez marcadores altamente polimórficos que podem ser usados para estudos genéticos de parentesco e população de Aberdeen Angus. A diferenciação genética nos loci nucleares concordou com as diferenças fenotípicas entre os Old e New Types, mas os dados mitocondriais indicam ancestralidade de várias raças européias na origem do Aberdeen Angus colombiano.

Background and Aim: Anaplasmosis and babesiosis are tick-borne diseases that threaten livestock production with subsequent considerable economic losses. This study was conducted to diagnose Anaplasma and Babesia infection using molecular techniques in imported Aberdeen Angus cattle imported from Uruguay to El-Kharga Oasis in New Valley, Egypt, and to investigate the effects of disease on some serum biochemical and oxidative stress parameters. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 31 cattle, 21 diseased and ten apparently normal, of varying ages and sex. The blood was used for the preparation of blood smears, polymerase chain reaction assay, and separation of serum for biochemical investigation. The experimental production farm at the Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley University, was infested with ticks and variable clinical manifestations during the period from December 2017 to March 2018. One calf died of a suspected blood parasite infection. Results: The blood film examination revealed infection by blood parasites in 21 samples. Anaplasma marginale and Babesia bovis were identified in 12 and 14 samples, respectively. A total of 14 samples were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to make these identifications. Biochemical parameters showed significantly elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin (T. Bil), and urea in blood from parasite-infected female cattle and male calves compared with controls. Increased serum total protein, globulin, and creatinine were recorded only in infected female cattle. The blood glucose level was significantly decreased in infected female cattle and male calves compared with controls. Furthermore, albumin and albumin/globulin ratio was significantly reduced in the infected female cattle. Oxidative stress profiles of infected animals showed a significant increase in serum nitric oxide and malondialdehyde, and both total antioxidant capacity and reduced glutathione (GSH) were significantly reduced in comparison with control animals. Conclusion: The incidence of A. marginale and B. bovis infection is high in imported Aberdeen Angus cattle in New Valley Province. PCR methods provide a short-term assessment of disease. An extensive epidemiological survey, employing serology together with molecular genetic methods, monitoring of abundance and distribution of tick vectors, availability of vaccination programs, and tracking of animal transport is also needed for control of blood parasites.

Little is known about the effect of shelter design on sheltering behavior in out-wintered cattle. In this pilot study, we explored the effects of two different shelter designs (rectangular: 50 m2 vs. hexagonal 53 m2 with three separate compartments) on shelter use by cattle. Two shelters of each type were included in the study, and shelter use by 67 Aberdeen Angus cattle in four groups was recorded in a crossover study, ensuring that all groups were tested with both shelter types. Shelter use (i.e., number of cattle standing or lying inside each shelter) was recorded by use of infrared trail cameras. Rectangular shelters were used significantly more than hexagonal shelters (P < 0.001). The proportion of animals in the shelters that were lying down did not differ between the shelter types. Cold, windy, and wet conditions increased sheltering behavior. In this study, cattle preferred rectangular shelters over hexagonal shelters possibly because they prefer to shelter together as a group. Further studies on optimal shelter design are required.

Numerous studies have established the relationship of SNPs in the leptin gene with fat and energy exchange, nutritional behavior in cattle. In turn, the intensity of metabolic processes in body is determined by the development of internal organs. The purpose of research was to study the relationship between the complex of polymorphisms C73T and C528T in leptin gene for the formation of internal organs in Aberdeen-Angus cows and heifers. Cows (n = 30) and heifers (n = 49) were genotyped and identified respectively 7 and 8 various combinations of genotypes of C73T (GenBank AF120500) and C528T (GenBank AB070368). There were no homozygous CC/CC and TT/TT combinations in cows, and no TT/TT combination in heifers. Cows were slaughtered at the age of 3 years, and heifers - at 20 months. Cows with haplotype CT/CC had the highest liver, heart, lung, kidney and spleen weight with superiority relative to peers of 6.5–16.0% (P > 0.05). The minimum development of stomachs was established at cows with a combination of genotypes of CC/TT which conceded to analogs for 7.6–13.8% (P > 0.05). Haplotypes CT/CT and TT/CT in heifers were associated with greater internal organ massiveness. Carriers of complex CT/CT genotype outperformed peers in terms of liver, heart, lung, kidney and spleen weight by 1.75–6.59% (P < 0.05, P > 0.05), and individuals with a combination of TT/CT by 3.50–8.84% (P < 0.05, P > 0.05). Less developed stomachs were established in bodies with haplotype TT/CC, which were inferior to other genotypes by 1.20–7.49% (P < 0.05, P > 0.05). This indirectly indicates a relatively weak ability to use coarse plant foods. Thus, the complex genotype inleptin gene is associated with the variability in the development of internal organs, which determines the intensity of metabolic processes. This research was performed with financial support from the project of RAS0526-2021-0001.

