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11. Determinants of Hypertension Among Patients with Diabetes mellitus in Public Hospitals of Kembata Tambaro Zone, South Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region, Ethiopia, 2021; A Case Control Study

Author

Kenore,Yeshialem, Abrha,Solomon, Yosef,Amanuel, Gelgelu,Temesgen Bati, Kenore,Yeshialem, Abrha,Solomon, Yosef,Amanuel, and Gelgelu,Temesgen Bati

Abstract

Yeshialem Kenore,1 Solomon Abrha,2 Amanuel Yosef,2 Temesgen Bati Gelgelu2 1Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialaized Hospital, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia; 2School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Amanuel Yosef, Tel +251 918451138, Email amanuelyosef77@gmail.comIntroduction: Hypertension is commonly defined as a persistently raised blood pressure in which systolic blood pressure reading (SBP) is greater than or equal to 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is greater than or equal to 90 mmHg. The comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes mellitus is complex and is associated with a high risk of complications. However, there are limited studies on determinants of hypertension among patients with diabetes in Ethiopia. Therefore this study aimed to identify the determinants of hypertension among patients with diabetes mellitus in public hospitals of the Kambata Tambaro Zone, Ethiopia.Methods and Materials: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among a total sample of 326 patients with diabetes from June 17, 2021 to August 17, 2021. This study was conducted in five public hospitals. The data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 software and exported to and analyzed using SPSS software version 25.0. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between the dependent and independent variables.Results: Of the 336 study participants, 326 diabetic patients (163 cases and 163 controls) were interviewed resulting in a response rate of 97%. Age group ≥ 50 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 7.00, 95% CI = 1.69– 28.9), inactivity in physical exercise (AOR = 5.84, 95% CI = 2.47– 13.81), patients who have a history of drinking alcohol (AOR = 2.61, 95% CI = 1.35– 5.03) and patients who had poor knowledge on diabetes (AOR = 3.04, 95% CI = 1.69– 5.47) we

Published
2022

14. Treatment of tungiasis using a tea tree oil-based gel formulation: protocol for a randomised controlled proof-of-principle trial

Author

Abrha, Solomon, primary, Christenson, Julia K, additional, McEwen, John, additional, Tesfaye, Wubshet, additional, Vaz Nery, Susana, additional, Chang, Aileen Y, additional, Spelman, Tim, additional, Kosari, Sam, additional, Kigen, Gabriel, additional, Carroll, Simon, additional, Heukelbach, Jorg, additional, Feldmeier, Hermann, additional, Bartholomaeus, Andrew, additional, Daniel, Mark, additional, Peterson, Gregory M, additional, and Thomas, Jackson, additional

Published
2021
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15. Risk factors for COVID-19 infection, disease severity and related deaths in Africa: A systematic review

Author

Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Koye, Digsu Negese, Fetene, Dagnachew Muluye, Woldegiorgis, Mulu, Kinfu, Yohannes, Geleto, Ayele Bali, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Mohammed, Hassen, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew, Birhanu, Mulugeta Molla, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, Gelaw, Yalemzewod Assefa, Shifti, Desalegn Markos, Muluneh, Muluken Dessalegn, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Abrha, Solomon, Aregay, Atsede Fantahun, Ayalew, Mohammed Biset, Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremariam, Kidane Tadesse, Gebremedhin, Tesfaye, Gebremichael, Lemlem, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, Meazaw, Maereg Wagnew, Mekonnen, Alemayehu Berhane, Tekle, Dejen Y., Tesema, Azeb G., Tesfay, Fisaha H., Tesfaye, Wubshet, Wubishet, Befikadu L., Dachew, Berihun A., Adane, Akilew A., Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Koye, Digsu Negese, Fetene, Dagnachew Muluye, Woldegiorgis, Mulu, Kinfu, Yohannes, Geleto, Ayele Bali, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Mohammed, Hassen, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew, Birhanu, Mulugeta Molla, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, Gelaw, Yalemzewod Assefa, Shifti, Desalegn Markos, Muluneh, Muluken Dessalegn, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Abrha, Solomon, Aregay, Atsede Fantahun, Ayalew, Mohammed Biset, Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremariam, Kidane Tadesse, Gebremedhin, Tesfaye, Gebremichael, Lemlem, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, Meazaw, Maereg Wagnew, Mekonnen, Alemayehu Berhane, Tekle, Dejen Y., Tesema, Azeb G., Tesfay, Fisaha H., Tesfaye, Wubshet, Wubishet, Befikadu L., Dachew, Berihun A., and Adane, Akilew A.

