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738 results on '"Acerini, Carlo"'

1. Maternal exposure to DDT, DDE, and pyrethroid insecticides for malaria vector control and hypospadias in the VHEMBE birth cohort study, Limpopo, South Africa

Author

Bornman, Riana, Acerini, Carlo L, Chevrier, Jonathan, Rauch, Stephen, Crause, Madelein, Obida, Muvhulawa, and Eskenazi, Brenda

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Pollution and Contamination, Vector-Borne Diseases, Rare Diseases, Pediatric, Urologic Diseases, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Animals, Anopheles, Birth Cohort, Cohort Studies, DDT, Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene, Female, Humans, Hypospadias, Infant, Insecticides, Malaria, Male, Maternal Exposure, Mosquito Vectors, Pregnancy, Pyrethrins, South Africa, Urogenital, Pyrethroid
Abstract

Hypospadias is the ectopic opening of the urethra on the penis or scrotum. Exposure to estrogenic and/or anti-androgenic chemicals in utero may play an etiologic role. DDT and the pyrethroids cypermethrin and deltamethrin, are used to control malaria. DDT is estrogenic and its breakdown product DDE is anti-androgenic; cypermethrin and deltamethrin can also disrupt androgen pathways. We examined the relationship between maternal exposure to these insecticides during pregnancy and hypospadias among boys participating in the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE) in Limpopo Province, South Africa. We measured peripartum levels of p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE in maternal serum and urinary pyrethroid metabolites. We conducted urogenital examination on 359 one-year-old boys. A total of 291 (81.0 %) had phimosis, which prevented full urogenital examination, leaving a final sample of 68 boys for determination of the presence of hypospadias. Diagnosis was based on concordance of two independent physicians. We identified hypospadias in 23 of the 68 boys (34 %). Maternal urinary concentrations of cis-DCCA and trans-DCCA metabolites of cypermethrin and other pyrethroids, were associated with an increased risk for hypospadias, but the other metabolite 3-PBA was not (adjusted relative risk per 10-fold increase = 1.58, 95 % CI 1.07-2.34; 1.61, 95 % CI 1.09-2.36; and 1.48, 95 % CI 0.78-2.78, respectively). No associations were found between p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, 3-PBA or cis-DBCA and hypospadias. We observed a high prevalence of hypospadias among boys without phymosis. Boys with higher prenatal exposure to pyrethroid insecticides were at higher risk of hypospadias. Our findings may have global implications given that pyrethroid insecticides are widely used for malaria control, in agriculture and for home use.

Published
2022

3. Effect of 48 Months of Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery on Residual C-Peptide Secretion and Glycemic Control in Newly Diagnosed Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Trial.

Author

Ware, Julia, Boughton, Charlotte K., Allen, Janet M., Wilinska, Malgorzata E., Hartnell, Sara, Thankamony, Ajay, Randell, Tabitha, Ghatak, Atrayee, Besser, Rachel E.J., Elleri, Daniela, Trevelyan, Nicola, Campbell, Fiona M., Sibayan, Judy, Bailey, Ryan, Calhoun, Peter, Dunseath, Gareth, Hovorka, Roman, Verhoeven, Vreni, Thankmonay, Ajay, and Acerini, Carlo

Subjects
TYPE 1 diabetes, GLYCEMIC control, HYPERGLYCEMIA, SECRETION, C-peptide, INSULIN, CANAGLIFLOZIN, INSULIN aspart
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effect of long-term intensive metabolic control with hybrid closed-loop (CL) on residual C-peptide secretion and glucose control compared with standard insulin therapy in youth with type 1 diabetes over 48 months. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Following the 24-month primary phase of a multicenter, randomized, parallel trial of 96 newly diagnosed youth aged 10 to 16.9 years, participants were invited to an extension phase using treatment allocated at randomization. They continued with hybrid CL using the Cambridge algorithm or standard insulin therapy (control) until 48 months after diagnosis. Analysis was by intention-to-treat. RESULTS: At 24 months after diagnosis, 81 participants (mean ± SD age 14 ± 2 years) continued in the extension phase (47 CL, 34 control). There was no difference in fasting C-peptide corrected for fasting glucose at 48 months between groups (CL: 5 ± 9 vs. control: 6 ± 14 pmol/L per mmol/L; mean adjusted difference −2 [95% CI −7, 4; P = 0.54]). Central laboratory HbA1c remained lower in the CL group by 0.9% (10 mmol/mol [95% CI 0.2, 1.5; 3, 17 mmol/mol); P = 0.009). Time in target range of 3.9 to 10.0 mmol/L was 12 percentage points (95% CI 3, 20; P = 0.008) higher in the CL group compared with control. There were 11 severe hypoglycemic events (6 CL, 5 control) and 7 diabetic ketoacidosis events (3 CL, 4 control) during the extension phase. CONCLUSIONS: Improved glycemic control was sustained over 48 months after diagnosis with CL insulin delivery compared with standard therapy in youth with type 1 diabetes. This did not appear to confer a protective effect on residual C-peptide secretion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. The Adolescent Cardio-Renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT): retinal vascular geometry and renal function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Author

