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In NNW Konya, mafic rocks form as dyke swarm or isolated linear dykes, which are cut by a series of normal faults that developed possibly by emplacement of the dyke-forming magma. Some anhydrous oxidized calcic skarn zones have ever been found out in Silurian-Early Carboniferous metacarbonates next to the Triassic metamafic dykes faulted, and in roof pendants within the intrusion. The metamafic rocks are suggested to have a low temperature and a small amount (or even absence) of the heat of crystallization, which causes the development of a restricted skarn zone. Mineralogical studies show that the skarn contains garnet, magnetite/hematite, chlorite, and sericite. The magnetite/hematite minerals form mostly as large euhedral crystals, up to 0.5 cm in length, which may be resorbed by chlorite and felsic minerals or rimmed by goethite. The garnet typically forms as spectacular euhedral large crystals, up to ~1.5 mm in size. The existence of chlorite and sericite, and the lack of hornblende, biotite and wollastonite in the region indicate that contact metamorphism took place under low pressure, relatively low temperatures (albite-epidote hornfels) and/or high CO2 conditions in the area., Konya’nın KKB’da dayk topluluğu veya muhtemelen dayk oluşturan magmanın yerleşimi ile gelişen bir dizi normal faylar tarafından kesilmiş izole çizgisel dayklar şeklinde mafik kayaçlar oluşur. Faylanmış Triyas yaşlı metamafik dayklara komşu Silüryen-Erken Karbonifer yaşlı metakarbonatlar ve sokulumdaki çatı askıları içerisinde, ilk kez su içermiyen oksitlenmiş Ca’ca zengin bazı skarn zonları belirlenmiştir. Metamafik kayaçların, sınırlı skarn zonunun gelişimine neden olan düşük sıcaklığa ve az miktarda (veya yok) kristalleşme sıcaklığına sahip olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Mineralojik çalışmalar, skarnın granat, manyetit/hematit, klorit ve serisitten oluştuğunu gösterir. Manyetit/hematit mineralleri, klorit ve açık renkli mineraller tarafında kemirilebilen veya götit tarafından çevrilen, çoğunlukla 0.5 cm uzunluğa kadar gelişmiş özşekilli kristaller şeklinde oluşur. Granat tipik olarak ~1.5 mm boyuta kadar ulaşan harikulade özşekilli iri kristaller şeklinde oluşur. Bölgede klorit ve serisitin varlığı ve hornblend, biyotit ve vollastonitin yokluğu kontakt metamorfizmanın düşük basınç, nispeten düşük sıcaklık (albit-epidot hornfels) ve/veya yüksek CO2 şartlarında yer aldığına işaret eder.

DOI: 10.15317/Scitech.2018.149 Url: http://sujest.selcuk.edu.tr/sumbtd/article/view/479, In the Konya area, the Neotethyan assemblage is represented by Late Cretaceous aged Hatıp Ophiolitic Mélange, in where the metamorphic sole rocks crop out as thin slices beneath the sheared serpentinites and harzburgites, and Çayırbağı ophiolite. This study aims to characterize the mineralogical characteristics and chemical composition of the amphiboles in the metamagmatic sole rocks of the Hatıp Ophiolitic Mélange. The main rock types in the metamorphic sole rocks are amphibolite (amphibole up to 90.3 %); epidote-amphibolite (65.3% amphibole); zoisite-amphibolite (amphibole 52.2%) and amphibole-quartzite (amphibole 28.5%) with nematoblastic to porphyroblastic texture. The microprobe analyses of the amphiboles suggest that the amphiboles have crystallized from a wet magma in medium pressure condition (≤ 7 kb), and are magnesiohornblende, pargasite and edenite in composition. The obtained data also reveal that the Neotethyan assemblage has experienced a regional metamorphism in greenschist facies conditions, which resulted in no chemical changes in the amphiboles., Konya yöresinde Neotetis topluluğu, Geç Kretase yaşlı makaslanmış serpantinit ve harzburgitlerin altında ince dilimler şeklinde metamorfik taban kayaçlarının bulunduğu Hatıp ofiyolitik Melanjı ve Çayırbağı ofiyolitleri ile temsil edilirler. Bu çalışmada, metamorfik dilimde yer alan metamagmatik kayaçlardaki amfibollerin mineralojik özelliklerinin ve kimyasal bileşimlerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Metamorfik dilimdeki ana kayaç tipleri nematoblastik - porfiroblastik dokuya sahip olan amfibolit (% 90.3 lere varan amfibol); epidot amfibolit (%65.3 amfibol); zoisit amfibolit (%52.2 amfibol) ve amfibol kuvarsit (%28.5 amfibol) tir. Amfibollerin kimyası, amfibollerin orta basınç şartlarında (≤ 7 kb) sulu bir mağmadan kristalleşen magnezyohornblend, pargazit ve edenit bileşiminde olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Eldeki veriler, ayrıca Neotetis topluluğunun daha sonra amfibollerde kimyasal bir değişiklik oluşturmayan yeşilşist fasiyesi şartlarında bölgesel bir metamorfizmaya uğradığını vurgulamaktadır.

