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Kaynaklarda da değinildiği üzere Türkçe eklemeli bir dil olduğundan, Türkçe’nin doğuşunda kök sözcüklerin tek hece olduğu düşünülmektedir. Zamanla bu tek heceli köklerin yapım ekleriyle birleştirilerek yeni sözcüklerin elde edildiği ve sık kullanılan sözcüklerin, zaman içinde değişerek yeni sözcüklerin üretilmiş olduğu söylenebilir. Türkçede var olan kök kelimeler bir ya da iki heceden oluşmaktadır. Daha fazla heceden oluşanlar bu köklerin ek almış halleridir. Ayrıca diğer dillerden alınmış sözcüklerin tek veya çift hecelik kök yapısına uymayacağı görüşü dil bilimciler arasında kabul görmektedir. Bu düşünceden kalkarak, temelde heceleme yöntemi ve Türkçe’nin biçimbirimsel kuralları göz önüne alınarak bir ve iki heceden oluşan kök sözcük üretme yöntemi, bu makalede tanıtılmıştır., This paper presents a synthetic root synthesismethod. Turkish language is agglutinative, thatis, grammatical functions are indicated by addingvarious suffixes to root. There are two mainsuffix classes: in the first class suffixes changethe meaning of the root and make it a new stemvia deriving the stem. New meaning calls theroot’s meaning but stem points to totally newthing. In the other class suffixes adds somefeatures to the root, The thing that is pointeddoesn’t changes but it can marked plural or somecase ending nominative, genitive, dative,accusative, locative and ablative can be added.For example, “ev” means “home”. “Ev-de” means “in home”. “de and da” suffixes alwaysgive the “at that location” meaning. Again verbshave the same property. They have some timesuffixes, wish and order suffixes. There arenearly 200 suffixes in Turkish. And generallyeach suffix gives a meaning to the root.Lots of Turkish linguist says that when Turkishborn the root words has only one syllable. Andnew words are created by adding suffixes tothem. When we are looking for root word weshould look to the word which has one or twosyllable.In this paper different from the other syntheticword synthesis we used syllables method notletter method. We applied all Turkish grammarrules while generating root words. Result rootwords may used as alternative root words fortotally new innovative things.

Bu çalışmada sınıflandırma sonuçlarını iyileştirmek için yeni bir yöntem önerilmektedir. Önerilen Yöntem Dempster’in Birleştirme Algoritmasını kullanarak farklı sınıflandırmalarından elde edilen sonuçların birleştirilmesidir. Dempster’in Birleştirme Algoritmasının kullanımıyla yapılan birleştirme işleminin, birleşimde kullanılan her bir sınıflandırma algoritmasından daha başarılı sonuçlar verdiği ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca Önerilen yöntemin mevcut birleşik algoritmalardan daha başarılı olduğu da gösterilmiştir. Sınıflandırmanın doğruluğunu arttırmak amacıyla birleştirme işleminde Güven derecesi kullanımı önerilmiştir. Güven derecesi kullanımının daha doğru sınıflandırma gerçeklediği gösterilmiştir.