External antiparasitic agents applied in bovine production represent a risk to consumers of meat products, especially if the conditions of their use are not strictly respected. The post-mortem control of residues in meat is an activity that must be updated and reinforced by the biomonitoring of live animals and the use of analytical tools to help identifying signs of early warning risks. The objective of the present study was to carry out a pre-slaughter biomonitoring approach in Aberdeen Angus cattle and crosses (n = 12) with the application of a commercial formulation of cypermethrin plus chlorpyrifos. This was performed with a single therapeutic dose applied on the backs of the cattle, through hematological, enzymatic, as well as hepatic and renal function analysis in plasma, and then quantifying the genotoxic effect on lymphocytes. Analytical measurements of plasma concentrations of cypermethrin plus chlorpyrifos at 24 h were negative and therefore a low absorption of the compounds was assumed. Measurement of acetyl cholinesterase showed no inhibition after exposure. The concentration of urea increased between 24 h and 168 h post application of the formulation, without showing any kidney damage. The rest of the parameters analyzed did not show any variations. This evaluation of hematological and biochemical effects and of cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay in bovines is proposed as a pre-slaughter control of biomonitoring of the health status of animals, with a focus on food safety for meat consumers.

The objective of this study was to compare the productive, behavioral and physiological performance of feedlot Guzerat and ½ Guzerat × ½ Aberdeen Angus cattle. The experiment was conducted in a commercial feedlot for 80 days, between April and June 2016. Fifteen male Guzerat and 15 male ½ Guzerat-Aberdeen Angus cattle, both at the same age, with respective average initial weights of 381.27 and 401.34 ± 54.70 kg, were used. The animals were kept in collective pens, one for each breed group, with 14 m2 available per animal. Environmental conditions, respiratory frequency and behavior were evaluated for 12h00, starting at 06h00 and ending at 18h00. Feeding, rumination, rest, other activities and social, body care, anomalous, playful and locomotion behavior were observed. To examine the productive responses, initial weight, final weight, average daily weight gain, total weight gain, carcass yield, conformation and fatness were measured. Behaviors referring to feeding, rumination and other activities did not differ between the breed groups, except for the rest, playful and locomotion behaviors. A significant difference was detected (p < 0.05) for respiratory frequency and productive characteristics between the breed groups. In conclusion, ½ Guzerat × ½ Aberdeen Angus were superior to Guzerat cattle in productive performance. However, for behavioral and physiological variables, Guzerat animals exhibited better performance.

Poster was part of 'What We Know' display, held on March 1, 2017 at the Quebec Street Mall in Downtown Guelph. At 'What We Know,' the Community Engaged Scholarship Institute brought together 50 posters featuring diverse research on Guelph and Wellington from community organizations, municipal staff, faculty and students. Topics included feral cats, farmland loss, food waste, the wellbeing of children and more - all specific to Guelph and Wellington. This research investigates the role a Guelph purebred breeder played in the wartime cattle economy. James Bowman was a purebred cattle herder living on the western outskirts of Guelph, and he wrote over twelve volumes during his lifetime between 1866 and 1944. Research for this project utilizes the portion of Bowman's diaries written during the First World War. The findings demonstrate that the war accelerated cattle breeders place in Canada's complex rural hierarchy. Guelph's farmers were expert hobbyists, making a living from the professionalization of exhibition prizes. On July 1st 1914, Bowman and his hired men loaded his animal stock onto his wagon and hauled them off to the Grand Trunk Railyard ready to be shipped to the Prairies for his annual trip across the national exhibition circuit. Arriving first at Toronto, they then joined the Canadian Pacific, heading to Winnipeg, Regina, and Saskatoon. Bowman's Aberdeen Angus cattle were among the most prized in local and national exhibitions and was the first creator of records for the breed for the Aberdeen Angus Association. While rising meat costs ultimately provided a source of income to Guelph cattle raisers, the Great War also brought about intensive labour and uncertainty. James Bowman's diaries reveal how Guelph farmers sought to improve their financial and social standing, but also how they bound together to create a delicate balance between business, family and community to endure wartime conditions.

