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8. Evaluation of adverse drug reactions to antiretroviral medications among HIV/AIDS patients in a teaching hospital in Ilorin, Nigeria

Author

Agede, Olalekan Ayodele, Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa, Jimoh, Maryam Abimbola, Wasagu, Isa Musa, and Ogunjemilua, Sunday Bode

Subjects
Antiretroviral medications, Adverse drug reactions, HIV, Nigeria
Abstract

The morbidity and mortality caused by HIV/AIDS have significantly decreased as a result of the introduction of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). The frequent occurrences of HAART adverse drug reactions (ADRs) potentially negate the recent advances made in the treatment of the infection. The aim of this present study is to assess the frequency, severity, and connection between ADRs and the HAART regimens being utilized by HIV/AIDS patients in an Ilorin teaching hospital. Using a validated data capture form created for the study, we retrospectively evaluated and analyzed the clinical records of patients living with HIV/AIDS who received treatment at the Antiretroviral Therapy Clinic in UITH between January 2022 and December 2022. The severity of the ADRs was evaluated using a modified Hartwig and Siegel scale, and causality was evaluated using Naranjo's likelihood scale. The evaluation included 384 patient case files that met the inclusion criteria. The most prevalent adverse medication reactions were seen in young adults between the ages of 31 and 40, and they were more common in females (65.9%) than in males (34.1%). Patients with the most often prescribed first-line combination of Tenofovir, Lamivudine, and Dolutegravir experienced the highest frequency of ADRs. The most frequent ADRs were nausea and vomiting (39.6%), followed by loss of appetite (29.4%), and exhaustion (15.9%). The majority of ADRs (92.7%) were mild in nature, and 80.5% were likely caused by the HAART combination that was being used, according to the assessment of severity. Loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting were the most frequent ADRs. They were frequently observed in female patients receiving the tenofovir, lamivudine, and dolutegravir first-line combination. The majority of ADRs were low in severity and most likely resulted from the usage of the HAART combination. ADRs should be actively monitored, patients should be taught to promptly report ADRs, and HAART combinations with a history of proven safety and efficacy should be used in order to build on the successes of HAART in the treatment of HIV/AIDS.

Published
2023

9. Knowledge, attitude and perception of healthcare workers Regarding COVID-19 and vaccine in Ilorin

Author

Agede, Olalekan Ayodele and Olanrewaju, Afolabi Saheed

Subjects
Healthcare workers, COVID-19, Vaccines, Perception, Attitude
Abstract

This study determined the knowledge, attitude and perception regarding COVID-19 and vaccine among healthcare workers in Ilorin. It was a web-based cross-sectional study conducted for a period of eight weeks in secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities in Ilorin. A total of 2,002 healthcare workers participated in the study. Data on sociodemographics, COVID-19 and vaccine-related concerns were collected. Descriptive and frequency statistics were done. The chi-square test was used to evaluate associations between the categorical variables. P-value was set at

Published
2022

14. KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PERCEPTION OF HEALTHCAREWORKERSREGARDING COVID-19 AND VACCINE IN ILORIN.

Author

AGEDE, OLALEKAN AYODELE and OLANREWAJU, AFOLABI SAHEED

Subjects
*COVID-19 vaccines, *MEDICAL personnel, *HEALTH facilities, *HEALTH policy, *ATTITUDE (Psychology)
Abstract

This study determined the knowledge, attitude and perception regarding COVID-19 and vaccine among health care workers in Ilorin. It was a web-based cross-sectional study conducted for a period of eight weeks in secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities in Ilorin. A total of 2,002 healthcare workers participated in the study. Data on socio-demographics, COVID-19 and vaccine-related concerns were collected. Descriptive and frequency statistics were done. The chi-square test was used to evaluate associations between the categorical variables. P-value was set at <0.05. Ordinal regression was used to assess the determinants of willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine. The gender distribution showed female preponderance (67.6%) and most participants were married (85.8%). Most common age group was 36-50 years (n=839,41.9%). Most (61.3%) of the participant got information on COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccine and preventive measures through news and social media. Of the participants, 46.3%usedthepreventive measures always. Some participants believed these measures help to reduce the spread. Gender as well as other additional factors affected the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine. There was high awareness about COVID-19 and fair practice of preventive measures. The willingness to take the vaccine among participants was high. Information about the disease and vaccine were sourced mostly from social media. Thus, health care policy makers should take advantage of social media to disseminate appropriate information on COVID-19 and vaccine to improve disease control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

15. Therapeutic Potentials of Selected Antihypertensive Agents and Their Fixed-Dose Combinations Against Trastuzumab-Mediated Cardiotoxicity

Author

Olorundare, Olufunke Esan, primary, Adeneye, Adejuwon Adewale, additional, Akinsola, Akinyele Olubiyi, additional, Ajayi, Abayomi Mayowa, additional, Agede, Olalekan Ayodele, additional, Soyemi, Sunday Sokunle, additional, Mgbehoma, Alban Ikenna, additional, Okoye, Ikechukwu Innocent, additional, Albrecht, Ralph M., additional, Ntambi, James Mukasa, additional, and Crooks, Peter Anthony, additional

Published
2021
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18. Combined Intranasal Insulin/Saxagliptin/Metformin Therapies Ameliorate the Effect of Combined Oral Contraceptive- (COC-) Induced Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) with a Major Target on Glucose Metabolism in Adult Female Wistar Rats

Author

Olanrewaju Afolabi, Saheed, Folahan, Joy, Agede, Olalekan, and Olorundare, Olufunke

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the effect of the chronic use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs: ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel) on the indices of metabolic syndrome in adult female Wistar rats and possible therapeutic management. Materials and Methods. 64 female Wistar rats received either distilled water, norethindrone (NOR), COC, intranasal insulin (INI), metformin (MET), saxagliptin (SAX), INI+MET, and INI+SAX. After 8 weeks of exposure to COC, the animals were sorted into the therapeutic groups. Several parameters were assayed for, such as body weight changes, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, insulin levels, inflammatory cytokines, and glycated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac). Results. The levels of FBG, insulin, and Hb1Ac were increased consequent upon COC treatment. Treatment with INI+SAX and INI+MET reduced significantly the levels of FBG and Hb1Ac; in addition, the level of insulin was significantly increased in the INI+MET groups (p≤0.05). Serum lipid profile analysis showed a statistical reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level; this reduction was also significantly reversed in the INI+SAX group. Reduced catalase activity observed in the COC group was reversed in the INI+MET group (p≤0.05). A nonsignificant increase in the level of TNF-α as a result of COC treatment was reversed by INI and INI+MET treatment. Liver GLUT4 and G-6-phosphate levels were significantly increased by COC treatment, and this effect was reversed by INI+SAX in both assays, respectively (p≤0.01). Conclusions. The use of MET and SAX in combination with INI has been shown to reverse some indices of MetS. This study proposes a clinical phase to backup and ascertain these preclinical findings.

Published
2021
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