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The article presents the results of the study of the oil content of husk of promising sunflower hybrid combinations bred in V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK). Control of the oil content of husks is a difficult and time-consuming task. In the research, we used the method of determining the oil content of husks by the NMR method. The use of this method allows reducing considerably the time of analysis, excluding the use of toxic chemical solvents, increasing the accuracy of measurements. The developed technique is based on the existing analytical dependence between oil content and amplitude of signals of NMR protons of husk oil. The research results show the possibility of effective application of the developed method to determine the oil content of husk. During the research, we found that the botanical oil content of the investigated husk samples does not exceed 0.5% for samples with the oil content of seeds of up to 46%. For highly oily seed samples, the oil content of husks increased to 3.4% for seed samples with high oil content. The increase in oil content of the husk can be explained by the adhering of the kernel shell with the husk and oiling of the husk in the process of its dehulling. The obtained data in this research allows us to evaluate modern hybrids of sunflower seeds from the perspective of the potential loss of oil together with the husk when the seeds are dehulled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the use of modified vegetable lecithins in food technologies has become increasingly interesting. Physical methods of modification include the deoiling of lecithins to obtain phospholipid isolates and their fractionation. One of the technological regimes that determines the effectiveness of the deoiling process is temperature. The choice of an effective deoiling temperature will ensure the maximum yield of phospholipid isolates and reduce solvent consumption. Taking this into account, the purpose of the study was the justification for the choice of the effective temperature for the deoling process of soybean lecithin to obtain phospholipid isolates using the pulsed NMR method. The temperature of soybean lecithin was varied from 25 to 50 ± 1°C, and the characteristics of the nuclear magnetic relaxation of lecithin were studied on an upgraded AMB-1006M NMR analyzer, which is based on the proton magnetic resonance method. It has been established that the temperature of soybean lecithin has a significant effect on the change in the structural state of molecules of triacylglycerols, free fatty acids and phospholipids. It has been established that at the temperature of 40°C in soybean lecithin the content of single molecules of triacylglycerols and free fatty acids is the highest, while the release of dimers of phospholipids from micelles of low orders is absent. Thus, the temperature of 40°C is the effective temperature for deoiling of soybean lecithin to obtain phospholipid isolates, which ensures their maximum yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]