Turkey hosts essential bauxite deposits, typically of the karstic-type. The most economically important bauxite deposits of Turkey form in the Seydisehir-Akseki region of the central Taurides Mountains. The Mortas and Dogankuzu deposits are the most important deposits in that region. The bauxite beds contain boehmite, hematite, rutile, smectite, quartz, diaspore, calcite, pyrite, marcasite and goethite. Brown to red-colored bauxite minerals are massive, oolitic – pisolitic textured. The Seydisehir schists could be possible parent rocks of bauxites, and have unearthed acidic source (mostly granite) with hornblende and plagioclase minerals. The schists were compositionally mature with minimal alkali feldspar sediments. The Mortas deposit is 400 m long and up to 40 m thick; it averages 10 m thick. It has about 5 million tons of ore reserves, with ~50 percent Al2O3. The Dogankuzu bauxite deposit is situated 2 km southwest of the Mortas deposit, with 14.9 million metric tons of ore at 61 percent Al2O3. The Dogankuzu ore was deposited on a fault-controlled karst surface of Cenomanian limestone succession, which was overlain by 5- to 10-cm-thick Santonian limestones. The bauxite has been mined by the Seydisehir aluminum factory, which was founded in 1973, and privatized in 2005. The plant is capable to produce 65.000 ton liquid aluminum per year, around 15% of Turkey’s Aluminum demand.

URL:http://sujest.selcuk.edu.tr/sumbtd/article/view/457 DOI: 10.15317/Scitech.2017.98, The natural rocks used today as well as in the history for a variety of purposes were a subject of different alteration, weathering and deterioration conditions. These conditions are strictly controlled by environment and nature of rock varieties (marble and stone). This study is a first approach to understand the relation between some geological features and behavior against salt (Na2SO4) decay of Moroccan marbles and stones. For this purpose, widely used four dolomitic limestones, two crystalline limestones, one limestone and one basalt sample (total 8) were chosen from Morocco. Extra attention paid to choose locations being a representative of all Moroccan country. The carbonate samples (limestone and dolomite) consist of mainly dolomite and calcite with micritic and sparitic cement. The sole, non-carbonaceous sample is basalt of Khenifra containing mainly plagioclase and pyroxene. In general, both bulk-dry and powder density values of the studied rock samples are homogeneous. The limestone of Bir Jdid has the highest (10.81 %) effective porosity and dry weight loss value (4.61 %). The loss on ignition value of the Khenifra basalt has the lowest value with 1.26 %. The loss on ignition values are also relatively uniform. The obtained data indicate that outdoor uses (especially in coastal areas) of limestones of Bir Jdid and dolomitic limestones of Taza are more risky than the others., Hem geçmiş dönemlerde hem de günümüzde çok çeşitli amaçlar için kullanılan doğal taşlar farklı ayrışma, dağılma ve bozunmaya uğramaktadırlar. Bu şartlar çevre ve kayacın türüne (mermer ve taş) sıkı sıkıya bağlıdır. Bu çalışma Fas mermerleri ve taşlarını tuza (Na2SO4) karşı dayanımlarını ve bazı jeolojik özelliklerini anlamak için yapılan ilk çalışmadır. Bunun için Fas’tan getirilen çok kullanılan 4 dolomit, 2 kristalize kireçtaşı, 1 kireçtaşı ve bir bazalt (toplam 8 adet) örneği seçilmiştir. Örnekler mümkün mertebe Fas’ın değişik yerlerinden seçilmiştir. Karbonat kayaçları (kireçtaşı ve dolomit) temel olarak dolomit ve kalsit minerallerinden müteşekkil olup çimento mikrit ve sparittir. Karbonatsız tek kayaç olan Khenifra bazaltı esasen plajiyoklas ve piroksen içerir. Genel olarak örneklerin kuru ve öğütülmüş ağırlıkları birbirlerine benzer. Bir Jdid kireçtaşları en yüksek etkili porozite (% 10.81) ve kuru ağırlık kaybına (%4.61) sahiptir. En düşük ateş zayiatı Khenifra bazaltlarındadır (%1.26). Ateş zayiatları genel olarak homojendir. Eldeki veriler Bir Jdid kireçtaşları ve Taza dolomitik kireçtaşlarının dışarda (özellikle sahil bölgelerinde) kullanımlarının diğerlerine göre daha riskli olduğuna işaret etmektedir.

