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5. Pathways to wheat self-sufficiency in Africa

Author

Silva, João Vasco, Jaleta, Moti, Tesfaye, Kindie, Abeyo, Bekele, Devkota, Mina, Frija, Aymen, Habarurema, Innocent, Tembo, Batiseba, Bahri, Haithem, Mosad, Alaa, Blasch, Gerald, Sonder, Kai, Snapp, Sieglinde, and Baudron, Frédéric

Published
2023
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7. Registration of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Variety Kulumsa for the Midlands of Ethiopia

Author

Alemu, Gadisa, primary, Geleta, Negash, additional, Dabi, Alemu, additional, Sime, Berhanu, additional, Duga, Ruth, additional, Delesa, Abebe, additional, Zewdu, Demeke, additional, Kasahun, Cherinet, additional, Solomon, Tafesse, additional, Zegaye, Habtemariam, additional, Getamesay, Abebe, additional, Asnake, Dawit, additional, Asefa, Bayisa, additional, Abeyo, Bekele, additional, Badebo, Ayele, additional, and Bayisa, Tilahun, additional

Published
2023
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8. Registration of New Bread Wheat Variety (Biftu) for Low to Mid-Altitude Wheat-Producing Areas of Ethiopia

Author

Sime, Berhanu, primary, Solomon, Tafesse, additional, Alemu, Gadisa, additional, Dabi, Alemu, additional, Geleta, Negash, additional, Duga, Ruth, additional, Delasa, Abebe, additional, Zegaye, Habtemariam, additional, Asnake, Dawit, additional, Asefa, Bayisa, additional, Kasahun, Cherinet, additional, Getamesay, Abebe, additional, Zewudu, Dameke, additional, Tadesse, Zerihun, additional, Abeyo, Bekele, additional, and Badebo, Ayele, additional

Published
2023
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12. Traits Association in Durum Wheat Genotypes under Optimum and Low Nitrogen Conditions

Author

Aga, Tesfaye Geleta, Abera, Fetien Abay, Abebe, Kebebew Assefa, Tufa, Tesfaye Balemi, Abeyo, Bekele Geleta, and Ayana, Negash Geleta

Subjects
correlation analysis, durum wheat, optimum nitrogen, path analysis
Abstract

Realizing the nature and degree of association between yield and yield related traits under various environment and conditions is a pre-requisite in any crop improvement. A total of 200 durum wheat genotypes obtained from different sources were tested at Debre-Zeit, Chefe-Donsa and Minjar under optimum and low nitrogen in 2020 season. The objectives were to assess the relationship between grain yield and other important traits, and to determine relationships among the various traits and their direct and indirect effects on durum wheat grain yield under optimum and low nitrogen (N) conditions. The Phenotypic and genotypic association of grain yield with grain filling period, number of seed per spike, biomass yield, harvest index, normalized difference vegetative index, hectoliter weight, and chlorophyll contents were significant and positive under both optimum and low N conditions. Biomass yield, number of seed per spike, normalized difference vegetative index, harvest index, and hectoliter weight were direct contributors to grain yield under both N conditions. Thus, these traits can be used as the primary selection criteria for grain yield in durum wheat under optimum and low Nitrogen.

Published
2023

13. Distribution of wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminisf. sp. tritici) and its association with biophysical factors and cultivation practices in Horro Guduru Wollega highlands, Western Ethiopia

Author

Abdissa, Tola, Fininsa, Chemeda, Abeyo, Bekele, and Woldeab, Getaneh

Abstract

Wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminisf. sp. tritici) is the major threat to wheat production in Ethiopia due to the menace of high losses in grain yield and quality. A wheat stem rust survey was undertaken during the main cropping seasons (late October to early November) of 2015 and 2016 in the Horro Guduru Wollega highlands, western Ethiopia. The purposes of the survey were to assess the wheat stem rust distribution and disease intensity and determine its association with biophysical factors and cultivation practices. A total of 221 wheat fields in eight districts were assessed. Wheat stem rust was prevalent in both cropping seasons. The mean disease incidence ranged from 56.3 to 63.7%, while the disease severity mean ranged from 15.7 to 21.6%, respectively. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association of wheat stem rust with independent variables. Increased incidence (>50%) and severity (>5%) were strongly (P< 0.0001) associated with lower altitude (≤2400 m), susceptible varieties, broadcast sowing method, fungicide-unsprayed wheat fields, and wheat growth at flowering and milking stages. The survey indicates a highly prevalent wheat stem rust epidemic associated with biophysical factors and cultivation practices in the major wheat-growing districts. A combination of cultivation practices such as sowing wheat in rows, optimum fertilization, deployment of rust-resistant varieties, and effective fungicide application would be the most effective methods for managing wheat stem rust in the Horro Guduru Wollega highlands.

