Search

(1) Background: The impact of SARS-CoV-2 has been variable over the time course of the pandemic and in different populations. The aim was to analyze the impact of COVID-19 infection in a known population of hemodialysis (HD) patients and professionals in Spain at different times of the pandemic. (2) Methods: We conducted an observational, descriptive study with a follow-up from 3 March 2020 to 23 April 2022 (776 days), using in average of 414 professionals and 1381 patients from 18 HD units in Spain. The data from the positive PCR or the rapid antigen detection test (RADT) subject were analyzed and segmented into six periods (waves). (3) Results: Of 703 positive COVID-19 tests, 524 were HD patients (74.5%), and 179 were HD professionals (25.5%). Overall, 38% of staff and 43% of patients were affected. Differences were observed in regard to incidence (21% vs. 13%), mortality (3.5% vs. 0%), and symptomatology between the patients and professionals and throughout the pandemic. (4) Conclusions: COVID-19 severity varied during different pandemic waves, with a greater impact seen in the first wave. HD professionals and patients had similar infection rates, but patients had higher mortality rates. Community transmission was the primary route of infection.

Objective. The aim of this study is to demonstrate if routine assessment of patient index data 3 has a correlation with disease’s activity as much as disease activity score 28, clinical disease activity index, and simplified disease activity index in Ecuadorian patients with rheumatoid arthritis seen in Unidad de Enfermedades Reumáticas y Autoinmunes [UNERA] from December 2016 to December 2017. Methods. This is a retrospective study in 200 patients that fulfill the American College of Rheumatology 2010 criteria for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. The patients were evaluated from December 2016 to December 2017. Descriptive analyses were carried out, also Pearson correlation was used, and, to give a better clinical significance, a chi-square test was conducted. Whenever assumptions of chi-square test were violated, a Fisher’s exact test was reported. Results. RAPID3 correlated best with DAS28 (r.83, p < 0.001), followed by CDAI (r.80, p < 0.001) and then SDAI (r.77, p < 0.001). Conclusion. RAPID3 is a questionnaire that only takes 10 seconds to calculate and correlates in a significant way with traditional clinical measures that require more time to perform, saving time in busy health facilities.

We conducted a large multi-ethnic meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) on a total of 34,179 cases vs 349,321 controls, and identified 127 independent risk loci, almost doubling the number of known loci for POAG. The majority of loci have broadly consistent effect across European, Asian and African ancestries. We identify a link, both genome-wide and at specific loci, between POAG and Alzheimer’s disease. Gene expression data and bioinformatic functional analyses provide further support for the functional relevance of the POAG risk genes. Several drug compounds target these risk genes and may be potential candidates for developing novel POAG treatments.

Con el objetivo de caracterizar clínicamente a los niños y adolescentes con leucemia linfoblástica aguda y neutropenia febril en un hospital de Ecuador se realizó un estudio de serie de casos revisando historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos en el Hospital de la Sociedad de Lucha Contra el Cáncer de la ciudad de Guayaquil durante enero 2014 y abril 2016. De los 101 pacientes 51,5% eran mujeres, la edad promedio fue 5,5±2,1 años, el 72,3% tenían riesgo alto de infección bacteriana invasora, el foco de origen infeccioso más frecuente fue el respiratorio con 47,5%, el 18,8% de los microorganismos aislados en hemocultivos fueron Gram-positivos. El 25,7% de los pacientes fallecieron, siendo la refractariedad a la quimioterapia uno de los factores asociados (p