Abstract

© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2020. Objective The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive evidence on risk factors for transmission, disease severity and COVID-19 related deaths in Africa. Design A systematic review has been conducted to synthesise existing evidence on risk factors affecting COVID-19 outcomes across Africa. Data sources Data were systematically searched from MEDLINE, Scopus, MedRxiv and BioRxiv. Eligibility criteria Studies for review were included if they were published in English and reported at least one risk factor and/or one health outcome. We included all relevant literature published up until 11 August 2020. Data extraction and synthesis We performed a systematic narrative synthesis to describe the available studies for each outcome. Data were extracted using a standardised Joanna Briggs Institute data extraction form. Results Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria of which four were exclusively on Africa and the remaining 11 papers had a global focus with some data from Africa. Higher rates of infection in Africa are associated with high population density, urbanisation, transport connectivity, high volume of tourism and international trade, and high level of economic and political openness. Limited or poor access to healthcare are also associated with higher COVID-19 infection rates. Older people and individuals with chronic conditions such as HIV, tuberculosis and anaemia experience severe forms COVID-19 leading to hospitalisation and death. Similarly, high burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, high prevalence of tobacco consumption and low levels of expenditure on health and low levels of global health security score contribute to COVID-19 related deaths. Conclusions Demographic, institutional, ecological, health system and politico-economic factors influenced the spectrum of COVID-19 infection, severity and death. We recommend multidisciplinary and integrated approaches to mitigate the identified factors and str

Published
2021

18. COVID-19 in Ethiopia: a geospatial analysis of vulnerability to infection, case severity and death

Author

Alene, Kefyalew Addis, primary, Gelaw, Yalemzewod Assefa, additional, Fetene, Dagnachew Muluye, additional, Koye, Digsu N., additional, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, additional, Gesesew, Hailay, additional, Birhanu, Mulugeta Molla, additional, Adane, Akilew Awoke, additional, Muluneh, Muluken Dessalegn, additional, Dachew, Berihun Assefa, additional, Abrha, Solomon, additional, Aregay, Atsede, additional, Ayele, Asnakew Achaw, additional, Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M, additional, Gebremariam, Kidane Tadesse, additional, Gebremedhin, Tesfaye, additional, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, additional, Gebremichael, Lemlem, additional, Geleto, Ayele Bali, additional, Kassahun, Habtamu Tilahun, additional, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, additional, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, additional, Mekonnen, Alemayehu, additional, Mirkuzie, Alemnesh H., additional, Mohammed, Hassen, additional, Tegegn, Henok Getachew, additional, Tesema, Azeb Gebresilassie, additional, Tesfay, Fisaha Haile, additional, Wubishet, Befikadu Legesse, additional, and Kinfu, Yohannes, additional

Published
2021
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19. Risk factors for COVID-19 infection, disease severity and related deaths in Africa: a systematic review

Author

Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, primary, Koye, Digsu Negese, additional, Fetene, Dagnachew Muluye, additional, Woldegiorgis, Mulu, additional, Kinfu, Yohannes, additional, Geleto, Ayele Bali, additional, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, additional, Mohammed, Hassen, additional, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, additional, Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew, additional, Birhanu, Mulugeta Molla, additional, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, additional, Gelaw, Yalemzewod Assefa, additional, Shifti, Desalegn Markos, additional, Muluneh, Muluken Dessalegn, additional, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, additional, Abrha, Solomon, additional, Aregay, Atsede Fantahun, additional, Ayalew, Mohammed Biset, additional, Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, additional, Gebremariam, Kidane Tadesse, additional, Gebremedhin, Tesfaye, additional, Gebremichael, Lemlem, additional, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, additional, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, additional, Meazaw, Maereg Wagnew, additional, Mekonnen, Alemayehu Berhane, additional, Tekle, Dejen Yemane, additional, Tesema, Azeb Gebresilassie, additional, Tesfay, Fisaha Haile, additional, Tesfaye, Wubshet, additional, Wubishet, Befikadu Legesse, additional, Dachew, Berihun Assefa, additional, and Adane, Akilew Awoke, additional