Benitez-Aguirre, Paul Z., Wong, Tien Y., Craig, Maria E., Davis, Elizabeth A., Cotterill, Andrew, Couper, Jennifer J., Cameron, Fergus J., Mahmud, Farid H., Jones, Tim W., Hodgson, Lauren A. B., Dalton, R. Neil, Dunger, David B., Donaghue, Kim C., Marshall, Sally, Armitage, Jane, Bingley, Polly, Van’t Hoff, William, Dunger, David, Dalton, R. Neil, Daneman, Denis, Neil, Andrew, Deanfield, John, Jones, Tim, Donaghue, Kim, Jones, Tim, Donaghue, Kim, Craig, Maria, Benitez-Aguirre, Paul, Cameron, Fergus, Couper, Jennifer, Davis, Elizabeth, Cotterill, Andrew, Verge, Charles, Bergman, Phil, Rodda, Christine, Marcovecchio, M. Loredana, Deanfield, John, Chiesa, Scott, Acerini, Carlo, Ackland, Fran, Anand, Binu, Barrett, Tim, Birrell, Virginia, Campbell, Fiona, Charakida, Marietta, Cheetham, Tim, Cooper, Chris, Doughty, Ian, Dutta, Atanu, Edge, Julie, Gray, Alastair, Hamilton-Shield, Julian, Heywood, James, Leech, Nicola, Mann, Nick, Parker, Richard, Rayman, Gerry, Robinson, Jonathon Mark, Russell-Taylor, Michelle, Sankar, Vengudi, Smith, Anne, Thalange, Nandu, Wilson, Mark, Yaliwal, Chandan, Mahmud, Farid, Clarson, Cheril, Curtis, Jacqueline, Daneman, Denis, Sochett, Etienne, The Adolescent Type 1 Diabetes Cardio-Renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT), AdDIT investigators in Australia, AdDIT investigators in the UK, and AdDIT investigators in Canada

Published
2018
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22. Closing the Loop in Adults, Children and Adolescents With Suboptimally Controlled Type 1 Diabetes Under Free Living Conditions: A Psychosocial Substudy

Author

Barnard, Katharine D., Wysocki, Timothy, Ully, Vanessa, Mader, Julia K., Pieber, Thomas R., Thabit, Hood, Tauschmann, Martin, Leelarathna, Lalantha, Hartnell, Sara, Acerini, Carlo L., Wilinska, Malgorzata E., Dellweg, Sibylle, Benesch, Carsten, Arnolds, Sabine, Holzer, Manuel, Kojzar, Harald, Campbell, Fiona, Yong, James, Pichierri, Jennifer, Hindmarsh, Peter, Heinemann, Lutz, Evans, Mark L., and Hovorka, Roman

Published
2017
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29. Psychological wellbeing of parents of very young children with type 1 diabetes – baseline assessment

Author

De Beaufort, Carine, Pit-Ten Cate, Ineke, Schierloh, Ulrike, Cohen, Nathan, Boughton, Charlotte, Tauschmann, Martin, Allen, Janet M., Nagl, Katrin, Fritsch, Maria, Yong, James, Metcalfe, Emily, Schaeffer, Dominique, Fichelle, Muriel, Thiele, Alena G., Abt, Daniela, Faninger, Kerstin, Mader, Julia K., Slegtenhorst, Sonja, Ashcroft, Nicole, Wilinska, Malgorzata E., Sibayan, Judy, Kollman, Craig, Hofer, Sabine E., Frohlich-Reiterer, Elke, Kapellen, Thomas, Acerini, Carlo, Campbell, Fiona, Rami-Merhar, Birgit, and Hovorka, Roman