This paper presents a comparison of supportvector machines (SVM), memory-based learning(MBL) and Naïve Bayes (NB) techniques for theclassification of legitimate and spam mails.Although there are a number of methodcomparativestudies regarding spam mailfiltering, most of the studies are tested onseparate data sets. In order to evaluate theeffectiveness of SVM, MBL and NB methods, wehave used a common publicly available corpus(LINGSPAM). As MBL and NB methods arepreviously tested with this corpus, the obtainedbest parameters are used in the experiments withfew changes. On the other hand, intenseexperiments are made to find the best attributedimensions with SVMs. Results show that SVMhas significantly better performance for no-costand high-cost cases, but NB performs best whenthe cost is extremely high., Bu makalenin amacı, yaramaz (spam) epostaları, normal e-postalardan ayırma süreci için, karar destek makineleri (Support Vector Machines - SVM), bellek tabanlı öğrenme (Memory Based Learning - MBL) ve Naïve Bayes (NB) yöntemlerinin karşılaştırmalı değerlendirmesini yapmaktır. Yaramaz e-posta-ların süzülmesinde kullanılan yöntemleri karşılaştıran birçok çalışma olmasına karşın, bu çalışmaların büyük çoğunluğu, farklı veri kümeleri kullandıklarından karşılaştırılabilir nitelikte değildir. Bu çalışmada, SVM, MBL ve NB yöntemleri karşılaştırılırken, herkesin erişimine açık olan ortak bir derlem (corpus) olan LINGSPAM derlemi kullanılmıştır. MBL ve NB yöntemleri, önceki çalışmalarda bu veri kümesi üzerinde sınandığı için, önceki deneylerden elde edilen en iyi parametreler ufak değişikliklerle kullanılmıştır. Ancak SVM yönteminin en iyi sonucu vermesini sağlamak için çok sayıda deney yapılmıştır. Çalışmamızda bir e-postanın, yaramaz olarak tanınması durumunda, bu e-postaya nasıl davranılacağına ilişkin senaryo önerileri verilmiş ve gerçeklenen sınıflandırıcıların hatalı çalışması durumunda ilgili senaryolara göre ortaya çıkabilecek hataların bedeli göz önüne alınarak bu üç sınıflandırma yöntemi değerlendirilmiştir. Ortaya çıkan sonuçlarda, SVM yönteminin hata bedelinin sıfır olduğu ya da yüksek olduğu senaryolar için başarımının diğer yöntemlerden daha iyi olduğu görülmüştür. Ancak hata bedelinin çok yüksek olması durumunda ise NB yöntemi en iyi sonucu vermiştir.

Objective: To determine the proportion of adolescent births in Van, Turkey, and to identify characteristics and related outcomes. Methods: Mothers who gave birth at three maternity centers in Van, Turkey, were chosen randomly and were invited to complete a face-to-face questionnaire. Participants were asked for demographic information and pregnancy history. Pregnancy outcomes were obtained from the birth records. Results: Of 1872 mothers who completed the questionnaires, 211 (11.3%) were younger than 19 years. Adolescent mothers showed significantly more inappropriate education for age (82.5% vs 70.1; P

Leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament is a rare turnout, since only 15 cases have been reported thus far in the English literature. We describe the case of a 35-year-old patient with primary leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament. The histologic diagnosis and management of this rapidly progressive and highly malignant tumour are also discussed. The tumor had high mitotic activity and more than ten mitotic figures were found for ten high-power fields. The treatment consisted of total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. The patient received pelvic radiotherapy and chemotherapy considering the high grade of malignancy. No evidence of metastasis has been noted after a follow-up of 12 months.

Aim: The purpose of the present study is to investigate the attitude of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nursing staff towards euthanasia of critically ill patients and the correlation of the findings with demographic and other factors. Material – Method: A self-completed questionnaire was distributed to the sample of the study which included 85 members of a general, an oncology and a pediatric hospital ICU nursing staff. Results: The results revealed that a 44.7% of the staff, is in favor of euthanasia but their knowledge is limited (5.9%), or very limited (32.9%), while the main source of information are the media and the magazines (52.9%). In the question that investigates will of participation, after the patient's demand and given law's permission, to stop or not even begin treatment in patients with end stage disease, 27.1% is opposite, 42.3% is in favor and 30.6% remains indecisive. 50.50% of the sample agrees to legislate late euthanasia under certain conditions, while the 22.4% of the sample remains indecisive. The most important factor in making the decision, was considered the incurable disease, while persistent demand of the family or psychiatric evaluation, were considered less important. Moreover, the staff of the ICU of the pediatric hospital was more positive, in participation in euthanasia under certain circumstances. Conclusion: The education and the information of the staff were considered of great importance in the sensitive issue of euthanasia, as well as a further exploration of the results of the present study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the opinions of nursing personnel about euthanasia of terminally ill patients. Material - Method: The sample consisted of 123 members of nursing personnel working in 5 ICUs and 5 Medical Units of three general hospitals of Athens. Results: The question related to nursing personnel's intention whether they have to stop or not to begin a strong therapeutic regime for the patient who is in the last stage of his life, even if he wants to die and there is a permissive law of euthanasia, the majority of the sample (59.8%) disagrees. Also, the 76.2% of the sample disagrees or is undecided to consent for the acceleration of death of a seriously suffering patient with drugs or other means. Only the 13.2% of the sample is well aware about country's law which does not allow euthanasia. The majority of the sample considered as most important factors the participation of the patient (98.6%) and his family (85.7%) in the decision making process as well as the presence of more than one doctor (89.1%). Conclusions: The majority of the nursing staff disagree or is uncertain (59.8 and 76.2 respectively) about withholding or withdrawing treatment to terminally ill patients or to give their consent on the precipitation of death with the use of drugs or other means.