Published
2021
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26. Trends and determinants of underweight and overweight/obesity among urban Ethiopian women from 2000 to 2016

Author

Ahmed, Kedir Yimam, primary, Abrha, Solomon, additional, Page, Andrew, additional, Arora, Amit, additional, Shiferaw, Solomon, additional, Tadese, Fentaw, additional, Negash, Canaan, additional, Yeneabat, Tebikew, additional, Alemu, Emana, additional, Gebremichael, Delelegn Yilma, additional, Seiko, Abdulaziz, additional, and Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, additional

Published
2020
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28. Additional file 4 of Trends and determinants of underweight and overweight/obesity among urban Ethiopian women from 2000 to 2016

Author

Ahmed, Kedir Y., Abrha, Solomon, Page, Andrew, Arora, Amit, Shiferaw, Solomon, Fentaw Tadese, Canaan Negash Seifu, Tebikew Yeneabat, Emana Alemu, Delelegn Yilma Gebremichael, Abdulaziz Seiko, and Ogbo, Felix Akpojene

Subjects
population characteristics, nutritional and metabolic diseases, human activities
Abstract

Additional file 4. Bar graphs showing trends of underweight and overweight/obesity by each study variables from 2000 to 2016.

Published
2020
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29. Additional file 2 of Trends and determinants of underweight and overweight/obesity among urban Ethiopian women from 2000 to 2016

Author

Ahmed, Kedir Y., Abrha, Solomon, Page, Andrew, Arora, Amit, Shiferaw, Solomon, Fentaw Tadese, Canaan Negash Seifu, Tebikew Yeneabat, Emana Alemu, Delelegn Yilma Gebremichael, Abdulaziz Seiko, and Ogbo, Felix Akpojene

Subjects
population characteristics, nutritional and metabolic diseases, sense organs, skin and connective tissue diseases, human activities
Abstract

Additional file 2. Percentage point change in the prevalence of underweight by study factors, 2000–2016. n (%): weighted count and proportion for each variable. *Diff indicates the point percentage change in prevalence of underweight between 2000 to 2016.

Published
2020
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30. Additional file 3 of Trends and determinants of underweight and overweight/obesity among urban Ethiopian women from 2000 to 2016

Author

Ahmed, Kedir Y., Abrha, Solomon, Page, Andrew, Arora, Amit, Shiferaw, Solomon, Fentaw Tadese, Canaan Negash Seifu, Tebikew Yeneabat, Emana Alemu, Delelegn Yilma Gebremichael, Abdulaziz Seiko, and Ogbo, Felix Akpojene

Subjects
nutritional and metabolic diseases, sense organs, skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract

Additional file 3. Percentage point change in the prevalence of overweight/obesity by study factors, 2000–2016. n (%): weighted count and proportion for each variable. *Diff indicates the point percentage change in prevalence of underweight between 2000 to 2016.

Published
2020
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31. Additional file 1 of Trends and determinants of underweight and overweight/obesity among urban Ethiopian women from 2000 to 2016

Author

Ahmed, Kedir Y., Abrha, Solomon, Page, Andrew, Arora, Amit, Shiferaw, Solomon, Fentaw Tadese, Canaan Negash Seifu, Tebikew Yeneabat, Emana Alemu, Delelegn Yilma Gebremichael, Abdulaziz Seiko, and Ogbo, Felix Akpojene

Abstract

Additional file 1. Characteristics of urban women in Ethiopia, 2000–2016. n (%): weighted count and proportions for each variable. *SNNPR: Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region.

Published
2020
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33. Factors associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity in reproductive age Tanzanian women.