The Attepe district consists of Precambrian, Lower–Middle Cambrian, Upper Cambrian–Lower Ordovician and Mesozoic formations. It contains several iron deposits and occurrences. Three types of iron-mineralizations can be distinguished in the area; (i) Sedimentary Fe-sulfide in Precambrian bituminous metapelitic rocks, and Fe-oxides in Precambrian metasandstones (SISO), (ii) vein-type Fe-carbonate and oxides composed of mainly siderite, ankerite and hematite including barite in Lower–Middle Cambrian metacarbonates of the Caltepe Formation (HICO), (iii) karstic Fe-oxides and hydroxides essentially in the Lower–Middle Cambrian metacarbonates and the unweathered Fe-carbonates (KIO). The latter type is more widespread and located at the upper parts of the most important mineable iron deposits like Attepe deposit. Oxygen-, carbon-, sulfur- and strontium-isotope studies have been performed on siderites and barites in the vein-type ores, and on calcites in the recrystallized Caltepe Limestones to investigate the sources and formation mechanism of primary ore-forming constituents. The δ 13 C values of siderites and calcites in limestones of the Caltepe Formation range from −10.10‰ to −8.20‰, and from −0.8‰ to 2.30‰. Both carbonate minerals show δ 18 O values between 17.50–18.30‰ and 16.20–23.00‰, respectively. The δ 13 C and δ 18 O isotopic variations do not indicate any direct or linear relations between siderites and limestones. However, it is possible that the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of carbonate minerals could be changed to some extent, when limestones were subjected to hydrothermal processes or thermal alterations during metamorphism. The isotopic values of barites display 32.40–38.30‰ for δ 34 S and 12.20–14.70‰ for δ 18 O. The strontium isotope ratios (0.717169–0.718601) of barites and the sulfur isotope compositions of barites and pyrites suggest that there are no direct linkages of ore-forming compounds neither with a magmatic source nor with sedimentary pyrite formations in the Precambrian bituminous shales of the Attepe formation. According to the field observations and the stable isotope data, siderites and ankerites should be formed by interaction between iron-rich hydrothermal fluids and Caltepe limestones, whereas isotope ratios of barites indicate that they were formed by mixing of sulfur-rich meteoric waters and deeply circulated hydrothermal solutions.

In this study, we investigated the chemical and physical properties of the volcanic rocks used as building stones in historical places and monuments. The chemical weathering effect of salt crystallization on these stones was measured on the laboratory conditions (in most cases, used samples were very small). For this purpose, the dry weight loss (DWL) test was conducted. The rocks of dacite, andesite and tuffs of volcanic origin have different durability against salt crystallization. The most stable rocks are dacites (DWL 2.06%) which were used in the construction of Hittite monuments at Eflatun. The durability of the stones is closely related to their chemical, mineralogical, petrographical and mechanical properties. The stones used in the historical buildings are generally much more stable than present-day building stones.

The study area is located at 20 km southwest of Seydişehir (Konya) and the chromites are cropped out in the dunitic rocks of the Kızıldağ ultramafics. The chromites are found as banded, schliren and massive occurrences and their chemical composition have a features of Alpine type chromites. These chromites can be classified as Al- rich and ferric chromites and their Cr/Fet is between 2.77 and 3.28 (mean 2.99). In the Cr/Cr+AlMg/Mg+Fe +2 binary diagram, r/Cr+Al values covers a festricted area while Mg/Mg + Fe+2 ratios distrubuted in a wider range. There is a strong negative correlation between Cr and Mg and negative (not too strong) correlation between Cr and Al., Seydişehir'in yaklaşık 20 km güneybatısında bulunan Kızıldağ'da ortaya çıkan kromitler ultramafik kütlenin dunit bileşimli kayaçları içerisinde bulunmaktadır. Bu kayaçlar içerisinde bandlı, saçılımlı ve masif yapılı olarak bulunan kromitler, kimyasal bakımdan Alpin tip kromitlerin özelliğini taşımaktadır. Al'lu ve Ferri kromit olarak adlandırılan kromitlerin Cr/Fet oranı 2.77 ile 3.28 arasında (ort. 2.92) değişmektedir. Cr/Cr+Al-Mg/Mg+Fe+2diyagramında üç değerlikli bileşenler dar bir alanda iki değerlikli bileşenler ise daha geniş bir alanda dağılım gösterirler.