Subjects
Very young children, Endocrinology, metabolism & nutrition [D06] [Human health sciences], Type 1 Diabetes, Hypoglycemia fear, child behavior, sleepiness, Parental well-being, Endocrinologie, métabolisme & nutrition [D06] [Sciences de la santé humaine]
Abstract

Background: Type 1 diabetes in young children is a heavy parental burden. As part of pilot phase of the KIDSAP01 study, we conducted a baseline assessment in parents to study the association between hypoglycemia fear, parental wellbeing and child behavior. Methods: All parents were invited to fill in baseline questionnaires: hypoglycemia fear survey (HFS), WHO-5, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results: 24 children (median age: 5-year, range 1-7 years, 63% male, mean diabetes duration: 3 ± 1.7 years) participated. 23/24 parents filled out the questionnaires. We found a higher score for the hypoglycemia fear behavior 33.9 ± 5.6 compared to hypoglycemia worry 34.6 ± 12.2. Median WHO-5 score was 16 (8 - 22) with poor well-being in two parents. Median daytime sleepiness score was high in five parents (>10). For six children a high total behavioral difficulty score (>16) was reported. Pro social behavior score was lower than normal in six children (

Published
2021

32. Home Use of an Artificial Beta Cell in Type 1 Diabetes

Author

Thabit, Hood, Tauschmann, Martin, Allen, Janet M., Leelarathna, Lalantha, Hartnell, Sara, Wilinska, Malgorzata E., Acerini, Carlo L., Dellweg, Sibylle, Benesch, Carsten, Heinemann, Lutz, Mader, Julia K., Holzer, Manuel, Kojzar, Harald, Exall, Jane, Yong, James, Pichierri, Jennifer, Barnard, Katharine D., Kollman, Craig, Cheng, Peiyao, Hindmarsh, Peter C., Campbell, Fiona M., Arnolds, Sabine, Pieber, Thomas R., Evans, Mark L., Dunger, David B., and Hovorka, Roman

Published
2015
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34. Closed-loop basal insulin delivery over 36 hours in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: randomized clinical trial

Author

Elleri, Daniela, Allen, Janet M, Kumareswaran, Kavita, Leelarathna, Lalantha, Nodale, Marianna, Caldwell, Karen, Cheng, Peiyao, Kollman, Craig, Haidar, Ahmad, Murphy, Helen R, Wilinska, Malgorzata E, Acerini, Carlo L, Dunger, David B, Hovorka, Roman, Nodale, Marianna [0000-0002-0333-8918], Wilinska, Gosia [0000-0003-2739-1753], Acerini, Carlo [0000-0003-2121-5871], Dunger, David [0000-0002-2566-9304], Hovorka, Roman [0000-0003-2901-461X], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Male, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Insulin Infusion Systems, Adolescent, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Female, Child
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of closed-loop basal insulin delivery during sleep and after regular meals and unannounced periods of exercise. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Twelve adolescents with type 1 diabetes (five males; mean age 15.0 [SD 1.4] years; HbA1c 7.9 [0.7]%; BMI 21.4 [2.6] kg/m(2)) were studied at a clinical research facility on two occasions and received, in random order, either closed-loop basal insulin delivery or conventional pump therapy for 36 h. During closed-loop insulin delivery, pump basal rates were adjusted every 15 min according to a model predictive control algorithm informed by subcutaneous sensor glucose levels. During control visits, subjects' standard infusion rates were applied. Prandial insulin boluses were given before main meals (50-80 g carbohydrates) but not before snacks (15-30 g carbohydrates). Subjects undertook moderate-intensity exercise, not announced to the algorithm, on a stationary bicycle at a 140 bpm heart rate in the morning (40 min) and afternoon (20 min). Primary outcome was time when plasma glucose was in the target range (71-180 mg/dL). RESULTS: Closed-loop basal insulin delivery increased percentage time when glucose was in the target range (median 84% [interquartile range 78-88%] vs. 49% [26-79%], P = 0.02) and reduced mean plasma glucose levels (128 [19] vs. 165 [55] mg/dL, P = 0.02). Plasma glucose levels were in the target range 100% of the time on 17 of 24 nights during closed-loop insulin delivery. Hypoglycemia occurred on 10 occasions during control visits and 9 occasions during closed-loop delivery (5 episodes were exercise related, and 4 occurred within 2.5 h of prandial bolus). CONCLUSIONS: Day-and-night closed-loop basal insulin delivery can improve glucose control in adolescents. However, unannounced moderate-intensity exercise and excessive prandial boluses pose challenges to hypoglycemia-free closed-loop basal insulin delivery.