Published
2024
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14. MARPLE, a point-of-care, strain-level disease diagnostics and surveillance tool for complex fungal pathogens

Author

Radhakrishnan, Guru V., Cook, Nicola M., Bueno-Sancho, Vanessa, Lewis, Clare M., Persoons, Antoine, Mitiku, Abel Debebe, Heaton, Matthew, Davey, Phoebe E., Abeyo, Bekele, Alemayehu, Yoseph, Badebo, Ayele, Barnett, Marla, Bryant, Ruth, Chatelain, Jeron, Chen, Xianming, Dong, Suomeng, Henriksson, Tina, Holdgate, Sarah, Justesen, Annemarie F., Kalous, Jay, Kang, Zhensheng, Laczny, Szymon, Legoff, Jean-Paul, Lesch, Driecus, Richards, Tracy, Randhawa, Harpinder S., Thach, Tine, Wang, Meinan, Hovmøller, Mogens S., Hodson, David P., and Saunders, Diane G. O.

Published
2019
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20. Virulence Spectrum of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in Northwest Ethiopia

Author

Azmeraw, Yehizbalem, Admassu, Belayneh, Abeyo, Bekele, and Bacha, Netsanet

Abstract

አህፅሮትኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ ስንዴን ከሚያጠቁ በሽታዎች መካከል የግንድ ዋግ አንዱ እና ዋነኛው ነው፡፡ ይህንን በሽታ የሚያመጣው ተዋስያን አካል የአየሩን ምቹ ሁኔታ በመጠቀም እራሱን እየቀያየረ በሽታ የሚቋቋሙ የስንዴ ዝርያዎችን በማጥቃት ከፍተኛ የሆነ የምርት ቅነሳ ያደርጋል፡፡ የዚህ ጥናት ዓላማ የነበረው በሰሜን ምዕራብ ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ ያለውን የስንዴ የግንድ ዋግ ዝርያ መለየት ነው፡፡ ሰማንያ ስድስት ናሙናዎች በ2010 እና በ2011 የምርት ዘመን ተሰብስበው 20 ድፍሬንሻሎችን በመጠቀም አራት (TTTTF, TKTTF, TKPTF, and TTRTF) የስንዴ ግንድ ዋግ ዝርያዎችን ለመለየት ተችሏል፡፡ ከእነዚህ አራት ዝርያዎች ውስጥ በ2010ና በ2011 በተከታታይ በአማካይ በመቶኛ TTTTF 60.4 እና 60 የሚሆነውን የሚሸፍን ሲሆን በሁለተኛነት ደረጃ TKTTF 38.7 እና 37.3 ሸፍኖ ታይቷል፡፡ ሌሎች የግንድ ዋግ ዝርያዎች በሁለቱም የምርት ዘመን በአማካይ በመቶኛ 1 የሚሆነውን የሸፈኑ ሲሆን እነዚህ ሁለት ዝርያዎች የተገኙትም፤ TKPTF በ2010 ከደቡብ ጎንደር ፋርጣ ሲሆን TTRTF በ2011 ከሰሜን ጎንደር አምባ ጊዎርጊስ ላይ ብቻ ነው፡፡ የግንድ ዋግ የሚቋቋሙ ዘረመልን የያዙ ድፍሬንሻሎች እንደ Sr5, Sr21, Sr9e, Sr7b, Sr6, Sr8a, Sr9g, Sr36, Sr17, Sr9a, Sr9d, Sr10, SrTmp, Sr38 እና SrMcN ሁሉም በተለዩ የዋግ ዝርያዎች የተጠቁ ሲሆን Sr24 እና Sr31 ዋግ የሚቋቋሙ ዘረመልን የያዙ ድፍሬንሻሎች ግን ሙሉ በሙሉ የተለዩትን የዋግ ዝርያዎችን መቋቋም ችለዋል፡፡ በአሁኑ ጥናት Sr31 እና በአሁኑና ከዚህ በፊት ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ በተደረጉ ጥናቶች Sr24 ዘረመልን የሚያጠቃ የግንድ ዋግ ዝርያ ያለመኖሩ ስለተረጋገጠ እነዚህን ዘረመሎች ከሌሎች የግንድ ዋግ መቆጣጠሪያ መንገዶች ጋር በመጠቀም አሁን ያለውን የግንድ ዋግ ዝርያ መቋቋም የሚችል የስንዴ ዝርያ ማዳቀል ይቻላል፡፡ AbstractStem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is one of the most important diseases of wheat in Ethiopia. The pathogen can produce new races that can overcome resistant varieties and cause epidemic under favorable environmental conditions resulting in serious yield losses. The study was carried out to determine the virulence spectrum of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in northwest Ethiopia. Eighty-six stem rust samples were collected during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons and analyzed on 20 standard stem rust differential lines which resulted in the identification of four races (TTTTF, TKTTF, TKPTF, and TTRTF). Of these races, 60.4 and 60% of the isolates were TTTTF followed by 38.7 and 37.3% of TKTTF (Digalu race) in 2017 and 2018, respectively. These two races accounted for almost 99% of the stem rust population. The least virulent races were TKPTF and TTRTF that accounted 1% in both seasons and were detected only at single location (Farta in South Gondar in 2017 and Amba Giorgis in North Gondar in 2018). The differential hosts carrying resistance genes Sr5, Sr21, Sr9e, Sr7b, Sr6, Sr8a, Sr9g, Sr36, Sr17, Sr9a, Sr9d, Sr10, SrTmp, Sr38 and SrMcN were susceptible to the four races identified in northwest Ethiopia. Two differential hosts carrying the resistant genes Sr24 and Sr31 were effective against all the four races identified in this study. Absence of virulence against lines carrying Sr31 in the present and Sr24 in the present and previous studies suggests that these genes may serve as a source of resistance in combination with other wheat stem rust management systems to the current rust races in northwest Ethiopia.