Case series Patients: Female, 29-year-old • Female, 34-year-old • Female, 24-year-old • Female, 39-year-old • Female, 46-year-old Final Diagnosis: COVID-19 • SARS-CoV-2 Symptoms: Anosmia • asthenia • chest pain • chills • diarrhea • dry cough • dyspnea • fever • headache • myalgias • odynophagia Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Rheumatology Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: This case series describes 5 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 in Ecuador who had been treated with hydroxychloroquine for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) prior to their COVID-19 illness. Case Report: Case #1 reports a 29-year-old woman who had been treated with 200 mg of hydroxychloroquine per day for 1 year and presented with flu-like symptoms, chest pain, fever, odynophagia, asthenia, dry cough, and chills. Case #2 was a 34-year-old woman whose treatment for SLE included 200 mg of hydroxychloroquine per day since 2017. She arrived at the clinic with a dry cough, asthenia, and myalgias. Case #3 was a 24-year-old woman who had been using 200 mg of hydroxychloroquine per day since 2010. She presented with asthenia, myalgias, headaches, hypogeusia, and anosmia. Case #4 was a 39-year-old woman taking 200 mg of hydroxychloroquine every day for SLE who presented with dyspnea, chest pain, odynophagia, hypogeusia, anosmia, diarrhea, and fever. Case #5 was a 46-year-old woman who had been taking 200 mg of hydroxychloroquine since 2019. She came to our hospital complaining of chest pain, fever, and dyspnea. In all 5 patients, SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed with a nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test using the Cepheid/GeneXpert system. Conclusions: All 5 of our patients with SLE who were taking hydroxychloroquine presented with SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptoms of COVID-19. This case series provides support for a lack of prevention of COVID-19 by hydroxychloroquine.

With the objective of performing a clinical characterization of children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and febrile neutropenia in a hospital in Ecuador, a case series study was carried out, which involved reviewing the clinical records of patients receiving care at "Hospital de la Sociedad de Lucha Contra el Cancer" in Guayaquil between January 2014 and April 2016. Out of the 101 patients, 51.5% were female; mean age was 5.5±2.1 years old; 72.3% were at high risk for invasive bacterial infection; the most common infections were respiratory with 47.5%; 18.8% of bacteria isolated in blood cultures were Gram-positive. Finally, 25.7% of patients died, with chemotherapy resistance as one of the associated factors.Con el objetivo de caracterizar clínicamente a los niños y adolescentes con leucemia linfoblástica aguda y neutropenia febril en un hospital de Ecuador se realizó un estudio de serie de casos revisando historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos en el Hospital de la Sociedad de Lucha Contra el Cáncer de la ciudad de Guayaquil durante enero 2014 y abril 2016. De los 101 pacientes 51,5% eran mujeres, la edad promedio fue 5,5±2,1 años, el 72,3% tenían riesgo alto de infección bacteriana invasora, el foco de origen infeccioso más frecuente fue el respiratorio con 47,5%, el 18,8% de los microorganismos aislados en hemocultivos fueron Gram-positivos. El 25,7% de los pacientes fallecieron, siendo la refractariedad a la quimioterapia uno de los factores asociados (p0,001). En conclusión, la mortalidad en niños y adolescentes, con leucemia linfoblástica aguda y neutropenia febril fue elevada; siendo la refractariedad a la quimioterapia uno de los principales factores asociados.

The Melon yellows virus (MYV), a whitefly-transmitted closterovirus, is one of the major pathogens causing crop losses in protected melons in southeastern Spain. An accession of the wild Asiatic Cucumis melo ssp. agrestis (Cma) shows resistance to MYV infection. Results indicate the participation of two resistance mechanisms in this source: firstly, an antixenotic reaction against Trialeurodes vaporariorum, the disease vector, and secondly, resistance to the virus. The combined effect of these two mechanisms confers Cma a higher level of resistance, expressed as a delayed and milder infection. The genetics of resistance to the Melon yellows closterovirus have been studied in two families derived from Cma. As under natural infection conditions, the effect of antixenosis and virus resistance cannot be distinguished, a biometrical model that permits separation of the two resistance mechanisms operating in the same resistant source, has been proposed to determine genetic control of MYV resistance. The genetic analysis has been conducted by fitting the disease progress curves of each generation to the biometrical model instead of fitting the final disease ratios. The scoring of disease incidence over time allows for the comparison of data from assays conducted in different conditions (2 years/4 transplanting dates), thus reinforcing the analysis. The results agree with a simple control of the resistance to MYV derived from Cma, with incomplete penetrance of the gene and partial dominance of resistance. The effect of antixenosis on the spread of this plant virus is highly significant in Cma, but not in segregant generations. Since there do not exist crossability barriers between this accession and the cultivated melon, Cma could be readily used in breeding programmes to obtain melon varieties resistant to MYV.

