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Introduction: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the increase in the degree of fibrosis in the bone marrow and prognosis and mortality in newly diagnosed DLBCL., Methods: Bone marrow biopsy of 153 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients was determined by staining with reticulin, Masson's trichrome histochemical stain, and the degree of fibrosis was determined., Results: In the bone marrow biopsy performed at the time of diagnosis, bone marrow fibrosis (BMF) was observed in 70 patients. While BMF-1 was detected in 42 patients (60%), BMF-2 was detected in 25 patients (35%) and BMF-3 was detected in 3 patients (4%). As the degree of BMF increased, the median overall survival and median progression-free survival times were significantly shorter (p: 0.008), (p < 0.001). In patients with an increased degree of BMF, a significant decrease in leukocyte and neutrophil counts was observed after chemotherapy (p: 0.004). According to the results of the multivariate Cox regression model, it was determined that high NCCN-IPI risk (HR: 8.25; %95 CI: 1.09-62.52; p = 0.041) and being BMF ≥ 2 (HR: 3.75; %95 CI: 1.65-8.51; p = 0.002), increased the risk of death (p = 0.002, -2 loglikelihood = 392,553)., Conclusion: When the literature was reviewed, it was seen that this study was the first to define that bone marrow fibrosis grade 2 and above in DLBCL is a prognostic marker associated with worse survival. In the bone marrow pathology, which is examined to detect advanced disease in DLBCL, besides lymphomatous involvement, the detection of fibrosis grade is very important., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is one of the reasons of end-stage kidney disease, and elucidating the pathogenesis and offer new treatment options is important. Oxidative stress might trigger pathogenesis systemically or isolated in the kidneys. Octreotide (OCT) has beneficial antioxidant effects. We aimed to investigate the source of oxidative stress and the effect of OCT on experimental NS model., Methods: Twenty-four non-uremic Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups. Control group, 2 mL saline intramuscular (im); NS group, adriamycin 5 mg/kg intravenous (iv); NS treatment group, adriamycin 5 mg/kg (iv) and OCT 200 mcg/kg (im) were administered at baseline (Day 0). At the end of 21 days, creatinine and protein levels were measured in 24-hour urine samples. Erythrocyte and renal catalase (CAT) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) were measured. Renal histology was also evaluated., Results: There was no significant difference among the 3 groups in terms of CAT and TBARS in erythrocytes. Renal CAT level was lowest in NS group, and significantly lower than the control group. In treatment group, CAT level significantly increased compared with NS group. In terms of renal histology, tubular and interstitial evaluations were similar in all groups. Glomerular score was significantly higher in NS group compared with control group and it was significantly decreased in treatment group compared to NS group., Conclusions: Oxidative stress in NS might be due to the decrease in antioxidant protection mechanism in kidney. Octreotide improves antioxidant levels and histology in renal tissue and might be a treatment option.

Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentoalveolar effects of a pendulum appliance supported buccally by a K-loop, and to compare these with a cervical headgear (CHG) group. The records of 30 patients with skeletal Class I and dental Class II malocclusions were divided in to two groups: Patients in group 1 (seven females and eight males; mean age, 15.0 +/- 3.4 years) were treated with a pendulum appliance supported with a K-loop buccally, while in group 2 (10 females and 5 males; mean age, 14.2 +/- 2.9 years), the patients were treated with CHG. Standardized lateral cephalograms and study models were taken at the beginning of treatment (T0) and at the end of distal molar movement (T1). T0-T1 changes within the groups were analysed with a paired t-test, and between the groups with a t-test. The mean amount of distalization was 4.53 +/- 1.46 mm in group 1 and 2.23 +/- 1.68 mm in group 2. The mean amount of distal tipping for group 1 was 5.13 +/- 4.90 degrees; the mean amount of mesial tipping for group 2 was 0.80 +/- 2.27 degrees. Intrusion and mesiobuccal rotation of the maxillary molars were achieved in both groups. In group 1, the amount of labial protrusion and tipping of the maxillary incisors was not statistically significant. In group 2, palatoversion and retrusion of the maxillary incisors was statistically significant (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). The two major disadvantages of intraoral appliances, which are distal tipping of molars and loss of anchorage at the anterior teeth, were significantly decreased with the use of a pendulum appliance K-loop combination.

Most orthodontic brackets and archwires made from stainless steel or nickel (Ni)-titanium (Ti) alloys can release metal ions into the saliva. This study measures the amounts of metal released from simulated fixed orthodontic appliances. Sixty simulated fixed orthodontic appliances were manufactured in different ways and divided into four equal groups as follows: new brackets and new archwires (group 1 controls), new brackets and recycled archwires (group 2), recycled brackets and new archwires (group 3), and recycled brackets and recycled archwires (group 4). The bracket bases coated with adhesives were heated at 350 degrees C for 30 minutes. Recycled archwires were sterilized by autoclaving. Each appliance was soaked in artificial saliva of pH 7 at 37 degrees C for 45 days. At the end of this period, a sample of the artificial saliva was collected for analysis. Concentrations of Ni, chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese, copper (Cu), and Ti ions were measured by atomic absorption and recorded in micrograms per liter. Analysis of variance and the Duncan multiple-range test indicated significant differences among the groups (P < .001). The study revealed the following: (1) group 4 released higher amounts of Cr, Fe, and Ti than any of the other three combinations; (2) Ni release was similar in groups 1 and 2 and in groups 2, 3, and 4; (3) the amounts of Cu, Cr, and Ti ions released from groups 3 and 4 were significantly greater than the amounts released from the other two combinations.