Published
2020

21. Genotype × Environment Interaction and Selection of High Yielding Wheat Genotypes for Different Wheat-growing Areas of Ethiopia

Author

Alemu, Gadisa, primary, Dabi, Alemu, additional, Geleta, Nagesh, additional, Duga, Ruth, additional, Solomon, Tafesse, additional, Zegaye, Habtemariam, additional, Getamesay, Abebe, additional, Delesa, Abebe, additional, Asnake, Dawit, additional, Asefa, Bayisa, additional, Shewaye, Yewubdar, additional, Geleta Abeyo, Bekele, additional, and Badebo, Ayele, additional

Published
2021
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22. Genotype X Environment Interaction and Stability Analysis for Grain Yield of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Genotypes Under Low Moisture Stress Areas of Ethiopia

Author

Dabi, Alemu, primary, Alemu, Gadisa, additional, Geleta, Negash, additional, Delessa, Abebe, additional, Solomon, Tafesse, additional, Zegaye, Habtemariam, additional, Asnake, Dawit, additional, Asefa, Bayisa, additional, Duga, Rut, additional, Getamesay, Abebe, additional, Zewudu, Demeke, additional, Tadesse, Zerihun, additional, Girma, Bedada, additional, Badebo, Ayele, additional, and Abeyo, Bekele, additional

Published
2021
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27. Gender and agricultural innovation in Oromia region, Ethiopia : from innovator to tempered radical

Author

Farnworth, Cathy Rozel, López, Diana E., Badstue, Lone, Hailemariam, Mahelet, and Abeyo, Bekele G.

Subjects
Tempered radicals, GENNOVATE, wheat, Knowledge Technology and Innovation, gender, Ethiopia, agricultural innovation processes, Kennis, Technologie and Innovatie, Research Article
Abstract

Tempered radicals are change agents who experience the dominant culture as a violation of the integrity and authenticity of their personal values and beliefs. They seek to move forward whilst challenging the status quo. Does the concept provide a useful analytic lens through which the strategies of women and men farmer innovators, who are ‘doing things differently’ in agriculture, can be interpreted? What are their strategies for turning ambivalence and tension to their advantage? The paper uses research data derived from two wheat-growing communities in Oromia Region, Ethiopia, an area characterized by generally restrictive gendered norms and a technology transfer extension system. The findings demonstrate that women and men innovators actively interrogate and contest gender norms and extension narratives. Whilst both women and men innovators face considerable challenges, women, in particular, are precariously located ‘outsiders within,’ negotiating carefully between norm and sanction. Although the findings are drawn from a small sample, they have implications for interventions aiming to support agricultural innovation processes which support women’s, as well as men’s, innovatory practice. The framework facilitates a useful understanding of how farmer innovators operate and in particular, significant differences in how women and men interrogate, negotiate and align themselves with competing narratives.

Published
2019

28. Management of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici through redeployment of wheat varieties in Northwest Ethiopia.

