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Antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of the treatment of bacterial diseases in the aquaculture sector. In this study, 210 Nile tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) weighing approximately 60 ± 2.5 g b.w. were randomly divided into seven treatments (T1–7). The fish were experimentally infected with Aeromonas hydrophila and then treated with oxytetracycline (OTC) after the appearance of clinical symptoms. The fish were fed Moringa oleifera diet alone or M. oleifera diet before OTC treatment to alleviate the effects of OTC treatment. The effects of OTC treatment and M. oleifera were assessed by measuring the gene expressions of cytokines (interleukin [IL]‐1β, IL‐6, tumour necrosis factor‐α, IL‐10 and heat shock protein‐70), antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity) and liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase and alkaline phosphatase). Although OTC treatment protected fish from A. hydrophila, leading to a decreased mortality rate (49.96%), it exerted deleterious effects on their immune and oxidative statuses. Thus, we recommend that M. oleifera be included in the feed of O. niloticus, especially those exposed to bacterial infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The latest outbreak of a coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), evolved into a worldwide pandemic with massive effects on health, quality of life, and economy. Given the short period of time since the outbreak, there are several knowledge gaps on the comparative and zoonotic aspects of this new virus. Within the One Health concept, the current EAACI position paper dwells into the current knowledge on SARS‐CoV‐2's receptors, symptoms, transmission routes for human and animals living in close vicinity to each other, usefulness of animal models to study this disease and management options to avoid intra‐ and interspecies transmission. Similar pandemics might appear unexpectedly and more frequently in the near future due to climate change, consumption of exotic foods and drinks, globe‐trotter travel possibilities, the growing world population, the decreasing production space, declining room for wildlife and free‐ranging animals, and the changed lifestyle including living very close to animals. Therefore, both the society and the health authorities need to be aware and well prepared for similar future situations, and research needs to focus on prevention and fast development of treatment options (medications, vaccines). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]