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This research focused on improving mineralization rates during the advanced electrochemical oxidation treatment of agricultural water contaminants. For the first time, bismuth-doped tin oxide (BDTO) catalysts were deposited on Magnéli phase (Ti n O 2 n-1 , n = 4-6) reactive electrochemical membranes (REMs). Terephthalic acid (TA) was used as a OH • probe, whereas atrazine (ATZ) and clothianidin (CDN) were chosen as model agricultural water contaminants. The BDTO-deposited REMs (REM/BDTO) showed higher compound removal than the REM, due to enhanced OH • production. At 3.5 V/SHE, complete mineralization of TA, ATZ, and CDN was achieved for the REM/BDTO upon a single pass in the reactor (residence time ∼3.6 s). Energy consumption for REM/BDTO was as much as 31-fold lower than the REM, with minimal values per log removal of <0.53 kWh m -3 for TA (3.5 V/SHE), <0.42 kWh m -3 for ATZ (3.0 V/SHE), and 0.83 kWh m -3 for CDN (3.0 V/SHE). Density functional theory simulations provided potential dependent activation energy profiles for ATZ, CDN, and various oxidation products. Efficient mass transfer and a reaction mechanism involving direct electron transfer and reaction with OH • were responsible for the rapid and complete mineralization of ATZ and CDN at very short residence times.

This work deals with the anti-icing behavior at subfreezing temperatures of CeO2/polyurethane nanocomposite coatings with and without a stearic acid treatment on aluminum alloy substrates. The samples ranged from superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic depending on surface morphology and surface functionalization. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine the surface composition. The anti-icing behavior was studied both by importing fog into a chamber with controlled atmosphere at subzero temperatures and by conducting experiments with drop impact velocities of 1.98, 2.8, 3.83, and 4.95 m/s. It was found that the ice-phobicity of the ceramic/polymer nanocomposite coating was dependent on the surface roughness and surface energy. Water drops were observed to completely rebound from the surface at subfreezing temperatures from superhydrophobic surfaces with small contact angle hysteresis regardless of the impact velocity, thus revealing the anti-icing capability of such surfaces.