Purpose of investigation: In this study we aimed to measure the activity of catalase, which is an antioxidant enzyme, the concentrations of some trace elements and heavy metals, and vitamin A, D and E levels in serum samples of patients with hydatidiform mole, normal pregnancies and healthy non pregnant women. Methods: Seventy-two women were enrolled in this study. Of these, 24 were healthy women in the first trimester of pregnancy (HP), 24 were healthy non-pregnant women (NP) and 24 were patients with complete hydatidiform mole (CHM). Results: Serum levels of catalase, Zn, Co, vitamin A, D and E were significantly lower in the CHM group when compared with the HP and NP groups (p < 0.001). Serum levels of Cu, Fe, and Cd were significantly higher in the CHM group when compared with the HP and NP groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The assessment of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in pregnant women could be useful in the early determination of molar pregnancy and supplementation with antioxidants may be useful in the treatment of CHM, and may prevent recurrent molar pregnancy.

2017 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK) -- OCT 05-08, 2017 -- Antalya, TURKEY, WOS: 000426856900049, Privacy considerations of individuals becomes more and more popular issue in recommender systems due to the increasing need for protecting confidential data. Even though users of recommender systems enjoy with personalized productions, they behave timidly about shar-ing their private data due to the some privacy concerns about price discrimination, unsolicited marketing, govern-ment surveillance and etc. Thus, preserving confidential data of users while producing accurate predictions is one of the extremely important directions of the researches about recommendation systems. In this paper, we gather the most known studies and recently published ones about producing accurately predictions without endangering privacy in order to guide researchers interested with privacy concerns in recommender systems. Moreover, we give a brief discussion about utilized methods., IEEE Adv Technol Human, Istanbul Teknik Univ, Gazi Univ, Atilim Univ, TBV, Akdeniz Univ, Tmmob Bilgisayar Muhendisleri Odasi

2017 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK) -- OCT 05-08, 2017 -- Antalya, TURKEY WOS: 000426856900198 With the development of technology and industrialization, problems that haven't been solved in the past have become more easily solvable. The artificial intelligence (AI) field has emerged by starting to apply the working mechanism of the human brain in various ways in computers. With the use and widespread use of AI techniques, solutions to problems in every area of the scientific world are presented. In this work, fuzzy logic (FL) which is one of the techniques of AI is considered. Using the FL, the lighting system in the common areas of the libraries modeled in a sound-sensitive manner. IEEE Adv Technol Human, Istanbul Teknik Univ, Gazi Univ, Atilim Univ, TBV, Akdeniz Univ, Tmmob Bilgisayar Muhendisleri Odasi

2017 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK) -- OCT 05-08, 2017 -- Antalya, TURKEY, In the first part of this study, the basic concepts of forensic phonetics such as voice, speech, and voice track are explained. In the second part; visual and auditory montage detection methods used in forensic phonetics, one of the lower branches of digital forensics, were examined. The most frequently used visual and auditory analysis methods have been determined by examining the literature. Then detailed information was given about them. Sound is a wave movement that creates a feeling of hearing in the ear by vibrating the molecules with a certain frequency and intensity with the movement of an object. The human voice has many unique features that called voice-print. Voice-print is frequently used in forensic phonetics to illuminate the crime. Voice is a reliable evidence used to detect guilt or detect a criminal. There are software that can do autonomous audio analysis. In addition, statistical and mathematical methods, artificial intelligence methods can he used. Visual and auditory analysis are performed on the sound and then evaluation is made according to different criteria. The success rate in speaker recognition methods is 85%-99%. Generally, the rate of misrecognition is 3% and the rate of non-recognition is 10%., IEEE Adv Technol Human, Istanbul Teknik Univ, Gazi Univ, Atilim Univ, TBV, Akdeniz Univ, Tmmob Bilgisayar Muhendisleri Odasi