Published
2020
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36. No relationship between prenatal or early postnatal androgen exposure and autistic traits: evidence using anogenital distance and penile length measurements at birth and 3 months of age

Author

Kung, Karson TF, Thankamony, Ajay, Ong, Ken KL, Acerini, Carlo L, Dunger, David B, Hughes, Ieuan A, Hines, Melissa, Ong, Kenneth [0000-0003-4689-7530], Dunger, David [0000-0002-2566-9304], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Male, penile length, Infant, Newborn, autism, extreme male brain, Anogenital distance, Pregnancy, Surveys and Questionnaires, gender, Androgens, Humans, Female, autistic traits, Autistic Disorder, Child
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Autism is more prevalent in males than in females. Hypotheses related to the extreme male brain theory of autism suggest that heightened androgen exposure during early development contributes to autistic traits. Whilst prior research focused mostly on the prenatal period, the current study tests the influences of androgen exposure during both the prenatal and the early postnatal periods on autistic traits during childhood. METHODS: Anthropometric measures that are putative biomarkers of early androgen exposure were employed. Anogenital distance (AGD) was measured at birth and 3 months of age in boys and girls. Penile length at birth and 3 months of age was also measured in boys. When the children were 9-13 years old, a parent-reported questionnaire (the 10-item children's version of the Autism Spectrum Quotient; AQ-10 Child) was used to assess autistic traits in 97 boys and 110 girls. RESULTS: There were no significant associations between any of the AGD or penile length measures and scores on the AQ-10 Child in boys, girls or the entire sample. CONCLUSIONS: The current study provides the first test of whether early measurements of AGD and/or penile length predict subsequent autistic traits. The current findings do not support a relationship between prenatal or early postnatal androgen exposure and autistic traits. The current study augments prior research showing no consistent relationship between early androgen exposure and autistic traits.

Published
2021

37. Psychological Well-Being of Parents of Very Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes – Baseline Assessment

Author

de Beaufort, Carine, primary, Pit-ten Cate, Ineke M., additional, Schierloh, Ulrike, additional, Cohen, Nathan, additional, Boughton, Charlotte K., additional, Tauschmann, Martin, additional, Allen, Janet M., additional, Nagl, Katrin, additional, Fritsch, Maria, additional, Yong, James, additional, Metcalfe, Emily, additional, Schaeffer, Dominique, additional, Fichelle, Muriel, additional, Thiele, Alena G., additional, Abt, Daniela, additional, Faninger, Kerstin, additional, Mader, Julia K., additional, Slegtenhorst, Sonja, additional, Ashcroft, Nicole, additional, Wilinska, Malgorzata E., additional, Sibayan, Judy, additional, Kollman, Craig, additional, Hofer, Sabine E., additional, Fröhlich-Reiterer, Elke, additional, Kapellen, Thomas M., additional, Acerini, Carlo L., additional, Campbell, Fiona, additional, Rami-Merhar, Birgit, additional, and Hovorka, Roman, additional

Published
2021
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39. Psychological Well-Being of Parents of Very Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes – Baseline Assessment

Author

de Beaufort, Carine, Cate, Ineke M. Pit-ten, Schierloh, Ulrike, Cohen, Nathan, Boughton, Charlotte K., Tauschmann, Martin, Allen, Janet M., Nagl, Katrin, Fritsch, Maria, Yong, James, Metcalfe, Emily, Schaeffer, Dominique, Fichelle, Muriel, Thiele, Alena G., Abt, Daniela, Faninger, Kerstin, Mader, Julia K., Slegtenhorst, Sonja, Ashcroft, Nicole, Wilinska, Malgorzata E., Sibayan, Judy, Kollman, Craig, Hofer, Sabine E., Fröhlich-Reiterer, Elke, Kapellen, Thomas M., Acerini, Carlo L., Campbell, Fiona, Rami-Merhar, Birgit, Hovorka, Roman, de Beaufort, Carine, Cate, Ineke M. Pit-ten, Schierloh, Ulrike, Cohen, Nathan, Boughton, Charlotte K., Tauschmann, Martin, Allen, Janet M., Nagl, Katrin, Fritsch, Maria, Yong, James, Metcalfe, Emily, Schaeffer, Dominique, Fichelle, Muriel, Thiele, Alena G., Abt, Daniela, Faninger, Kerstin, Mader, Julia K., Slegtenhorst, Sonja, Ashcroft, Nicole, Wilinska, Malgorzata E., Sibayan, Judy, Kollman, Craig, Hofer, Sabine E., Fröhlich-Reiterer, Elke, Kapellen, Thomas M., Acerini, Carlo L., Campbell, Fiona, Rami-Merhar, Birgit, and Hovorka, Roman

