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3. Watershed ‘chemical cocktails’ : forming novel elemental combinations in Anthropocene fresh waters

Author

Kaushal, Sujay S., Gold, Arthur J., Bernal, Susana, Johnson, Tammy A. Newcomer, Addy, Kelly, Burgin, Amy, Burns, Douglas A., Coble, Ashley A., Hood, Eran, Lu, YueHan, Mayer, Paul, Minor, Elizabeth C., Schroth, Andrew W., Vidon, Philippe, Wilson, Henry, Xenopoulos, Marguerite A., Doody, Thomas, Galella, Joseph G., Goodling, Phillip, Haviland, Katherine, Haq, Shahan, Wessel, Barret, Wood, Kelsey L., Jaworski, Norbert, and Belt, Kenneth T.

Published
2018

6. Saturated, Suffocated, and Salty: Human Legacies Produce Hot Spots of Nitrogen in Riparian Zones

Author

Inamdar, Shreeram P., primary, Peck, Erin K., additional, Peipoch, Marc, additional, Gold, Arthur J., additional, Sherman, Melissa, additional, Hripto, Johanna, additional, Groffman, Peter M., additional, Trammell, Tara L. E., additional, Merritts, Dorothy J., additional, Addy, Kelly, additional, Lewis, Evan, additional, Walter, Robert C., additional, and Kan, Jinjun, additional

Published
2022
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11. Draining the Landscape: How Do Nitrogen Concentrations in Riparian Groundwater and Stream Water Change Following Milldam Removal?

Author

Lewis, Evan, primary, Inamdar, Shreeram, additional, Gold, Arthur J., additional, Addy, Kelly, additional, Trammell, Tara L. E., additional, Merritts, Dorothy, additional, Peipoch, Marc, additional, Groffman, Peter M., additional, Hripto, Johanna, additional, Sherman, Melissa, additional, Kan, Jinjun, additional, Walter, Robert, additional, and Peck, Erin, additional

Published
2021
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13. Ghosts of landuse past: legacy effects of milldams for riparian nitrogen (N) processing and water quality functions

Author

Inamdar, Shreeram, primary, Peipoch, Marc, additional, Gold, Arthur J, additional, Lewis, Evan, additional, Hripto, Johanna, additional, Sherman, Melissa, additional, Addy, Kelly, additional, Merritts, Dorothy, additional, Kan, Jinjun, additional, Groffman, Peter M, additional, Walter, Robert, additional, and Trammell, Tara L E, additional

Published
2021
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14. Stream Solutes and Particulates Export Regimes: A New Framework to Optimize Their Monitoring

Author

Moatar, Florentina, Floury, Mathieu, Gold, Arthur J., Meybeck, Michel, Renard, Benjamin, Ferréol, Martial, Chandesris, André, Minaudo, Camille, Addy, Kelly, Piffady, Jérémy, Pinay, Gilles, RiverLy (UR Riverly), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Riverly (Riverly), Université de Tours (UT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), and Université de Tours

Subjects
Ecology, EROSION, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Nutrients, Carbon, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Water quality, DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON, Fluxes, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], EUTROPHICATION, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, SUSPENDED MATTER, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Concentration-discharge relationship
Abstract

International audience; The quantification of solute and sediment export from drainage basins is challenging. A large proportion of annual or decadal loads of most constituents is exported during relatively short periods of time, a "hot moment", which vary between constituents and catchments. We developed a new framework based on concentration-discharge (C-Q) relationship to characterize the export regime of stream particulates and solutes during high water periods when the majority of annual and inter-annual load is transported. We evaluated the load flashiness index (percentage of cumulative load that occurs during the highest 2% of daily load, M2), a function of flow flashiness (percentage of cumulative Q during the highest 2% of daily Q, W2) and export pattern (slope of the logC-logQ relationship for Q higher than the daily median Q, b50high). We established this relationship based on long-term water quality and discharge datasets of 580 streams sites of France and USA, corresponding to 2507 concentration time series of total suspended sediments (TSS), total dissolved solutes (TDS), total phosphorus (TP), nitrate (NO3) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), generating 1.5 million data points in highly diverse geologic, climatic and anthropogenic contexts. Load flashiness (M2) increased with b50high and/or W2. Also, M2 varied as a function of the constituent transported. M2 had the highest values for TSS and decreased for the other constituents in the following order: TP, DOC, NO3, TDS. Based on these results, we constructed a load-flashiness diagram to determine optimal monitoring frequency of dissolved or particulate constituents as a function of b50high and W2. Based on M2, optimal temporal monitoring frequency of the studied constituents decreases in the following order: TSS, TP, DOC, NO3, and TDS. Finally, we analyzed relationships between these metrics and catchments characteristics. Depending on the constituent, we explained between 30 to 40% of their M2 variance with simple catchment characteristics, such as stream network density or percentage of intensive agriculture. Therefore, catchment characteristics can be used as a first approach to set up water quality monitoring design where no hydrological and/or water quality monitoring exist. Abbreviations: W2: percentage of cumulative discharge that occurs during the highest 2% of daily discharge values, termed as flow flashiness M2: percentage of cumulative load that occurs during the highest 2% of daily load values, termed as load flashiness b50high: slope of the logC-logQ relationship for discharge higher than daily median discharge Q50, termed export pattern C-Q: concentration-discharge Q: discharge Cdf: cumulative distribution function

Published
2020

16. Catchment exports and monitoring

Author

Moatar, Florentina, primary, Renard, Benjamin, additional, Floury, Mathieu, additional, Gold, Arthur, additional, Meybeck, Michel, additional, Minaudo, Camille, additional, Ferréol, Martial, additional, Chandesris, André, additional, Addy, Kelly, additional, Piffady, Jeremy, additional, and Pinay, Gilles, additional

Published
2020
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34. Instream Large Wood: Denitrification Hotspots with Low N2O Production.

Author

Lazar, Julia G., Gold, Arthur J., Addy, Kelly, Mayer, Paul M., Forshay, Kenneth J., and Groffman, Peter M.

Subjects
DENITRIFICATION, GEOLOGIC hot spots, RIPARIAN forests, NITROUS oxide, RIVERS, BIOFILMS, NITROGEN removal (Water purification)
Abstract

We examined the effect of instream large wood on denitrification capacity in two contrasting, lower order streams - one that drains an agricultural watershed with no riparian forest and minimal stores of instream large wood and another that drains a forested watershed with an extensive riparian forest and abundant instream large wood. We incubated two types of wood substrates (fresh wood blocks and extant streambed wood) and an artificial stone substrate for nine weeks in each stream. After in situ incubation, we collected the substrates and their attached biofilms and established laboratory-based mesocosm assays with stream water amended with 15N-labeled nitrate-N. Wood substrates at the forested site had significantly higher denitrification than wood substrates from the agricultural site and artificial stone substrates from either site. Nitrate-N removal rates were markedly higher on woody substrates compared to artificial stones at both sites. Nitrate-N removal rates were significantly correlated with biofilm biomass. Denitrification capacity accounted for only a portion of nitrate-N removal observed within the mesocosms in both the wood controls and instream substrates. N2 accounted for 99.7% of total denitrification. Restoration practices that generate large wood in streams should be encouraged for N removal and do not appear to generate high risks of instream N2O generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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