Author

Azmeraw, Yehizbalem, Admassu, Belayneh, Abeyo, Bekele, and Bacha, Netsanet

Subjects
PUCCINIA graminis, WHEAT rusts, GRAIN yields, WHEAT
Abstract

Wheat stem rust is an important disease affecting wheat production in the world. In Ethiopia, it is one of the most destructive diseases constraining wheat production. Field experiments were carried in the districts of Adet and Aneded of Ethiopia in 2017 and 2018 main cropping seasons to manage wheat stem rust infection through reuse of old varieties. Forty-nine wheat varieties were tested in a simple lattice design with two replications. The results indicated that wheat varieties varied significantly (p < 0.05) in severity, the area under the disease progress curve, disease progress rate and grain yield. Four reaction groups of wheat varieties were identified, susceptible, moderately susceptible, moderately resistant and resistant. Varieties Hoggana, Shorima, and Sanete at Adet and varieties Hoggana, Shorima and Abola at Aneded were resistant to stem rust in both seasons. Varieties Enkoy, Sofumer, ET13A2, Tuse, Senkegna, Dinknesh, Alidoro, Tay, Honqollo, Tsehay, Mandoyu, Mitike, Medawalabu were moderately resistant to stem rust in both seasons at both locations. Similar reactions were recorded from variety KBG-01 and Dashen at Adet, and G'ambo, Galema, Danda'a, Katar, Pavon76, Guna, Densa, K6290, Sulla, Dereselign, and Dure at Aneded in both seasons. Among these varieties, Enkoy and Tsehay were abandoned due to resistance breakdown to stem rust in the 1990s. These two varieties may be reintroduced to production or may be used as sources of resistance to the prevailing races in northwest Ethiopia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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29. Characterization of Ethiopian Wheat Germplasm for Resistance to Four Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Races Facilitated by Single-Race Nurseries

Author

Hundie, Bekele, primary, Girma, Bedada, additional, Tadesse, Zerihun, additional, Edae, Erena, additional, Olivera, Pablo, additional, Abera, Endale Hailu, additional, Bulbula, Worku Denbel, additional, Abeyo, Bekele, additional, Badebo, Ayele, additional, Cisar, Gordon, additional, Brown-Guedira, Gina, additional, Gale, Sam, additional, Jin, Yue, additional, and Rouse, Matthew N., additional

Published
2019
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31. Gender and agricultural innovation in Oromia region, Ethiopia : from innovator to tempered radical

Author

Farnworth, Cathy Rozel, López, Diana E., Badstue, Lone, Hailemariam, Mahelet, Abeyo, Bekele G., Farnworth, Cathy Rozel, López, Diana E., Badstue, Lone, Hailemariam, Mahelet, and Abeyo, Bekele G.

Abstract

Tempered radicals are change agents who experience the dominant culture as a violation of the integrity and authenticity of their personal values and beliefs. They seek to move forward whilst challenging the status quo. Does the concept provide a useful analytic lens through which the strategies of women and men farmer innovators, who are ‘doing things differently’ in agriculture, can be interpreted? What are their strategies for turning ambivalence and tension to their advantage? The paper uses research data derived from two wheat-growing communities in Oromia Region, Ethiopia, an area characterized by generally restrictive gendered norms and a technology transfer extension system. The findings demonstrate that women and men innovators actively interrogate and contest gender norms and extension narratives. Whilst both women and men innovators face considerable challenges, women, in particular, are precariously located ‘outsiders within,’ negotiating carefully between norm and sanction. Although the findings are drawn from a small sample, they have implications for interventions aiming to support agricultural innovation processes which support women’s, as well as men’s, innovatory practice. The framework facilitates a useful understanding of how farmer innovators operate and in particular, significant differences in how women and men interrogate, negotiate and align themselves with competing narratives.

Published
2018

33. Markers Linked to Wheat Stem Rust Resistance Gene Sr11 Effective to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Race TKTTF

Author

Nirmala, Jayaveeramuthu, primary, Chao, Shiaoman, additional, Olivera, Pablo, additional, Babiker, Ebrahiem M., additional, Abeyo, Bekele, additional, Tadesse, Zerihun, additional, Imtiaz, Muhammad, additional, Talbert, Luther, additional, Blake, Nancy K., additional, Akhunov, Eduard, additional, Pumphrey, Michael O., additional, Jin, Yue, additional, and Rouse, Matthew N., additional

Published
2016
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34. Genome-wide association mapping for grain shape and color traits in Ethiopian durum wheat (Triticum turgidumssp. durum)

Author

Alemu, Admas, Feyissa, Tileye, Tuberosa, Roberto, Maccaferri, Marco, Sciara, Giuseppe, Letta, Tesfaye, and Abeyo, Bekele