Abstract

Background: Type 1 diabetes in young children is a heavy parental burden. As part of pilot phase of the KIDSAP01 study, we conducted a baseline assessment in parents to study the association between hypoglycemia fear, parental well-being and child behavior. Methods: All parents were invited to fill in baseline questionnaires: hypoglycemia fear survey (HFS), WHO-5, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results: 24 children (median age: 5-year, range 1-7 years, 63% male, mean diabetes duration: 3 ± 1.7 years) participated. 23/24 parents filled out the questionnaires. We found a higher score for the hypoglycemia fear behavior 33.9 ± 5.6 compared to hypoglycemia worry 34.6 ± 12.2. Median WHO-5 score was 16 (8 - 22) with poor well-being in two parents. Median daytime sleepiness score was high in five parents (>10). For six children a high total behavioral difficulty score (>16) was reported. Pro social behavior score was lower than normal in six children (<6). Parental well-being was negatively associated with HFS total (r = - 0.50, p <.05) and subscale scores (r = - 0.44, p <.05 for HFS-Worry and HFS-Behavior), child behavior (r = - 0.45, p = .05) and positively with child age and diabetes duration (r = 0.58, p <.01, r = 0.6, p <.01). HFS, parental well-being nor daytime sleepiness are associated with the HbA1c. Conclusion: Regular screening of parental well-being, hypoglycemia fear and child behavior should be part of routine care to target early intervention.

Published
2021

40. Surgical Practice in Girls with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: An International Registry Study

Author

Hebenstreit, Doris, Ahmed, Faisal S; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0689-5549, Krone, Nils, Krall, Christoph, Bryce, Jillian, Alvi, Sabah, Ortolano, Rita, Lima, Mario, Birkebaek, Niels, Bonfig, Walter, Claahsen van der Grinten, Hedi, Costa, Eduardo Correa, Poyrazoglu, Sukran; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6806-9678, de Vries, Liat, Flück, Christa E, Guran, Tulay, Bugrul, Fuat; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2276-4410, Güven, Ayla, Iotova, Violeta, Koehler, Birgit, Schröder, Jennyver-Tabea, Konrad, Daniel, Gevers, Evelien, Krone, Ruth, Milenkovic, Tatjana, Vieites, Ana, Ross, Richard, Tadokoro Cuccaro, Rieko, Hughes, Ieuan, Acerini, Carlo, et al, Hebenstreit, Doris, Ahmed, Faisal S; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0689-5549, Krone, Nils, Krall, Christoph, Bryce, Jillian, Alvi, Sabah, Ortolano, Rita, Lima, Mario, Birkebaek, Niels, Bonfig, Walter, Claahsen van der Grinten, Hedi, Costa, Eduardo Correa, Poyrazoglu, Sukran; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6806-9678, de Vries, Liat, Flück, Christa E, Guran, Tulay, Bugrul, Fuat; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2276-4410, Güven, Ayla, Iotova, Violeta, Koehler, Birgit, Schröder, Jennyver-Tabea, Konrad, Daniel, Gevers, Evelien, Krone, Ruth, Milenkovic, Tatjana, Vieites, Ana, Ross, Richard, Tadokoro Cuccaro, Rieko, Hughes, Ieuan, Acerini, Carlo, and et al

Abstract

In this article international trends in surgical practice in girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are evaluated. All cases that had been classified in the I-CAH/I-DSD registry as 46,XX CAH and who were born prior to 2017 were identified. Centers were approached to obtain information on surgical decision making. Of the 330 included participants, 208 (63.0%) presented within the first month of life, and 326 (98.8%) cases were assigned female. Genital surgery had been performed in 250 (75.8%). A total of 64.3, 89.2, and 96.8% of cases residing in Europe, South America and Asia, respectively, had at least one surgery. In a logistic regression model for the probability of surgery before the second birthday (early surgery) over time an increase of probability for early vaginal surgery could be identified, but not for clitoral surgery or both surgeries combined. Genitoplasty in girls with CAH remains controversial. This large international study provides a snapshot of current practice and reveals geographical and temporal differences. Fewer surgeries were reported for Europe, and there seems to be a significant trend towards aiming for vaginal surgery within the first 2 years of life.

Published
2021

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