2017 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK) -- OCT 05-08, 2017 -- Antalya, TURKEY, WOS: 000426856900050, Positioning applications become more popular with the advancement of location aware services. Global Positioning System is a successful solution for outdoors whereas it is not suitable for indoor environments due to the lack of line of sight for radio frequency signals. Therefore, various systems have been developed to solve the indoor positioning problem. Enhancing the performance of these systems is a critical issue. Several types of measurements and classification algorithms are employed to improve the positioning performance. The aim of this work is to enhance the performance of the indoor positioning system via the integration of different features (sensor measurements) and classification algorithms. For this purpose, firstly Wi-Fi Received Signal and magnetic field sensor values are combined to construct a hybrid fingerprint map. Then, the selected classifiers including decision tree, multi-layer perceptron, and Bayesian network are integrated using majority voting method. The test results demonstrate that the ensemble of sensor measurements and classifiers outperform the other individual classification algorithms in terms of classification accuracy. The proposed approach yielded the average distance error of 1.23 meter approximately., IEEE Adv Technol Human, Istanbul Teknik Univ, Gazi Univ, Atilim Univ, TBV, Akdeniz Univ, Tmmob Bilgisayar Muhendisleri Odasi, Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [1130024], This work is supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under grant number 1130024.

2017 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK) -- OCT 05-08, 2017 -- Antalya, TURKEY, WOS: 000426856900052, In this study, a remote controlled mobile robot is developed for the educational studies at the Planet Researches Simulation Laboratory in the Anadolu University Yunusemre Gozlemevi. The main objective of the study is to increase the interest of students for the technologies developed within the scope of planetary researches. In this context, the mobile robot system has been developed considering the international standards for the autonomous mobile robots. It has a web-based control and management interface. With the developed mobile robot system, many scenarios could be conducted similar to Mars real environment tasks such as remote photograph shooting, drilling and delayed calibration & analysis. Tests are conducted with the developed system for showing usability of the system., IEEE Adv Technol Human, Istanbul Teknik Univ, Gazi Univ, Atilim Univ, TBV, Akdeniz Univ, Tmmob Bilgisayar Muhendisleri Odasi

2017 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK) -- OCT 05-08, 2017 -- Antalya, TURKEY, WOS: 000426856900175, In this study passive optical network structures and standards are examined, energy efficiency methods in passive optical network technology are investigated, sleep mode technique and related studies made in this subject are mentioned., IEEE Adv Technol Human, Istanbul Teknik Univ, Gazi Univ, Atilim Univ, TBV, Akdeniz Univ, Tmmob Bilgisayar Muhendisleri Odasi

2017 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK) -- OCT 05-08, 2017 -- Antalya, TURKEY WOS: 000426856900059 The aim of this study is to compare the successes of various distance metrics and to determine the most appropriate methods in order to detect similarities among textual documents written in Turkish. Computing similarities between text documents is the basic step of plagiarism detection, and text mining methods like author detection, text classification and clustering. Therefore, plagiarism detection and text mining applications will be more successful by using the distance metrics that are determined according to the results obtained in this study. For this purpose, chunks of texts in different lengths are selected as the experimental dataset in this study. After that, preprocessing methods are applied to the dataset that is used; therefore new and different experimental scenarios are created by removing stopwords and Turkish characters, and stemming words with Zemberek. According to the experimental results, it is observed that the preprocessing phase increases the accuracy of similarity detection. Especially, stemming using Zemberek increases the success rate. In all cases, the Cosine Similarity method has been observed as more successful than other distance metrics, because of producing more realistic results. IEEE Adv Technol Human, Istanbul Teknik Univ, Gazi Univ, Atilim Univ, TBV, Akdeniz Univ, Tmmob Bilgisayar Muhendisleri Odasi

2017 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK) -- OCT 05-08, 2017 -- Antalya, TURKEY WOS: 000426856900057 In optimization problems, Genetic Algorithms are one of the most commonly used methods to search optimum points of a given function. These algorithms stochastically select the individual that is close to the optimum point in the population. By choosing appropriate individual in each iteration, it is desired to find the best individual step by step, or converge to the best individual. Therefore, it is significantly important to have a decent selection method in genetic algorithms. In this paper, it is aimed to improve Aggressive and Integrated Aggressive Selection methods which were already proposed. The performance of the improved methods that are proposed in this paper are compared with aggressive selection methods and integrated aggressive selection methods, as well as, most commonly used standard selection methods; Roulette Wheel, Linear Ranking and Tournament. It is observed that results of improved methods are predominant comparing to the other algorithms. IEEE Adv Technol Human, Istanbul Teknik Univ, Gazi Univ, Atilim Univ, TBV, Akdeniz Univ, Tmmob Bilgisayar Muhendisleri Odasi