La Programación Orientada a Aspectos es un estilo de programación cuyo principal objetivo es lograr una adecuada modularización de los conceptos involucrados en una aplicación, esto se traduce en lograr la separación entre los requerimientos funcionales de los no funcionales, para obtener un mejor entendimiento de los conceptos, eliminando la dispersión del código y haciendo que las implementaciones resulten más comprensibles, adaptables y reutilizable. A su vez proporciona un marco de trabajo que permite al programador separar claramente componentes y aspectos a través de mecanismos que hagan posible abstraerlos y componerlos para producir el sistema global. Abstract The Aspect Oriented programming is a programming style that the main objective is to achieve adequate modularization of the concepts involved in an application, this result in the achievement of separation between the functional requirements of the non-functional, to get a better understanding of the concepts, eliminates dispersion of code and makes the implementations more readable, adaptable and reusable. Also provides a framework that allows the programmer to clearly separate components and aspects through mechanisms to allow abstracting and composing them to produce the overall system.

Semiempirical AM1 and MNDO-PM3 as well as MP n /4-31G ( n =2–4) calculations were done on the hydrogen-bonded intermediate complexes and the transition state for the unassisted addition of one water molecule to formaldehyde in order to assess the similarity of the three models in the study of chemical reactions. The errors inherent in the low-level ab initio calculation were estimated both by extension of the basis set and by correction of the basis-set-superposition error (BSSE). Basis-set extension was performed by using MP n /6-31G( d , p ) calculations. BSSE was corrected both at the Hartree-Fock and the post-Hartree-Fock level using the counterpoise method and accounting for deformation of the fragments. Drawbacks of the semiempirical methods are reported and analysed in relation to the ab initio results.

Recently proposed modified MNDO methods (MNDO/M and MNDO-PM3) for the study of hydrogen-bonded complexes are tested in four simple systems: (H 2 O) 2 , NH 4 + · H 2 O, formamide water and formamide-methanol dimers. A comparison is made with AM1 since this method, intended to be a general improvement of MNDO, was already shown to fail in the former two dimers. Bifurcated hydrogen-bonded structures were always preferred over linear ones. AM1 also shows this artifact in the formamide-water dimer but not in the formamide-methanol one. This is due to the inability of -CH 3 to bind to the carbonyl oxygen. In this case the AM1 optimized global minimum is in excellent agreement with the Hartree-Fock ab initio DZP optimized structure. Moreover, when it is physically impossible to form bifurcated hydrogen bonds, AM1 is in good agreement with ab initio results. MNDO/M and MNDO-PM3 (an improvement on AM1 ) do not give any bifurcated structure either in the former two dimers or in the formamide complexes. MNDO/M and MNDO-PM3 structures are in agreement with ab initio and experimental ones in almost all cases, except for the global minima in both the formamide-water and the formamide- methanol dimers. Singly hydrogen-bonded structures are predicted instead of the experimentally determined and ab initio calculated correct doubly hydrogen-bonded ones. MNDO-PM3, although not entirely correct, gives structures which are more correct than the MNDO/M ones. In conclusion, neither of these semiempirical methods is entirely correct. Overall, MNDO-PM3 seems to be more trustworthy than AM1 or MNDO/M, although these methods may be used when no bifurcated hydrogen bonds (AM1) or cycles (MNDO//M) exist. Failures of MNDO-PM3 indicate that a better semiempirical method is still needed for studies of solvation and hydrogen- bonded clusters.

La variabilidad genética de Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum y P. tigrinum fue estimada en tres localidades de la Amazonía peruana mediante las técnicas "Exon - Primed Intron - Croosing" (EPIC) y "Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). Un total de 102 especímenes fueron analizados con tres sistemas intrónicos (Ck, RPEX y PmOPSI). El intron PmOPSI es diagnóstico para diferenciar ambas especies. Los tres intrones fueron digeridos con enzimas de restricción para analizar la variabilidad de secuencia observando el polimorfismo de longitud de los fragmentos de restricción (RFLP). Los resultados del Análisis Factorial de Correspondencia (AFC), índice de fijación (Fst= 0.43) y distancia genética (D = 0.76) entre ambas especies corroboraron la identidad genética de las mismas, sin híbridos naturales observado entre ellas. A nivel intraespecífico, los resultados encontrados por AFC, Fst ,y D mostraron en P.fasciatum como en P. tigrinum que la variabilidad genética observada no estás relacionada con la ubicación geográfica de las poblaciones. Los resultados podrían ser explicados por el caráctermigratorio y ladistribución de estas especies enlacuencaAmazónica