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Se analizaron los patrones de distribución geográfica de 224 especies de leguminosas nativas de la Península de Yucatán (México) en 48 unidades geográficas operativas (0.5° de latitud y 0.5 ° longitud). Las relaciones biogeográficas regionales se determinaron utilizando información de las leguminosas de 12 áreas de América Central, América del Norte, América del Sur y las Antillas. Se emplearon 3 métodos de análisis: coeficiente de Jaccard, análisis de parsimonia (PAE) y un análisis de patrones generales de distribución, como una visualización general de los trazos individuales de Croizat. También se revisaron filogenias de algunos géneros de leguminosas para determinar patrones de evolución geográfica. La mayor riqueza de especies encontrada al sur de la península se asocia con el gradiente climático en sentido norte-sur. Los resultados indican que esta área se puede dividir en 2 áreas biogeográficas (distritos): una franja septentrional y una franja meridional y al menos 5 subdistritos. Los análisis de parsimonia (PAE) y los patrones generales de distribución son congruentes con los análisis de similitud. Todos los resultados sugieren que la Península de Yucatán presenta la mayor afinidad con América Central, y le sigue América del Norte, América del Sur y finalmente las Antillas, mientras que el elemento endémico representa el 6.7 %.In order to assess biogeographical relationship of the Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico), it was divided in 48 operational geographic units of 0.5 ° latitude and longitude and the distribution patterns of 224 native species of the family Leguminosae were analyzed. Biogeographic relations were determined comparing our results with legumes information of 12 neighboring areas of Central, North and South America, and the Caribbean. Three methodologies were used to analyze the information: the Jaccard's similarity coefficient, parsimony analysis of endemism (PAE), and a simple comparison of the general pattern of distribution as a simple model of the individual trace of Croizat. Published phylogenies for some genera were analyzed in order to discuss geographic patterns. The results suggest that the higher species richness found in the southern portion of the Yucatán Peninsula is associated to the north-south climatic gradient present in the peninsula. Based on our results, this area can be divided in 2 biogeographical areas (districts), a northern area with legumes associated to dry habitats and a southern zone with species that grow in more humid climates; 5 sub-districs could also be recognized. The parsimony analysis of endemism and simple comparison of the general pattern of distribution are congruent with the similarity analysis. All the evidence suggests that the Yucatán Peninsula shows more affinity with Central America, followed by North America, South America, and finally the Antilles. On the other hand, the endemic element represents 6.7 % of the legume diversity.

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