In the paper have been described the inherited diseases AH1 and FMO3 charactering for Ayrshire cattle breed and AM, OS and DD, charactering for Aberdeen Angus one, particularly, the clinical signs and causing gene mutations. The aim of the study was a genotyping of Ayrshire and Aberdeen Angus breeds cattle of Russian populations by earlier developed DNA tests and the evaluation of the spread of animal carriers. The analysis of two populations of Ayrshire cows (n=268) and three populations of Aberdeen Angus (n=772) sire bulls has shown the presence of animals carriers of the genetic defect of AH1 and FMO3 among the Russian Ayrshire populations in 6.33-15.79% and 7.69-46.15% frequencies, respectively. In addition, in Subpopulation 5b three FMO-affected animals were found (3.03%). The animals carriers of AM and DD genetic defects have been found in Russian Aberdeen Angus populations in the frequencies of 0.63-2.73 and 1.13-9.49% dependently from the populations, respectively. In addition, we have observed the increasing of the frequencies of AMC- and DDC-animals in the subpopulations of descendants of populations 1 and 2. The increasing of AMC-animals in Subpopulation 2b comparing with 2a was statistically significant.

The article highlighted the problem of genetic defect of Aberdeen Angus cattle. Previous investigation showed the presence in Russian population of Aberdeen Angus cattle of animals carrying in their genotypes the mutant alleles associated with Arthrogriposis multiplex, Developmental Duplication and Osteopetrosis. In some populations, the frequencies of the animals-genetic defects carriers were sufficiently high. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk of spread of the mutant alleles causing the genetic disorders by their transfer from parents to offspring under absence of control over the genetic defects in the farm, breeding Aberdeen Angus cattle. The analysis has shown increasing of the frequency of animals-Arthrogriposis multiplex carriers about on 10.3% in the population of heifers comparing with population of their mothers and the raising of the mutant allele frequency in six times in F2 generation.

Summary A bioeconomic model was developed to calculate economic values for biological traits in full-cycle production systems and propose selection indices based on selection criteria used in the Brazilian Aberdeen Angus genetic breeding programme (PROMEBO). To assess the impact of changes in the performance of the traits on the profit of the production system, the initial values of the traits were increased by 1%. The economic values for number of calves weaned (NCW) and slaughter weight (SW) were, respectively, R$ 6.65 and R$ 1.43/cow/year. The selection index at weaning showed a 44.77% emphasis on body weight, 14.24% for conformation, 30.36% for early maturing and 10.63% for muscle development. The eighteen-month index showed emphasis of 77.61% for body weight, 4.99% for conformation, 11.09% for early maturing, 6.10% for muscle development and 0.22% for scrotal circumference. NCW showed highest economic impact, and SW had important positive effect on the economics of the production system. The selection index proposed can be used by breeders and should contribute to greater profitability.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of freezing prior to wet aging on the color of Nellore and Aberdeen Angus cattle meat. Samples of the Longissimus thoracis muscle were subjected to two treatments: conventional aging (0, 7, 14 and 21 days); and freezing (− 20 °C for 40 days) followed by thawing and aging. Freezing promoted (P

We predict the stability of breeding values (BVs) for direct effect (DE) and maternal effect (ME) for live weights at 210 days of age in the entire population of purebred Aberdeen Angus cattle in the Czech Republic according to an increase of progeny number in performance recording over a period of 11 years (1997 to 2007) and the course of BVs for DE and ME during the years of observation in animals born until 1997. Furthermore we compare genetic trends of BVs for DE and ME among animals born in different years and detect the level and significance of correlation coefficients among predictions of BVs for DE and ME performed during the years of observation. The animal model and the BLUPF90 programme were used for these predictions. The used model included the effects of animal, sex, contemporary group, dam, age of dam, and permanent environment of dam. The variance of BVs ranged from 4.96 to 10.87 depending on the year of evaluation and whether it was related to maternal or direct genetic effect. The animals were initially assigned to groups according to their BV in 1997, and this ranking was not affected by the BVs predicted in subsequent years. The existence of a negative correlation between direct and maternal effects was confirmed. The significant correlations ( P < 0.0001) demonstrated a strong relationship between the BVs predicted in successive years, e.g. the correlation coefficient for the relationship between BVs for direct effect predicted in the last years of the examined period was above 0.9 and that for maternal effect was above 0.8.