Abstract

Grain shape and color strongly influence yield and quality of durum wheat. Identifying QTL for these traits is essential for transferring favorable alleles based on selection strategies and breeding objectives. In the present study, 192 Ethiopian durum wheat accessions comprising 167 landraces and 25 cultivars were genotyped with a high-density Illumina iSelect 90K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) wheat array to conduct a genome-wide association analysis for grain width (GW), grain length (GL), CIE (Commission Internationale l'Eclairage) L* (brightness), CIE a* (redness), and CIE b* (yellowness) traits. The accessions were planted at Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia in the 2015/2016 cropping season in a complete randomized block design with three replications. Twenty homogeneous and healthy seeds per replicate were used for trait measurement. Digital image analysis of seeds with GrainScan software package was used to generate the phenotypic data. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences between accessions for all traits. A total of 46 quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified for all traits across all chromosomes. One novel major candidate QTL (−lg P ≥ 4) with pleiotropic effects for grain CIE L* (brightness) and CIE a* (redness) was identified on the long arm of chromosome 2A. Eighteen nominal QTL (−lg P ≥ 3) and 26 suggestive QTL (−lg P ≥ 2.5) were identified. Pleiotropic QTL influencing both grain shape and color were identified.

Published
2020
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35. Buffalograss: Tough Native Turfgrass

Author

GÜLŞEN, Osman, Shearman, Robert C., Riordan, Terry P., Abeyo, Bekele G., Heng-Moss, Tiffany M., Lee, Donald J., Gaussoin, R.E., Budak, Hikmet, and Serba, D.D.

Published
2005

39. Temperature, planting depth, and genotype effects on seedling characteristics and seeding rate effects on agronomic and quality performance of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Author

Abeyo, Bekele Geleta and Abeyo, Bekele Geleta

Abstract

Temperature levels, planting depths, and cultivars, affected seedling traits as expected. An increase in temperature from 12.8/12.8 to 20/20°C increased coleoptile length by 21 min implying that higher temperatures facilitated coleoptile elongation. An increase in planting depth from 2.5 to 7.5 an increased coleoptile length, shoot length, and fresh weight and decreased root length and germination % of the seedlings across cultivars. Cultivars had a wide range of responses in their mean performance for the seedling traits. Scout 66, Nekota, and Niobrara were considered to have good seedling vigor while Alliance, Arapahoe and Centura, were considered to have poor seedling vigor. Strong and significant positive correlation between coleoptile length and germination %, shoot length and fresh weight, and fresh weight and dry weight were observed. In summary, planting depths and cultivars had a greater impact on seedling traits than did our temperature levels. Planting depth and cultivars are controllable management factors; hence the optimum depth must be practiced for the appropriate cultivar. Coleoptile length is the trait that was most significantly affected by temperature regimes, planting depths and cultivars. It is the best predictor of seedling vigor and hence can be used as a selection criterion in the development of cultivars with vigorous seedlings. While numerous experiments have studied how seeding rates affect agronomic performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, there are no or very few experiments which have studied how seeding rates affect end use quality particularly of modern wheat cultivars. Twenty winter wheat cultivars, were evaluated to assess the effect of cultivar and seeding rate on agronomic and quality performance of wheat. Significant differences among environments, seeding rates, cultivars and some of their interactions were identified. Lower seeding rates decreased stand density, grain yield and thousand-kernel weight and caused l

Published
2000

41. Gender and agricultural innovation in Oromia region, Ethiopia: from innovator to tempered radical.

Author

Farnworth CR, López DE, Badstue L, Hailemariam M, and Abeyo BG

Abstract

Tempered radicals are change agents who experience the dominant culture as a violation of the integrity and authenticity of their personal values and beliefs. They seek to move forward whilst challenging the status quo. Does the concept provide a useful analytic lens through which the strategies of women and men farmer innovators, who are 'doing things differently' in agriculture, can be interpreted? What are their strategies for turning ambivalence and tension to their advantage? The paper uses research data derived from two wheat-growing communities in Oromia Region, Ethiopia, an area characterized by generally restrictive gendered norms and a technology transfer extension system. The findings demonstrate that women and men innovators actively interrogate and contest gender norms and extension narratives. Whilst both women and men innovators face considerable challenges, women, in particular, are precariously located 'outsiders within,' negotiating carefully between norm and sanction. Although the findings are drawn from a small sample, they have implications for interventions aiming to support agricultural innovation processes which support women's, as well as men's, innovatory practice. The framework facilitates a useful understanding of how farmer innovators operate and in particular, significant differences in how women and men interrogate, negotiate and align themselves with competing narratives.

Published
2019
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