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Objectives: The global spread of the HIV epidemic has spurred dramatic increase in HIV/AIDS funding across the developing world. Over the last decade, this has resulted in large influx of funds to developing countries like Nigeria. This qualitative research explores the effect of a decade of donor HIV/AIDS funding on health services in southwest Nigeria, through the experiences of hospital administrators. Method: Twelve senior healthcare professionals participated in the study. Facilities running HIV/AIDS funded program in both rural and urban communities were selected for the study. Data collection was via in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Transcription of data was done by professional service and data analysis was aided with the use of QSR Nvivo 10. Findings: The findings from this qualitative research were grouped under four major themes: Difference in program experience, HIV program has changed how we work, HIV programs affect personnel availability, and HIV programs have promoted professional development. Conclusion: The findings from this study support previous contention that HIV/AIDS funding improves professional development, contributes toward infrastructural upgrade, and improves the quality and coverage of HIV services. In addition, however, this study raises further questions about the worrying discriminatory nature of program incentives, increasing workload without commensurate incentives, provision of laboratory equipment, and support for infrastructural upgrades. These are hitherto unreported effects of HIV programs on health services that need to be further explored for their impacts on primary healthcare delivery in beneficiary countries and design of potential strategies to confront the challenges to ensure a more positive program experience. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background: The burden of post-neonatal mortality remains considerably high in Nigeria. This study examines the rural-urban differences in post-neonatal mortality rates (PNMR) and associated factors in Nigeria., Methods: Dataset from the 2013 Nigeria demographic and health survey, disaggregated by rural-urban residence, was analyzed. PNMR was reported using frequency tabulation, whereas, factors associated were first evaluated using Chi-Square test and further examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis., Results: A total of 30384 singleton livebirths (20449 in rural and 9935 in urban residences) in the five years preceding the survey was included in this study. PNMR in rural and urban residences were 34 (95%CI: 31 - 38) and 22 (95%CI: 18 - 26) deaths per 1000 live births (P<0.001), respectively. In rural residence, living in the South-West region reduced the odds of post-neonatal mortality by 63% (Adjusted OR [AOR]: 0.372, 95%CI: 0.187 - 0.732)). In urban residence, poor wealth index (AOR: 1.660, 95%CI: 1.024 - 2.689), living in the South-East region (AOR: 2.902, 95%CI: 1.470 - 5.726), and home delivery (AOR: 1.539, 95%CI: 1.016 - 2.330) increased the odds of post-neonatal mortality. Regardless of residence, the use of solid cooking-fuels (Rural: AOR: 2.394, 95%CI: 1.211 - 4.734; Urban: AOR: 1.912, 95%CI: 1.206 - 3.030), birth interval < 24 months (Rural: AOR: 1.880, 95%CI: 1.557 - 2.270; Urban: AOR: 1.630, 95%CI: 1.042 - 2.550) and lack of breastfeeding (Rural: AOR: 2.547, 95%CI: 2.089 - 3.105; Urban: AOR: 2.152, 95%CI: 1.496 - 3.096) increased the odds of post-neonatal mortality., Conclusion: PNMR and associated factors differ in rural and urban Nigeria. Post-neonates in urban areas had better survival chances. Intervention efforts would need to prioritize findings in this study. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved., (This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.)