Author

Ahmed, Kedir Y., Rwabilimbo, Abdon G., Abrha, Solomon, Page, Andrew, Arora, Amit, Tadese, Fentaw, Beyene, Tigistu Yemane, Seiko, Abdulaziz, Endris, Abdulhafiz A., Agho, Kingsley E., and Ogbo, Felix Akpojene

Subjects
OBESITY, BODY weight, DEMOGRAPHIC surveys, MIDDLE-income countries, WEIGHT gain, LOGISTIC regression analysis
Abstract

Background: Underweight, overweight, and obesity are major public health challenges among reproductive-age women of lower- and middle-income countries (including Tanzania). In those settings, obesogenic factors (attributes that promote excessive body weight gain) are increasing in the context of an existing high burden of undernutrition. The present study investigated factors associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity among reproductive age women in Tanzania. Methods: This study used 2015–16 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey data (n = 11735). To account for the hierarchical nature of the data (i.e., reproductive age women nested within clusters), multilevel multinomial logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between individual-level (socioeconomic, demographic and behavioural) and community-level factors with underweight, overweight, and obesity. Results: Reproductive age women who were informally employed (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.64, 0.96), those who were currently married (RRR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.82) and those who used contraceptives (RRR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.90) were less likely to be underweight. Reproductive age women who attained secondary or higher education (RRR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.96), those who resided in wealthier households (RRR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.78, 3.03) and those who watched the television (RRR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.50) were more likely to be overweight. The risk of experiencing obesity was higher among reproductive age women who attained secondary or higher education (RRR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.61), those who were formally employed (RRR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.98), those who resided in wealthier households (RRR = 4.77; 95% CI: 3.03, 7.50), those who used alcohol (RRR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.82) and/or watched the television (RRR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.35, 2.13). Conclusion: Our study suggests that relevant government jurisdictions need to identify, promote, and implement evidence-based interventions that can simultaneously address underweight and overweight/obesity among reproductive age women in Tanzania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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39. CANCER NANOTHERANOSTICS: A NEW PARADIGM OF SIMULTANEOUS DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY

Author

Sisay, Berihun, Abrha, Solomon, Yilma, Zewdu, Assen, Admassu, Molla, Fantahun, Tadese, Ebisa, Wondimu, Abrham, Gebre-Samuel, Naod, Pattnaik, Gurudutta, Sisay, Berihun, Abrha, Solomon, Yilma, Zewdu, Assen, Admassu, Molla, Fantahun, Tadese, Ebisa, Wondimu, Abrham, Gebre-Samuel, Naod, and Pattnaik, Gurudutta

Abstract

Despite improvements in our understanding of cancer and the emerging concept of personalized medicine for the treatment of this disease, it is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Although, in recent years, significant advances have been achieved in cancer therapy, many tumors are still challenging to treat and novel strategies are required to effectively combat this deadly disease. Nanotheranostics is a burgeoning field which makes use of nanotechnology for diagnosis and therapy of cancer. The recent advancement in the area of nanotechnology has enabled a new generation of different types of nanomaterials composed of either inorganic or polymer based nanoparticles to be useful for nanotheranostics applications such as to diagnose and treat diseases and monitoring the therapeutic response in vivo at molecular level; to enhance the control, evaluation and optimization of drug delivery and release; to target the drug by conjugating theranostic nanoplatformes with biological ligands. This review, therefore, summarizes the various nanocarriers developed so far for the simultaneous imaging and therapy, strategies for their targeted delivery, their potential applications and the challenges in their development and application for cancer therapy.  Key words: Cancer; Cancer therapy; Nanoparticles; Nanotheranostics.

Published
2014

41. Extraction, Characterization, and Evaluation of Lepidium sativum Linn. Mucilage as a Mucoadhesive Polymer

Author

Embafrash Berhe, Hailemichael, Tesfay Mezgebo, Desta, Abrha, Solomon, Gebremeskel Haile, Tsadkan, and Molla, Fantahun

Abstract

Being biocompatible, less toxic, cheap, easily available, and environmentally friendly, there is an increased trust in natural polymers in the drug delivery system. Mucilages, among the natural polymers, are the primary metabolites of plants that have been widely utilized in pharmaceutical manufacturing for different purposes, and mucoadhesive is one among them. The present study was designed to investigate the use of LSM as a mucoadhesive polymer using ibuprofen as a model drug. The mucilage was extracted following an aqueous extraction method and its percentage yield was found to be 13.2% w/w. Besides, three microsphere formulations of ibuprofen were prepared using synthetic polymer hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) K100M and the LSM in polymer to drug ratios of 1 : 1, 1 : 5, and 3 : 5 by applying ionotropic gelation followed by solvent evaporation methods. The microspheres were evaluated for various micromeritic properties and all the formulations exhibited free-flowing properties. Optical microscopic pictures of almost all the microspheres except F3 and F6 (which had more or less spherical shapes) were found to have irregular and discrete shapes. Besides, the surfaces of all the formulations were rough in texture. The drug entrapment efficiency of the microspheres was found to be between 52.08% ± 0.80 and 87.97% ± 0.72. The in-vitrowash-off test evidenced that almost 50 percent (especially F3) of the microspheres were able to adhere up to 18 h and showed remarkable bioadhesion properties. The in-vitro drug release profile indicated that all the formulations were able to prolong their drug release up to 12 h with a non-fickian release mechanism, except for F4, which followed a fickian release. Therefore, based on the findings of this study, LSM can be used as a potential alternative mucoadhesive excipient for sustained release formulations.