This paper addresses the issues of tracing and compliance encountered in setting up and maintaining a UK-wide 5-year observational study of beef cattle. The 5-year prospective study was initiated in 1997 to investigate the occurrence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in a single herd of pedigree Aberdeen Angus cattle, in which BSE had been detected at low prevalence. The study was given the acronym ULiSES (University of Liverpool Spongiform Encephalopathy Scheme). All cattle present on the farm at the start of the scheme were registered as members of the study population (n=320), as were all calves subsequently born on the farm (n=350). Animals that were sold (n=291) were traced and monitored at destination farms. Farmers were requested to give advance notification of slaughter of any ULiSES animal and an attempt was made to collect post-mortem samples of nervous tissue, peripheral lymphoid tissue and striated muscle from all animals in the scheme at the time of slaughter, death or euthanasia. Sections of medulla were examined (by standard histopathological techniques) for the presence of spongiform change. Remaining samples were stored at −70°C for future investigation by alternative tests. At the halfway point of the scheme in October 1999, 75.2% (506/673) of the study population was still alive; 42% (284) of the population was still alive on the study farm and 33% (222) was distributed on other farms throughout the UK. Complete sets of specimens had been recovered from 77% (129/167) of dead animals. All brainstem sections were negative by histopathological examination. No suspect cases of BSE were reported in ULiSES animals. Failure to recover specimens occurred principally in animals which had left the study farm. The main cause of specimen loss was a failure of compliance in a small number of individuals who had purchased large numbers of ULiSES animals, and subsequently slaughtered them without contacting the University. Despite this, farmer compliance was generally high. The ULiSES scheme shows the feasibility of a country-wide longitudinal observational study spanning a period of several years and indicates the large impact of small numbers of non-compliant individuals.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the conjugated linoleic acid content (CLA), the fatty acid profile, and the chemical composition of the Longissimus muscle (LM) of steers and bulls finished in pasture systems. Fourteen 1/2 Nelore×1/2 Aberdeen Angus cattle were studied. The animals were slaughtered at approximately 20 months of age, with an approximate final liveweight of 480kg. Moisture, ash, fat, crude protein, cholesterol, and fatty acid contents of Longissimus muscle were determined. Steer muscle had a higher lipid content (3.38%) than that of bulls (1.71%). Total n-3 fatty acids were higher in bulls. The amounts of CLA in steer and bull fat were similar, but the CLA content in steer muscle was higher (47.99mg100g(-1) in LM) than that in bull muscle (23.24mg100g(-1) in LM).

Mannosidosis, an inherited and lethal lysosomal storage disease of Aberdeen Angus cattle, was diagnosed on a farm in north-east Scotland. Two affected calves were examined in detail. Both were poorly grown and ataxic, though the intention tremor and aggression considered characteristic of the disease were not recorded. Histological examination revealed typical vacuolation of nerve cells, fixed macrophages and epithelial cells of the viscera. Deficiency of the enzyme alpha mannosidase was demonstrated. The epidemiology of the disorder in Scotland is considered and control methods indicated.

SUMMARY Data were examined from a cross-sectional survey of cattle between 15 and 27 months of age to determine the presence or absence of emergence of the central incisor teeth. Bulls, steers and heifers of the Friesian, Aberdeen Angus and Hereford breeds were studied. A mathematical model was produced. Permanent central incisor emergence was about seven and a half weeks later in Hereford than either Friesian or Aberdeen Angus cattle. Heifers appeared to be about a month later in eruption of their permanent teeth than male cattle. It would also seem that 90% of teeth erupted within a five month period.

A bilateral hip lameness has been found in young beef bulls of the Hereford, Aberdeen Angus, Galloway and Charolais breeds in the United Kingdom, North America and Australia. The incidence is usually small and sporadic, but up to half of the male animals on one farm may be affected clinically by the time they are one year old. Clinical lameness begins at three months to two years old, and very occasionally up to three years of age; some calves are obviously affected at birth. Aberdeen Angus cattle tend to be affected earlier than other breeds. Clinical evidence of the condition is almost entirely confined to the male.

This issue's agricultural articles pertain to the conformation of the Belgian horse, pasteurization of milk, improving Ontario potatoes, and the poultry exhibit at the Ontario Provincial Winter Fair. Wartime articles report on the wartime food situation, the value of Aberdeen Angus cattle during wartime, and a short story regarding war. Another article outlines the practical education provided at the Macdonald Consolidated School in Guelph. The Query column answers agricultural queries send in by subscribers. Campus news features the Peace Parade of November 11, 1918. The College Life column updates the activities of the Y. M. C. A., campus organizations, athletics teams, the fourth year banquet, and the O. A. C. stock sale. The Macdonald Institute column includes articles on The Prom, the Y. W. C. A., the influenza epidemic at Mac Hall, and new student initiation. The Alumni column provides several military letters, news of those killed in action, wedding announcements, and alumni updates. The Belgian horse Reviewing the food situation The Crucible of War Making milk safe Potato improvement in Ontario The practical features of the course of study at the Macdonald Consolidated School, Guelph The Aberdeen Angus in wartime America Poultry exhibit at Winter Fair Query The Veterans Editorial Alumni College life Athletics Macdonald Locals advertising