Published
2023
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42. When fear and misinformation go viral: Pharmacists' role in deterring medication misinformation during the 'infodemic' surrounding COVID-19.

Author

Erku, Daniel A, Belachew, Sewunet A, Abrha, Solomon, Sinnollareddy, Mahipal, Thomas, Jackson, Steadman, Kathryn J, and Tesfaye, Wubshet H

Abstract

The world has faced an unprecedented challenge when coronavirus (COVID-19) emerged as a pandemic. Millions of people have contracted the virus and a significant number of them lost their lives, resulting in a tremendous social and economic shock across the globe. Amid the growing burden of the pandemic, there are parallel emergencies that need to be simultaneously tackled: the proliferation of fake medicines, fake news and medication misinformation surrounding COVID-19. Pharmacists are key health professionals with the required skills and training to contribute to the fight against these emergencies. Primarily, they can be a relevant source of accurate and reliable information to the public or other fellow health professionals thereby reducing the spread of COVID-19 medication misinformation. This can be achieved by providing accurate and reliable information based on recommendations given by relevant health authorities and professional associations to make sure the community understand the importance of the message and thus minimise the detrimental consequences of the pandemic. This commentary aims to summarise the existing literature in relation to the promising treatments currently under trial, the perils of falsified medications and medicine-related information and the role of pharmacists in taking a leading role in combating these parallel global emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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43. Risk factors for COVID-19 infection, disease severity and related deaths in Africa: A systematic review

Author

Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Koye, Digsu Negese, Fetene, Dagnachew Muluye, Woldegiorgis, Mulu, Kinfu, Yohannes, Geleto, Ayele Bali, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Mohammed, Hassen, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew, Birhanu, Mulugeta Molla, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, Gelaw, Yalemzewod Assefa, Shifti, Desalegn Markos, Muluneh, Muluken Dessalegn, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Abrha, Solomon, Aregay, Atsede Fantahun, Ayalew, Mohammed Biset, Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremariam, Kidane Tadesse, Gebremedhin, Tesfaye, Gebremichael, Lemlem, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, Meazaw, Maereg Wagnew, Mekonnen, Alemayehu Berhane, Tekle, Dejen Y., Tesema, Azeb G., Tesfay, Fisaha H., Tesfaye, Wubshet, Wubishet, Befikadu L., Dachew, Berihun A., Adane, Akilew A., Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Koye, Digsu Negese, Fetene, Dagnachew Muluye, Woldegiorgis, Mulu, Kinfu, Yohannes, Geleto, Ayele Bali, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Mohammed, Hassen, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew, Birhanu, Mulugeta Molla, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, Gelaw, Yalemzewod Assefa, Shifti, Desalegn Markos, Muluneh, Muluken Dessalegn, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Abrha, Solomon, Aregay, Atsede Fantahun, Ayalew, Mohammed Biset, Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremariam, Kidane Tadesse, Gebremedhin, Tesfaye, Gebremichael, Lemlem, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, Meazaw, Maereg Wagnew, Mekonnen, Alemayehu Berhane, Tekle, Dejen Y., Tesema, Azeb G., Tesfay, Fisaha H., Tesfaye, Wubshet, Wubishet, Befikadu L., Dachew, Berihun A., and Adane, Akilew A.

Abstract

Gesesew, H. A., Koye, D. N., Fetene, D. M., Woldegiorgis, M., Kinfu, Y., Geleto, A. B., … Adane, A. A. (2021). Risk factors for COVID-19 infection, disease severity and related deaths in Africa: A systematic review. BMJ Open, 11(2), article e044618. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044618

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